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nullAims of the CourseAims of the Coursea. Vocabulary b. Paraphrase c. Structure d. Style e. RhetoricLesson oneLesson oneObjectives of TeachingObjectives of TeachingTo comprehend the whole text To lean and master the vocabulary and expressions To learn to paraphrase the difficult sentences To understand the structure of the text To appreciate the style and rhetoric of the passage.Important and difficult points: Important and difficult points: 1. The comprehension and appreciation of the words describing sound, colour, light, heat, size and smell. 2. The appreciation of the words and expressions used for stress and exaggeration. 3. Some useful expressions such as to make a point of, it is a point of honour…, and etc.Writing StyleWriting StyleA description is painting a picture in words of a person, place, object, or scene.  a description is generally developed through sensory details, or the impressions of one’s senses --- sight, hearing, taste, smell and touch. The writer chooses those that help to bring out the dominant characteristic of the person or thing described.  Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text1. Middle East: Southeast Asia and Northeast Africa, including the Near East and Iran and Afghanistan. *image-1* (中东地图） *image-2*（中东集市， flash) The Middle Eastern bazaar reminds you of things hundreds --- even thousands--- of years ago.Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the TextPersonification: an act of personifying sth. that is without life Hyperbole: overstate or exaggerate sth. in order to make it sound bigger, smaller, better, worse, etc. than it really isDetailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text2. particular: special, single and different from others. The teacher took particular (special) notice of me. On this particular (single) day we had to be at school early. Detailed Study of the Text 3. Gothic-arched: a type of architecture Goth: one of the German tribes  arch: a curved top sometimes with a central point resting on 2 supports as above a door. *image-3*（拱型门） Detailed Study of the TextnullDetailed Study of the Textaged: a. [d] （ 此处要求用音标） My son is aged 10. a middle aged couple b. [id] ancient He is aged. her aged grandfather Medicare for the sick & aged Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text4. glare: shining intensely, uncomfortably, and too strong; in a way unpleasant to the eyes  5. cavern: a large deep cave, closed roofed place. Here in the text we can see that it is a long, narrow, dark street of workshops and stores with some sort of roof over them.Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text6. losing itself in the shadowy distance: In the farthest distance everything becomes obscure, unclear, only dimly visible in the dark surroundings.  shadow: darkness where direct light, esp. sunlight, is blocked by sth. Detailed Study of the Textshadowy: hard to see or know about clearly, not distinct, dim 7. harmony: musical notes combined together in a pleasant sounding way harmoniously: in a pleasant and peaceful wayDetailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text tinkle: to make a light metallic sound The rain tinkled on the metal roof. to tinkle coins together Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text8. throng: large crowd of people, a crowd of people busy doing sth.   Throng varies so little in meaning from crowd that the two words are often used interchangeably without loss. Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the TextThrong sometimes carries the stronger implication of movement and of pushing and the weaker implication of density. The pre-Xmas sale attracted a throng of shoppers. Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text10. roadway: a. central part used by cars, the middle part of a road where cars drive b. a narrow piece of land over which a road passes Detailed Study of the Text11. narrow: make or become narrow In the bright sunlight she had to narrow her eyes. The river narrows at this point. 12. stall: BrE. a table or small open-fronted shop in a public place, sth. not permanent, often can be put together and taken away, on which wares are set up for sale. Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text13. din: loud, confused, continuous noise. The word often suggests unpleasant, disordered mixture of confusing and disturbing sounds. The din in the theatre stopped when the curtain was raised. the din of the cheerful crowd Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text14. wares (always-pl.) articles offered for sale, usu. not in a shop. to advertise / hawk / peddle one's wares 15. would-be: likely, possible, which one wishes to be but is not a would-be musician / football player her would-be husbandDetailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text17. bargain: to talk about the condition of a sale, agreement, or contract 18. dizzy: feeling as if everything were turning round The two-day journey on the bus makes me dizzy. Detailed Study of the Text19. penetrate: to enter, pass, cut, or force a way into or through. The bullet can penetrate a wall. Rainwater has penetrated through the roof of my house.Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text20. fade: to lose strength, colour, freshness, etc. fade away: go slowly out of hearing, gradually disappearing The light faded as the sun went down. The sound of the footsteps faded away. Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the TextThe farther you push / force your way into the bazaar, the lower and softer the noise becomes until finally it disappears. Then you arrive at the cloth market where the sound is hardly audible. Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text21. mute: verb: to reduce the sound of, to make a sound softer than usual to mute a musical instrument Here in the text the word "muted" is used to suggest the compelling circumstances, forcing you to lower your sound. Detailed Study of the Text22. beaten: (of a path, track, etc.) that is given shape by the feet of those who pass along it, suggesting ancientness, timelessness. The path becomes flat because of the walking of countless people through thousands of years. We followed a well-beaten path through the forest. Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text23. deaden: to cause to lose strength, force, feeling, and brightness Two of these pills will deaden the pain. 24. vaulted: in the form of a vault --- a series of arches built to form a roof 25. measured: carefully controlledDetailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text26. overwhelm: overcome, control completely and usu. suddenly Sorrow overwhelmed the family. She was overwhelmed with grief. They won an overwhelming victory / majority.Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text27. sepulchral: related to grave, gloomy, dismal sepulchre: old and bibl. use, a burial place; a tomb Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text28. follow suit: to do the same as someone else has done, to play / to deal the cards of the same suits。 A set of cards consists of 4 suits.They are hearts, diamonds, spades and clubs. In poker, if someone deals a spade, you follow suit. When the others went swimming, I followed suit. He went to bed and I followed suit after a few minutes. Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text29. peculiarity: a special feature that is different from normal or usual, strangeness. One of his peculiarities is that his two eyes are not of the same colour. The large fantail is a peculiarity of the peacock. Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text30. deal in: sell and buy, trade in This merchant deals in silk goods. Most foreign trading companies in West Africa deal in rubber, cocoa and vegetable oils. Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text31. scatter: to cause (a group) to separate widely, to spread widely in all directions as if by throwing Hearing the explosion, the frightened people scattered about in all directions. Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text One of the special features / characteristics of the M.E. bazaar is that shopkeepers in the same trade always gather together in the same place to do their business.Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text32. knit: to make things to wear by uniting threads into a kind of close network. Here, to unite or join closely 33. guild / gild: an association for businessmen or skilled workers who joined together in former times to help one another Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text34. persecution: cruel treatment persecute: to treat cruelly, cause to suffer, esp. for religious or political beliefs Many intellectuals were persecuted in the Cultural Revolution. be persecuted by sb. for sth. suffer from political / religious persecution Detailed Study of the Text35. line: form rows along   36. trestle: wooden beam fixed at each end to a pair of spreading legs, used, usu. in pairs, as a removable support of a table or other flat surface. Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text37. order of the day: the characteristic or dominant feather or activity, the prevailing state of things If sth. is the order of the day, it is very common among a particular group of people Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the TextLearning English is now the order of the day in China. Jeans and mini-skirts are no longer the order of the day now. Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text38. veil: covering of fine net or other material to protect or hide a woman's face 39. leisure: time free from work, having plenty of free time, not in a hurry to do sth.  40. pace: rate or speed in walking, marching, running or developing Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text41. preliminary: coming before sth., introducing or preparing for sth. more important, preparatory There were several preliminary meetings before the general assembly. A physical examination is a preliminary to joining the army. Detailed Study of the Text42. beat down: to reduce by argument or other influence, to persuade sb. to reduce a price The man asked $50 for the dress, but I beat him down to $35. Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text43. a point of honour: sth. considered important for one's self-respect It's a point of honour with me to keep my promise = I made it a point of honour to keep my promise.Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text In our country, it is a point of honour with a boy to pay the bill when he is dining with a girl / when he dines a girl; but on the other hand, a western girl would regard it a point of honour (with her) to pay the bill herself.Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text44. make a point of / make it a point to: do sth because one considers it important or necessary, to take particular care of, make extraordinary efforts in, regard or treat as necessary I always make a point of checking that all the windows are shut before I go out. Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the TextI always made a point of being on time. I always make a point of remembering my wife's birthday. He made a point of thanking his hostess before he left the party.Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text45. what it is: used to stress What is it she really likes? What is it you do? What is it you really want? 46. protest: to express one's disagreement, feeling of unfairness Here: insist firmly Detailed Study of the Text47. deprive of: take away from The judge deprived him of his political rights. The accident deprived him of his sight / hearing.Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text48. sacrifice: to give up or lose, esp. for some good purpose or belief The ancient Greeks sacrificed lambs or calves before engaging in a battle. (infml) to sell sth. at less than its cost or value I need the money and I have to sacrifice (on the price of) my car. Detailed Study of the Text49. regard: respect Regard is colourless and formal. It usu. requires a modifier to reinforce its meaning I hold her in high / low / the greatest regard. to have a high / low regard for sb's opinion. Steve was not highly regarded in his hometown. Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text50. the customer coming and going at intervals. at intervals: happening regularly after equal periods of time Trains leave at short intervals. The trees were planted beside the road at 50-meters intervals. Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text51. picturesque: charming or interesting enough to be made into a picture, striking, vivid 52. -smith: a worker in metal, a maker copper- / gold- / tin- / black- / gun-smith Detailed Study of the Text53. bang: to hit violently, to make a loud noise The door banged open / shut. He banged the window shut. a noisy, usu. metallic sound of collision, swords clash The dustbins clashed as the men emptied them. Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text54. impinge on (upon): to have influence on, (Here: to strike) The strong light impinges on his eyes. The noise of the aeroplane overhead impinged on our ears. Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 55. distinct: clearly seen, heard, understood, etc. Anything clearly noticed is distinct. There is a distinct smell of cigarette smoke in this room. Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text56. round: to go round Please round your lips to say "oo". Stones rounded by the action of water are called cobbles. 57. burnish: to polish, esp. metal, usu. with sth. hard and smooth, to make smooth and shinyDetailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text58. brazier: open metal framework like a basket, usu. on legs, for holding a charcoal or coal fire (see picture in ALD) *image-4* (此处要一brazier的图，在ALD中可找到。） 60. incredible: too strange to be believed, unbelievable Detailed Study of the Textcredible: deserving or worthy of belief, trustworthy Is the witness's story credible? 61. hammer away at: away: continuously, constantly He was laughing away all afternoon.Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text62. vessel: a round container, such as a glass, a pot, or a bottle, used for holding liquids 63. bellows: an instrument for blowing air into a fire to make it burn quickly *image-5* （此处要一风箱图） Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text64. the red of the live… The light of the burning coal becomes alternately bright and dim (by turns, one follows the other) as the charcoal burns and dies down, burns again, along with the repeated movements of the bellows.Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text65. glow: send out brightness or warmth, heat or light without flame or smoke When you draw a deep mouthful, the cigarette tip glows. Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text66. rhythmically: happening at regular periods of time, alternately; by turns, at intervals 67. stroke: single movement, which is repeated (esp. in a sport or game) She can't swim but has made a few strokes with her arms.Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text68. engrave: to cut (words, pictures, etc.) on wood, stone, or metal The terrible memory was engraved on his mind. 69. delicate: finely made and easily broken as delicate as silk the delicate skin of a baby delicate feelingsDetailed Study of the Text Detailed Study of the Text 70. intricate: containing many detailed parts and thus difficult to understand. 71. functional: completely and exactly of practical use. Not ornamental, without many decorations a multi-functional machineDetailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text72. profusion: plenty, great or too great amount, abundance to make promises in profusion Seldom have I seen food and drink served in such profusion. 73. rich: (of colour) deep, strong, beautifulDetailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text74. texture: the arrangement of the threads in a textile fabric a carpet of loose / firm texture 75. bold: clearly formed, strongly formed words printed in bold type / printed in bold letters Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text76. pungent: (often neg.) having a strong, sharp, stinging, burning taste or smell Onions and garlic give out pungent smell. 77. exotic: (always positive, sth. pleasing) not native to the place where found, strikingly or excitingly different or unusual The smell and taste of kebab is exotic. Detailed Study of the Text78. sumptuous: costly, rich, showing great value A sumptuous meal was served to the visiting guests. The king wore sumptuous robes. 79. humble: (of things) poor Here, cheapDetailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text80. pottery: earthenware 81. maze: a confusing intricate network of passages a system of twisted passages which is very difficult to pass throughDetailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text82. honeycomb: A honeycomb is a wax structure made by bees, which contains lots of six-sided holes where they store the honey that they make v. to fill with holes, tunnels, hollow passages like a honeycombDetailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the TextThe streets cut the bazaar from all directions and lead towards all directions The streets cut the bazaar into many small sections, thus making it like a honeycomb. Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text83. glimpse: a quick, incomplete look of sth. out of the corner of one's eye Commonly glimpse means a brief view of a thing get a glimpse of You can get a glimpse of the tower when you drive past the square.Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text84. mosque: Moslem temple or place of worship (where there are wells, fountains, and space for assemble)Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text85. caravanserai: an inn surrounding a court in eastern countries where caravans rest at night caravan: a company of travellers on a journey through deserts of hostile regionsDetailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text86. disdainful: contemptuous, showing lack of respect, regard sb. or sth. as low and worthless Here, arrogant, in a superior manner, suggesting that the camels are all stately, strong, heads holding highDetailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text87. bale: large bundle of goods A Bale is a large bundle of goods bound up for storage or transportation and esp. one composed of materials (as hay, straw, cotton or wool) which are closely pressed together so as to form a mass, usu. tightly bound with cord or wireDetailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text 89. merchandise: (fml) things that you buy, sell or trade with 90. vast, sombre cavern of a room sombre: dark-coloured, gloomy, dismal, solemn, very serious atmosphere When sb. dies, there is a sombre mood. She was dressed in sombre black for the funeral.Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Textcavern of a room: her tyrant of a father a palace of a house Before him stood a little shrimp of a fellow.nullDetailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the Text91. revolve: to (cause to) spin round (on a central point), to go around in a circle a revolving door / stage Detailed Study of the Textcf: turn, revolve, rotate, spin, and circle Turn is a general, rather colourless word implying movement in circle after circle, or in a single full circle or through an arc of a circle a wheel turning on its axle He turned to speak to his friend.Detailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the TextDetailed Study of the TextRevolve may suggest regular circular motion on an orbit around sth. outside to it. The earth revolves around the sun. Rotate is likely to suggest a circular motion on