09年全国（I、II）高考英语备考讲座

nullnull《21st Century》（中学生版）、《English Salon》（阅读、实战、初级三版）顾问 北京 良乡中学 蒋英第一部分 以新课标为纲，领会 高考 地理事物空间分布特征语文高考下定义高考日语答题卡模板高考688高频词汇高考文言文120个实词 走向第一部分 以新课标为纲，领会高考走向影响学生学习和发展的 得体运用语言的保障 重要因素 提高学习 效率，发 展自主学 习能力的 先决条件 综合语言运用能力 的基础 情感态度语言技能学习策略文化意识语言知识综合语言 运用能力null具体指： 1. 词汇 英语3500词汇语境记忆pets3考试词汇二年级反义词和近义词初中词汇词汇大全考研英语二高频词汇表 3500个，其中名词2093个，动词818个，(其 中包括兼类词若干)，习惯用语及固定搭配400--- 500个（均指8级要求）；语法：总共24项,尤以 动词时态，非谓语动词，动词短语，从句，冠 词，代词等为复习重点。 2.要学会运用的话 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 有24项，举例说明： ·个人情况（Personal information） ·周围环境（Personal environments） ·日常活动（Daily routines） ·热点话题（ Topical issues ） ·文学艺术（Literature and art） null ·家庭朋友与周围的人 ( Family, friends and people around ) ·科普知识与现代技术 ( Popular science and modern technology ) 3. 要掌握的功能意念有11项，举例说明： ·社交（Social Communication）：包 括“问候、 介绍、告别、感谢”等。 ·态度（Attitudes）：包括“同意和不同意、喜欢 和不喜欢、希望和愿望”等。 ·情感（Emotions）：包括 “ 高兴、惊奇、忧虑” 等。 null4.语法新增的是： ·虚拟语气（The Subjunctive Mood）：掌 握 基 本用法。 ·动词时态（Verb Tenses）：除了八个基本的时 态外，另加“将来进行时、现在完成进行时”。 ·被动语态（Passive Voices）：十个时态及带情 态动词的被动态。 ·构词法（Word-formation）： 合成、派生、转 化、缩写和简写。 ·语音项目（Phonetic items）掌握主要英语国家 的语音差异及语调、重音、节奏等的运用。null新课标（八级）对后三项的要求是： •充分调动学生英语学习的积极性 •调整好学习英语的策略 •在阅读中了解体会英语国家的历史、地 理、风土人情、传统习俗、生 活方式、 文学艺术、行为规范和价值观念等。第二部分 以 教材 民兵爆破地雷教材pdf初中剪纸校本课程教材衍纸校本课程教材排球校本教材中国舞蹈家协会第四版四级教材 为主线，融入考纲精神第二部分 以教材为主线，融入考纲精神1.系统且精当复习现行教材，根据考纲，适当扩展 *本学期：高一至高三共58个单元，每周6节，4节 讲高三课教材，两节复习前四册。 本学期结束时，争取58个单元全过一遍。 *下学期：综合复习（参见“第三部分”） *穿插复习前四册的方法： 。举例说明： SEFCS（2B）Unit 20 Archaeology (考古学) null(1) 归纳重点 单词 英语单词 下载七年级上册英语单词表下载英语单词表下载深圳小学英语单词表 下载高中英语单词 下载 和短语： A. 单词： 装潢/装饰，矛/梭镖，皇帝，差别/对比，坐垫/ 垫石，近乎/接近，平均的，遥远的/偏僻的，陪 伴/陪同，三角形，备用的/额外的/省出/抽出… B. 短语： tend to，in terms of，in the eye of，lend sb. a hand，serve as，dig up，date back to, give sb. an idea of，a variety of，pull up, trade…for / trade in … for，accompany sb. to (keep sb. company to), come for，call in , a flow chart，What is/was called…,have a /no knowledge of (= know /not know)… null(2) 归纳语法：全篇均用“情动+have done”表推测, 例如： · There was a bone pin that may have been from a piece of clothing such as a leather coat. · That would have made him a man of distinction. · He may have had a hand in planning the monument, or in helping transport and pull up the stones. (3) 归纳词汇并扩展： null· 前一页第三句中有一短语 pull up（竖起）可扩展 其含义：使停止，拔掉，制止，责备等。联系学 过的 pull 短语的含义：pull on（用拉的方式）穿 上，戴上；pull off 脱掉； pull out 拔出；pull down 拆毁；pull through 度过难关， 摆脱。 ·第三句中还有一短语 have a hand in… 和…有关, 干预，负责 = take a hand in…/ participate in… / be partly responsible for… ·重要的短语：in terms of = in sth’s terms / with regard to / regarding ；tend to…等。 null(4) 难句分析及翻译： At first it was thought that the skills to make copper and bronze objects spread to Britain was through war and armed conflict, but it is now believed to have happened through trade and cultural links.（倒数第一段6句） 该句可改为：Now it is believed that the skills to make copper and bronze objects spread to Britain was through trade and cultural links instead of war and armed conflict. (5) 口头总结该文的general idea，以利于思维。null2.以历年高考题为依据，延伸扩展。 强调句型： 1) It wasn’t until the twentieth century that modern poetry was really developed. (2A Unit 4) It wasn’t until nearly a month later ___I received the manager’s reply. (05全国I卷) A. Since B. when C. as D. that 分词扩展为定语从句： 2) Cells either divide too fast or at the wrong time, making it difficult for the body to function properly. ( 2A Unite 7) nullEuropean football is played in 80 countries, ___ it the most popular sport in the world. (98) A. making B. makes C. made D. to make It习惯用法： 3) I hate it when someone calls me up in the middle of the night. ( 1B Unit 15) I’d appreciate ____ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer. (06山东24题) A. that B. it C. this D. you null3. 强调背诵写作中要用到的新鲜词语及典型句子 例如：下载：download ； 简单地说： to put it simply； 照着/仿照：after…； 可以肯定的是： What is certain is…； 一股风： a puff of wind； 工作狂 workaholic； 帮大忙： do a lot of good ； 与…和谐相处 ： in harmony with…； 消灭死亡和痛苦： put an end to death and suffering ； 有大成效： make a big difference； 使生活过得充实：to live life to the fullest ； Imagination is more important than knowledge. --- Albert Einstein ( 2A unit 1 ) 第三部分 认真研读高考试题, 尤其是近五年来的试题, 总结规律, 预见未来.第三部分 认真研读高考试题, 尤其是近五年来的试题, 总结规律, 预见未来.1. 听力：系统听2001年以来的全国高考听力试题 2001年全国普高听力部分原文： 第10段：（注意“停顿、连读、意群等听力技巧） What happened to me that day is just unbe- lievable. The first thing to go wrong was that all the parking spaces were taken....By the time it was my turn, two of the courses I need- ed were filled and I had to go back to my advi- ser and make out a whole new timetable.null2002年全国普高听力部分原文： 第5段：（注意听对话的核心词语，分析背景） W: How many nights do you plan to stay with us? M: Three. I'll be checking out on Friday morning. Question: When is the man checking in? A. Friday B. Thursday C. Tuesday 第6段：（注意对话中的习语含义）nullM: How come David is always so full of energy? W: He has a strange but highly effective way of sleeping. Question: How does the man feel about David’s way of sleeping? best A. It's effective. B. It's strange C. It's the null2003年北京听力原文（第10段）(训练中速阅读) W: ...I understand how you feel, sir, but there simply isn't any room. The person who took your booking must have forgotten to write it down. I'm afraid it was just a mistake. He's new, you see. M: Just a mistake! Do you realize I've invited some very important... null焦点：强化提高听的能力。 ∎根据2000年英语教学大纲（修订版）的要求，听 力语速为100—110 / wpm。 ∎根据《新课标》的精神，没 有 规定 语速，但有目 标描述：根据语音、语调 了解和表达隐含的意图和 态度；根据语音 辨别和书写不太熟悉的单词或简单 的 语句 ( 8 级 要求) 。与各国人士交谈时或听不同 国家人士讲英语的录音时，能克服不同口音带来的 困难，听懂大意（9级要求）。 ∎掌握听的技巧：正确的意群、连读、失去爆破； 抓住听力中的关键词语。每天坚持听 10 分钟，可 听课本录音，不一定都是考题。null2. 词汇记忆：学会归纳、整理、组合等。例如： A. 词根扩展法 class classic classical classify classification 例如： A. He always travels first-class on the plane. B. This is a classic novelist. C. I like English classical literature. D. Attempt had been made by others to classify plant species into groups, but… (3B U4) E. Aspirin belongs to the classification of non- prescription drugs. 对比：processnullB. 拆分法 privilege private legal （特权/特别待遇） （私有的） （法律上） E.g. Born into a life of privilege, Joseph Banks was the son of a wealthy family. ( 3B U4 ) extraordinary extra ordinary (特别/不平常/惊人) (额外/超出) (平常) E.g. The extraordinary thing is, my feelings are more special when I sing my favorite songs in English. (2A U4 )nullC. 联想法 stand out outstanding (突出/显眼) (突出的/杰出的) Professional footballers have to be very, very good, and to play for a leading club they must be outstanding. (3B U16) go out outgoing easygoing ( 走出 ) (外向的/爽直的) (温和宽容的) My wife is easygoing, so she has many friends in the neighborhood. (3B U8)nullD. 类比法 transport transform translate 运输/运送 转变/改观 翻译 Transparent transportation translation 透明/明显的 运输 翻译/调动 He built a transparent wall through which he could observe what went on inside. (SECSB U14) 他做了一个透明的墙，透过墙他可以观察到 (蜜蜂) 在里面的活动情况。 nullE.对比法 Senior 年长/高等的 junior 年幼/低等的 Maximum 最大量/值 minimum 最小量/最低限度 Major/majority较多/大多/数minor/minority较少/ 较小/少数 They also found out that bees fly a maximum distance of 3.2 kilometers between their hive and a feeding place. ( SECSB 3 Unit 14 ) F.完整记忆词汇 The final score of the basketball match was 93-94. We were only ___ beaten. (07天津14) A. Nearly B. slightly C. narrowly D. lightlynull3.语法要点：抓热点、重视难点 (尤其中等难度试 题 )、注意情景中运用。例如： A. 定语从句 (The Restrictive Attributive Clause and Non-restrictive Attributive Clause ) 1) In the dark street, there wasn't a single person ___ she could turn for help. ( 92 ) A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom 2) I have many friends, ______ some are business- men. ( 05全国I ) A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whomnull关系词whose和which作定语的区别： ☆ I often get up at 6, at which time it is still very dark in winter. ☆ He visited America and Canada, in which countries he had a good time. ☆ Chaplin went to the States in 1910, by which time he had learnt to dance and act in comedies. ☆ We told her to see a doctor, which advice she took. ( = She took the advice that we told her to see a doctor.) null☆ The exact details of Thu’s journey vary according to which newspaper you read. Some say he traveled to 33 countries in 84 days, others say it was 28 countries in 77 days. 规律：关系词which作定语，表示与被说明的先行 词等的关系是同位关系。区别介词+关系词（作 宾语）的定语从句。 null认清分隔式定语从句： ☆ The Film brought the hours back to me___ I was taken good care of in that far-away village. ( 2001) A. until B. that C. when D. where 对比分隔式同位语从句： The question came up at the meeting whether we had enough money for our research. nullWhich表内容： Eric received training in computer for one year, ____ he found a job in a big company. (07辽宁) A. after that B. after which C. after it D. after this 请留意下面两句： 1) Most of the audience wondered what idea a man who’s deaf from birth can have ( ) music. 2) I’m anxious about what note he took in the back of his diary ( / ) things to mend or replace. in / which / to offrom / to / ontoofnull高考不准确的定语从句： There was ___ time ____ I hated to go to school. A. a; that B. a; when C. the; that D. the; when ( 04 湖北 23题 ) 该题 A 也对，请看下题： There was a time that all scientists were willing to share their results. (也可用 when ) This is a last time that I’ll give you a lesson. ( that 可省，但不能用 when 替代 ) null省略关系词的情况： 除先行词在定语从句中作动词宾语或介词宾语外， 尚有如下情况要留意： 1. There are 11 other minerals (that/ which) make up the salt water of the oceans. 2. After the second world war, Australia began to transform itself into the modern country ( that/ which) it is today. ( SESCB3 Unit 3 ) 3. This was the first time（ that ）I had serious trouble with my boss. nullB. 状语从句 ( The Adverbial Clause ) 1) The WTO cannot live up to its name ___it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind. ( 2000 ) A. as long as B. while C. if D. even though 2) ---Have you got any idea for the summer vacation? ---I don’t mind where we go ____ there’s sun, sea and beach. ( 08 全国 I ) A. As if B. as long as C. now that D. in order that 对比上两道题 as long as区别。null3) We all know that, ___, the situation will get worse. A. not if dealt carefully with B. if not carefully dealt with C. if dealt not carefully with D. not if carefully dealt with ( 07 全国 ) 4) ---Do you have a minute? I’ve got something to tell you. ---OK, ___ you make it short. ( 08 安徽 ) A. now that B. if only C. as long as D. every time 请留意3、4句的省略现象。 null5) This is a very interesting book. I’ll buy it, ____. A. how much may it cost B. No matter how it may cost C. however much it may cost D. How may it cost ( 06 陕西第20题 ) 6) ___ hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread. (08 辽宁第28题) A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Wherever D. However 请留意 wh + ever 结构在句中的成分。(请参见后第 5页) null对比： ＊ Perhaps I'll see you in August, if I have time. ＊ I'll see you in August, when I come back. 7) Why do you want a new job___ you've get such a good one already? ( 98 ) A. that B. whose C. which D. when 8) Nancy enjoyed herself so much ___ she visited her friend in Sydney last year. ( 08 福建 ) A. that B. which C. when D. where 请留意 when 在句中的用法及语境，另有 while 作 连词用时的意思及在句中的不同含义。 null状语从句中需要注意的连词有： ☆ as, when, while 表时间时的区别。 ☆ because, as, since, for 表原因时的区别。 ☆ unless,*in case ( in case of / in the case of ) , when /since , as long as, so far as / as far as; generally speaking，speaking of，talking of， judging from / by，considering，granted / granting, seeing，supposing，respecting， providing / provided, given, regarding 表条件 等时的用法。 null例如： ___the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation. ( 2000 春考) A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given 对比： Given more attention, the trees could have grown better. 9) ____, the more expensive the camera, the better its quality. ( 05 辽宁) A. General speaking B. Speaking general C. Generally speaking D. Speaking generallynull10)____ his wife had just recovered from a bad cold, he decided not to take her to the party. A. Considered B. Considering that C. Provided that D. Providing that 有些可用短语表示，例如：taking everything into consideration(考虑到各种因素)等。 11) Taking everything into consideration, he is an excellent singer in the party. 前述所表示的看似分词而实际相当于介词或连词的 结构，或是相当于独立的插入语，应引起注意。null♣ 留意“一…就…”的说法： As soon as, hardly… when, no sooner…than, scarcely…when; the moment /minute / second / instant; ；immediately / scarcely / secondly / directly ； on doing； ♣ “wh + ever”引起的从句： whatever, whoever, whomever, whoever, whenever, wherever, however, whichever ; 另有whether表让步要注意。 12) The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit ____ the season. ( 08 全国I) however A. whatever B. wherever C. whenever D. null请留意下列句子 unless 和 if …not 的异同 （ 前者 不用 unless，后者可 用 unless ） : a) I’ll feel much happier if he doesn’t come with us. b) You’ll be late unless you hurry. 尤要注意It is / was not ... until ...的三种变化形式。 13) Not until all the fish died in the river ____ how serious the pollution was. ( 05 全国 ) A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realize C. the villagers did realize D. didn’t the villagers realize null高考中引起争议的状语从句： ____, he talk a lot about his favorite singers after class. A. A quiet student as he may be B. Quiet student as he may be C. Be a quiet student as he may D. Quiet as he may be a student (05重庆第27题) ( 表语提前, A, B 均对) ♣ A skilled skateboarder as I am now, I won’t try a trick that is too dangerous. ( SEFCS B3 U1 p149) nullC. 动词时态 ( Verb Tenses ) 1) --- Sorry, Joe, I didn't mean to ... --- Don't call me "Joe". I'm Mr. Parker to you, and ____ you forget it ! ( 03 全国 ) A. do B. didn't C. did D. don't 感叹句除用what / how引导外，尚有多种表达方式： Would you believe it ! (这事简直叫人难以相信！) Can you imagine being in class by 8:30! Don’t you speak to me like that! ---Do you think George could write a novel? 不信”) ---George writes a novel!(回响感叹---表“惊奇、null2) --- Is there anything wrong, Bob? You look sad. --- Oh, nothing much. In fact, I __ of my friends back home. ( 07 全国II 第15题 ) A. have just thought B. was just thinking C. would just think D. will just be thinking 3) ---Your phone number again? ---I ____ quite catch it. ( 95 全国第12题 ) A. didn’t B. couldn’t C. don’t D. can’t 4) ---You haven’t said a word about my new coat, Brenda. Do you like it? --- I’m sorry, I ____ anything about it sooner. I nullcertainly think it’s pretty on you. (02 全国) A. wasn’t saying B. don’t say C. won’t say D. didn’t say D. 情态动词 ( Modal Verbs ) 情态动词分为主要用法和次要用法两类，主要用法 常考，但难度稍弱，次要用法出现较少，但难度较 大。08年渐转向对次要用法的考查。例如： 1) Liza ___ well not want to go on the trip --- she hates traveling. (08全国II) A. Will B. can C. must D. may 注：may well(极有可能=might/can ~), 该句属次要 用法。 null2) She ____ have left school, for her bike is still here. (08 天津) A. can’t B. wouldn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t 请区别 must have done （表“推测”不用于否定句） 3) Peter ____ be ready difficult at times even though he’s a nice person in general. ( 08 辽宁) A. shall B. should C. can D. must (表“理论”) 4) -- There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well. -- It ____ a comfortable journey. ( 95 全国) A. can't be B. shouldn't be C. mustn't have been D. couldn't have beennull情态动词表推测的程度： must will would should He ought to be a teacher. can (not ) could may might 注：对过去的推测用“情态动词+have been/done”表示null情态动词表本来能做某事而未做(含“推论”意义）： * 5) What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he ____ better. (08 江西) A. need have done B. must have done C. can have done D. might have done 6) -- I stayed at a hotel while in New York. -- Oh, did you? You ____ with Barbara. ( 98 ) A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed 有些实义动词也具有上面的含义。例如：null7) -- Alice, why didn't you come yesterday? ( 97 ) -- I , but I had an unexpected visitor. A. had B. would C. was going to D. did 8) -- Tom, you didn’t come to the party last night? -- I ____, but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do. (08 全国II) A. had to B. didn’t C. was going to D. wouldn’t ☆ I thought it was going to be fun. I also thought that I would make a lot of new friends. However, I find it hard. ( 教材SBI A L54 例句)null再如： ☆ I had thought that Mary would come by but she didn't. ☆ There was to have been a restaurant here on the street, but they refused permission at the last moment. ☆ He was arranging the meeting for this morning, but it was put off because we were busy. ☆ I meant to tell you that yesterday. 类似的实义动词可表示这样的含义如下： null＊ would / should like ( love ) to have done = would have liked to，would rather have done ＊ was /