Delphi 技术卡片

Delphi Technical Reference Card VII GulfCoastal.bizland.com Symbolic constant name | Value (hexadecimal) | | Mouse/keyboard equivalent | | | VK_LBUTTON 01 Left mouse button VK_RBUTTON 02 Right mouse button VK_CANCEL 03 Control−break processing VK_MBUTTON 04 Middle mouse button 05−07 Undefined VK_BACK 08 BACKSPACE key VK_TAB 09 TAB key 0A−0B Undefined VK_CLEAR 0C CLEAR key VK_RETURN 0D ENTER key 0E−0F Undefined VK_SHIFT 10 SHIFT key VK_CONTROL 11 CTRL key VK_MENU 12 ALT key VK_PAUSE 13 PAUSE key VK_CAPITAL 14 CAPS LOCK key 15−19 Resv Kanji systems 1A Undefined VK_ESCAPE 1B ESC key 1C−1F Resv Kanji systems VK_SPACE 20 SPACEBAR VK_PRIOR 21 PAGE UP key VK_NEXT 22 PAGE DOWN key VK_END 23 END key VK_HOME 24 HOME key VK_LEFT 25 LEFT ARROW key VK_UP 26 UP ARROW key VK_RIGHT 27 RIGHT ARROW key VK_DOWN 28 DOWN ARROW key VK_SELECT 29 SELECT key 2A OEM specific VK_EXECUTE 2B EXECUTE key VK_SNAPSHOT 2C Print Screen key VK_INSERT 2D INS key VK_DELETE 2E DEL key VK_HELP 2F HELP key VK_0 30 0 key VK_1 31 1 key VK_2 32 2 key VK_3 33 3 key VK_4 34 4 key VK_5 35 5 key VK_6 36 6 key VK_7 37 7 key VK_8 38 8 key VK_9 39 9 key 3A−5A Undefined VK_LWIN 5B Left Windows key (MS Keybd) VK_RWIN 5C Right Windows key (MS Keybd) VK_APPS 5D Applications key (MS Keybd) 5E−5F Undefined VK_NUMPAD0 60 Numeric keypad 0 key VK_NUMPAD1 61 Numeric keypad 1 key VK_NUMPAD2 62 Numeric keypad 2 key VK_NUMPAD3 63 Numeric keypad 3 key VK_NUMPAD4 64 Numeric keypad 4 key VK_NUMPAD5 65 Numeric keypad 5 key VK_NUMPAD6 66 Numeric keypad 6 key VK_NUMPAD7 67 Numeric keypad 7 key VK_NUMPAD8 68 Numeric keypad 8 key VK_NUMPAD9 69 Numeric keypad 9 key VK_MULTIPLY 6A Multiply key VK_ADD 6B Add key Symbolic constant name | Value (hexadecimal) | | Mouse/keyboard equivalent | | | VK_SEPARATOR 6C Separator key VK_SUBTRACT 6D Subtract key VK_DECIMAL 6E Decimal key VK_DIVIDE 6F Divide key VK_F1 70 F1 key VK_F2 71 F2 key VK_F3 72 F3 key VK_F4 73 F4 key VK_F5 74 F5 key VK_F6 75 F6 key VK_F7 76 F7 key VK_F8 77 F8 key VK_F9 78 F9 key VK_F10 79 F10 key VK_F11 7A F11 key VK_F12 7B F12 key VK_F13 7C F13 key VK_F14 7D F14 key VK_F15 7E F15 key VK_F16 7F F16 key VK_F17 80H F17 key VK_F18 81H F18 key VK_F19 82H F19 key VK_F20 83H F20 key VK_F21 84H F21 key VK_F22 85H F22 key VK_F23 86H F23 key VK_F24 87H F24 key 88−8F Unassigned VK_NUMLOCK 90 NUM LOCK key VK_SCROLL 91 SCROLL LOCK key 92−B9 Unassigned BA−C0 OEM specific C1−DA Unassigned DB−E4 OEM specific E5 Unassigned E6 OEM specific E7−E8 Unassigned E9−F5 OEM specific VK_ATTN F6 Attn key VK_CRSEL F7 CrSel key VK_EXSEL F8 ExSel key VK_EREOF F9 Erase EOF key VK_PLAY FA Play key VK_ZOOM FB Zoom key VK_NONAME FC Reserved for future use. VK_PA1 FD PA1 key VK_OEM_CLEAR FE Clear key FF Unassigned File: FPath := GetCurrentDir; OpenDialog1.InitialDir := FPath; ExtractFileDrive('') C: ExtractFileDir('') C:\ ExtractFilePath('') C:\\ ExtractFileName('') fname.ext ExtractFileExt('') .ext ExtractFilePath(Application.ExeName) app path DirectoryExists('') [use FileCtrl] CreateDir('') OpenDialog1.Filter := 'Text Files (*.txt)|*.txt|All (*.*)|*.*'; OpenDialog1.FilterIndex := 1; List .txt files OpenDialog1.Execute; Format Strings: Format('%.3d', []); '004' Format('%2.2d%2.2d%4d', [1,1,2000]); '01012000' Format('%.0n', []); '1,234,567' Format('%.2n', []); '12,345.68' Format('%m', []); '$12.35' Format('%x', []); '2B' Format('%p', []); '8 chr adr' Format('%s string.', ['Some']); 'Some string.' Format('{%−4.3s} {%4.2s}', ['L123', 'R123']); '{L12 } { R1}' Format('%2:s %1:s %0:s', ['1st', '2nd', '3rd']); '3rd 2nd 1st' Format('{%*.*f}', [, , 100*PI]); '{ 314.1593}' FloatToStrF(123.45, ffFixed, ,); '123.5' FormatMaskText('0−00−00;0;_', '12345');'1−23−45' FormatFloat('#00,000.0##', 1234.400); '01,234.4' Date/Time Formats: FormatDateTime('mm/dd/yyyy', Now); '09/07/2000' FormatDateTime('hh:n:ss', Now); '09:5:59' FormatDateTime('', Now); 7/29/00 5:24:08 PM; 7; 07; Jul; July; 1;

01; Sun; Sunday; 7/9/00; Sunday, July 09, 2000; 00; 2000; 9; 09; 7; 07; 9; 09; 5:38 PM; 5:38:28 PM; pm; a; PM; /; <:> : String Manipulation: Chr(); Copy(, , ); CompareStr(, ); Delete(, , ); IntToStr(); Insert(, , ); Length(); Pos('', ); SetLength(, ); StringOfChar('', ); StrPas(); StrPCopy(); StrToInt(); StrToIntDef(, ); StrTo(); ToStr(); ??? = Float, Currency, Date, Time, DateTime StringReplace(, '', '', [rfReplaceAll]); Trim(); trim l/r blanks TrimLeft(); trim left blanks TrimRight(); trim right blanks LowerCase(); UpperCase(); UpCase(); Sets: ThisSet : set of byte; [0−255] ThisSet := [1, 2, 3, 7]; initialize to 1,2,3,7 ThisSet := ThisSet − [3]; exclude number 3 ThisSet := ThisSet + [5]; include number 5 ThisSet := []; purge all numbers if 7 in ThisSet ... Pointer: Pt : pointer; CharSet := 'AbCd'; Data : string; Pt := @CharSet; Data := PChar(Pt^); Data = 'AbCd' Data := PChar(Pt^)[0]; Data = 'A' Math Expressions: Absolute value: x := Abs(x); Addition: x := y + z; Address of operator: ptr := @ThisRecord; Array subscript operator: x := ThisArray[5]; Assignment: x := 10; Bitwise AND: x := x AND $02; Bitwise NOT: x := x AND NOT $02; Bitwise OR: x := x OR $FF; Bitwise SHL: x := x SHL $02; Bitwise SHR: x := x SHR $02; Bitwise XOR: x := x XOR y; Decrement: Dec(x); Dec(x, 2); Equal to: if (x = 10) ... Fraction return: x := Frac(x); Greater than or equal to: if (x >= 10) ... Greater than: if (x > 10) ... Hex value operator: x := $FF; Increment: Inc(x); Inc(x, 2); Integer division: x := y Div 10; Less than or equal to: if (x <= 10) ... Less than: if (x < 10) ... Logical AND: if (x = 1) And (y = 2).. Logical NOT: if Not Valid then ... Logical OR: if (x = 1) Or (y = 2)... Maximum number return: x := Max(x, y); Membership (dot) operator: x := Record.Data; Minimum number return: x := Min(x, y); Multiplication: x := y * z; Not equal to: if (x <> 10) ... Odd number: if Odd(9) ... Ord: x := Ord(''); Pi: x := Pi; Pointer operator: ThisObject.Data^; Real division: x := y / 3.14; Remainder: x := y Mod 2; Round to negative: x := Floor(x); Round to positive: x := Ceil(x); Square: x := Sqr(x); Square root: x := Sqrt(x); Subtraction: x := y − z; Return integer rounded toward zero: FloatValue := Int(Real); Discard decimals and return Integer: Int64Value := Trunc(Real); Round to the nearest whole number: Int64Value := Round(Real); Numeric Variables: Type Size Range of Values Boolean 1 True or False Byte 1 0 to 255 Cardinal 4 0 to 4,294,967,295 Char 1 0 to 255 Comp 8 −9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to 9,223,372,036,854,775,807 Currency 8 −922,337,203,685,477.5808 to 922,337,203,685,477.5807 Double 8 5.0 ¥ 10−324 to 1.7 ¥ 10308 Extended 10 3.4 ¥ 10−4932 to 1.1 ¥ 104932 Int64 8 −9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to 9,223,372,036,854,775,807 Integer 4 −2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647 LongInt 4 −2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647 LongWord 4 0 to 4,294,967,295 Real 8 5.0 ¥ 10−324 to 1.7 ¥ 10308 ShortInt 1 −128 to 127 Single 4 1.5 ¥ 10−45 to 3.4 ¥ 1038 SmallInt 2 −32,768 to 32,767 WideChar 2 0 to 65,535 Word 2 0 to 65,535 Variant 16 All above Delphi Technical Reference Card VII GulfCoastal.hypermart.net # $ Dec Hex Fn Binary Dec Hex Fn Binary 00 00 0000 0000 64 40 @ 0100 0000 01 01 0000 0001 65 41 A 0100 0001 02 02 0000 0010 66 42 B 0100 0010 03 03 0000 0011 67 43 C 0100 0011 04 04 0000 0100 68 44 D 0100 0100 05 05 0000 0101 69 45 E 0100 0101 06 06 0000 0110 70 46 F 0100 0110 07 07 BE 0000 0111 71 47 G 0100 0111 08 08 BK 0000 1000 72 48 H 0100 1000 09 09 TAB 0000 1001 73 49 I 0100 1001 10 0A LF 0000 1010 74 4A J 0100 1010 11 0B VT 0000 1011 75 4B K 0100 1011 12 0C FF 0000 1100 76 4C L 0100 1100 13 0D CR 0000 1101 77 4D M 0100 1101 14 0E 0000 1110 78 4E N 0100 1110 15 0F 0000 1111 79 4F O 0100 1111 16 10 0001 0000 80 50 P 0101 0000 17 11 0001 0001 81 51 Q 0100 0001 18 12 0001 0010 82 52 R 0101 0010 19 13 0001 0011 83 53 S 0101 0011 20 14 0001 0100 84 54 T 0101 0100 21 15 0001 0101 85 55 U 0101 0101 22 16 0001 0110 86 56 V 0101 0110 23 17 0001 0111 87 57 W 0101 0111 24 18 0001 1000 88 58 X 0101 1000 25 19 0001 1001 89 59 Y 0101 1001 26 1A EOF 0001 1010 90 5A Z 0101 1010 27 1B ESC 0001 1011 91 5B [ 0101 1011 28 1C 0001 1100 92 5C \ 0101 1100 29 1D 0001 1101 93 5D ] 0101 1101 30 1E 0001 1110 94 5E ^ 0101 1110 31 1F 0001 1111 95 5F _ 0101 1111 32 20 SP 0010 0000 96 60 ` 0110 0000 33 21 ! 0010 0001 97 61 a 0110 0001 34 22 " 0010 0010 98 62 b 0110 0010 35 23 # 0010 0011 99 63 c 0110 0011 36 24 $ 0010 0100 100 64 d 0110 0100 37 25 % 0010 0101 101 65 e 0110 0101 38 26 & 0010 0110 102 66 f 0110 0110 39 27 ' 0010 0111 103 67 g 0110 0111 40 28 ( 0010 1000 104 68 h 0110 1000 41 29 ) 0010 1001 105 69 i 0110 1001 42 2A * 0010 1010 106 6A j 0110 1010 43 2B + 0010 1011 107 6B k 0110 1011 44 2C , 0010 1100 108 6C l 0110 1100 45 2D − 0010 1101 109 6D m 0110 1101 46 2E . 0010 1110 110 6E n 0110 1110 47 2F / 0010 1111 111 6F o 0110 1111 48 30 0 0011 0000 112 70 p 0111 0000 49 31 1 0011 0001 113 71 q 0111 0001 50 32 2 0011 0010 114 72 r 0111 0010 51 33 3 0011 0011 115 73 s 0111 0011 52 34 4 0011 0100 116 74 t 0111 0100 53 35 5 0011 0101 117 75 u 0111 0101 54 36 6 0011 0110 118 76 v 0111 0110 55 37 7 0011 0111 119 77 w 0111 0111 56 38 8 0011 1000 120 78 x 0111 1000 57 39 9 0011 1001 121 79 y 0111 1001 58 3A : 0011 1010 122 7A z 0111 1010 59 3B ; 0011 1011 123 7B { 0111 1011 60 3C < 0011 1100 124 7C | 0111 1100 61 3D = 0011 1101 125 7D } 0111 1101 62 3E > 0011 1110 126 7E ~ 0111 1110 63 3F ? 0011 1111 127 7F 0111 1111 (Fn:Courier) (BE:Bell BK:BackSpace TAB:Tab LF:LineFeed VT:VerticalTab FF:FormFeed CR:CarriageReturn EOF:EndOfFile ESC:Escape SP:space [#13#10:LineBreak]) Dec Hex Fn Binary Dec Hex Fn Binary 128 80 1000 0000 192 C0 À 1100 0000 129 81 1000 0001 193 C1 Á 1100 0001 130 82 1000 0010 194 C2 Â 1100 0010 131 83 1000 0011 195 C3 Ã 1100 0011 132 84 1000 0100 196 C4 Ä 1100 0100 133 85 1000 0101 197 C5 Å 1100 0101 134 86 1000 0110 198 C6 Æ 1100 0110 135 87 1000 0111 199 C7 Ç 1100 0111 136 88 1000 1000 200 C8 È 1100 1000 137 89 1000 1001 201 C9 É 1100 1001 138 8A 1000 1010 202 CA Ê 1100 1010 139 8B 1000 1011 203 CB Ë 1100 1011 140 8C 1000 1100 204 CC Ì 1100 1100 141 8D 1000 1101 205 CD Í 1100 1101 142 8E 1000 1110 206 CE Î 1100 1110 143 8F 1000 1111 207 CF Ï 1100 1111 144 90 1001 0000 208 D0 Ð 1101 0000 145 91 1001 0001 209 D1 Ñ 1101 0001 146 92 1001 0010 210 D2 Ò 1101 0010 147 93 1001 0011 211 D3 Ó 1101 0011 148 94 1001 0100 212 D4 Ô 1101 0100 149 95 1001 0101 213 D5 Õ 1101 0101 150 96 1001 0110 214 D6 Ö 1101 0110 151 97 1001 0111 215 D7 × 1101 0111 152 98 1001 1000 216 D8 Ø 1101 1000 153 99 1001 1001 217 D9 Ù 1101 1001 154 9A 1001 1010 218 DA Ú 1101 1010 155 9B 1001 1011 219 DB Û 1101 1011 156 9C 1001 1100 220 DC Ü 1101 1100 157 9D 1001 1101 221 DD Ý 1101 1101 158 9E 1001 1110 222 DE Þ 1101 1110 159 9F 1001 1111 223 DF ß 1101 1111 160 A0 1010 0000 224 E0 à 1110 0000 161 A1 ¡ 1010 0001 225 E1 á 1110 0001 162 A2 ¢ 1010 0010 226 E2 â 1110 0010 163 A3 £ 1010 0011 227 E3 ã 1110 0011 164 A4 ¤ 1010 0100 228 E4 ä 1110 0100 165 A5 ¥ 1010 0101 229 E5 å 1110 0101 166 A6 ¦ 1010 0110 230 E6 æ 1110 0110 167 A7 § 1010 0111 231 E7 ç 1110 0111 168 A8 ¨ 1010 1000 232 E8 è 1110 1000 169 A9 © 1010 1001 233 E9 é 1110 1001 170 AA ª 1010 1010 234 EA ê 1110 1010 171 AB « 1010 1011 235 EB ë 1110 1011 172 AC ¬ 1010 1100 236 EC ì 1110 1100 173 AD 1010 1101 237 ED í 1110 1101 174 AE ® 1010 1110 238 EE î 1110 1110 175 AF ¯ 1010 1111 239 EF ï 1110 1111 176 B0 ° 1011 0000 240 F0 ð 1111 0000 177 B1 ± 1011 0001 241 F1 ñ 1111 0001 178 B2 ² 1011 0010 242 F2 ò 1111 0010 179 B3 ³ 1011 0011 243 F3 ó 1111 0011 180 B4 ´ 1011 0100 244 F4 ô 1111 0100 181 B5 µ 1011 0101 245 F5 õ 1111 0101 182 B6 ¶ 1011 0110 246 F6 ö 1111 0110 183 B7 · 1011 0111 247 F7 ÷ 1111 0111 184 B8 ¸ 1011 1000 248 F8 ø 1111 1000 185 B9 ¹ 1011 1001 249 F9 ù 1111 1001 186 BA º 1011 1010 250 FA ú 1111 1010 187 BB » 1011 1011 251 FB û 1111 1011 188 BC ¼ 1011 1100 252 FC ü 1111 1100 189 BD ½ 1011 1101 253 FD ý 1111 1101 190 BE 1011 1110 254 FE þ 1111 1110 191 BF ¿ 1011 1111 255 FF ÿ 1111 1111 (Fn:Courier) v7.20 Bitwise Operations: [Byte: 1111 0000 Mask Order: 7654 3210] Byte OR (1 SHL 0); set bit 1 (1111 0001) Byte AND (NOT (1 SHL 5)); zero bit 6 (1101 0000) Byte XOR (1 SHL 7); toggle bit 8 (0111 0000) IF Bite AND (1 SHL 4) <> 0 ... test if bit 5 set [Byte: 1111 0000 Mask Order: 8421 8421] Byte OR $01; set bit 1 (1111 0001) Byte AND (NOT $20); zero bit 6 (1101 0000) Byte XOR $80; toggle bit 8 (0111 0000) IF Bite AND $10 <> 0 ... test if bit 5 set For/While/Case Instructions: for I := 0 to 9 do begin... for I := 9 downto 1 do begin... while I < 100 do begin... case ANumber of 1 : do this...; 2 : begin...end; case AString of 'a', 'c'..'z' : do this...; Messages: MessageBox(0, '',pchar('