2016新课标三维人教英语 选修八
Section_ⅢGrammar
—
_现在完成进行时
语法图解
探究发现
①Well, we've been finding the bones of tigers and bears in the caves, and we think these were their most dangerous enemies.
②It has been raining since last week.
③He has been writing a novel, which will be finished next month.
④He has written a novel, which is being prepared to come out now.
⑤I have been visiting my hometown recently, and it impresses me differently each time. ⑥I have visited my hometown recently, whose changes have left a deep impression on me.
⑦Recently she has always been helping me.
⑧Recently she has helped me a lot.
[我的发现]
(1)由句①②③看出现在完成进行时的构成形式为:
(2)
(3)比较句⑤⑥,现在完成进行时强调动作的重复,现在完成时可以表示一次性动作。
(4)
一、现在完成进行时
1.基本含义:表示一个在过去开始而在最近刚刚结束的动作;表示一个从过去开始但仍在进行的动作;表示一个从过去开始延续到现在,可以包括现在在内的一个阶段内,重复发生的动作,通常表示一种感情色彩(关切、惊异、愤怒、赞许等)。
2.基本结构:have/has been doing
We have been waiting for you for half an hour.(动作刚结束)
我们一直等了你半个小时。
The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years. (动作还将继续下去)
中国有2 000年的造纸历史。
I have been learning English since three years ago.(动作还将继续下去)
自从三年前以来我一直在学英语。
You have been coughing a lot lately. (关切)
近来你一直咳嗽。
Too much has been happening today. (感慨)
今天真是个多事的日子啊。
He has always been studying hard. (赞许)
他学习一直很刻苦。
[名师点津] 现在完成进行时的特点:
(1)兼具现在完成时及现在进行时的特点;(2)可以表示某一动作对现在产生的结果或影响;(3)也可以表示某一动作的延续性、临时性、重复性、生动性及感情色彩。
[即时演练1] 补全句子 ①(2016·江苏高考改编)Dashan, who has_been_learning crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition.
大山学习相声——中国的传统喜剧形式——数十年了,他想把中国相声与西方的单口相声融合起来。
②(2016·北京高考改编)-Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for? —The new StarWars——打扰一下,你们在等着看哪部电影?
——新版的《星球大战》。我们已经在这里等了两个多小时了。
③(2014·湖南高考改编)Since the time humankind started gardening, we
自从人类从事园艺以来,我们就一直试图将我们的环境打造得更美丽。
④(2014·江西高考改编)—Tony, why are your eyes red? —
——汤尼,你的眼睛怎么通红?
——刚才切了五分钟的辣椒。
二、现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别
1.现在完成时强调动作的完成,而现在完成进行时强调动作的延续或反复,因此,表示动作的完成,只能用现在完成时,而不能用现在完成进行时。
I have written a book.(动作已经完成)
我已经写了一本书。
They have been building a bridge.(动作还将继续下去)
他们一直在建造一座桥。
2.现在完成时强调动作行为的结果、影响,而现在完成进行时只强调动作行为本身。 The repairman has been repairing the car all the afternoon.
一整个下午,这位修理工一直在修车。 The repairman has repaired your car, and you can have it now.
修理工已修好了你的车,现在你可以把它开走。
[即时演练2] 根据汉语提示,在下列句中填入正确的时态
①The manager has_been_telling (tell) the workers how to improve the program since 9 am.
自从上午9点经理就一直在告诉工人们如何改善这一
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。 ② It is reported that the project has_already_been_completed (complete).
据报道工程已被完成。
三、有些动词不能用于现在完成进行时,但可用于现在完成时,这些动词为:
状态动词:be, have, exist;
情感动词:like, love, hate;
感觉动词:see, hear, know, feel, sound;
短暂性动词:finish, marry, get up, come, go 等。
I have known him for years.
我认识他已经好几年了。 They have finished the work.
他们已经完成了这份工作。
[即时演练3] 用所给词的适当形式填空
①There has_existed (exist) an old temple since the Ming Dynasty. ②I have_been_teaching (teach) English for almost twenty years, and I will step in another new teaching year.
③He hasn't_felt (not feel) himself since yesterday.
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.2.in it. 3.4.5
.
6.7.mud all the morning. 8.Ⅱ.单句写作 1.我们一整个下午一直在打扫教室。 2.她一贯是这样工作的。 3.,but I haven't finished it. 这本书我已经读了两个小时了,但我还没读完。 4.最近我们一直经常见面。 5. 他去北京了。 6.他参军三年了。
7. 他还没有找到他的钢笔。 8.他离开中国三年了。 9.我认识他们五年了。
10.
他们两个人十天前来到香港。 Ⅲ.语法填空
single-in school, and his mother often worried about his future.
As a small child, he (show) a special sensitivity towards music. His mother enrolled Jay in piano lessons when he was three years old. Jay practiced piano beautifully, 即兴创作) many songs.
Jacky Wu discovered that Jay had a musical talent (天赋) after seeing his composition in a competition. Jacky hired Jay to compose songs for various artists. Shortly after, Jay
Chinese and Western music styles to produce songs. It wasn't until years later Jay himself became a singer. music has gained (recognize) throughout Asia. His popularity sky-rocketed and he soulful lyrics (歌词) and his melodies (曲调). As his fan, I (enjoy) the music interpreted by him. What else Jay has in store for us is still to be seen. 语篇解读:本文介绍了歌手周杰伦的音乐之路以及他取得的成就。
1.on 在具体的某一天常用介词on。
2.and 并列连词and连接两个形容词“shy”和“quiet”。
3.showed 根据As a small child可知。
4.reached 根据下文could improvise可知。
5.combining 现在分词短语combining ...在句中作状语,主语Jay与它之间为主动关系。
6.that It was ...that ...为强调句式。
7.has been releasing since then作状语,句子要用完成时,又根据句意可知此处表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作,要用现在完成进行时。
8.recognition 作gained的宾语,要用名词形式。
9.has received 根据情境和句子结构可知,此处应用现在完成时。
10.have been enjoying 句意:作为他的粉丝,我一直喜欢他的音乐。