nullnull 授课教师
兰州梦菲英语学校 赵老师nullPronouns
代 词null代词的分类
人称代词 Personal Pronouns
物主代词 Possessive Pronouns
反身代词 Self Pronouns
不定代词 Indefinite Pronouns
指示代词 Demonstrative Pronouns
疑问代词 Interrogative Pronounsnull人称代词 Personal Pronouns
数 单数 复数
人称 一 二 三 一 二 三
主格 I you he she it we you they
宾格 me you him her it us your themnull 1.人称代词作主语时用主格,作宾语时用宾格
* They all like him very much.
他们都很喜欢他。
* She gave the books to you and me.
这些
书
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是她送给你和我的。null 2.人称代词在作
表
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语时,用宾格
* Who’s knocking at the door?
–It’s me.
谁敲门?-是我。
3. 人称代词在并列使用时的顺序为 “第二人称,第三人称,第一人称”
* You, she and I all enjoy the music.
你我她都喜欢音乐。null 4.she可以用来代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等
* We love our motherland, we hope she’ll be stronger and bigger.
我们热爱我们的祖国,我们希望她更强大。
* The ship is leaving. She’s on her first trip to Boston.
轮船要起航了。这是她第一次去波士顿。null 5.it作为人称代词时,可以表示天气、距离、时间、环境等
* What’ the weather like today?
– It’s windy.
今天的天气怎么样?- 有风。
* It’s about five minutes’ walk from home to school.
从家到学校的路程大约5分钟。null 6.it可作为形式主语,将不定式、动名词等构成的主语后移,使句子显得平稳
* It’s hard to reach the apples.
很难够到苹果。
* It’s good for you taking a walk after supper.
对你来说饭后散步是有好处的。null物主代词 Possessive Pronouns
形容词性 名词性
my mine
your yours
his his
her hers
its its
our ours
your yours
their theirsnull 1.形容词性物主代词在句中只能作定语
* My brother is a worker.
我弟弟是个工人。
* His parents are very friendly.
他的父母非常友善。null 2.名词性物主代词在句中可作表语、主语和宾语
* Whose dictionary is this?
– It’s mine.
这字典是谁的? - 我的。
* Our room is big and theirs is small.
我们的房间大,他们的房间小。
* You may use my pen. I’ll use hers.
你可以用我的笔,我用他的好了。null 3.形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的关系:
形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词
注意:名词性物主代词在句中所指代的关系是单数还是复数。
* These books aren't ours. Ours are new.
(our books = ours)
* This is not our room. Ours is over there.
(our room = ours)null 4.“of +名词性物主代词”表示所属
* A sister of his is a nurse.
他的一个妹妹是个护士。
* Tom is a friend of mine
我的一个朋友null反身代词 Self Pronouns
单数
myself yourself himself herself itself
复数
ourselves yourselves themselvesnull 1.反身代词在句中可以作宾语、表语和同位语
* He thinks more of others than of himself.
他想到别人比想到自己更多一些。
* That poor boy was myself.
那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。
* He himself was a doctor.
他本人就是一个大夫。
* I myself can work the problem out.
我能亲自算出这道
题
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null 2.反身代词有以下常见搭配
enjoy oneself = have a good time
by oneself = alone
help oneself to…
learn sth. by oneself =teach oneself sth.
注意:oneself 有单复数之分
* I enjoy myself.
* Children, help yourselves to some fish.null不定代词 Indefinite Pronouns
不是指明代替特定名词(或形容词)的代词
★ all, each, every, both, either, neither
none, one, little, few, many, much
other, another, some, any, no
★ 由some, any, no, every 等构成的合成代词
null几组在用法上容易混淆的不定代词
1.some/any
★ some(一些,某)一般用于肯定句中
* There are some flowers in front of the house.
★ any(一些,任何)多用于疑问句和否定句
* Do you have any picture-books?null 注意:some有时也可用于表示请求、征求意见的疑问句中
* Would you like some meat?
你想要些肉吗?
* May I ask some questions?
我可以问问题吗?
* Could I have some apples?
我可以吃苹果吗?
* Will you give me some water?
你能给我些水吗?null 2. many/much
★ many 修饰或指代复数名词
*There are many eggs in the basket.
* Many of us like playing games.
★ much 修饰或指代不可数名词
* He doesn’t know much English.null 3.another/other
★ another 泛指三个或三个以上中的另一个
* I don’t want this coat. Please show me another.
★ other 后面接名词,泛指别的、其他的
* Do you have any other questions?null4. the other/others/the others
★ the other
1. 特指两个中的另一个
* He has two sons. One is a worker, the other is a doctor.
2. 修饰名词,特指另一个、另一些
* Tom likes swimming, and the other boys in his class like swimming, too.null ★others泛指其他的人或物
* He often helps others.
* Some are playing basketball, others are playing football.
★the others 特指确定范围内剩下的全部人或物
* There are fifty students in our class. Twenty of them are girls, the others are boys.null5.few/a few/little/a little
★ few/a few 修饰可数名词
little/a little 修饰不可数名词
★ few, little 表示否定意义, 译为“没有几个”,“没有多少”
a few, a little 表示肯定意义, 译为“有几个”,“有一点” null * There are few people living here.
这里几乎没人住。
* There are a few students in the classroom.
教室里有一些学生。
* I know little English.
我不懂英语。
* There is a little milk in the bottle.
瓶子里有些牛奶。 null ★ few 和 little 与 quite 或 only 连用时,常加不定冠词 a
* There are quite a few new books in the library.
图书馆里颇有些新书。
null 6.every/each
★ every+单数名词,表示“每一个”,强调共性、整体,只作定语,形式上为单数.不与of 连用
*Every child likes playing games.
★ each 表示“每一个”,强调个性,作定语主语、宾语和同位语,常与of 连用
*Each student was asked to try again.
*Each of them has a nice skirt.null 7.all/none
★ all “(全部)都”,表示三者或三者以上,作同位语时,一般放在连系动词、助动词之后,行为动词之前
* We are all from Canada.
They all like English.
★ none “没有”,表示三者或三者以上都不,后常跟介词of(谓语动词单、复数均可)
* None of us is/are afraid of dogs.null 8.both/either/neither
★ both “(两者)都”,作主语时看作复数;作定语时后跟名词复数
* My parents are both teachers.
=Both of my parents are teachers.
★ neither “(两者)都不”,含有否定意义,作主语时谓语用第三人称单数; 作定语时后跟名词单数
* Neither answer is right. null ★ either “两者中任何一个”,作主语时谓语用第三人称单数; 作定语时后跟名词单数
* There are trees on either side of the street.
= There are trees on both sides of the street.null ★有关词组及应用
A.both of/either of/neither of
* Both of them swim well.
他们俩都游得很好。
* Either of you goes to Beijing.
你们俩随便谁去北京都可以。
* Neither of them stopped to have a rest.
他们俩谁都不停下来休息。null B.both…and(谓语动词用复数形式)
either…or/neither…nor(谓语动词遵循就近原则)
* Both Tom and Lucy are in Grade Two.
Tom 和 Lucy 都在二年级。
* Either my father or my mother cooks at home.
或者我爸爸或者我妈妈在家烧饭。
* Neither he nor I am free today.
我和他今天都没空。null 9.Something/anything/nothing
Somebody/anybody/nobody
当形容词修饰这些不定代词时,常后置
* I have something important to tell you.
* Is there anything else in the box?
* Nobody can answer the question.null指示代词 Demonstrative Pronouns
表示空间和时间远近关系的代词 包括:this/that (单数) these/those (复数)
1. this,these指在方位上较近的人或物
that,those指在方位上较远的人或物
*This is my shirt, that’s yours.
*These TVs are made in China, those are made in Japan.null 2.that,those常指前面提过的东西,以免重复
*These boxes are heavier than those on the desk.
3.刚才提到的事情,在英文中用that
*He was ill yesterday. I’m sorry to hear that.null疑问代词 Interrogative Pronouns
用来构成特殊疑问句的代词 常见有:who whom whose what which 通常做主语\宾语\定语\表语
* What makes you think like that ? \做主语\
* Who(Whom) were you talking with? \做宾语\null * Which bus do I need? \做定语\
* What’s your father? \做表语\
注意:在口语中,Who和Whom通用, 但在介词后只能用Whom
*With whom did he play games?
With who did he play games?(错)null 2. This film is less interesting than that one
=This film isn't as interesting as that one
=That film is more interesting than this one.null改错
1 Don’t worry. There is little time left.
2 His book is quite different from me.
3 She has two cats. One is white, another is black.
Don’t worry. There is a little time left.
His book is quite different from mine
She has two cats. One is white, the other is black.null4 I have interesting something to tell you.
5 Please give me it.
6 Every of us wants to have a look at your photo.I have something interesting to tell you.Please give it to meEach of us wants to have a look at your photo.
null7 He sits in front of Jim and I.
8 I like to receive letters but I do not like write it.
9 He doesn’t know what one to buy.He sits in front of Jim and me.
I like to receive letters but I do not like write them.He doesn’t know which one to buy.
null( )1 Is this your football, boys?
No, it is not ____
A. yours B. our C. mine D. ours
( )2 The bird builds ____ nest in the tree.
A. her B. its C. it’s D. hers
( )3 The maths problem ____ is wrong.
A. himself B. he C. itself D. herself
DBCnull( )4 ____ want to see the film.
A Every student B Each student
C All of students D All the students
( )5 A lot of people have tried, but ____ have succeeded.
A. the few B. a few C. few D. little
( ) 6 ____ of the four roads will take you to the hospital.
A. Both B. Neither C. Any D. EitherDCCnull( )7 I have five pencils, one is red, ____ is blue and ___ are green.
A. another, the other B. the other, others
C. others, the others D. another, the others
( ) 8 I have found ____ on the Internet.
A. a few informations B. a little informations
C. a few information D. a little information
DDnull( ) 9 I have Chemistry classes ____ day, Monday, Wednesday and Friday.
A. each other B. every other
C. this and other D. all other
( )10 -- ____ is the man under the tree?
-- Jim’s father.
A. When B. What C. Where D. Who
BD