ConfinedSpace

nullCONFINED SPACE ENTRANT/ATTENDANT 有限空间 进入人/值守人 CONFINED SPACE ENTRANT/ATTENDANT 有限空间 进入人/值守人 Overview 概要Overview 概要Training Objectives 培训目标 Confined Space Entry Video 有限空间进入录像 Confined Space Hazards 有限空间危险 Confined Space vs.Permit-Required Confined Space 有限空间与需要许可证的有限空间 Team Member Entry Responsibilities 进入队成员的进入 要求 对教师党员的评价套管和固井爆破片与爆破装置仓库管理基本要求三甲医院都需要复审吗 Confined Space Entry Procedures 有限空间进入程序 Additional Training Requirements 附加培训要求 Wrap Up 结束培训 Test 测验 Training Objectives 培训目标Training Objectives 培训目标Explain the difference between permit-required confined spaces and non-permit-required confined spaces 说明需要许可证的有限空间与不需要许可证的有限空间之间的区别 Describe the basic elements of the permit-required confined spaces entry procedures 说明需要许可证的有限空间进入程序的基本要点 Describe the duties of each individual and/or team 说明个人和/或队组的职责 List potential hazards faced during entry 列举进入期间可能面对 的危险 Describe equipment used for permit-required confined spaces entry 说明进入需要许可证的有限空间所用的设备Evaluation & Survey 评价与调查Evaluation & Survey 评价与调查A confined spaces is an enclosed area that has three characteristics: 有限空间是一种具有以下三个特点的封闭区域 It is large enough and shaped so an employee can enter and work 它的大小和形状足以让一个人进入并在其中工作 It has limited or restricted means for entry or exit 它的进/出口有限和受到限制 It is NOT designed for continuous employee occupancy 它不是用来供人连续占用 permit-required confined space 需要许可证的有限空间permit-required confined space 需要许可证的有限空间A confined space with one or more of the following characteristics: 具有以下一种或多种特点的有限空间： Potential hazardous atmosphere 潜在的危险大气 Potential for engulfing an Entrant 有淹没进入者 的潜在危险 Potential for entrapment 有夹持的可能 Any other recognized serious safety or health hazard 任何其它被认定的安全和健康危险 DANGER 危险Hazardous Enclosures 危险的有顶有围墙的空间Hazardous Enclosures 危险的有顶有围墙的空间Recognize Hazardous Enclosures 确认危险的有顶有围墙的空间 Don’t confuse with confined spaces 不要与有限空间混淆 Consider definition of a confined space 考虑有限空间的定义 Control hazard through Safety Work Permit System 通过安全工作许可证制度控制危险Conditions that Create Hazards 产生危险的条件Conditions that Create Hazards 产生危险的条件Material stored or used in confined space 有限空间内储存或使用的材料 Activity carried out during process or entry 工艺和进入期间进行的活动 External Environment 外部环境Hazards of Entry 进入危险Hazards of Entry 进入危险Hazardous Atmospheres 危险大气 -- Oxygen Deficient (Asphyxiating) 缺氧（窒息） -- Oxygen Enriched 富氧 -- Flammable 易燃 -- Toxic 有毒 Physical Hazards 身体危险 -- Engulfment 淹没 -- Configuration/Entrapment 结构/夹持 -- Chemical 化学 -- Mechanical 机械 -- Electrical Shock 电击 -- Thermal Effects 热效应 -- Noise 噪音 -- Vibration 振动 Hazardous Atmospheres: Oxygen Deficient 危险大气：缺氧Hazardous Atmospheres: Oxygen Deficient 危险大气：缺氧19.5%: Minimum acceptable O2 level 19.5%:最低可接受氧含量 15- 19%: Decreased ability to work strenuously; Impair coordination 15- 19%:从事艰苦工作的能力的下降；损害协调能力 12- 14%: Respiration increases; Poor judgment 12- 14%:呼吸急促；判断能力差 10- 12%: Respiration increases; Lips blue 10- 12%:呼吸急促；嘴唇发紫 8- 10%: Mental failure; Fainting; Nausea;Unconsciousness; Vomiting 8- 10%: 大脑失控；昏眩；恶心；失去知觉；呕吐 6- 8%: 8 minutes– fatal; 6 minutes– 50% fatal; 4- 5 minutes– possible recovery 6- 8%: 8分钟致死；6分钟50%致死；4-5分钟可能能够康复 4- 6%: Coma in 40 seconds; Death 4- 6%: 40秒昏迷；死亡Hazardous Atmospheres: Oxygen Enriched 危险大气：富氧Hazardous Atmospheres: Oxygen Enriched 危险大气：富氧Oxygen level above 23.5% 氧含量高于23.5% Flammable and combustible material to burn violently when ignited 易燃和可燃材料被点燃时剧烈燃烧 Hair, clothing, material,etc. 头发、衣服和材料等 Oil soaked clothing and materials 吸了油的衣服和材料 Never use oxygen to ventilate 任何时候不要用氧气通风Hazardous Atmospheres: Flammable 危险大气：易燃Hazardous Atmospheres: Flammable 危险大气：易燃2 Critical Factors: 两个关键因素 -- Oxygen content in the air 空气中的的氧含量 -- Presence of a flammable gas, vapor or ignitable dust concentrations 存在易燃气体/蒸发气或易着火的尘埃浓度 Proper air/gas mixture can lead to explosion 合适比例的空气易燃气体混合物可能导致爆炸 Typical Ignition Source: 典型的着火源 -- Sparking or electric tool 火星和电动工具 -- Welding/ cutting operations 焊接/切割操作 -- Smoking 吸烟Hazardous Atmospheres: Toxics 危险大气：有毒物Hazardous Atmospheres: Toxics 危险大气：有毒物Product stored in a confined space 有限空间内的贮存的产品 -- Materials absorbed into walls 墙壁吸收的材料 -- Gases released when cleaning 清洗时释放的气体 -- Decomposition of materials 物料的分解 Work performed in a confined space 有限空间内进行的工作 Areas adjacent to a confined space 与有限空间相连的区域 Signs & Symptoms depend on substance- MSDS 征兆和症状取决于物质——MSDS Carbon Monoxide 一氧化碳Carbon Monoxide 一氧化碳Odorless, Colorless Gas. 无味、无色的气体 Combustion By-product/process Gas 副产品/工艺气体燃烧产生的 Quickly collapse at high concentrations 高浓度时迅速垮下 Hazards of Entry 进入的危险Hazards of Entry 进入的危险Hazardous Atmospheres 危险大气 -- Oxygen Deficient (Asphyxiating) 缺氧（窒息） -- Oxygen enriched 富氧 -- Flammable 易燃 -- Toxic 有毒 Physical Hazards 身体危险 -- Temperatures 温度 -- Engulfment 淹没 -- Configuration/Entrapment 结构/夹持 -- Chemical 化学 -- Mechanical 机械 -- Electric Shock 电击 -- Noise 噪音 -- Vibration 振动Physical Hazards: Temperature 身体危险：温度Physical Hazards: Temperature 身体危险：温度Temperature Extremes 极端温度 -- Extremely hot or cold temperatures 极热或极冷 -- Humidity Factors 湿度因素 -- Extremely cold liquids 极冷液体 -- Work processes can increase temperature extremes 工作过程可能增加极端温度 -- Personal protective equipment 人身防护设备Physical hazards: Engulfment 身体危险：淹没Physical hazards: Engulfment 身体危险：淹没Loose,granular materials stored in bins and hoppers-insulation, sand, coal, etc. 桶和料斗装松散、粉末物料——保温材料、沙子、煤等 Crusting and bridging below or above a worker 工人下方或上方的结壳和架空结块物料 Flooding of confined space 有限空间的充水 Water or sewage flow 水或下水道水流 Excavations 挖掘坑 Physical Hazards: Configuration/Entrapment 身体危险：结构/夹持Physical Hazards: Configuration/Entrapment 身体危险：结构/夹持Size and shape of space may trap or asphyxiate Entrant by inwardly converging walls or extremely tight quarters 有限空间的尺寸和形状可能使进入人受困于四周的容器壁或极端密实的小空间，使进入人受夹持或窒息Physical Hazards: Chemical 身体危险：化学Physical Hazards: Chemical 身体危险：化学Acute 急性 -- Immediate exposure hazard 即刻暴露危险 -- Causes burns and irritation 引起烧伤和刺激 Chronic 慢性 -- Short or Long Term Toxic Effect 短期或长期毒害作用 -- May have no warning of exposure 可能没有暴露的警告特征Physical Hazards: Other Hazards 身体危险：其它危险Physical Hazards: Other Hazards 身体危险：其它危险Mechanical 机械 Noise 噪音 -- Amplified due to acoustics within space 由于空间内的声音被放大 -- Damaged hearing, affect communication 听力受伤害，影响联络Non-Permit-Required Confined Space 不需要许可证的有限空间Non-Permit-Required Confined Space 不需要许可证的有限空间No hazards 无危险 Hazards eliminated 危险被消除 Atmospheric hazards controlled with ventilation 用通风控制了大气危险 Been reconfigured and no longer meets the definition of a confined space. 结构已被改造，不再符合有限空间的定义 -- I.e. restricted entrance or exit has been eliminated 即受限的进口或出口已被解除 Reclassified through the confined space reclassification process 通过有限空间再分类程序被再分类为不需要许可证的有限空间Reclassified Confined Space:Risk Assessment 再分类空间：危险评估Reclassified Confined Space:Risk Assessment 再分类空间：危险评估Eliminated, controlled or low level of hazard 消除、控制或降低了危险等级 Less complex than Permit-Required Confined Space entry 比需要许可证的有限空间进入简单 Procedure states specifics of reclassification unless reviewed & authorized by Management and EH&S ，程序规定再分类的特定条件，除非经领导和EH&S 审查和授权 Only issued by designated individuals 只能由指定的人签发 Classification Requirements 分类要求Classification Requirements 分类要求Helps ensure safe entry and requires less work: 帮助确保安全进入，工作量减少轻 Required: 要求： -- Reclassification Permit 再分类许可证 -- Risk Assessment,Hazard Elimination & control 危险评估、危险消除和控制 -- Safety Work Permit 安全工作许可证 -- Authorization by Qualified Individual 由合格人员授权 Not Required: 不要求 -- Confined Space Entry Permit 有限空间进入许可证 -- Rescue Team 救援队 -- Confined Space Entry Training 有限空间进入培训 NEVER 不要NEVER 不要Enter confined spaces unless you have been specifically authorized to do so with a written permit! 进入有限空间，除非你被一份有 书 关于书的成语关于读书的排比句社区图书漂流公约怎么写关于读书的小报汉书pdf 面许可证特别授权这么做Confined Space Permit Entry Process 有限空间许可证进入程序Confined Space Permit Entry Process 有限空间许可证进入程序Evaluate the entry 评价进入 Plan the entry 规划进入 Isolate the space 隔离空间 Clean the space 清洗空间 Check the space 检查空间 Prepare for entry 准备进入 Enter the space 进入空间 Terminate the entry 中止进入 Rescue operations 救援操作 Assess the entry 评估进入Entry Supervisor Duties 进入监督员职责Entry Supervisor Duties 进入监督员职责Planning for entry 规划进入 Know potential hazards during entry (signs/symptoms) 知道进入期间的潜在危险（征兆/症状） Confirm safe conditions exist as specified 确认存在规定的安全条件 Verify Rescue Plan and personnel in place 确认救援计划和人员已准备就绪 Terminate entry and cancel permit upon completion of entry or prohibited condition 进入结束时或者出现被禁止的条件时终止进入并取消许可证 Remove unauthorized individuals 撤去未经授权的人员 Ensure proper shift handovers and entry termination 确保合适的轮班交接和进入终止工作Evaluate 评价Evaluate 评价Entry Supervisor/space owner evaluate: 进入监督员/空间主人评价： -- Hazards posed by the space 空间存在的危险 -- Work to be done 要做的工作 -- Controls to be put in place 准备的控制措施 Entry Plan documents evaluation 进入计划文件的评价 -- Reviewed by everyone prior to entry 进入前接受每一个人审查Plan 计划Plan 计划Entry Supervisor plans the entry 进入监督员规划进入 Entry Plan/Risk Assessment 进入计划/危险评估 -- Hazard recognition 危险认定 Confined Space Entry Permit 有限空间进入许可证 -- Entry Requirements 进入要求 Safety Work Permit 安全工作许可证 -- isolation 隔离 Rescue Plan 救援计划 -- Just in case 以防万一 Training 培训 -- Plan & conduct 计划和执行 Isolate 隔离Isolate 隔离Space owner implements proper isolation 空间主人执行合适的隔离 -- Physically disconnect 实际断开 -- install blanks and blind flanges 安装盲板和盲法兰 -- Double Block and Bleed 双重隔离和放泄 Drain and depressurize the space 排放和给空间泄压 Lockout/tagout 锁定/挂牌 Isolation recorded on the Safety Work Permit 安全工作许可证上 记录 混凝土 养护记录下载土方回填监理旁站记录免费下载集备记录下载集备记录下载集备记录下载 的隔离Clean 清洗Clean 清洗Clean out hazardous chemicals 清洗危险化学品 Purge to Safe atmosphere 吹扫至安全大气 Ventilate to clean or maintain safe atmosphere 用通风方式清洗或保持安全大气Check 检查Check 检查Check for residual chemicals 检查残余化学物质 Entrants can observe testing 进入人可以监督试验 Equipment users must be trained 设备使用者必须接受培训 Equipment must be calibrated 设备必须标定 Check atmosphere in this order: 按以下顺序检查大气 -- Oxygen(19.5-23.5%) 氧气(19.5-23.5%) -- Flammable (<1% LEL) 易燃(<1% LEL) -- Toxics (<25% PEL) 有毒物(<25% PEL) nullAlways test the Atmosphere at various levels to be sure that the entire space is safe. 始终要对各层的大气进行试验以便确认整个空间是否安全 Good atmosphere near the opening does NOT mean it is good at the bottom! 在开口附近的大气质量好并不等于空间底部大气质量也好Prepare 准备Prepare 准备The Entry Supervisor must ensure: 进入监督员必须确保： Space properly prepared for entry 要为进入空间做好适当的准备 Equipment available and operational 设备准备好并且要可以操作 Personnel properly trained 人员要经过合适的培训 Rescue plans in place 救援计划准备就绪 Proper signs posted 安放合适的 标语 宣传标语下载抗洪救灾标语防溺水标语工程质量标语开学标语 Pre-entry meeting conducted 召开进入前会议 Rescue drill conducted 进行救援训练 Permits issued 签发许可证Prepare: Equipment 准备：设备Prepare: Equipment 准备：设备Personnel familiar with operation of equipment used during entry operation.This includes: 人员要熟悉进入操作期间所用的设备。其中包括： -- Atmosphere monitoring equipment 大气检测设备 -- Ventilation equipment 通风设备 -- Lighting 照明 -- Communication equipment 通讯设备 -- PPE 人身防护设备 -- Retrieval and Fall Arrest equipment 防摔落设备 Specific equipment and operation reviewed as (Pre-entry Meeting) 进入前会议审查特定的设备和操作Prepare: Pre-entry Meeting 准备：进入前会议Prepare: Pre-entry Meeting 准备：进入前会议All personnel involved in entry required to attend 所有涉及进入的人员都必须出席 Review operation of special equipment 审查特别设备的操作 Previous shift handover 上一轮班的交接 Review roles & responsibilities w/ individuals 与员工一起审查规章制度和职责 Review Work scope, special work or permit requirement and hazard communication 审查工作范围、特别的工作或许可证要求以及危险联络 Prepare: Pre-entry Meeting 准备：进入前会议Prepare: Pre-entry Meeting 准备：进入前会议Pre-entry Meeting covers specific details about individual entries: 进入前会议涉及各个进入的特定细节： -- Hazard communication 危险联络 -- Written Entry Plan 书面进入计划 -- Safety Work Permit 安全工作许可证 -- Confined Space Permit 有限空间许可证 -- Rescue Plan 救援计划Prepare: Pre-entry Rescue Drill 准备：进入前救援训练Prepare: Pre-entry Rescue Drill 准备：进入前救援训练Entry Supervisor and Rescue personnel will conduct Pre-entry Rescue Drill 进入监督员和救援人员进行进入前训练 -- Both Entry & Non-entry require drill 进入和非进入都要求训练 -- Review rescue plan 审查救援计划 -- Simulate rescue as realistic as possible 尽量真实地模拟救援 -- Table Top Drill 桌面训练 -- Equipment check out 设备检查 -- Attendant training for Non-entry Rescue 值守人非进入救援培训Enter: Entrants Duties 进入：进入人职责Enter: Entrants Duties 进入：进入人职责Know potential hazards faced during entry (signs/symptoms) 知道进入期间面临的潜在危险（征兆/症状） Proper use of equipment for entry/work in space 进入空间/在空间工作使用合适的设备 Log in and out of entry space 进入和走出空间时要登记 Maintain communication with Attendant 与值守人保持联络 Alert Attendant of any dangerous situations 发现危险情况要向值守人报警 Exit space, immediately, upon: 如出现以下情况立即撤出空间： -- Instructed by Attendant or Entry Supervisor 得到值守人和进入监督员指示 -- Entrant recognizes a dangerous situation 进入人发现危险情况 -- Evacuation alarm is activated 撤出报警响起Enter: Entrants Instructions 进入：进入人说明Enter: Entrants Instructions 进入：进入人说明Entrants must wear full body harness to facilitate rescue unless specified exempt in the Rescue Plan 进入人必须穿戴全身性救生服以便于救援人员抓握，除非救援计划中另有规定 -- Tied off for Non-entry rescue 非进入救援中拴牢 -- Not tied off for entry rescue 进入救援不拴牢 -- Gives rescuer a good hand hold to pull victim 给救援人员拉出受害者时提供一个好的抓手 -- Allow fall protection to be attached if necessary for victim retrieval 如果救援需要，允许附加防摔落保护设施 Know and comply with conditions of permit at all times 始终了解并遵守许可证条件Enter: Attendant Duties 进入：值守人职责Enter: Attendant Duties 进入：值守人职责Know potential hazards faced during entry (signs/symptoms) 知道进入期间面临的潜在危险（征兆/症状） Proper use of any equipment required 正确使用所需的任何设备 Maintain accurate count of authorized Entrants 保持准确的授权进入人记录 Remain attentive outside space during entry operation 进入操作期间在空间外值守 Communication with authorized Entrant 与授权进入人联络 Be aware of any entries that may expose the Attendant to contaminants that may migrate out of the space and plan accordingly! 要知道，任何进入都可能使值守人暴露于空间内释放出的污染物，要对此进行相应的规划 Enter: Attendant Duties 进入：值守人职责Enter: Attendant Duties 进入：值守人职责Monitor activities/conditions inside and outside space 监测空间内外的活动/条件 -- Watch for prohibited conditions in space 观察空间内是否存在被禁止的条件 -- Keep watch for unsafe conditions 连续观察不安全条件 -- Evacuate space, if required and notify Entry Supervisor 如果需要，撤出空间，并通知进入监督员 Prevent unauthorized entrants 防止未经授权的人进入 -- Remind them of requirements for Entrants 提醒他们对进入人的要求 -- Notify Entry Supervisor 通知进入监督员 -- Terminate entry if situation becomes unstable 如果情况不稳定，终止进入Enter: Attendant Duties 进入：值守人职责Enter: Attendant Duties 进入：值守人职责Summon emergency services or perform non-entry rescue as specified in the Rescue Plan 召集应急服务或者按救援计划的规定执行非进入救援 Must wear distinctive colored vest 必须穿戴颜色分明的背心Enter: Attendant Instructions 进入：值守人说明Enter: Attendant Instructions 进入：值守人说明Maintain documentation at entry site: 在进入现场保存的文件： -- Confined Space Entry Permit 有限空间进入许可证 -- Safety Work Permit 安全工作许可证 -- Entrant/Attendant Log 进入人/值守人记录 -- Pre-entry Meeting Log- Authorized Entrants & Attendants 进入前会议记录--授权进入人和值守人 -- Rescue Plan 救援计划 -- Entry Condition Log 进入条件记录Enter: Attendant Instructions 进入：值守人说明Enter: Attendant Instructions 进入：值守人说明Do NOT leave the site unless relived 如果没有人替换不得离开现场 -- Do not enter space for rescue – initiate rescue plan and standby 不得进入空间救援--起动救援计划并在一旁值守 Monitor only one space 只能监督一个空间 Ensure entrance barricaded at conclusion or break in entry operations 进入操作结束时或中断休息时要保证在进入口设障 Re-test atmosphere: breaks, shift change, event, periodic 中断、交接班、事故、一个周期后都必须重测大气Atmosphere Monitoring 大气监测Atmosphere Monitoring 大气监测Atmosphere Testing Shall Be Performed: 以下情况下必须进行大气试验 -- After breaks 中断后 -- After shift changes 交接班后 -- After an event 事故后 -- Periodically or continuously as specified on the permit 按许可证规定进行的定期或连续监测 Readings entered on Entry Condition Log 在进入条件记录簿上记录监测结果Continuous Monitoring 连续监测Continuous Monitoring 连续监测O2 氧气 -- Initial readings outside of 20.5-21.1% 初始读数在20.5-21.1%之外 -- Welding operations 焊接操作 LEL -- Welding operations 焊接操作 -- LEL between 1-10% LEL在1-10%之间 -- An increase of 2% requires evacuation of the space of the space 每上升2% 必须撤出空间 Terminate 中止 Terminate 中止 Immediately terminate entry, exit space and notify Entry Supervisor when: 出现下列情况时，立即中止进入、撤出空间并通知进入监督员： Entrants 进入人 Attendants 值守人 - Instructed by Attendant - Detect a prohibited condition or supervisor 探测发现一种被禁止的条件 值守人或进入监督员指示 - Recognize a dangerous - Detect behavioral effects of hazard situation exposure 发现危险条件 发现危险暴露的行为表现 - An evacuation alarm is - Unsafe situation outside the space activated 空间外不安全情况 撤出报警响起 - Attendant can not safely perform duties 值守人不能够安全地履行职责Terminate 中止Terminate 中止Entry Supervisor will terminate entry when: 出现下列情况时，进入监督员将中止进入 -- Entry Operations are concluded 进入操作结束 -- Condition not allowed under permit arises in or near entry 在空间进入的空间内或附近出现许可证上不允许的条件 -- Emergency exists at another entry 另一个进入现场发生应急情况 No re-entry until investigation and corrective actions complete and permits re-issued 在调查和更正措施结束前和许可证重新签发前，不得重新进入 Signs must be posted and entry barricaded when entry site is left unattended – includes breaks 当进入现场无人值守时，包括中断休息时，必须放置标语并在进入口设置障碍 Rescue 救援Rescue 救援Attendant must NEVER enter a space to rescue unless relieved and authorized to enter 值守人从不进入空间救援，除非被替换并被授权进入 Attendant must activate rescue plan when an emergency arises 当出现紧急情况时，值守人必须启动救援计划 Rescue plan may include trained Attendant performing Non-Entry Rescue duties 救援计划可能包括受过培训的值守人从事非进入救援的职责Rescue Duties 救援职责Rescue Duties 救援职责Trained in rescue equipment & techniques 接受过救援设备和救援技术的培训 Entrant trained, if entry is required for rescue 如果需要进入救援，进入者接受过培训 First aid/Cpr trained 受过 急救/CPR培训 Develop Rescue Plan 拟订救援计划 Pre-Entry Drill 进入前训练 Be on-site during entry operations 进入操作期间要在现场Assess 评估Assess 评估Debrief Entrants, Attendants, and Entry Supervisor, Rescue Team at close 结束时，汇报进入人、值守人、进入监督员和救援队执行认为情况 Deficiencies in operation noted on permit and reviewed for improvement opportunities 操作中的不足之处记录到许可证上并加以审查以便改进 Any Near Misses? 存在任何隐患吗？Additional Training 附加培训Ad