NDA 20-688/SLR-016
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Patanol
(olopatadine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution) 0.1%
DESCRIPTION
PATANOL® (olopatadine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution) 0.1 % is a sterile ophthalmic solution
containing olopatadine, a relatively selective H1-receptor antagonist and inhibitor of histamine release
from the mast cell for topical administration to the eyes. Olopatadine hydrochloride is a white,
crystalline, water-soluble powder with a molecular weight of 373.88. The chemical structure is
presented below:
Chemical Name: 11-[(Z)-3-(Dimethylamino)propylidene]-6-11-dihydrodibenz[b,e] oxepin-2-acetic
acid hydrochloride
[Structure]
Each mL of PATANOL contains: Active: 1.11 mg olopatadine hydrochloride equivalent to 1 mg
olopatadine.
Preservative: benzalkonium chloride 0.01 %. Inactives: dibasic sodium phosphate; sodium chloride;
hydrochloric acid/sodium hydroxide (adjust pH); and purified water. It has a pH of approximately 7
and an osmolality of approximately 300 mOsm/kg. DM-00
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
Olopatadine is an inhibitor of the release of histamine from the mast cell and a relatively selective
histamine H1-antagonist that inhibits the in vivo and in vitro type 1 immediate hypersensitivity reaction
including inhibition of histamine induced effects on human conjunctival epithelial cells. Olopatadine is
devoid of effects on alpha-adrenergic, dopamine and muscarinic type 1 and 2 receptors. Following
topical ocular administration in man, olopatadine was shown to have low systemic exposure. Two
studies in normal volunteers (totaling 24 subjects) dosed bilaterally with olopatadine 0.15%
ophthalmic solution once every 12 hours for 2 weeks demonstrated plasma concentrations to be
generally below the quantitation limit of the assay (<0.5 ng/mL). Samples in which olopatadine was
quantifiable were typically found within 2 hours of dosing and ranged from 0.5 to 1.3 ng/mL. The
half-life in plasma was approximately 3 hours, and elimination was predominantly through renal
excretion. Approximately 60-70% of the dose was recovered in the urine as parent drug. Two
metabolites, the mono-desmethyl and the N-oxide, were detected at low concentrations in the urine.
Results from an environmental study demonstrated that PATANOL was effective in the treatment of
the signs and symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis when dosed twice daily for up to 6 weeks. Results
from conjunctival antigen challenge studies demonstrated that PATANOL, when subjects were
challenged with antigen both initially and up to 8 hours after dosing, was significantly more effective
than its vehicle in preventing ocular itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
PATANOL (olopatadine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution) 0.1 % is indicated for the treatment of the
signs and symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
PATANOL (olopatadine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution) 0.1 % is contraindicated in persons with a
known hypersensitivity to olopatadine hydrochloride or any components of PATANOL.
NDA 20-688/SLR-016
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WARNINGS
PATANOL (olopatadine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution) 0.1% is for topical use only and not for
injection or oral use.
PRECAUTIONS
Information for Patients: To prevent contaminating the dropper tip and solution, care should be taken
not to touch the eyelids or surrounding areas with the dropper tip of the bottle. Keep bottle tightly
closed when not in use.
Patients should be advised not to wear a contact lens if their eye is red. PATANOL® (olopatadine
hydrochloride ophthalmic solution) 0.1 % should not be used to treat contact lens related irritation. The
preservative in PATANOL, benzalkonium chloride, may be absorbed by soft contact lenses. Patients
who wear soft contact lenses and whose eyes are not red should be instructed to wait at least ten
minutes after instilling PATANOL (olopatadine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution) 0.1% before they
insert their contact lenses.
Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility: Olopatadine administered orally was not
carcinogenic in mice and rats in doses up to 500 mg/kg/day and 200 mg/kg/day, respectively. Based on
a 40 µL drop size, these doses were 78,125 and 31,250 times higher than the maximum recommended
ocular human dose (MROHD). No mutagenic potential was observed when olopatadine was tested in
an in vitro bacterial reverse mutation (Ames) test, an in vitro mammalian chromosome aberration assay
or an in vivo mouse micronucleus test. Olopatadine administered to male and female rats at oral doses
of 62,500 times MROHD level resulted in a slight decrease in the fertility index and reduced
implantation rate; no effects on reproductive function were observed at doses of 7,800 times the
maximum recommended ocular human use level.
Pregnancy: Pregnancy Category C. Olopatadine was found not to be teratogenic in rats and rabbits.
However, rats treated at 600 mg/kg/day, or 93,750 times the MROHD and rabbits treated at 400
mg/kg/day, or 62,500 times the MROHD, during organogenesis showed a decrease in live fetuses.
There are, however, no adequate and well controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal
studies are not always predictive of human responses, this drug should be used in pregnant women
only if the potential benefit to the mother justifies the potential risk to the embryo or fetus.
Nursing Mothers: Olopatadine has been identified in the milk of nursing rats following oral
administration. It is not known whether topical ocular administration could result in sufficient systemic
absorption to produce detectable quantities in the human breast milk. Nevertheless, caution should be
exercised when PATANOL (olopatadine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution) 0.1% is administered to a
nursing mother.
Pediatric Use: Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients below the age of 3 years have not been
established.
Geriatric Use: No overall differences in safety or effectiveness have been observed between elderly
and younger patients.
ADVERSE REACTIONS
Headaches have been reported at an incidence of 7%. The following adverse experiences have been
reported in less than 5% of patients: Asthenia, blurred vision, burning or stinging, cold syndrome, dry
NDA 20-688/SLR-016
Page 5
eye, foreign body sensation, hyperemia, hypersensitivity, keratitis, lid edema, nausea, pharyngitis,
pruritis, rhinitis, sinusitis, and taste perversion. Some of these events were similar to the underlying
disease being studied.
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
The recommended dose is one drop in each affected eye two times per day at an interval of 6 to 8
hours.
HOW SUPPLIED
PATANOL (olopatadine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution) 0.1% is supplied as follows: 5 mL in
plastic DROP-TAINER© dispenser.
5 mL: NDC 0065-0271-05
Storage: Store at 39°F-77°F (4°C-25°C)
Rx Only
U.S. Patents Nos. 4,871,865; 4,923,892; 5,116,863; 5,641,805.
©2000, 2002 Alcon Laboratories, Inc.
Alcon
ALCON LABORATORIES, INC.
Fort Worth, Texas 76134 USA
PatGER-0802 Revised: August 2002
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