5种简单句

nullnullFive Types of Simple Sentences 简单句的五种类型null十大词类(Parts of Speech) 英语中的词可以根据词义，句法作用和形式特征分为十大词类：名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、介词、冠词、连词、数词、感叹词。 nullnull需要弄清楚的几个概念： 1、及物动词(vt.)：后面带有宾语，意思才能完整。 eg. They want some books. He is reading a book. 2、不及物动词(vi.)：本身意义完整，不需跟宾语。 　 eg. Birds fly. He works in the factory. 　 3、系动词：系动词本身虽有一定的词义，但不完整，不 能单独作谓语，必须和作表语的词语(如形容词,名词 等)连用,构成谓语。如：be (是), look(看起来像), become (成为,变得)等。 eg. They are teachers. He became very interested in science.　 null句子成分(Elements of the Sentence) 组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分，主要有：主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、补语、插入语、同位语等，其中主语和谓语是句子的主要成分。 nullnullFive Types of Simple Sentences 简单句的五种句型null简单句的五种基本结构：1. The sun rises. 2. I don’t like basketball. 3. Danny is tired. 4. I read her a story. 5. I helped her brush her teeth.主语 + 不及物动词主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语主语 + 系动词 + 表语主语 + 动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语主语 + 动词 + 宾语 + 宾补_________________________________________________________________________nullFive Types of Simple Sentences:1. 主语 + 不及物动词2. 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语3. 主语 + 系动词 + 表语4. 主语 + 动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语5. 主语 + 动词 + 宾语 + 宾补Subject + Intransitive VerbSubject + Transitive Verb + ObjectSubject + Link Verb + Predictive Subject + Verb + Indirect Object + Direct ObjectSubject + Verb + Object + ComplementnullFive Types of Simple Sentences:1. 主语 + 不及物动词2. 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语3. 主语 + 系动词 + 表语4. 主语 + 动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语5. 主语 + 动词 + 宾语 + 宾补 S + VS + V + OS + V + P S + V + IO + DOS + V + O+ Cnull 一、主语+不及物动词 （S+V） 这种句型中没有直接宾语,但常带有状语。例如： The water is boiling . S V They have been waiting there for hours . S V The train will leave soon . S V The flags are waving in the wind S V null二、主语+及物动词+宾语 （S+V+O） He has a sister. S V O They wanted to have a rest . S V O She carried out her plan . S V O He likes watching TV. S V Onull三、主语+系动词+表语 （S+V+P） 英文中的系动词主要是指be动词的各种变化形式，也包括那些有时起系动词作用的实义动词。 这类动词常见的有： become（变成） look（看上去） seem(看起来） get（变得) feel（摸起来） grow（变得） turn（变成） keep（保持） stand（保持） stay（保持） smell（闻起来） sound（听起来） taste（尝起来） … nullHe is a good student. S V P She is in the classroom. S V P It is getting warmer and warmer. S V P The trees turn green. S V P null四、主语+动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 （S+V+IO+DO） 这类句型常有“给某人某物”、“送某人某物”、“留给某人某物”等意思。常见的这类谓语动词后接to的有： give(给某人…) bring(带给某人…) tell(告诉某人..) send(送给某人…), leave(留给某人…) pass(递给某人…) read(给某人读…) write(给某人写…), take(给某人拿…) show(给某人看…) teach(教某人…) get(给某人弄到…) lend(借给某人…) buy(给某人买…) pay(支付某人…) hand(递给某人…) … nullShe brought me a shirt . S V IO DO Pass him the dictionary,please. V IO DO I lend him my bicycle. S V IO DO = I lend my bicycle to him. 后接for的有: make, buy, get, sing, cook等等。 Her mother bought her a skirt. S V IO DO = Her mother bought a skirt for her. null五、主语+动词+宾语+宾语补足语 （S+V+O+C） 常带复合宾语结构的及物动词有： feel(感觉到) find(发现) get(使得) have(使，让) hear(听到) keep(保持) make(使) notice(注意到) see(看见) let(使) watch(注视，看) call(称) ask(请求,要求) tell(告诉) want(想要) wish(希望) listen to(听) look at(看，瞧) …null We call him Xiao Liu. S V O C The news made me happy. S V O C He keeps his hand behind his back. S V O C The story made us laugh. S V O C He heard somebody opening the door. S V O Cnull划分句子成分:My sister is a nurse. They are drinking. They are drinking tea. The old man walks in the park. She passed him the salt. We keep the table clean._______ S _ V______ P____ S___________ V____ S__________ V__ O__________ S____ V___ S_____ V___ IO______ DO__ S____ V_______ O____ Cnull划分句子成分:My sister is a nurse. They are drinking. They are drinking tea. The old man walks in the park. She passed him the salt. We keep the table clean._______ S _ V______ P____ S___________ V____ S__________ V__ O__________ S____ V___ S_____ V___ IO______ DO__ S____ V_______ O____ Cnull7. They work hard. 8. The flower is dead. 9. Plants need water. 10. He gives me some seeds. 11. We should keep the plants in the shade. 12. Many animals live in trees.____ S____ V________ S__ V____ P_____ S____ V____ O___ S____ V___ IO_________ DO___ S__________ V________ O__________ C____________ S___ Vnull1. The spring is coming. 2. In spring, the weather becomes warmer. 3. I have finished my homework. 4. Show me your books. 5. Keep them warm at night. S + VS + V + P S + V + O S + V + IO + DO S + V + O+ CnullThey work hard. The flower is dead. Plants need water. He gives me some seeds. We should keep the plants in the shade. Many animals live in trees. S + VS + V + PS + V + O S + V + IO + DOS + V + O+ CS + V null汉译英： 1) 鸟会在天空飞翔。 2) 他喜欢踢足球。 3) 我们非常激动。 4) 他昨天给了我一本书。 5) 她告诉我下课后不要出去。 He likes playing football. Birds can fly in the sky. We are very excited. He gave me a book yesterday. She told me not to go out after class. S + VS + V + OS + V + P S + V + IO + DOS + V + O+ CnullCorrect the mistakes: He kept me wait for a week. She looks happily. My mother bought a new shirt to me. Yesterday they arrived Beijing. waiting_________happy_ _____forarrived in