新编剑桥商务英语中级第三部课本阅读原题与答案

4.Readaboutjob-sharing.Writetheseheadingsintoeachparagraph.GetorganizedSetyourlimitsPutpentopaperTwobecomeoneOpenyourmindPlanfordisasterFindtheperfectpartnerDon’tfeelguiltyHowtojob-shareWouldn’titbeniceiftheworkingweekfinishedonWednesday?Withajob-shareitcan.Here’stheessentialguidetomakingitwork.(0)Findtheperfectpartner.Findsomeoneyoulike.‘Bepreparedtocommunicateandsharecreditandblame,’saysCarolSavage,themanagingdirectorofFlexecutive,aflexibleworkingconsultancy.(1)____________________Bossesshouldconsiderrequestsforflexibleworkingfromemployeeswithchildrenundersix.Soembracethebenefits:‘Twiceasmuchexperience,skills,brainpowerandenergy,’Savagesays.(2)____________________Alwaysdiscusstheworst-casescenarios.WhenMargaretMills,ateacher,lostherjob-sharepartnerbecauseofafamilyillness,areturntofull-timeworkseemedinevitable.‘Wehadbeenover-optimistic.Ididmanagetofindsomeoneelsewhofittedinwithme,butIwasverylucky.1.1ReadingOpenyourmindPlanfordisaster(3)___________________Planthesystemforhandingworkovercarefullyandplaytoeachother’sdifferentstrengths.Delegatetheworkloadaccordingtoeachother’sparticularskillsandqualities.(4)___________________Managershouldclarifywhattheyexpectintermsofhours,availabilityandresults,andemployeesshouldmanagetheiremployer’sexpectations.SueOsborn,ajob-sharerfor21years,says,‘We’reoftenaskedtodofive-dayweeks.Eventuallyyoujusthavetosayno.’(5)___________________Agreeinwritingarrangementsforholidays,parentalleave,retirement,etc.everyoneshouldknowwheretheystandfromthebeginning.(6)___________________Donotworkuntil1amathometomakeupfornotbeingintheofficeeveryday.(7)___________________Clientsmaynotlikehavingtodealwithtwopeopleworkingcloselytogether.AsSavagesays:‘Ajob-shareshouldbelikeamarriage---onevoice,oneunit.’BACKGetorganizedSetyourlimitsPutpentopaperDon’tfeelguiltyTwobecomeone1.2ReadingLife’sallaboutmakingconnectionsReadthearticlebelowaboutsomenewnetworkinggroupsspecificallyforbusinesswomen.ChoosethebestwordA,BorCtofillthegaps1-10.1.A.attendingB.goingC.meeting2.A.ideasB.sugarC.money3.A.departmentB.companyC.group4.A.workB.chargeC.responsible5.A.toB.inC.aboutToyou,networkingmightmean(1)__A__aconferenceortradefaireventtomeetnewclientsorpartners.Oritcouldbethecoffeebreakatworkwhereyoushare(2)___A__withcolleaguesinotherdepartments.Butnowadaysnetworkinghasbecomeaneventinitself.Forexample,PricewaterhouseCoopersofferitsfemalestaffaformalnetworking(3)__C___calledPwCwomen.With900members,itorganizeseventsrangingfrominformaldrinkseveningstocoachingevents.TinaHallet,whois(4)___C____forthegroup,saysthatshegotinvolved(5)__B______networking6.A.runB.controlC.produce7.A.speakB.knowC.be8.A.doB.seeC.make9.A.socializingB.workC.extra10.A.talkB.withC.successBecause‘I’dgottoareasonablyseniorlevelandIwantedtohelpotherpeopletomaximizetheirpotential.’Youdon’thavetobeseniorto(6)__A___anetworkthough.VickyWoodandSallyHopkinshadtheideafortheCityGirlsNetworkwhentheyfirstmovedintoLondon’scorporateworldandwonderedhowtogetto(7)__B____otherwomen.‘Wecouldn’tfindanythingforpeoplewithnoexperience.Sowethoughtwe’dstartourown.’Fromtwelvefriendsmeetingregularly,itrapidlygrewto250membersfrommanydifferentorganizations.It’sagreatwayto(8)__C___usefulcontactsandbringinpotentialbusiness.FionaClutterbuckisco-chairofanetworkforthebankABNAMRO.‘Womentendtothinkofnetworkingas(9)__A_____andgiveitlowpriority.’butgiventhechance,womenwillnetwork–asthebank’slast‘speednetworking’eventdemonstrated.‘Withover100womenandmen,itwasagreat(10)___C__.Itisamazinghowmanypeopleyougettomeetfromdifferentpartsoftheorganization.’Task1:Readthefollowingarticle.WhatbenefitsandincentivesdoesthearticlementionforemployeesatXerox?2.1ReadingIsWorkingforXeroxTooGoodtoBeTrue?WhatalovelyplaceXeroxistowork!KimMoloney,aclientservicesexecutive,can’tsayenoughnicethingsaboutheremployer.‘It’saveryspecialenvironment,’shesays,‘PeopledescribeXeroxasafamilyandIwasamazedatthenumberofpeoplewhohaveworkedhereforsolong.’It’stemptingtotakeMoloney’scommentswithapinchofsalt,especiallyconsideringthatwhenyou’vebeenworkingsomewhereforonlytwoyears,asshehasatXerox,everyoneseemsoldandestablished.Butthere’struthbehindherenthusiasm.TakeCarolePalmer,thegroupresourcesdirector.ShejoinedXeroxin1978asatempandhasbeeninherpresentroleforsevenyears.‘Xeroxhasbeengoodtomeovertheyears,’shesays.‘Ithassupportedmethroughqualifications…andlastyearItookpartinthevice-presidentincumbentprogramme.’Task2HumanresourcesistakenseriouslyatXerox,Palmersays,andthecompanyhasapolicyofpromotingfromwithin(whichwouldexplainMoloney’samazementathercolleagues’longevity).ThecompanytakesononlyfifteentotwentygraduateseachyearandMoloneywaspartofanintakewhojoinedhavingalreadyacquiredacoupleofyears’workexperience.ShestartedasaprojectmanagerforXeroxGlobalServicesbeforemovingintosales.Nowherresponsibilityisto‘growandmaintaincustomerrelationships’.MoloneyisbasedattheheadofficeinUxbridge.‘It’sgreatintermsofworkingenvironment,’shesays.‘We’vejusgotanewproviderinthecanteenand…wehavebrainstormingroomsandbreakoutareas.’MuchofMoloney’sroleisvisitingclients,soshedoesn’thaveapermanentdeskatheadoffice.‘I’mahot-desker,whichisgoodbecauseyougettositwithdifferentpeopleinthehot-deskareas.Andyou’regivenaplacetostoreyourthings.’Headofficestaffnumbersbetween1,200and1,500people,Palmersays.ThecompanyhasfourothermainofficesintheUK.Thenatureoftheorganization,whichencompassessalesandmarketing,globalservices(thebiggestdivision),developingmarkets,researchanddevelopmentandmanufacturing,meansthattheopportunitiesatthecompanyvaryfromserviceengineerstosalesrolesandconsultants. Opportunitiesforpromotion Trainingandstaffdevelopment Apension ArewardandrecognitionschemePerksincludeafinal-salarypensionschemeandvariousdiscountschemes.Therewardandrecognitionschemeisalittledifferent,andrathernice:‘Eachmanagerhasabudgeteveryyeartorecognizeandrewardstaff,’Palmersays.‘Itcanbeintheformofamealfortwo,orabottleofwine.Itcanbeupto￡1,000.There’stherecognition,andthenthere’sputtingmoneybehindit.’Moloney,however,likesthenon-cashrewards.‘Xeroxtakescareofallitsstaffbutitalsorecognizesthepeoplewhoputintheaddedeffort,’shesays.‘Itoffersonce-in-a-lifetimeincentivetrips,andrecentlyIorganizedasailingtripfromyteam.’Theideaofworkingabroadwiththecompanyappealstoher,andshesaysthathercareergoalistobepartoftheseniormanagementteam.Here’sanotheremployee,itwouldseem,whoisinitforthelonghaul.BackTask2:Choosethebestanswer,A,BorCforquestions1-5abouttheXeroxarticle.B1.ThejournalistofthisarticlethinksthatA.staffatXeroxarenottellingthetruthaboutthecompany.B.Xeroxoffersgreatbenefitstostaff.C.peoplehaven’tworkedatXeroxlongenoughtoknowifit’sagoodcompany.A2.Wheredoesthecompanytendtofinditsnewmanagers?A.Fromexistingstaff.B.Ontrainingcourses.C.Onlyfromgraduates.C3.Whydoesn’tKimMoloneyhaveherowndesk?A.Becausesheisn’timportantenough.B.Becausethereisn’tspaceatheadoffice.C.Becausesheoftentravelsandisawayonbusiness.B4.Aswellasrecognizingitsstaffthroughpromotion,XeroxA.givescashbonuses.B.providesanumberofperks.C.givesunpaidleavetotaketripsofalifetime.C5.OnecommonfeatureofXeroxstaffisthattheytendA.toworkhard.B.togetpromoted.C.nottochangeemployer. Back1.Readtheapplicationforajob.Writetheverbinbracketsinthepastsimple,presentperfectorpresentperfectcontinuous.DearSirorMadam,I__saw__(see)youradvertforthepostofClientServicesExecutiveinyesterday'snewspaperandIwouldliketoapplyfortheposition.AsyoucanseefrommyattachedCV,I_havebeenworking___(work)formycurrentcompanyforovertwoyears.I__joined__(join)MackintyreandCoin2007andsincethen,I__havehad__(have)manyopportunitiestodevelopmyskills.However,Ihavebeenconsidering____(consider)acareerchangewithanewchallengeforanumberofmonthsandthisseemsliketheperfectmomenttomakethatmove.Iseefromrecentpressreportsthatyourcompany_hasexpanded___(expand)itsoperationsinChinaandthereforeIwouldliketodrawyourattentiontomydegreeinOrientalStudiesandMandarinwhichI_completed___(complete)in2006.CombinedwithmycurrentMBA,whichI_havebeenstudying___(study)forpart-timeatthelocaluniversity,IfeelthatIwouldbeanassettoyourcompany.Pleasealsonotethatmycurrentmanager_hasagreed_(agree)towriteareferenceandcanbecontactedon02078576785.Ilookforwardtohearingfromyou.YoursfaithfullyDanielLewisWewannaholdyourhandTakeabigpieceofbusinesssense,addsomeentrepreneurialspiritandvoila!Youhaveafranchise.Startingupafanchisecouldbeaveryclevermoveforthosewhowanttoruntheirownshowbutdon’thavetheexperienceorthedesiretosetupinthedangerousandoftenshort-livedworldofthesoletrader.Butit’svitaltoknowwhatyou’regettinginto.Franchisingis‘thegrantingofalicencebyoneperson(thefranchior)toanother(thefranchisee)whichentitlesthefranchiseetotradeunderthetrademarkortradenameofthefranchisorandtomakeuseofanentirepackage.Soisthemainconceptbehindafranchisethatofacompromisebetweensettinguponyourownandworkingforacompany?‘Absolutelynot,’saysDanArcher,headofmarketingattheBritishFranchiseAssociation.‘That’saludicrousover-simplification.Itisrunningyourownbusiness,butit’stakingawaysomeoftheriskandbringinginthesupportofotherpeople.’Hepointsoutthatonly0.9%offranchisesfail,comparedwiththemajorityofindividuallyownedbusinesses.Butbeingafranchiseeisunlikelytosatisfythemostentrepreneurial.Itdoesn’tsuitpeoplewhodon’twanttofollowthesystem.WilliamEwbank,theheadoffranchisesalesatDomino’sPizza,says,‘Ifyou’remassivelyentrepreneurialthisisn’tforyou.It’sadiscipline,aclubwithrules.Thereissomeindependence---ourfranchiseescanchargetheirownpricesalthoughwe’restrictonmenucontent.It’srunningabusinesswithhelp.’AstridPatil,anewDomino’sfranchisee,abandonedacareerasasolicitortosetupafranchisewithherhusband.Thewayshereasonsitisthis:‘Ratherthanputtingallyourtimeandeffortintoworkingforsomeoneelse,putitintoyourownbusiness.’Leavingawell-paid,well-respectedprofessiontorunapizzashopattheageof31hasworkedforPatil.There’sagoodprofitmarginandthebusinesshasseengrowth.Ofcourseifyoudodecidetogoitaloneandstartabusinessfromnothing,youcouldalwaysbranchoutintofranchising.Archersaysthereisnowagrowthinthenumberofyoungercompaniesthataretryingtolaunchnewfranchises.‘Anincrediblenumberofindividualsarecominginatayoungeragewithlowercapital,gettingareturnandinvestinginbiggerventures.’Iftheinitialfeecanberaisedit’sanidealopportunitytostretchthoseentrepreneurialwings.Back2.Nowreadaboutanothersmallbusiness.Completethetextwiththeunderlinedwordsinboldfromthearticleonfranchisingonpage26.TagsthatcanendmiseryoflostluggageGlobalbagtagwas(0)setupsixyearsagobyhusband-and-wifeteamChrisandAlisonTrueloveontheirreturnfromaholidayinAustralia.Thecoupledecidedto(1)_launch_______Globalbagtag.com,whichsellssecuretagswhichtravelersattachtotheirluggage.Theystartedto(2)____charge_______￡9.95pertaginthefirstyear,followedbya2.95subscription(3)______free_______forthefollowingyears.Customersactivatethetagonlinewiththeirhomeaddressonanonlinedatabase.Ifluggageislost,thepersonwhofindsitcanlogontotheGlobalbagtagwebsiteandreportthemissingitems.Mr.Truelovesaid:“Wehaveseenahuge(4)____growth_____inordersastravelersrealizetheycannotrelyontheairlinestolookaftertheirbags.Itisactuallyaverysimple(5)__concept_________,Globalbagtagisnowplanningto(6)_____branchout________intostickersforitemsincludingmobilephones,MP3players,keyandlaptops.”setupconceptchargelaunchbranchoutgrowthfeeWriting:Takingnotesandmessages0.‘Hello.ThisisMichaelJamesspeakingandthisisamessageforLelia.’MichaelJamescalledforLelia.(4words)1.‘I’dbegratefulifyoucouldreturnthiscallonmyhomenumber.’Callhimback_______________________.(4words)2.‘Iamcallingtoinformyouthatthenextmeetingisonhe23rd.’Pleasenote_________________________________.(8words)3.‘Wouldyoumindcheckingandlettingmeknowthefinaldates?’Pleaseconfirm___________________.(3words)4.‘IjustwantedtosaythatI’msorryforanyconfusion.’Heapologized_________________.(3words)1.Readwhatpeoplesayin1-9andwritemessages.Usewordsfromthespokenmessage.onhishomenumberthatthenextmeetingisonthe23rdthefinaldatesforanyconfusion5.‘Theclientisaskingifitwouldbepossibletoputthemeetingback.’Hecalledaboutpostponing___________.(2words)6.‘Ifyouhaveanyfurtherquestions,don’thesitatetocallme.’Feelfree____________him.(2words)7.‘Iwashopingwecouldbringtheinterviewsforward.Isthatpossibleforyou?’Areyouableto________________________?(4words)8.‘Canyouletmeknowifyouareavailabletojoinuslater?’Letherknowifyoucan___________________.(3words)9．‘I’amtelephoningwithregardtoordernumber01-X33.Iamnothappyaboutit,I’amafraid.’She’scomplainingabout____________________.(3words)themeetingtocallbringtheinterviewsforwardjoinus/themlaterordernumber01-X33Vocabulary:TypesofadvertisingmailshotsTVcommercialswordofmouthbrochures,Samplenewspaperadvertsbannersspam1.Pizzadeliveryfirmsoftendo_________inthelocalarea.It’scheapbutlotsofpeopleprobablythrowtheleafletaway.2._______________reachmillionsofpeoplebuttheyaresoexpensive.3.Itendtolistentomyfriends’recommendationsmorethananythingelseso________________isprobablythemosteffective.4.Peopleuse_________lessandlessbecausetheycanjustgoonlineiftheywanttofindoutwhat’savailable.5.It’sgreatwhenyougetafree_____becauseyoucanreallyseewhatit’slike.6.Isupposeit’sgoodifyou’relookingforajoblocallyand_________________arerelativelycheap.7.I’mnotsureabout_________.WhenIvisitawebsite,Idon’tthinkIevennoticethem.8.Itusedtoirritatemebutmynewanti-virussoftwareseemstoblockany______frommyinbox.TVcommercialswordofmouthbrochuressamplenewspaperadvertsbannersspammailshots2.Underlinethecorrectverbinthesesentences.1)ManyviewersthinktheASAshould/canstopadvertisersincreasingthevolumeonTVcommercialsbecauseitreallyannoysthem2)A:Sorry,Iforgottobringyoutheinformationyouaskedfor.B:That’sOK.Youdidn’tneedto/needn’thave.IfounditontheInternet.3)Theydon’thaveto/mustn’tusethesametrademarkasus.Iftheydo,we’llsue.4)Theirlawyersshould/musthavetoldthemnottotakeittocourtbecauseweneverheardfromthemagain.5)Hecouldn’tget/couldn’thavegotthroughwhenhetriedtocall.6)Shedidn’tneedtocomplain/needn’thavecomplainedbecauseeightotherpeoplealsodid.7)Consumersdon’thaveto/mustn’tbuytheproduct.Afterall,nobodyforcesthem!8)Theyshouldn’t/couldn’thavetriedtodefendthecase.Itwasobviousthey’dlose.Newmanagersoftenfinditdifficulttodelegatethetaskstheyusedtodo.Butgettingotherstodowhatyoudidsowellisakeytogoodmanagement. A.Tailorworktotheindividual B.Bepositive C.Giveincentives D.Definetheexpectationsandobjectives E.Delegatecompletetasks F.Letgo G.AvoidmisunderstandingReading:HowtodelegateReadtips1–7belowonhowtodelegate.WriteinthemissingheadingsA–G. 1_A___Itshouldbechallengingandmakeuseoftheirspecificskills-skillsthatyoumaynothave. 2_E___Thisismuchmoresatisfyingforthepersondelegatedtothanbitsandpieces.Ifpeoplefeeltheyhaveownershipofawholemanageableproject,theywillusuallyrisetothechallenge. 3__C__Don’tstartbysaying“Iknowyou’rereallybusyanddon’thavetimeforthis,but…”Explainwhythejobisimportantandwhyyouhavechosenthem.Alsoexplainwhattherewardsare–possiblyfinancialorpsychological. 4_D__Specifywhatresultsareneeded,thedeadline,andhowoftentheemployeeshouldupdateyou.Howtodelegate 5_G__Afteryouhavebriefedtheperson,askthemtoexplainbacktoyouwhatthey’regoingtodotoensuretheinstructionsareclear. 6_F__Don’tcheckuponthem.Makeyourselfavailabletoanswerquestionsbutallowthemspacetoworkontheirown. 7__B_Givelotsofpraise,helpfulfeedbackandconstructivecriticism.Itboostsconfidenceandsavestimenexttime.Reading:ArtatworkReadaboutacompanythatdealswithartintheworkplace.CompletetheinformationwithanswersA,B,CorD.InternationalArtConsultant(1)_____in1979,InternationalArtConsultantshasbeensourcingandcommissioningart(2)______forover25years.Wework(3)______clientsinthecorporate,hotel,healthcareandurbanregeneration(4)_______.Ourclients(5)______frommultinationalcompanieswith£1millionartbudgetstoorganizationsrentingartforjust£10aweek.A(6)______offourteen,wearesmallenoughtocareandlargeenoughtocope.A1.A.FoundedB.SetC.SinceD.LastB2.A.internationalB.worldwideC.allD.aroundD3.A.asB.inC.underD.withC4.A.divisionsB.industriesC.sectorsD.sectionsA5.A.rangeB.reportC.buyD.supplyD6.A.departmentB.buildingC.unitD.teamWeoffera(7)______combinationofcommercialexperience,specialistartknowledgeandhighqualityserviceandsupport.Whateverthesizeoftheprojectour(8)______isforallourclientstobe100%satisfiedwiththeendresult.Over75%ofourworkcomesfrom(9)______businessorreferrals.Weworkalongsideprofessionalartistswhocreateartofthehighestartisticandtechnicalquality,and(10)_____ourstaffhavedifferentareasofspecialistartknowledgeandexpertise.Wehopethatyouwill(11)______anappointmenttovisitus,lookroundthegalleries,usethevisualreferencedatabases,anddiscussyourparticularart(12)______withus.D7.A.originalB.mixC.brandD,uniqueB8.A.scopeB.aimC.outcomeD.lineD9.A.newB.rentalC.replyD.repeatB10.A.fewB.allC.moreD.anyA11.A.makeB.doC.haveD.attendC12.A.insureB.objectivesC.requirementsD.paintings Readthefirsttwoquestionsinlines1and2ofthearticleaboutmeetings.Whatwouldyouanswer? Nowreadtherestofthearticle.Inmostofthelinesthereisoneextraincorrectword.Putalinethroughtheincorrectword.Somelinesarecorrect.Forexampleline1iscorrectandline2containsanextraword.1)Doyouspendhoursinmeetings?Howoftendoyouwonderwhenyou’re2)supposedtogetsomerealworkdone?Meetingsseemtofilloutourschedules3)andmostpeoplewouldsaythatemployeeshateattendofficemeetings.‘It’s4)oneofthoseanecdotalthingsthat’ssuchhardtoquestion,’saysorganizational5)psychologistStevenG.RogelbergattheUniversityoftheNorthCarolina.‘Ithink6)it’sasocialnormtocomplainaboutyourmeetings.’ButwhenRogelbergand7)hiscolleaguesgavein980workersoneoftwoquestionnairesabouttheirtime8)spentinscheduledmeetingsandforoveralljobsatisfaction,theget-togethersReading:Meetingaregreat9)werenotuniformlycriticized.Infact,thestudysuggeststhattoavoidtheweekly10)orevendailyofficegatheringmaynotalwaysbeaboutagoodidea.Theyfound11)Thatemployeeswhoaregoal-orientatedandwhoseworkdoesnotrequiremuch12)inputdotendtobegenerallydissatisfiedwithitsmeetings.Butindividualswhose13)workdependsoninteractionwithothersandwhohavesomewhatflexible,14)unstructuredjobsareactuallymoresatisfiedthatthemoremeetingstheyattend.Vocabulary:VerbcollocationsCompletethesesentencesaboutorfrommeetingswithasuitableverbbelow.setgivemoveholdgotakerunseeattendreach1.I’dliketo______abriefmeetingnextweek.DoyouhaveanytimeonMonday?2.Asthechairperson,Mikewill________themeeting.3.I______yourpointbutthere’soneproblemwithit.4.It’sanothermemofromthebosstellingmeto______anotherofhismeetings.5.Who_______theagendaforthis?Itdoesn’tseemtobecomplete.6.CanIaskyouto______minutesonthismeeting?7.Ithinkweshould_______ontothenextitemontheagenda.8.I’mnotsureIcancompletely_______alongwithyouonthatpoint.9.Theaimisto______anagreementonthisbyfouro’clock.10.We’llbeginwithHenrykwho’ll______usashortpresentationonhisprogress.holdrunseeattendsettakemovegoreachgiveNotsoldonsales?‘Hi,Iworkinsales.’notagreatconversationopener,isit?NotlikebeingafighterpilotoradirectorofMedecinssansFrontieres,forexample.Unfortunately,ajobinsalescan’tquiteshakeoffitsunglamorousimageorassociationswithsomethingratherdishonest.Thisallmeansrecruitmentproblemsforgraduateemployees.Ontheotherhand,marketing&n