英国体育发展模式

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Conceptually, sports development has become an important investment used to cultivate active citizens, while the government’s strategy for developing sports has been changed into supporting social autonomy and emphasizing its cooperation with non-governmental organizations. In terms of practice, the government’s cooperation with non-governmental organizations bases its preconditions on governmental institution reform and supporting the development of non-governmental organizations, mainly includes equal policy negotiation, organization coordination and cooperation, government contract purchase and volunteer service encouragement. The transformation of the con- temporary British sport development mode is a round of system reform in which fairness and efficiency are both taken into account. Its experiences are significant for actively enlightening sport reform in China. 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ʹᤂү<�>Ǎᅌᅋ̆नԧڎࠒళ౏̡ҧᠫູὊ۲ЩЈቨ֗ ᭟࠶ࣲੇ˞ʹᐲԧ࡙஋ኖᄊ͖ЏᄬಖὊᔮڎʹᐲԧ࡙ᄊ ေ᝷വی˷ႀ͜ፒʹᐲԧ࡙ᤌ፞ʹᣁԫ˞ሥౝ಴౶<��>Ǎ ᄱඋ͜ፒᤌ፞ʹവیᥖ॰ʹᐲᑟҧ̰Ͱ҂ᰴᄊԧ࡙ᮋ ऀὊሥౝ಴౶വیूូߦ˸ᄊͻၹὊԁ̿ߦಣʹᐲ˞۳ ᆩὊᤰ᣿ଢΙ̰ᇫӝʹᐲ҂ድᔮʹᐲˀՏࡏ൓ે፞ˀல ᄊ۲ᝫ఻͘Ὂ౏ΎНඟᖍ४ᄱऄᄊʹᐲᑟҧὊ̰ᏫΎН ඟఞ˞ሥౝڡԠˁ҂Պ˔ࡏ൓ᄊʹᐲำү˗ԝǍ� � � � � ʹᐲԧ࡙ੇ˞ᇫ͘આᠫᄊ͖ҹښ̆὘ኄʷὊڎࠒ ࠫʹᐲԧ࡙ᄊઆКˀг௧ӭጦþᣥᛞÿὊᤇ᜶ሥౝþᤵ ᛞÿǍ˗ ܽ஋ऊښʹᐲᤂүʽඈ �ᔮ᪢ᄊ᠉஋આКὊ࠲ ̗ၷ � ᔮ᪢ᄊሰஆ<��>Ǎኄ̄Ὂᤰ᣿ʹᐲԧ࡙౏ܙҫڎ ࠒᄊᇫ͘ᠫవǍښ᠒ڈڡӝᄊ᭟࠶ࣲᡜုᮊᄬ˗Ὂඈ આК �ᔮ᪢࠲͘Ύेڡᇫӝᤰ᣿ѓ࠶᭟࠶ࣲڄ͗ఒҧ Ꮻ̗ၷ � ᔮ᪢ᄊ͉ϙ<��>ǍኄʼὊᤰ᣿ʹᐲԧ࡙ѓ࠶ڎ ࠒښХ߲ᇫ͘ᮗ۫ᄊઆКǍᔮڎඈࣲښ଍҄ڎඟᐪᑃ ᫈ᮥʽᄊᄰଌᔉᠠ˞ �� ̣ᔮ᪢Ὂݠ౧ᐪᑃˀᜂద஍଍ ҄Ὂᤈʷ஝ߚ࠲͘ښ ���� ࣲᏢ႗<��>Ǎ঴˨Ὂᇫ͘આᠫ ࠲ʹᐲԧ࡙ᄊᇫ͘ˁፃเੇѬద఻ፇՌᡑ౏Ὂ଎ү̀ ڎࠒᇫ֗͘ፃเᄊөូԧ࡙Ǎ� �����Ңᬓᑰᥠ᥻ࠄ⼒Ӯ㞾⊏� � � � � ஋ऊኮေʹᐲᄊவर௧ᬤᅌ஋ऊˁʹᐲНС఩Ҭ ᄊТጇˀலԫӑǍНС఩Ҭڎదӑ௑రὊႀ̆஋ऊ݋ ᛡќেள˟˧ਫ਼˟सᄊڎࠒࣰᮕ஋ኖὊ࠮ᒱ̀஋ऊࠫ ʹᐲНС఩Ҭᮗ۫ᄊᄰଌኮေὙНС఩Ҭ࣊ڤӑ௑రὊ ஋ऊᤰ᣿ू҄ভቤಖ኎੤඀࠲ʹᐲНС఩Ҭ଎Ք࣊ ڤὊδેᅌࠫʹᐲНС఩Ҭ࣊ڤᄊిޏኮ҄ǍழࢺЗ ੰ஋ՑὊᙊཀྵण፞̀δ߶З࣊ڤӑஈ᭩ᄊᦊѬ஋ኖὊ ͮˁδ߶ЗˀՏᄊ௧஋ऊࣳˀ࠭රኮေᇫ͘వᢶὊᏫ ௧ᤰ᣿ஃે˔̡ˁНС఻౞ᄊᒭੈኮေ౏ˁ஋ऊᄊᄬ ಖδેʷᒱ<��>Ǎ� ࡊኮ˗ܽ஋ऊښʹᐲԧ࡙˗Κཀྵδેᅌ˟࠮ڡͯὊ ኄ �ర� ෋௴ฉ὘े̽ᔮڎʹᐲԧ࡙വरᄊᣁԫ� 57 ଍҄ᅌᝬ̃ெሮ֗࠭රᄱऄॖ־Х߲ጸጻᄊᛡ˞<��>Ὂͮ ஋ऊఞ˟सᤰ᣿ஃેᇫ͘ᒭ෵౏ࠄဘНСʹᐲኮေǍ ஋ऊࠄᛡᇫ͘ᒭ෵ᄊ۳వԔѷ௧ిѾˁ᠊͊ᄊࠫ኎Ǎ ݠ౧ඟᫎጸጻᜂ᝽௚௅ᑟࠄဘ஋ऊᄊᄬಖὊԡᑟॢݞ ڡ̰త۳ᆩ҂తᰴඵࣱԝԧ̵࡙̓ᄊᤂүᮊᄬὊ࠲ᖍ ४ఞܳᄊ஋ऊՌՏὙݠ౧ඟᫎጸጻˀᑟ໘ᡜᤈ̏᜶රὊ ˁ஋ऊኤᝡᄊՌՏ࠲ᜂ᧘ழࠆಊ<��>ǍښኮေவขʽὊ ஋ऊᤰ᣿ᤂၹࠆᝠnjಖీߦ˸njНС఩Ҭөᝬnjᄬಖ ᝺ࠀnj፛஍ក͉֗฾᧚኎ʷጇѵழᄊНСኮေ੿షὊ ౏ᆸδඟᫎጸጻࠄဘᒭੈኮေ̿ԣ߲ࠫ̓ᄊᒭੈኮေ ᤉᛡԦনভᄣ଍Ǎ� �����ҢⳌѦ䰤ࠊࠄӭԈড়԰� ӭʷᄊʹᐲНС఩ҬΙፌவरὊΎ४НС఩ҬՊ Ιፌ˟ʹ˨ᫎܫ̆ᄱ̉ᬍ҄ᄊ࿄গὊˀᑟॎੇՌҧǍ НС఩Ҭڎదӑ௑రὊ஋ऊᄰଌੇ˞ʹᐲНС఩Ҭᄊ ଢΙᏨὊඟᫎጸጻᄊၷߛቇᫎԪ҂̀ౝܸᄊᬍ҄Ὂ̿ ᒰ̆þښᥧʷ௑రὊඟ͕ᦐਖᝀˀ҂஡ʹ͔ᫌඟᫎጸ ጻᄊߛښÿ<��>ὙНС఩Ҭ࣊ڤӑ௑రὊНन࣊ڤરಖ Ύ४஋ऊ֗ඟᫎጸጻੇ˞ቤ̂ࠫ੤ὊཀྵᏫˁሓ̡ጸጻ ᄱඋὊᤈːᏨᦐ෥ద஍ဋʽᄊ͖ҹǍښ ���� ࣲ˗ܽ஋ ऊ࠲ू҄ভቤಖࠄஷ҂ڡவᤂүˁޡ˭᝺ஷ፥ઐՑᄊ �˔థὊጞ ���ᄊՌՏᜂሓ̡͍ˊᖍ४<��>Ǎ� � � � � ˁδ߶ЗԶूូ࣊ڤቤ̂֗఩Ҭ᠏᧚ˀՏᄊ௧Ὂ ழࢺЗϚՔ̆ᤰ᣿஋ऊnjሓ̡ᦊ᫃njඟᫎጸጻ֗Нඟथ ቡ͗ͧТጇ੍֗႕ՏᄪᐏՌଢΙНС఩ҬǍᬔ̀ፙ፞ԧ ૙஋ऊ֗ሓ̡ᦊ᫃ᄊͻၹὊழࢺЗ࠲ฌਓҧੱ࡙҂̀ᇫ ͘ᤈʷࡏ᭧ʽὊં ඟᫎጸጻᄺͻ௧஋ऊˁ˔̡˨ᫎᄊೄ ್֗ጱࣜ̿ԣþТጇጋࠛᄊࠒऑ֗Ԫ௚అ஋ऊஃેᄊН С఻౞ÿ<��>Ǎˁ ஋ऊ᧔ԩ̞ඟᫎጸጻ஋෵ቡڤʷᒱᄊ௧Ὂ ᔮڎʹᐲхኖᦊ᫃˷ਓគ҂Ὂþ̰ڡவπ˭ᦊ҂ /(# ᄊඟᫎጸጻὊଢΙᅌܸ᧚᭤ᰴඵࣱ᛫໦ᄊʹᐲԠˁ఻ ͘Ὂ˷ ௧ʷ˔ਫ਼దඵࣱʹᐲᤂүТ᪄ভᄊଢΙࣱԼÿ<�>Ὂ ࠲ඟᫎጸጻᆸࠀ˞ࠄဘᔮڎʹᐲԧ࡙ဘ̽ӑᄊʷ˔Т ᪄ᦊ᫃Ὂࣳˁඟᫎጸጻ࡙न̀Л᭧ᄊՌͻࠄ᡻Ǎ� � ���ᔧҷ㣅೑ԧ㚆থሩ῵ᓣ䕀বⱘᅲ䏉� �����ᬓᑰᴎᵘᬍ䴽� ஋ऊ఻౞ஈ᭩ᄊᄬᄊ௧ᤰ᣿ࠫ஋ऊᐌᑟᦊ᫃ᄊូ டὊ܈ᤵʷ˔þదᬍÿ֗þద஍ÿᄊ஋ऊǍ�� ˇጢ �� ࣲ̽ఴరὊᔮڎ஋ऊࠫʹᐲᐌᑟᦊ᫃ᤉᛡ̀ʷڤ̿х ኖˁੰᛡѬन˞಩ॷᄊ఻౞ஈ᭩ὊХЦʹଐஷ௧ښ஡ ӑnj͜޵֗ʹᐲᦊ %$.4 ˗᝺ቡႀᰴጟНҬրጸੇᄊ ஋ኖՃ౏᠇᠊ʹᐲᄱТ஋ኖᄊ֧វ֗҄ࠀὊ࠲ᔮڎʹ ᐲေ̃͘ 6,�4QPSU ֗ᔮಫРʹᐲေ̃͘ 4QPSU�&OHMBOE ኎᭤஋ऊНСኮေ఻౞ /%1# ᆸࠀ˞ʹᐲ஋ኖᄊੰᛡ ఻౞Ǎ%$.4ࠫੰᛡ఻౞ࠄஷՌՏኮေnjᝠѳኮေ֗஋ ҬНनὙੰ ᛡ఻౞ࠄᛡᯫࣞੰᛡ߾᠇᠊҄Ὂښ఻౞ᎄ҄nj ̡̃ኮေ֗᠉Ҭ኎வ᭧Цదౝܸᒭ˟ిǍ� ࠄஷхኖˁੰᛡѬनࠫ̆஋ऊᣁԫᐌᑟˁඟᫎጸ ጻՌͻᡑ҂̀᧘᜶ᄊҒଢͻၹ὘ኄʷὊ஋ऊᐌᑟᔵڊ ԧၷᤞ᎖Ǎ஋ऊԶ᠇᠊̆хኖnjូ଍֗ᄣᅖὊЦʹኮ ေ֗఩Ҭ̃Ҭᜂ଎Ք̀஋ऊܱ̿ᄊᇫ͘ᦊ᫃Ὂ̰Ꮻ˞ ඟᫎጸጻᤉКʹᐲНС఩Ҭᮗ۫ଢῚำүቇᫎǍኄ ̄Ὂ஋ऊኮေவरԧၷஈԫǍᤰ᣿࠲ኮေ֗఩Ҭܱᦊ ӑὊ஋ऊኮေႀᛡ஋ኮေவरᣁԫ˞࣊ڤኮေவरǍ ኄʼὊ஋ऊᛡ஋஍ဋ४҂ଢᰴǍхኖ఻౞Զᬷ˗ድҧ ̆஋ኖ҄ࠀὊˀ᠇᠊Цʹ̃ҬὙੰᛡ఻౞Զᬷ˗ድҧ ̆ੰᛡ஋ኖὊˀ᠇᠊хኖ̃ҬǍᤈನ௅ЍѬԧ૙̀ː ᏨҪᑟ͖ҹὊԡద஍ᥘВ̀ԥவᐌ᠊ˀຍǍ� �����ᬃᣕ⇥䯈㒘㒛থሩ� � � � � ஋ऊˁඟᫎጸጻՌͻˀ̩ᭊ᜶஋ऊᒭᢶஈ᭩Ὂᤇ ᭊ᜶஋ऊஃેඟᫎጸጻԧ࡙Ǎ���� ࣲὊᔮڎ஋ऊˁඟ ᫎጸጻኤᝡ̀ǒ஋ऊˁঃਝጸጻ֗ᇫӝጸጻТጇ಴౶ өᝬǓ<��>Ǎស஡͈௚ᆸૉѣὊ஋ऊΚขஃેඟᫎጸጻ ̚ద࿘ቡভὊࣳښᴂҵঃਝᏨድᇸnjஃે֗ᠫҰඟᫎ ጸጻำү኎வ᭧ԧ૙ሥౝᄊͻၹǍԥவኤᎸᤈ͋஡͈ ᄊਓ˧ښ̆Ὂˀ̩൤रᆸቡ̀஋ऊˁඟᫎጸጻ˨ᫎᄊ ͗ͧТጇὊ௚ᆸ̀ԥவՌͻᄊ۳వԔѷὊᤇ˞஋ऊஃ ેඟᫎጸጻԧ࡙ଢῚዝͫข॥ᄊΚ૶Ǎ� � � � � ˞̀थቡʷ˔ूܸᄊnjሥౝำүᄊඟᫎጸጻᦊ᫃Ὂ ஋ऊᤰ᣿ܳᮊଐஷ౏ஃેඟᫎጸጻԧ࡙ǍХʷὊข॥ ஃેǍ஋ऊᤰ᣿҄ࠀ֗ξஈǒᇫӝНՃ౎ΓǓnjǒਞؓ ၹ᤭ขǓ኎ܳᮊข॥ੱܸ̀ඟᫎጸጻᄊᒭ˟ిὊѹቡ ̀ᇫӝНՃ֗ਞؓНՃːመЛழᄊඟᫎጸጻॎरὊ௚ ᆸ̀ԧ࡙ˊ͸ʹᐲ࡛̆ਞؓ̃ˊǍХ̄Ὂ஋ኖஃેǍ ஋ऊښЯ᫚˗᝺ቡኄʼᦊ᫃ҩНࠉ౏Л᭧᠇᠊өូਫ਼ దࠫඟᫎጸጻᄊ஋ኖὊࣳᤰ᣿ሥౝᄊ஋ኖळ࠮Ὂ࠲ᇫ ӝʹᐲᮊᄬ̰ᐌˊπ˭ᦊ˗Ѭሏѣ౏Ὂᣁӑ˞࿘ቡᄊ ඟᫎጸጻǍښ ���� ࣲὊᇫӝᡜုᮊᄬᜂฌв˞ਞؓጸ ጻࣃፃੇ˞ʷመᡖҹ<��>ǍХʼὊᠫ᧛ஃેǍܙҫࠫඟ ᫎጸጻઆᠫ̰ݽᒰጼ௧ழࢺЗੰ஋రᫎʷ˔˟᜶ྲ ढ़Ὂ஋ऊᠫ᧛Ӵ҂̀ਞؓጸጻЛᦊஆКᄊ �����Ὂੇ ˞ඟᫎጸጻᄊʷᮊ˟᜶ஆК౏ູ<��>Ǎ� �����ᬓㄪᑇㄝणଚ�އㄪড়԰�� � � � � ஋ኖө׸ᄊᄬᄊ௧ᤰ᣿ࣱ኎ࠫភ౏ΨᤉኀՌНС Ѿᄞᄊ஋ኖద஍̗ၷὊ̰ᏫΎНС஋ኖᄊՌขভˁՌ ေভ४҂໘ᡜǍ˞ ̀ॎੇ஋ኖө׸Ὂᔮڎ஋ऊНन੾ឳ὘ ښલࠀ͊͵ˁඟᫎጸጻదТᄊ஋ኖnjข॥௑Ὂ᜶Քඟᫎ ጸጻଢѣНनө׸֧វᄊ௑ᫎ᛫Ὑө׸֧វ௑᜶ЍѬᏦ ᘽదТՊவ᭧ਓ᜹<��>Ǎᙊཀྵស੾ឳࣳ෥దॎੇ൤रᄊข 58� ԧ㚆ᄺߞ� ㄀ �� ो ॥஡͈Ὂͮ ࣃፃੇ˞̀Цʹૉ࠮Պጟ஋ऊ֗஋ऊՊᦊ᫃ ҄ࠀ๘ԣʹᐲНС஋ኖ௑ᄊࢺͻૉӯǍ� � � � � ʹᐲ஋ኖᄊхኖిᤇጋጋڡઅښ˗ܽ஋ऊ੤˗Ὂ ஋ऊ᝺ቡ̀ʷ˔ႀ%$.4֗ �ܸᛡ஋ӝʹᐲᦊ᫂ጸੇ ᄊþʹᐲЯ᫚ÿ᠇᠊ʹᐲԧ࡙ᄊߺ᜺஋ኖὊͮඟᫎጸ ጻͻ˞ʷመूܸᄊᇫ͘ҧ᧚ࣃፃࣹฅڡԠˁ҂ʹᐲԧ ࡙Պ˔ࡏ൓ᄊ஋ኖө׸˗Ǎ$$13 ဘఞՐ˞ᤂү֗ޡ ˭ᐏᄪ ͻ˞ᔮڎᤂүˁ͔ᫌˊᄊᛡˊө͘ښХ˗ᡑ ҂̀ʷ˔Т᪄ᄊೄ್ͻၹǍសጸጻ̽᛫ᅌЛᔮ ��� ˔ ʹᐲඟᫎጸጻ֗ ������ ࠒʹᐲπ˭ᦊὊښˁ஋ऊ๘ԣ ʹᐲᄊ஋ኖ҄ࠀ᣿ሮ˗Ὂ᠇᠊Ք஋ऊ᛫᣺ඟᫎጸጻత ழᄊ஋ኖቡڤ֗ਓ᜹Ὂ፥ઐඟᫎጸጻᄊՌขిᄞ֗Ք ඟᫎጸጻᤉᛡ஋ኖᝍ᧖Ὂᤇᤰ᣿ښᝬ֗͘஋З͘ᝬᄊ ሥౝำү˗Ὂॖ־๘ԣʹᐲԧ࡙ᄊቡขǍᤰ᣿஋ኖࣱ ኎ө׸Ὂ஋ऊˁඟᫎጸጻॎੇ̀ʷ˔ద஍ᄊηৌ෤ᤰ ֗Ѿᄞөូ఻҄Ὂҫງ̀ԥவՌͻᄊ̉η֗̉ѾǍ� �����㒘㒛ण䇗䜡ড়�ㅵ⧚ড়԰�� ႀ̆஋ऊˁඟᫎጸጻښЯᦊፇ౞njᤂᛡவर֗ᠫ ᧛౏ູ኎வ᭧దᅌՊᒭᄊ͖ҹ֗ࡍᬍὊԥவښНС఩ Ҭኮေ˗ՊՃХᐌ֗ᄱ̉ᦡՌὊԻ̿ࠄဘҪᑟ͖ҹ̉ ᛪǍ̿ᔮڎᇫӝʹᐲጇፒ<��>˞ΓὊ%$.4 ֗ 4QPSU� &OHMBOE ᄊ˟᜶ᐌ᠊௧ࠫЛڎᇫӝʹᐲԧ࡙ᤉᛡૉ࠮ ֗កͥὊઆК஋ऊ᠉஋֗॑ᇾᠫ᧛Ὑڡவʹᐲ͗ͧ $41 ͻ˞ட˔ᇫӝʹᐲጸጻጇፒࠄဘඈࣲܙҫ ��ʹᐲԠ ˁဋ֗ᇫ͘Ѿᄞᄊ˗౪఻౞Ὂ˟᜶ᐌ᠊௧ࠫڡவᇫӝ ʹᐲԧ࡙ᤉᛡ੍႕хኖnjᦊ᫃өូnjᝠѳ҄ࠀnj፛஍ ฾᧚nj࣊ڤᖹᩙ֗ηৌ̔ืὙႀ /(#njڡவ஋ऊ֗ߦ ಣʹᐲ͗ͧ኎ښڡவᇫӝᄊѬஃ఻౞ਫ਼౞ੇᄊᇫӝʹ ᐲᎪፏὊ˟᜶ᐌ᠊௧ࠫڡவᇫӝʹᐲϏᝬᤉᛡѬዝnj គѿ֗આᠫὊܙҫʹᐲԠˁᄊᑟҧथ᝺Ὑႀπ˭ᦊnj ஔጷ֗ঃਝᏨਫ਼ጸੇᄊ۳ࡏ˟᜶ᐌ᠊௧࠲ेڡᇫӝᄊ ʹᐲ఻͘ଢΙፌेڡࡐඟǍ� ஋ऊˁඟᫎጸጻښᇫӝʹᐲኮေ˗ᄊөូᦡՌὊ ˀ̩δᬪ̀ᇫӝʹᐲጸጻጇፒᄊద஍ᤂᛡὊᤇࠄဘ̀ ᇫӝʹᐲᠫູᄊ͖ӑᦡᎶǍښᠫ᧛ଢΙʽὊፐܸܳ஝ ᇫӝʹᐲϏᝬ४҂̀ᠫҰὊᤈ̏ᠫ᧛ڡவ஋ऊ੾ઞ̀ Х˗ᄊܳ஝ὊХ͸ᦊѬᄰଌ౏ູ̆˗ܽ஋ऊ֗ᫎଌ౏ ູ̆ඟᫎጸጻ<��>ǍښڤڡଢΙʽὊڡவ஋ऊ֗ஔᐲ఻ ౞˞ᇫӝʹᐲπ˭ᦊଢῚʷӧᄊᤂүڤڡὊХ˗ᄊ ���௧̿ምᠨᄊவरଢΙፌᇫӝʹᐲπ˭ᦊ<��>Ǎښ੿ ᑟଢΙʽὊᇫӝʹᐲπ˭ᦊˀ̩˞ХੇրଢΙ఩ҬὊ ᤇᤰ᣿ $41 ˁᇫӝЯᄊ˗ߦnj࠵ߦᐏጇᡑ౏Ὂ˞᭟࠶ ࣲԠˁఞܳᄊʹᐲᮊᄬଢΙ఻͘Ǎ� �����ԧ㚆݀݅᳡ࡵᬓᑰ༥㑺䌁ф�᳡ࡵড়԰�� � � � � ඓ௄Ⴁ᫈ὊଢΙНС఩Ҭ௧஋ऊᄊʷᮊ۳వᐌᑟὊ ͮᤈࣳˀਓ֊ᅌ஋ऊ᜶ᄰଌଢΙНС఩ҬὊ஋ऊԻ̿ᤰ ᣿Х̵ᦊ᫃౏ᫎଌଢΙНС఩ҬǍ���� ࣲᔮڎ˗ܽ஋ ऊښᤂү֗ޡ˭வ᭧ᄊᔉᠠ˞ �� ̣ᔮ᪢<��>Ὑڡவ஋ऊ ඈࣲᔉᠠښᤂү͔֗ᫌᮗ۫ᄊᠫ᧛ጞ˞ �� ̣ᔮ᪢<��>Ǎ ᤈ̏஋ऊ᠉஋֗॑ᇾᠫ᧛దᄱेᦊѬ௧ᤰ᣿஋ऊˁඟ ᫎጸጻኤࠀНС఩Ҭ᠔˼ݏጞὊႀඟᫎጸጻ౏̽ణ஋ ऊଢΙНС఩ҬᄊǍ� � � � � ஋ऊݏጞ᠔˼᛫௚ᔮڎʹᐲНС఩ҬΙፌവरԧ ၷ̀ᣁԫὊ஋ऊੇ˞ᠫ᧛ଢΙᏨnjੰᛡ఻౞ੇ˞፛஍ កͥᏨ֗ඟᫎጸጻੇ˞НС఩ҬଢΙᏨǍ̿ %$.4nj ੰᛡ఻౞ 6,� 4QPSU ֗ 4QPSU� &OHMBOE ֗ /(# ˨ᫎᄊ఩ ҬՌͻ˞ΓὊ%$.4 Քੰᛡ఻౞આКᠫ᧛ࣳ૿ిѬᦡ ᠫ᧛Ὂੰ ᛡ఻౞ಪ૶%$.4ᄊԧ੍࡙႕҄ࠀᮊᄬᝠѳὊ /(# ښᮊᄬᝠѳႂឰੇҪՑˁੰᛡ఻౞ኤᝡᮊᄬՌ ՏǍ˞̀δ᝽ᠫ᧛Ύၹᄊద஍ভὊੰᛡ఻౞ࠫ͘ /(# ̰ᠫ᧛ԧஊ҂ᖍ४ڀઑે፞ˀலڡᤉᛡកͥὊ̿൥х ࠀళ౏ᠫ᧛આКὙ˞̀δ᝽ᠫ᧛ѬᦡᄊНࣱভὊੰᛡ ఻౞᝺ቡ̀Нन۳᧛ᮊᄬὊᄬᄊ௧Ύ࠵ی /(#ఞࠔ௜ ᖍ४ᠫҰὙ˞̀δ᝽ᠫ᧛Ύၹᄊᤩ௚ভὊੰᛡ఻౞᜶ ර /(#ࠀరН࣋᠉ҬࠆᝠઑշὊࣳଌԪ஋ऊ֗Н͕ᄊ ࠆಊǍ஋ऊݏጞ᠔˼ඟᫎጸጻ఩Ҭᄊ͖གښ̆Ὂ௅ᤰ ᣿࣊ڤ఻҄ᥘВ̀ႀ஋ऊᄰଌଢΙ࠮ᒱᄊͰ஍Ὂԡᤰ ᣿ඟᫎጸጻᄊঃਝድᇸ፥ઐ̀ᇫ͘НࣱὊ̰Ꮻࠄဘ஍ ဋ֗НࣱᄊЪᮏǍ� �����哧ࢅᖫᜓ㗙᳡ࡵ�׵ᇐড়԰�� � � � � ʷᄰ̿౏ὊঃਝᏨ఩Ҭͻ˞తద͉ϙᄊᇫ͘ᠫູ ࠫᔮڎʹᐲԧ࡙ᡑ҂̀᧘᜶ᄊδᬪ֗଎үͻၹǍ̰త ᧘ܸᄊʹᐲᠿ̃҂త۳ࡏᄊᇫӝʹᐲำүὊՊመʹᐲ ͈̃ᦐሏˀनঃਝᏨᄊሥౝԠˁὙ̰ᗉ̃͘ੇրὊ҂ ஔጷրnjኮေᏨnjᠫ᧛ӂᬷᏨnjᄣᅖᏨnjᤂү͗ͧ֗ ᝮѬր኎ὊՊመʹᐲጸጻᦐΚᠻ̆ঃਝᏨ౏न࡙ำүǍ ښᔮڎὊࣱکඈ˔ᇫӝʹᐲπ˭ᦊద �� ˔ঃਝᏨੇ րὊԶద �˔௧ଌԪᘡᦱᄊੇր<��>Ǎ� � � � � ൤ڂ˞ݠ൥Ὂ௄᝷௧஋ऊᤇ௧ඟᫎጸጻᦐЍѬᝣ គ҂ᴂҵঃਝᏨ఩Ҭᄊ᧘᜶ভὊᤰ᣿ሥౝϏ࠮౏वੴ ঃਝᏨድᇸnjܙҫঃਝᏨ̡஝njܙूঃਝᏨ఩Ҭ੿ᑟǍ ஋ऊՊ˔దТᦊ᫃ඈࣲᦐᤰ᣿ˁඟᫎጸጻՌͻὊ଎ѣ ՊरՊನᄊঃਝᏨᝠѳ֗ᛡүὊࣳ́̿НС᠉஋ஃેǍ ΓݠὊ˞ ࠄဘ ���� ࣲ͠சႂҩݘᤂ͘௑ਫ਼ଢѣᄊþ༏ ҵழʷ̽བྷྖᤂүÿ԰ՂὊᔮڎ஋ऊˁᔮڎݘނ͘ ඟ ᫎጸጻ ᐏՌԧᡑ̀ʷᮊ᧫ࠫ᭟࠶ࣲʹᐲঃਝᏨᄊϏ ࠮ᛡүὊᝠѳરӂnj۲ᝫ֗ଢΙԧ࡙఻͘ፌ ������ Ր ᭟࠶ࣲʹᐲঃਝᏨὊХᄬᄊ௧۲Щᤈ̏ঃਝᏨ౏ጸጻ ֗ᮗ࠮ᔮڎళ౏ᄊܸ͕ʹᐲǍᤰ᣿஋ऊˁඟᫎጸጻᄊ ᐏՌϏ࠮ὊʹᐲঃਝᏨӴਫ਼దঃਝᏨ̡஝ᄊ ���Ὂᡔ ኄ �ర� ෋௴ฉ὘े̽ᔮڎʹᐲԧ࡙വरᄊᣁԫ� 59 ᣿̀͊͵Х̵ᮗ۫<��>ǍՏ௑ঃਝᏨ఩Ҭ˷̗ၷ̀ࢽܸ ᄊፃเ஍ᄞὊ૶ͥᝠὊᔮಫРʹᐲঃਝᏨᛡүᄊፃเ ͉ϙඈࣲࣃፃ᣺҂ �� ̣ᔮ᪢<��>Ǎ� � ���ᇍЁ೑ԧ㚆ᬍ䴽ⱘਃ⼎� �����থሩⳂᷛüüᦤछԧ㚆খϢⱘᴎӮ� � � � � ˗ᔮːڎʹᐲԧ࡙വरᄊˀՏὊХಪవښ̆ԧ࡙ ᄬಖᄊˀՏǍᔮڎʹᐲԧ࡙ᤰ᣿దᝠѳڡଢᰴЛඟʹᐲ ԠˁဋὊ౏ࠄဘଢӤϤकˁஔᐲnjѓ࠶࿁Ꮅnjᇫ͘іᐑ ҧnjፃเܭУnjН͕ৱ፜njᇫӝԧ࡙֗᭟࠶ࣲ۲Щ<�>Ὂ ̿൥౏଎үڎࠒፃเ֗ᇫ͘ᄊөូԧ࡙Ǎ˗ ڎʹᐲԧ࡙ ̿ˡڎʹ҄˞Κ੬Ὂᤰ᣿ቤ੿ᤂүᄊᡵᡕरԧ࡙Ὂ౏ࠄ ဘ஋ऊѾᄞǍᙊཀྵˀᑟաᝣᤈࠫ̆ட˔ڎࠒᄊඟீਓគ டՌ֗ڎࠒॎ៶थ౞ᡑ҂̀ሥౝͻၹὊͮ Տ௑˷ˀᑟա ᝣХᑀՑ௧̿ླྰඟ͕ᄊʹᐲԠˁ఻͘˞͉̽Ǎ� � � � � ʹᐲԧ࡙Ὂ̰ಪవʽ౏ឭ௧Т̆Ԡˁ֗ଢӤԠˁ ᄊ఻͘ˁѾᄞ<��>Ǎ෥దԠˁ఻͘ࡃ෥దԠˁѾᄞὊѾ ᄞଢӤ௧᭥఻͘ଢӤ౏ࠄဘᄊǍڂ൥Ὂʷ˔ڎࠒᄊʹ ᐲԧ࡙ᄬಖᯫЏऄសᏦᘽᄊ௧ፌ́ඟ͕ЍѬᄊʹᐲԠ ˁ఻͘Ǎஈ᭩नஊ �� ࣲ౏Ὂ˗ ڎʹᐲԧ࡙ਫ਼ܫᄊ۳వ ဗܒࣃፃԧၷ̀ಪవভᄊԫӑὊ˗ڎࣃፃੇ˞ࣱ֗࢘ ᡑᄊழУܸڎὊඟ͕ᄊၷำඵࣱ˷ࣃ۳వ᣺҂࠵कǍ ፙ፞ڲે̿᧛ྡͻ˞ᛦ᧚ಖю౏ԧ࡙ʹᐲὊ௅ˀኀՌ ੰ஋Зଢѣᄊሙߦԧ࡙᜺ေঐὊ˷ˀᑟ໘ᡜඟ͕ெᄞ ܙ᫂ᄊϤक֗ޡ˭ᭊරǍ঴Ꮻᝓ˨ὊښेҒ౞थ֗ៈ ᇫ͘ᄊᑀఀʾὊ᜶ࠄဘ˗ڎʹᐲᄊሙߦԧ࡙Ὂࡃॹᮌ ࠲̿ड़׭ݘᤂ̂Аᄊ�þ᧛ྡ᜺ÿᣁԫ҂ଢӤЛඟʹᐲ Ԡˁ఻͘ᄊþࣴሉ᜺ÿʽ౏Ǎ� �����থሩᮍᓣüü䕀বᬓᑰ㘠㛑� � � � � ᔮڎ஋ऊᝣ˞὘þʹᐲ௧ʷ˔ूܸᄊnjፃ࣢Ύၹᄊ ࢺЦὊ߲Ի̿ࣟҰ஋ऊࠄဘʷ̏ᬵॷҺҺᄊᄬಖÿ<�>Ὂ ͮᤈࣳ෥దੇ˞ᔮڎ஋ऊࣰᮕʹᐲԧ࡙ᄊΚ૶ǍᄱԦ ᄊ௧Ὂᔮڎ஋ऊʷவ᭧ᤰ᣿хኖˁੰᛡѬनᄊ఻౞ஈ ᭩Ὂ࠲ᛡ஋ኮေᐌᑟᣁረፌНСኮေ఻౞ὙԳʷவ᭧ ᤰ᣿஋ऊݏጞ᠔˼НС఩ҬὊ࠲఩Ҭᐌᑟᣁረፌඟᫎ ጸጻǍ஋ऊᤰ᣿ᐌᑟᣁረὊूӑхኖ֗ᄣᅖὊथቡ̀ ʷ˔þదᬍÿ֗þద஍ÿᄊ஋ऊǍ� � � � � ࣊ڤፃเʹ҄ஈ᭩Ὂхࠀ̀˗ڎᄊ஋ऊʹᐲᦊ᫃ ˀᑟгڀ҂ᝠѳፃเࣲ̽ਫ਼੶໦ᄊЛᑟیᝈᓤǍेҒ ˗ڎʹᐲஈ᭩᭧˚ᄊТ᪄᫈ᮥὊ˟᜶ښ̆ᇫ͘ӑஈ᭩ ෥దᡲʽ࣊ڤӑஈ᭩ᄊᑮ൦Ὂ࠮ᒱ̀஋ऊښ࣊ڤፃเ ʹ҄˗þᡕͯnjᩲͯ֗ᎥͯÿǍڂ൥Ὂʾʷ൦ʹ҄ஈ᭩ ᄊ᧘གऄ௧ᤰ᣿ᣁԫ஋ऊᐌᑟὊஈԫ஋ऊᄬҒþ஋̃ ˀѬὊኮҩፇՌÿဘ࿄ǍፇՌᔮڎፃᰎὊੈ̓ᝣ˞஋ ऊᣁԫᐌᑟԻ̰̿̿ʾ �˔வ᭧К੤὘ʷ௧࠲ᤂүኮ ေ˗ॷᤈನþ௅௧஋ऊὊԡ௧ᇫڄÿᄊ఻౞࿘ቡӑὊ ΎХੇ˞Цద࿘ቡ̡̃ి֗᠉Ҭిᄊ஋ኖੰᛡ఻౞Ὑ ̄௧࠲˗Өʹᐲ঴͘njᤂүӭᮊө͘ᤈನՐ˧ʽᄊඟ ᫎጸጻࠄʹӑὊࣳ࠲НС఩Ҭᤪ൦ᣁ̔ᤈ̏ඟᫎጸጻὙ ʼ௧஋ऊᤰ᣿࠲஋ኖᄬಖӊե̆ˁੰᛡ఻౞njඟᫎጸ ጻኤᝡᄊՌՏЯࠔ˗Ὂᤂၹፃเ֗ข॥੤඀౏ᤉᛡ࠮ ՔኮေὊ̰Ꮻथቡ࣊ڤیᄊኮေ఻҄Ǎ� �����থሩ῵ᓣüüᬓᑰϢ⇥䯈㒘㒛ড়԰� ᔮڎ஋ऊᤥહˁඟᫎጸጻՌͻ଎үʹᐲԧ࡙Ὂˀ ̩ښ̆ၹ౏हᛪႀ̆þ஋ऊܿ༧ÿ֗þ࣊ڤܿ༧ÿਫ਼ ᤵੇНС఩ҬΙፌ෤ܠὊᤇښ̆ඟᫎጸጻᤰ᣿Нඟ˔ ̡ੋᏆʹᄊ੿ᑟnjУᡚnjη͉̈́֗ϙ᜺ঐ˞Н͕֗ᇫ ӝԧ࡙ਫ਼ଢΙ఩ҬὊᏫᤈመ఩Ҭࠫ̆౞थဘ̽Нඟᇫ ͘ЦదౝХ᧘᜶ᄊͻၹǍ� � � � � ࡊኮᔮڎ஋ऊˁඟᫎጸጻ˨ᫎᄊþ͗ͧТጇÿˀ ʷࠀኀՌ˗ڎᇫ͘ဘࠄὊͮ஋ऊˁඟᫎጸጻՌͻᤇ௧ ˞˗ڎʹᐲԧ࡙ଢῚʷ౎ழᄊ᥋᡹ᤥહǍᄬҒᏫᝓὊ ᜶ࠄဘӡʹܸઑշ˗ਫ਼ଢѣᄊþ஋ऊᛡ஋ኮေˁᇫ͘ ጸጻᒭੈኮေద஍ᛣଌ֗ᓢভ̉үÿὊᤇԩх̆஋ऊͻ ѣఞܳᄊұҧǍᯫЏὊ஋ऊ᜶੾ᝣඟᫎጸጻǍښᄬҒ þॆ԰ᄆᝮnjԥ᧘᠇᠊֗Ѭጟኮေÿ଍҄یඟᫎጸጻ ኮေവरʾὊʹᐲඟᫎጸጻॢᬲᖍ४஋ऊᄱТᦊ᫃ᄆ ᝮࠆ੻Ὂͮ ੈ̓˷ᄺ҂ښ ���� ࣲअࣹࢷࣃፃनஊඟᫎ ጸጻႂឰᄆᝮὊᄱηᬤᅌᇫ͘ʹ҄ஈ᭩ᄊງКὊඟᫎ ጸጻฌвᬲᮥ࠲ੇ˞ԋԾǍХ൓Ὂ஋ऊ᜶ஃેඟᫎጸ ጻǍ஋ऊˀ̩᜶ښข॥nj஋ኖ֗ᠫ᧛኎வ᭧˞ඟᫎጸ ጻଢΙஃેὊᤇ᜶࠲þ஋ऊጸጻᄊඟᫎጸጻÿ (0/(0 ᒭ˟ӑὊΎХᄾ൤ԧ૙ᇫ͘˟ʹͻၹǍг൓Ὂ஋ऊ᜶ Κ᭥ඟᫎጸጻǍ஋ऊˁඟᫎጸጻᄊՌͻˀᑟԶᬍ̆Н С఩ҬଢΙὊᤇ᜶ʽӤ҂ఞᰴࡏ൓ᄊᇫ͘෵ေ֗஋ኖ ө׸ʽ౏ǍతՑὊ஋ऊ᜶ᄣኮඟᫎጸጻǍᄬҒ஋ऊࠫ ඟᫎጸጻᙊཀྵښॎरʽˑಫ଍҄Ὂͮဘࠄ˗Ԃஊ౛ᄣ ኮǍ˞̀δᬪ஋ऊˁඟᫎጸጻᑟ᫂రnjሷࠀ֗Ϥकڡ ՌͻὊదॹ᜶ᤉʷ൦߹ؓඟᫎጸጻᄣኮʹጇǍ� � � � � � े̽ᔮڎʹᐲԧ࡙വरᄊᣁԫὊХవ᠏௧ʷڤЪ ᮏНࣱˁ஍ဋᄊ҄एஈ᭩Ǎᤰ᣿ᤈڤ̿஋ऊˁඟᫎጸ ጻՌͻ˞˟ᮥᄊ҄एஈ᭩Ὂᔮڎʹᐲԧ࡙੽҂̀ʷ౎ ୌᑲڈܒnj᧘ழ࢘ᡑᄊழ᡹Ǎੈ̓ఞऄសᄺ҂ᄊ௧Ὂ ᔮڎʹᐲԧ࡙ᄊੇҪˁХڲ߶ଢӤЛඟʹᐲԠˁ఻͘ ᄊ͉ϙ᜺ঐ௧ѬˀनᄊǍႀ̆˗ᔮːڎ۳వ஋෵҄ए ˀՏnjፃเ֗ᇫ͘ԧ࡙᫽඀ˀՏnjʹᐲԧ࡙ᄊ͜ፒ֗ ဘ࿄ˀՏὊхࠀ̀˗ڎښώ᧝ᔮڎʹᐲԧ࡙വर௑ऄ దਫ਼ᤥહǍेҒὊ᫾ᆾ˗ڎʹᐲஈ᭩ᄊˀԶ௧҄एѹ ழᄊၫᮙὊᤇదনਇᄊࡍᬍǍڂ൥Ὂళ౏˗ڎʹᐲஈ 60� ԧ㚆ᄺߞ� ㄀ �� ो ᭩ˁԧ࡙Ὂˀ̩ᭊ᜶ॎੇࣹฅᄊᇫ͘СគὊᤇᭊ᜶х ኖᏨ̓ఞܳᄊһඡ֗ᛡүǍ� খ㗗᭛⤂˖� [1] Sonne PὊClegg J. 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