nullGrammarGrammarsentencesnull句子成份★ 句子一般由两个部分组成：主语部分（ subject group）谓语部分（ predicate group）★ 句子成份：主·谓·宾·
表
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补定·状·nullMembers of sentence:
S --- subject
P --- predicative
O --- object
Attri.---attribute
Adv.--- adverb
Oc --- object complement
主宾表补定状null1) 主语（subject）I like football.The boy needs a pen. 句子的主体，全句述说的对象。一般由
担任,常置于句首。2) 谓语（predicate）说明主语的动作或状态。由 担任。常置于主语后。 The train leaves at 6 o’clock.I want a ticket.,动词不定式,动名词 或从句名词,主格代词动词null3) 宾语（object）4) 表语（predicative）He won the game. On the desk表示vt.的动作对象或prep.所联系的对象。
由n.或相当于n.的词担任。置于vt.或prep.后。Tome lost his life in the big fire.He is a student.用以表述主语的特征、状态、身份等。
由n.或adj.担任。置于系动词之后。null 除了be 系动词外，还有一些动词也可以用作系动词，
1)表感官的动词:
2) 表转变变化的动词:
3)表延续的动词feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等。become, get, grow, turn, go,等remain, keep, hold, stay, rest等。null5) 宾补（objective complement） 补充说明宾语的情况 。
由n. /adj. /介宾 /分词 /不定式等担任。They made him king.‹ ›I consider the book too expensive.‹ ›6) 定语（attributive）
对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示,通常位于被修饰的成分前。The black bike is mine.( )null说明1：当定语修饰不定代词如：nothing , anything ,
everything , something 等时，定语要放在其后作后置定语
我告诉他一些有趣的事情。
I tell him something interesting .
说明2：不定式、短语或从句作定语时，也放在被修饰的名词之后。
这间屋子里的男孩子们是10班的。
The boys in the room are in Class Ten. null7) 状语（adverbial）用以修饰adj. /v. /adv.及全句,位置灵活。通常在句子基本结构之后，强调时放在句首；
修饰形容词或副词时，通常位于被修饰的词之前；
表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头，强调时放在句首，
一些表示不确定时间（如：often）或程度（如：almost）的副词状语通常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，动词之前。I am very sorry.
We often help him. When I grow up , I am going to be a teacher .
（从句作时间状语)
句子类型句子类型简单句并列句复合句nullⅠ.简单句1. Things changed.
2. Trees are green.
3. We don’t beat children.
4. He gave his sister the piano.
5. I found the book easy. 主 + 谓主 + 系 + 表主 + 谓 + 宾主 + 谓 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语‹ ›主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补nullNobody went.
She became a doctor.
The car caught fire.
I will write you a long letter.
I will let him go. Practice‹ ›主 + 谓主 + 系 + 表主 + 谓 + 宾主 + 谓 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补nullⅡ.并列句This is me and these are my friends.
They must stay in water, or they will die.
It’s not cheap, but it is very good.
It was late, so I went to bed. andorbut soHe knocked at the door; there was no answer.
You’re alive! And she’s dead.null名词性从句状语从句定语从句主语从句表语从句宾语从句同位语从句Ⅲ.复合句A plane is a machine that can fly.He said that he didn’t like her.exercisesexercises1.They are working on the farm now.
2.Seeing is believing
3.All of us like Kobe Bryant very much
4.She became a doctor in 1998
5.The book lying on the floor are mine
6.Suddenly it begins to rain null 7.To catch the train ,I got up early yesterday
8.I always find her happy
9.He wonders If I still study English
10.The letter which I received the
day before yesterday was a friend of mine
11.We always work hard at English.
12.He said he didn't come.
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