疯狂英语背诵宝典（清爽版）

疯狂口语背诵宝典 上海疯狂英语高级讲师：刘安乐 编著 上海疯狂英语编辑部 前言 近百年来，人们一直在苦苦寻求英语学习的秘诀，尤其 是改革开放以来，这种寻求的力度更是无以复加，然而人们 不知道，这一秘诀早在几千年前的中国古代就存在，这一方 法，不仅传承了中华文明，而且培育了中华民族千千万万的 优秀儿女，被人称为“中华民族的国粹”，这一方法就是“背 诵”！ 在当今社会，我们背离了这一方法，因为人们不愿意背， 理由是与国家所倡导的素质教育的口号还背道而驰。然而， 本书系统地告诉你：背诵不仅不违背素质教育。恰恰相反， 背诵才是真正意义上的素质教育！ 为什么要背，背什么，怎么背，以及名人是怎么通过背 诵走上成功的，高考状元是怎么样通过背诵走进高等学府 的？答案其实就在于背诵，疯狂地背起来吧！ 当背诵能够成为每一个莘莘学子的必备技能的时候，我 们就可以自豪地说：中国教育已经冲破了应试教育的迷雾， 迎来了素质教育的曙光！ 1. Every Living Person Has Problems 人人有本难念的经 单词与词组 Words and phrases ingredient /in5^ri:diEnt/ n. 组成物 tough /tQf/ a. 坚强的 soar /sC:r/ v. 高涨 perceive /pE5si:v/ v. 觉察 mirage /5mirB:V/ n. 海市蜃楼 profanity /prE5fAniti/ n. 亵渎 positive /5pCzitiv/ a. 实际的 setback /5setbAk/ n. 挫折 cop out /5kCp aut/ 逃避 initiate /i5niFieit/ v. 开始，发起 bottom line /5bRtEm lain/ 基础 predicament /pri5dikEmEnt/ n. 困境 stick... out /stik aut/ 坚持 lifespan /`laifspAn/ n. 生命期限 thaw /WC:/ v. 融化，溶解 根据朗读标记，听录音跟读，然后背诵。 What︵is the secret ingredient︵of tough people▼ that enables them to succeed? ↘ Why do they survive the tough times▼ when others are overcome by them? ↘Why do they win when others lose? ↘ Why do they soar when others sink?↘ The answer is very simple. It's all︵in how they perceive their problems. Yes, every living person has problems. A problem-free life is︵an︵illusion-a mirage︵in the desert. Accept that fact. Every mountain has a peak. Every valley has its low point. Life has its ups︵ and downs,↗ its peaks︵ and its valleys.↘ No one is︵ up all the time,↘ nor︵ are they down all the time. Problems do end. They are all resolved︵ in time. You may not be able to control the times, but you can compose︵ your response. You can turn your pain︵ into profanity -or into poetry. The choice︵ is︵ up to you. You may not have chosen your tough time, but you can choose how you will react to it. For instance, ↗ what is the positive reaction▼ to a terrible financial setback?↘ In this situation↗ would it be the positive reaction to cop︵out and run︵away?↗ Escape through alcohol, ↗ drug,↗ or suicide?↘ No! Such negative reactions only produce greater problems▼ by promising a temporary solution to the pressing problem. The positive solution to a problem▼ may require courage to initiate it. When you control your reaction to the seemingly un-controllable problem︵of life, then︵ in fact you do control the problem's effect︵ on you. Your reaction to the problem is the last word! That's the bottom line. What will︵ you let this problem do to you?↘ It can make you tender↗ or tough.↘ It can make you better↗ or bitter.↘ It all depends︵ on you. In the final︵ analysis, the tough people who survive the tough times do so▼ because they've chosen to react positively▼ to their predicament. Tough times never last, but tough people do. Tough people stick︵ it︵ out. History teaches︵ us that every problem has︵ a lifespan. No problem︵ is permanent. Storms︵ always give︵ way to the sun. Winter always thaws︵ into springtime. Your storm will pass. Your winter will thaw. Your problem will be solved. 背诵小贴士 Recitation tips 关键词： 1. secret ingredient, tough people, survive-overcome, win-lose, soar-sink. 2. perceive problems, illusion. 3. peak, low, ups and downs, end, resolved. 4. control times, compose response, react, financial setback, positive, negative, control reaction, last word. 5. react positively, tough times, tough people, stick out, permanent, storm-sun, winter-springtime. 参考译文 人人有本难念的经 坚韧不拨的人成功的秘诀是什么？他们为什么能挺过艰难的时刻，而其他人却被困难所 压倒？为什么成功的是他们，而失败的是其他人？为什么他们一飞冲天，而其他人都深陷泥 沼？ 答案很简单，全看他们是如何看待自己面临的难题。不错，人人有本难念的经。没有难 题困扰的人生只能是一个幻想，是沙漠中的海市蜃楼。还是接受这个事实吧。每一座山都有 巅峰，每一个峡谷都有深底。人生也有兴衰起伏，不会有人一生都时乖命蹇。难题总有了结 的一天。随着时间的推移，一切难题都会迎刃而解。 你也许不能控制时势，可是你能够冷静应对。你既可以把痛苦转换为怨天尤人的诅咒， 也可以赋予之以诗意，这全在于你自己的选择。时运不济的你或许无从选择，但是你可以选 择应对的方略。譬如，遭遇一次严重的经济挫折，究竟怎么做才称得上积极应对呢？放弃而 后潜逃？借酒浇愁？吸毒麻醉？抑或自杀？这样的逃避是积极应对吗？当然不是！这样一些 消极的反应似乎暂时解决了迫在眉睫的难题，但事实上只会招致更棘手的难题。积极的应对 只能是鼓起勇气着手解决。对于人生中看似无法控制的难题，当你能够控制自己的应对，那 么你就事实上控制了难题对你的影响。你对难题的应对是至关重要的、最根本的。难题能对 你产生什么样的影响呢？它可以使你脆弱，也可以使你坚强；它可以使你升华，也可以使你 痛苦。全在于你自己。 归根结底，坚韧的人之所以能挺过艰难的岁月，是因为他们选择积极地去应对困境。艰 难的岁月不会没完没了，坚韧的人会始终不懈，坚持到底。历史告诉我们，每一个难题都有 始有终，任何难题都不会永远存在。暴风雨过后一定是灿烂的阳光。严冬必然会化为春光。 你的暴风雨也会过去，你的冬天也会回暖。你的难题终将解决。 2. Winners 成 功 者 单词与词组 Words and phrases potential /pE5tenFEl/ n. 潜力 creatively /kri:ei`tivEti/ adv. 创造性地 productive /prE5dQktiv/ v. 能产的 authenticity /C:Wen5tisiti/ n. 真实性 authentic /C:5Wentik/ a. 真实可信的 credible /5kredEbl/ a. 可靠的 actualize /5AktjuElaiz/ v. 实现 unprecedented /Qn5presidEntid/ a. 空前的 evaluate /i5vAljueit/ v. 评估 bound /baund/ a. 被束缚的 awed /R:d/ a. 表示敬畏的 spontaneous /spCn5teinjEs/ a. 自发的 zest /zest/ n. 热情 compassionate /kEm5pAFEnit/ a. 富同情心的 adversity /Ed5vE:siti/ n. 逆境 根据朗读标记，听录音跟读，然后背诵。 Each human being is born︵ as something new, something ▼that never existed before. He is born with what he needs▼ to win at life. Each person in his own way▼ can see,↗ hear,↗ touch,↗ taste,↗ and think for himself.↘ Each has his unique potentials, his capabilities︵ and limitations. Each can be a significant,↗ thinking, ↗ aware,↗ and creatively productive person▼ in his own right-a winner. Winners have different potentials. Achievement︵ is not the most︵ important thing. Authenticity is. The authentic person experiences the reality of himself▼ by knowing himself,↗ being himself,↗ and becoming a credible,↗ responsive person. He actualizes his ︵ own ︵ unprecedented uniqueness▼ and appreciates the uniqueness︵ of︵ others. A winner is not︵ afraid to do his︵ own thinking▼ and to use his︵ own knowledge. He can separate facts from︵ opinion↗ ▼and doesn't pretend to have all the answers. He listens to others, ↗ evaluates what they say,↗ but comes to his own conclusions.↘ While he can admire and respect︵ other people, he is not totally defined,↗ bound,↗ or awed by them.↘ A winner can be spontaneous. He doesn't have to respond ︵in predetermined, ↗ rigid ways. He can change his plans when the situation calls for︵ it. A winner has ︵ a zest for life. He enjoys work,↗ play,↗ food,↗ other people,↗ and the world︵ of nature.↘ Without guilt he enjoys his own accomplishments. Without envy he enjoys the accomplishments︵ of ︵others. Although a winner can freely enjoy himself, he can also postpone︵ enjoyment. He can discipline himself in the present▼ to enhance his enjoyment︵ in the future. He is not︵ afraid to go after what he wants▼ but does so in︵ appropriate ways. He does not get his security by controlling others. A winner cares︵ about the world and︵ its people. He is not︵ isolated from the general problems ︵ of society. He is concerned, ↗ compassionate ↗ and committed to improving the quality of life. Even︵ in the face︵ of national↗ and international︵ adversity, he does not see himself︵ as totally powerless. He does what he can to make the world▼ a better place. 背诵小贴士 Recitation tips 仔细地思考这些问题： 1. 我是在做自己吗？我了解自己吗？我对周围的人和事做出回应吗？Am I authentic? Do I know myself? Am I being myself? Am I responsive? 2. 我听别人说话时有意识地在评价吗？我是否真的独立思考，而非人云亦云？Do I do my own thinking and use my own knowledge? Do I listen to others and evaluate what say? 3. 我是否自然不做作，天然无矫饰？我是否快乐，友好？Am I spontaneous? Do I have a zest for life? Do I enjoy work, play, food, other people, and the world of nature? 4. 我是否有足够的自控力？Am I able to discipline myself to postpone enjoyment in order to have enhanced enjoyment in the future? 5. 我不是个冷漠无情的人吧？Do I care about the world and its people? 参考译文 成 功 者 每一个人生来就是一个先前从未存在过的崭新的个体。他在人生中成功立业的能力与生 俱来。每一个人都可以以其独特的方式观察、倾听、触摸、体味和思索大千世界。每个人都 有独一无二的潜质--才干和局限。每一个人都可以凭自己的努力成为一个有价值、有头脑、 有感悟、有创造力、有成就的人，即成功者。 成功者的潜质各不相同。成就并不是最重要的，活得真实才是。一个真实的人通过了解 自我、坚持自我，使自己成为值得信赖、乐于回应的人来体验真实的自我。他实现独特的永 不重复的自我，同时也尊重他人的独特性。 成功者不惮于用自己的头脑去思考，用自己的感官去体会大千世界。他能够区分出哪些 是事实、哪些是观点。同时并不宣称洞察一切。他倾听他人的意见，评估他们的话语，可是 结论要由自己作出，他可以钦慕、敬重别人，可是他决不为他人所局限、所束缚，不会对他 们敬若神灵。 成功者是自在的。他无须以既定的、僵硬的方式用出回应。一旦情况改变，他会相应地 变更计划。成功者对人生充满了热忱。他享受工作、玩乐和美食、欣赏他人并钟爱大自然。 他享受成功的乐趣而问心无愧；他分享他人的成就而心无芥蒂。 成功者可以自由自在地享受人生，他还可以延缓这种享受。为了未来的享受更加丰厚， 他可以在时下约束自己，追求自己的目标，他无所畏惧，但总是行之有道，不逾规矩。他不 会为了自己的安全感去控制他人。 成功者关注世界，关心他人。对于社会的普遍问题，他从不置身事外。他有一颗关注的 心、同情的心，全身心致力于提高人生的质量。即便在本国或国际间发生困难之际，他也不 会感到无能为力。他竭尽力之所能，使这个世界成为更加美好的地方。 3. Losers 失 败 者 单词与词组 Words and phrases transition /trAn5ziFEn/ n. 转变 interdependence /5intEdi5pendEns/ n. 互相依赖 nutrition /nju:5triFn/ n. 营养 inadequate /in5Adikwit/ n. 不适当的 traumatic /trC:5mAtik/ a. 创伤的 deter /di5tE:/ v. 阻止 autonomy /C:5tCnEmi/ n. 自主 actualization /5AktjuElai7zeiFn/ n. 实现 cope /kEup/ v. 处理 hang on to 紧紧握住 repress /ri5pres/ v. 压制 channel /5tFAnl/ v. 引导 根据朗读标记，听录音跟读，然后背诵。 Although people︵ are born to win, they are︵ also born helpless▼ and totally dependent︵ on their environment. Winners successfully make the transition from total helplessness↗▼ to independence and then↗▼ to interdependence. Losers do not. Somewhere along the line▼ they begin to avoid becoming self-responsible. Few people are total winners↗ or losers. Most︵ of them are winners︵ in some areas︵ of their lives▼ and losers︵ in others. Their winning↗ or losing is influenced▼ by what happens to them︵ in childhood. A lack︵ of response to dependency needs,↗ poor nutrition,↗ brutality,↗ unhappy relationships,↗ disease,↗ continuing disappointments,↗ inadequate physical care,↗ and traumatic︵ events↘▼ are among the many experiences▼ that contribute to making people losers. Such︵ experiences interrupt,↗ deter,↗ or prevent the normal progress toward autonomy↗▼ and self-actualization. To cope with negative experiences▼ a child learns to manipulate himself︵ and others. These manipulative techniques are hard to give up▼ later︵ in life and often become set patterns. A winner works to shed them. A loser hangs︵ on to them. A loser represses his capacity ▼to express spontaneously and appropriately his full range︵ of possible behavior. He may be unaware ︵of other︵ options for his life▼ if the path he chooses goes nowhere. He is︵ afraid to try new things. He maintains his︵ own status. He is︵ a repeater. He repeats not︵ only his mistakes, but︵ also those︵ of his family and culture. A loser has difficulty giving↗ and receiving︵ affection. He does not enter︵ into intimate,↗ honest,↗ direct relationships with︵ others. Instead, he tries to manipulate them into living︵ up to his expectations▼ and channels his energies into living︵ up to their expectations. 背诵小贴士 Recitation tips 精品句子！人生向来很无助，很无奈，成功者学习摆脱这种无助的状态，达到独立，自主的状 态。失败者只要愿意，也能做到！ 1. Winners successfully make the transition from total helplessness to independence, and then to interdependence. Losers do not. 2. Few people are total winners or losers. 3. There are many experiences that contribute to making people losers. 4. A loser represses his capacity to express spontaneously and appropriately his full range of possible behavior. 5. A loser has difficulty giving and receiving affection. 参考译文 失 败 者 尽管成功立业的能力与生俱来，人们出生之际也是无助的，完完全全地依赖环境而生存。 成功者顺利地从完全的无助过渡到自立，接着再过渡到人际间的相互依存。失败者则不然。 在这一过程的某一环节上，他们开始不愿对自己负责。 很少有人是完全的成功者或失败者。大多数人在人生的某些方面是成功者，而在另外一 些方面则是失败者。人的成功和失败与童年的经历有关。 诸如婴幼儿时期无人照顾，营养不良，受到虐待，不良的人际关系，疾病，接踵而至的 挫折，不良的医疗条件造成心灵创痛的事件等，这一切经历都可能导致人生的失败。这些经 历中断、延缓或阻碍了走向自立和自我实现的正常进程。在应付负面经历的过程中，小孩子 学会了操纵自己和他人。这些操纵性手腕在成年后很难弃绝，常常变成顽固的习性，成功者 竭力弃绝这种习性，而失败者深陷其中，难以自拔。 失败者压抑自己以自然而得体的方式灵活行事的能力。他选择的道路是条死胡同，他不 明白人生中还有其他许多选择。他不敢进行新的尝试。他维持着现状。他只在原地踏步，不 仅重复着自己的错误，而且重复着他的家庭和本民族的错误。 失败者难以表达或接受爱意。他从不与他人建立亲密、诚实而直率的关系。反之，他试 图操纵他人，希望他人不辜负他的期望，而自己也竭力去迎合他人的期望。 4. If I Were a Boy Again 假如我再回到童年 单词与词组 Words and phrases perseverance /7pE:si:5viErEns/ n. 毅力 surmount /sE:5maunt/ v. 爬上顶端 pyramid /5pirEmid/ n. 金字塔 school /sku:l/ v. 锻炼 cultivation /kQlti5veiFEn/ n. 培养 frown /fraun/ v. 皱眉 courtesy /5kE:tEsi/ n. 礼貌 根据朗读标记，听录音跟读，然后背诵。 If︵ I were︵ a boy again, I would practise perseverance more often, and never give︵ up︵ a thing because it︵ was hard or︵ inconvenient. If we want light,↗ we must conquer darkness. Perseverance can sometimes︵ equal genius in︵ its results. "There︵ are︵ only two creatures," says︵ a proverb, "who can surmount the pyramids-the eagle↗ and the snail." If︵ I were︵ a boy again, I would school myself︵ into a habit︵ of attention; I would let nothing come between me↗ and the subject︵ in hand. I would remember that▼ a good skater never tries to skate︵ in two directions︵ at︵ once. The habit ︵of︵ attention becomes part︵ of︵ our life, if we begin early enough. I often hear grown-up people say ,"I could not fix my attention on the lecture↗ or book, although I wished to do so," and the reason︵ is, the habit was not formed︵ in youth. If︵ I were to live my life over︵ again, I would pay more attention to the cultivation︵ of the memory. I would strengthen that faculty by every possible means, and, on︵ every possible occasion. It takes︵ a little hard work︵ at first ▼to remember things︵ accurately; but memory soon helps︵ itself, and gives very little trouble. It︵ only needs early cultivation▼ to become︵ a power. If︵ I were︵ a boy again, I would look︵ on the cheerful side. Life︵ is very much like︵ a mirror: if you smile︵ upon︵ it, it smiles back︵ upon︵ you; but if you frown︵ and look doubtful︵ on︵ it, you will get︵ a similar look︵ in return. Inner sunshine warms not︵ only the heart︵ of the owner, but ︵of all that come︵ in contact with︵ it. Who shuts love︵ out, in turn shall be shut from love. If︵ I were︵ a boy again, I would school myself to say "No" oftener. I might write pages︵ on the importance︵ of learning very early in life▼ to gain that point ▼where a young boy can stand︵ erect, and decline doing an︵ unworthy act▼ because it︵ is︵ unworthy. If︵ I were︵ a boy again, I would demand︵ of myself more courtesy▼ towards my companions︵↗ and friends, and︵ indeed towards strangers ︵as well. The smallest courtesies︵ along the rough roads︵ of life▼ are like the little birds that sing to us all winter long, and make that season︵ of︵ ice︵ and snow▼ more endurable. Finally, instead︵ of trying hard to be happy, as︵ if that were the sole purpose︵ of life, I would, if︵ I were︵ a boy again, try still harder to make others happy. 背诵小贴士 Recitation tips 记住关键词： practise perseverance, develop a habit of attention, strengthen memory, look on the cheerful side, say 'no' oftener, show more courtesy to others, to be happy is not the sole purpose of life. 参考译文 这是一篇非常好的文章，作者用平常的话语道出深刻的生活哲理，希望能给您增添勇气 和智慧。 假如我再回到童年 假如我再回到童年，我会更多地培养自己的毅力，决不因为事情艰难或麻烦而放弃不干。 如果我们需要光明，我们就得征服黑暗。在产生的结果方面，毅力往往可以与天才相妣美。 谚语说：“能登上金字塔的生物只有两种--雄鹰与蜗牛。” 假如我再回到童年，我会培养自己专心致志的习惯；一旦手头有事，决不让任何东西使 我分心。我会牢记：一位优秀的溜冰手从不试图同时滑向两个不同的方向。如果及早养成专 心致志的习惯，它就会成为我们生命的一个部分。我常常听到成年人说：“尽管我希望集中 注意力听讲课或读书，但往往做不到。”其原因就在于年轻时没有养成这种习惯。 假如我能重新活过，我会更加注意培养自己的记忆力。我要采取一切可能的办法，在一 切可能的场合，增强记忆力。要精确地记住一切事物，起初的确要作出一番小小的努力；但 用不了多久，记忆力本身就会起作用，使记忆成为轻而易举的事。只需及早培养，记忆自会 成为一种才能。 假如我再回到童年，我会凡事都看光明的一面。生活就像一面镜子：你朝它微笑，它也 会朝你微笑；但如果你朝它皱眉头，它也会朝你皱眉头；如果你用怀疑的目光看待它，它也 会以同样怀疑的目光看待你。 内心的阳光不仅温暖了自己的心，同时也温暖了所有跟他接触的人的心。“谁将爱拒之门外， 谁就会被爱拒之门外。” 假如我再回到童年，我就要养成经常说“不”的习惯。我可以写上好几页，谈谈早期培养 这一点的重要性。一个少年要能挺得起腰杆，拒绝做不值得做的事--就因为它不值得做。 假如我再回到童年，我会要求自己对待同伴和朋友更礼貌，而且对陌生人也同样如此。 在坎坷的人生道路上，最细小的礼貌犹如在漫长的冬季为我们歌唱的小鸟，使得冰天雪地的 严冬变得较易忍受。 最后，假如我再回到童年，我不会竭力为自己谋幸福--仿佛那是人生的唯一目标；与之 相反，我会更加努力--让他人幸福。 5. I Dread the End of the Year 我惧怕岁末年尾 单词与词组 Words and phrases dread /dred/ v. 惧怕 psychologist /sai`kClEdVist/ n. 心理学家 fogy /5fEu^i/ n. 守旧者 Goethe /5^E:tE/ n. 歌德(诗人) immense /i5mens/ a. 无边的 根据朗读标记，听录音跟读，然后背诵。 "I dread to come to the end︵ of the year,said︵ a friend to me recently, "it makes me realize▼ I am growing old.” William James, the great psychologist, said that most men are "old fogies︵ at twenty-fiveHe was right. Most men︵ at twenty-five▼ are satisfied with their jobs. They have︵ accumulated the little stock︵ of prejudices▼ that they call their "Principles, " and closed their minds to all new ideas; they have ceased to grow. The minute▼ a man ceases to grow-no matter what his years-that minute he begins to be old. On the other hand, the really great man never grows old. Goethe passed︵ out at eighty-three, and finished his Faust ▼ only a few years︵ earlier; Gladstone took︵ up︵ a new language▼ when he was seventy. Laplace,↗ the astronomer,↗ was still ︵at work▼ when death caught︵ up with him▼ at seventy-eight. He died crying, "What we know is nothing; what we do not know is︵ immense." And there you have the real answer to the question, "When ︵is︵ a man old?↘" Laplace at seventy-eight died young. He was still︵ unsatisfied, still sure that he had︵ a lot to learn. As long︵ as︵ a man can keep himself︵ in that attitude ︵of mind,↗ as long︵ as he can look back︵ on every year▼ and say , "I grew," he is still young. The minute he ceases to grow, the minute he says to himself, "I know all that︵ I need to know,"--that day youth stops. He may be twenty-five︵ or seventy-five, it makes no difference. On that day▼ he begins to be old. 背诵小贴士 Recitation tips 这篇文章是典型的摆事实，讲道理的结构，作者从几个方面反复论证一个道理：The minute a man ceases to grow-no matter what his years-that minute he begins to be old. On the other hand, the really great man never grows old. 前两段不背也罢，后面的把几个事例记住 就好了。 参考译文 我惧怕岁末年尾 “我惧怕临近岁末年尾”，一位朋友最近对我说：“它使我意识到我正在变老。” 伟大的心理学家威廉·詹姆斯就曾说过，大多数人“25岁时就成了守旧落伍者”。他的话 是对的。大多数人25岁时就满足于他们的工作。他们已经积累了一些他们称之为“原则”的偏 见，对所有新的思想关闭心灵之门；他们已经停止成长。 一个人一旦停止成长--不管他年龄多大--他就开始衰老。反之，真正的伟人从来不会衰 老。 歌德享年83岁，逝世前几年才完成《浮士德》；格莱斯顿70岁时又开始学习一门外国 语；法国天文学家拉普拉斯78岁死时还在工作着。临死前，他大声喊道：“我们所知的太少 太少，我们所不知的太多太多。” “一个人何时变老？”，从这类事例中对这个问题你已经有了真正的答案。 拉普拉斯78岁逝世时依然年轻。他依旧不满足，依旧感到许多东西要学。 一个人，只要他能够保持这种心态，只要他在回首过去的一年时能够说“我在成长”，他 就依然年轻。 他一旦停止成长，他一旦对自己说“我该懂的都懂了”，这个时候他的青春也就完了。他 可能在25岁时死去，也可能在75岁时死去，这都没有区别。就在那一天，他开始变老。 6. Are These the Best Years of Your Life? 这是你生命的最佳时期吗？ 单词与词组 Words and phrases predictable /pr[5diktEbl/ a. 可预言的 prime /praim/ n. 青春,精华 computation /kCmpju:5teiFEn/ n. 计算 possess /pE5zes/ v. 拥有 trade-off /treid Cf/ n. 交换,平衡 quotient /5kwEuFEnt/ n. 商,份额 sonata /sE5nB:tE/ n. 奏鸣曲 根据朗读标记，听录音跟读，然后背诵。 The ups︵ ↗and downs︵ of life▼ may seem to have no predictable plan. But scientists know▼ there︵ are very definite patterns▼ that almost︵ all people share. Even︵ if you've passed some︵ of your "prime", you still have other prime years to experience▼ in the future. Certain︵ important primes seem to peak later ︵ in life. When︵ are you smartest?↘ From18-25, according to I.Q. scores; but you're wiser↗ and more experienced▼ with︵ increasing︵ age. You're sharpest︵ in your 20's; around 30, memory begins to decline, particularly your︵ ability to perform mathematical computations. But your I.Q. for︵ other tasks climbs. Your vocabulary at︵ age 45, for︵ example, is three times︵ as great︵ as when you graduated from college. At 60, ↗your brain possesses︵ almost▼ four times︵ as much︵ information︵ as︵ it did▼ at age 21. This trade︵-off between sharpness︵ ↗and