翻译简史

FirstLessonRecommendationNewWordsAccordingtoareportbytheenvironmentprotectionauthority,Beijing'sPM2.5indexremainedexcellentforsixdaysfromAug20toAug25,andthemediahascalledtheblueskyinBeijingduringthisperiod"paradeblue".kidendorsement(代言)Childrenwhofoundfameinliveshowsandmadeafortunebyendorsingcommercialproductswillhavetohalttheirearlycareer,astheiradswillbebannedafterSept1whenthenewadvertisinglawgoesintoeffect.过分直译Oursonmustgotoschool.Hemustbreakoutofthepotthatholdsusin.译文一：我们的儿子一定得进学校，他一定得打破这个把我们关在里面的罐子。译文二：我们的儿子一定要上学，一定要出人头地。外宾服务部；ForeignGuestsDepartment（歧义）；SouveniorShop牛奶路/银河Manofletter等信的人；VS文人；嘲弄/作弄不要搞一刀切。误：Donotcutoffatonestroke.正：Donotimpostuniformityinallcases.陆兴华分析了德国现代学者施米特的政治理论，并13次提到毛泽东。在引用一句德文后，陆兴华写道：“施米特引用了中国诗人昆仑的诗句来展望这种世界革命或战斗下的真正的政治的斗争和和平：把革命和战斗的火种当礼物，一把送给欧罗巴，一把送给美利坚，一把留给中国自己，这样和平才会来主宰世界。”段尾注明：“这是本人的翻译，未查到昆仑原诗。”安得倚天抽宝剑，把汝裁为三截？一截遗欧，一截赠美，一截还东国ChiangKai-Shek常凯申？我国最早文字翻译出现在2500年前的《越人歌》“译事之难：信达雅。求其信，已大难矣！顾信矣，不达，虽译，犹不译也，则达尚焉。”2.翻译标准信达雅Faithfulness/loyaltyCorrectness/accuracyElegance/refinement“宋僧传云：如翻锦绣，背面俱华，但左右不同耳。”“阅读译文犹如从反面看毛毯一般--钱锺 书 关于书的成语关于读书的排比句社区图书漂流公约怎么写关于读书的小报汉书pdf ”Note任意删减NoteSurveyofTranslation李景端:依您看,当前有些翻译质量下降,问题主要出在哪里?季羡林:原因很复杂,这里有译者基本功问题,翻译职业道德问题,翻译批评缺位问题,以及出版社疏于把关问题等等。我只想特别强调两点:一是译者的知识面一定要广。现在的年轻人学外文的条件比过去好,他们理解外文的能力并不差,最不足的就是知识面不广,还包括中文功底薄弱,以致不注意或不善于根据不同的翻译对象来设计和调整自己的译笔。我这是从学术层面来讲的,那种因不讲译德,有意粗制滥造的当然不在此列。二是出版社务必严于把关。过去老“商务”、老“人文”出翻译书都有严格把关的好传统,这一关是不能削弱的。可惜现在不少出版社都放松了,有的社根本没有外文编辑,放弃了译文质量把关,又缺乏必要的翻译质量检查 制度 关于办公室下班关闭电源制度矿山事故隐患举报和奖励制度制度下载人事管理制度doc盘点制度下载 。所以这个问题必须有关部门合力综合治理才能奏效。宋释法云撰“翻译名义集”(1143年)称：“夫翻译者，谓翻梵天之语转成汉地之言，音虽似别，义则大同。宋僧传云：如翻锦绣，背面俱华，但左右不同耳。译之言，易也。谓以所有，易其所无"。TranslatorUntranslatabilityEg:WasitacatIsaw?Madam,I’mAdam.Palindrome(回文):aword,verse,orsentencethatreadsthesamewhentheletterscomposingitaretakeninthereverseorder。拆字人曾为僧,人弗可以成佛女卑是婢,女又何妨称奴Examples美的空调，美的享受；“咳”不容缓；民国万税，天下太贫；人僧为僧，人弗可以成佛；女卑是婢，女又何妨称奴。Monasticalmenmakemonks,ButbecomeBuddhasbarely;Miserablemaidensmakemaids,Styledslavessosquarely.NewcoinedwordsWhite-collarcrime:白领犯罪智能犯罪Goflatline?ITtoolsHistoryofTranslationP191.四大译经家鸠摩罗什真谛paramartha玄奘不空BuddhismClassicBooksTranslationNote西学东渐利玛窦徐光启明：徐光启利玛窦徐家汇天主教堂中国天主教“三大柱石”清：马建忠林纾“译界之王”京师同文馆（ti）严复杨宪益戴乃迭“翻译了整个中国的人”ClassificationofTranslationIntralingualtranslation语内翻译；Interlingualtranslation语际翻译；Intersemiotictranslation语符翻译；ClassificationofTranslation(2)Humantranslation人工翻译；Machinetranslation机器翻译；ClassificationofTranslation(3)Literarytranslation文学翻译；Practicaltranslation实用翻译；5.QualificationofTranslatorsKnowledgeable;Highprofessionalmorality;Politicalbelief;Translationskills;ReferenceBooksPracticeSincehisveryfirstdayinthemovieindustry,artfilmmasterHouHxiao-Hsienhaswantedtoshootamartialartsfilm,drawingonelementsofChinesefantasy.Now,thedirectorhasfinallyreleasedhisfirstmartialartsfeature,TheAssassin.However,forviewersexpectingspectacularkungfusequence,thisfilmwillprobablydisappoint.Butwhatitlacksinactionismadeupforinaestheticrefinement.TheAssassinistheTaiwanesedirector’sfirstfeatureineightyears,anditisafeastfortheeyes.ItslongshotsofgorgeouslandscapesandpoeticapproachtoitscharactersreflectHou’ssignaturestyle.BasedonthetaleofafemaleassassinintheTangDynasty,thefilmrevolvesaroundNieYinniang,ayounggirlwhoiskidnappedandtrainedtobeanassassin.Asthestoryslowlyunfolds,thismysterioushitwomanstartstomeditatedeeplyonthemeaningofkillingandlife.Note:Indonesia’sBelitungIsland印尼的勿里洞岛sea-cucumber海参Wreck残骸练习Formorethanadecade,archaeologistsandhistorianshavebeenstudyingthecontentsofaninth-centuryArabdhowthatwasdiscoveredin1998offIndonesia’sBelitungIsland.Thesea-cucumberdiverswhofoundthewreckhadnoideaiteventuallywouldbeconsideredoneofthemostimportantmaritimediscoveriesofthelate20thcentury.十几年来，考古学家和历史学家都在研究一艘阿拉伯独桅帆船的船骸。它是1998年在印尼的勿里洞岛岛发现的。当时发现船骸的潜水员们根本没有意识到它会成为20世纪末为重要的海洋发现之一。Dhow阿拉伯帆船ceramicpieces陶瓷片Maritime海洋海事海上的AbbasidIraq阿拉伯阿巴斯王朝Thedhowwascarryingarichcargo—60,000ceramicpiecesandanarrayofgoldandsilverworks—anditsdiscoveryhasconfirmedhowsignificanttradewasalongamaritimesilkroadbetweenTangDynastyChinaandAbbasidIraq.这艘独桅帆船当时运载着大宗的货物——有6万件瓷器和一大堆金器银器。这艘帆船的发现确立了中国唐朝和阿拉伯阿巴斯王朝之间通过海上丝绸之路进行的贸易有多么重要。mass-producing大量生产Suitthetaste满足需求WestAsia西亚ItalsohasrevealedhowChinawasmass-producingtradegoodseventhenandcustomizingthemtosuitthetastesofclientsinWestAsia.同时也揭示了中国当时已经开始大批量生产贸易物资，并且对货物进行改制以满足西亚客户的需要。Formorethanadecade,archaeologistsandhistorianshavebeenstudyingthecontentsofaninth-centuryArabdhowthatwasdiscoveredin1998offIndonesia’sBelitungIsland.十多年来，考古学家和历史学家一直在精心研究1998年在印度尼西亚我勿里洞岛附近发现的一膄19世纪单桅三角帆船残骸。Exercise1.TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasicallyprivate-enterpriseandmarketorientedeconomyinwhichconsumerslargelydeterminewhatshallbeproducedbyspendingtheirmoneyinthemarketplaceforthosegoodsandservicesthattheywantmost.TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasicallyprivate-enterpriseandmarketorientedeconomyinwhichconsumerslargelydeterminewhatshallbeproducedbyspendingtheirmoneyinthemarketplaceforthosegoodsandservicesthattheywantmost.TheAmericaneconomicsystemis.organizedaroundabasicallyprivate-enterprise,marketorientedeconomyinwhichconsumerslargelydeterminewhatshallbeproducedbyspendingtheirmoneyinthemarketplaceforthosegoodsandservicesthattheywantmost.[参考译文]美国的经济是以基本的私有企业和市场导向经济为架构的，在这种经济中，消费者很大程度上通过在市场上为那些他们最想要的货品和服务付费来决定什么应该被制造出来。Exercise2.Apartfromthefactthattwenty-sevenactsofParliamentgovernthetermsofadvertising,noregularadvertiserdarepromoteaproductthatfailstoliveuptothepromiseofhisadvertisements.Apartfromthefactthattwenty-sevenactsofParliamentgovernthetermsofadvertising,noregularadvertiserdarepromoteaproductthatfailstoliveuptothepromiseofhisadvertisements.Apartfromthefactthattwenty-sevenactsofParliamentgovernthetermsofadvertising,noregularadvertiserdarepromoteaproductthatfailstoliveuptothepromiseofhisadvertisements.[参考译文]除去议会有27件法案来 规范 编程规范下载gsp规范下载钢格栅规范下载警徽规范下载建设厅规范下载 广告的条件，没有任何一个正式的广告商敢于推销一种商品却不能兑现其在广告中的承诺。Exercise3. FourmonthsbeforeElectionDay,fivemengatheredinasmallconferenceroomattheReagan-Bushheadquartersandreviewedanoversizecalendarthatmarkedtheremainingdaysofthe1984presidentialcampaign. 离选举日还有四个月，五个人聚集在里根—布什竞选总部的一个小型会议室里，看着一张硕大的日历，1984年总统竞选剩下的日子清晰地标了出来。ItwasthelastSaturdayinJuneandatteno‘clockinthemorningtherestoftheofficewaspracticallydeserted.Evenso,themenkeptthedoorshutandthedrapes(窗帘)carefullydrawn.这是六月份的最后一个星期六，早晨10点，其他办公室几乎无人。即使这样，他们仍紧闭大门，严拉窗帘。Thethreeprincipals（主要人物）andtheirtwodeputies（副手）hadcomefromaroundthecountryforacriticalmeeting.TheiraimwastodeviseastrategythatwouldguaranteeRonaldReagan'sresoundingreelectiontoasecondtermintheWhiteHouse.三个主要人物和两个副手从全国各地赶来，聚在这里召开一个重要会议，旨在制定出一套策略，以确保里根再次当选总统，入主白宫。Newsfrom21cnTesttrainingcoursesnomiraclelanguagesolutionFormany,takingEnglishtrainingcoursestopasstheGRE,TOEFLandIELTSexamsisthefirststeptofulfillingtheirdreamofstudyingabroad.Therewere43TOEFLexamsessionsin2013,anewrecord,andthenumberofChineseTOEFLexamtakersreached300,000,accordingtotheNewOriental traininginstitution.SodemandforEnglishtrainingcoursesisincreasing.Butsuchcoursesfocusonteachingparticipantstest-takingskills.Howeffectivetheyareinimprovingstudents’gradesstilldependsontheiroveralllanguagelevel.Therefore,thekeyfortest-takerstopasstheexamsistoimprovetheir comprehensiveEnglishability.