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GRE阅读高频词汇 abate v. 减弱,减少 | subside; decrease, lessen. Rather than leaving immediately, they waited for the storm to abate. abate​ment, n. aberrant n. 不正常的 | abnormal or deviant. Given the aberrant nature of the data, we doubted the validity of the entire experime...

GRE阅读高频词汇
abate v. 减弱,减少 | subside; decrease, lessen. Rather than leaving immediately, they waited for the storm to abate. abate​ment, n. aberrant n. 不正常的 | abnormal or deviant. Given the aberrant nature of the data, we doubted the validity of the entire experiment. also n. abeyance n. 悬而未决 | suspended action. The deal was held in abeyance until her arrival. abscond v. 隐匿,逃避,躲债 | depart secretly and hide. The teller who absconded with the bonds went uncaptured until someone recognized him from his photograph on "America's Most Wanted." abstemious adj. 节制(饮食),调节 | sparing in eating and drinking; temper​ate. Concerned whether her vegetarian son's abstemious diet provided him with sufficient protein, the worried mother pressed food on him. admonish v. 警告,训斥 | warn; reprove. He admonished his listeners to change their wicked ways. admonition, n. adulterate v. 掺杂 | make impure by adding inferior or tainted substances. | adultery 通奸 It is a crime to adulterate foods without inform​ing the buyer; when consumers learned that Beech-Nut had adulterated their apple juice by mixing it with water, they protested vigorously. aesthetic adj. 审美的 | artistic; dealing with or capable of apprecia​tion of the beautiful. The beauty of Tiffany's stained glass appealed to Esther's aesthetic sense. aesthete, n. aggregate v. 收集,聚集 | gather; accumulate. Before the Wall Street scandals, dealers in so-called junk bonds managed to aggregate great wealth in short periods of time. aggrega​tion, n. alacrity n. 欢快的情绪 | cheerful promptness. Phil and Dave were raring to get off to the mountains; they packed up their ski gear and climbed into the van with alacrity. alleviate v. 解脱,释放,释然 | relieve. This should alleviate the pain; if it does not, we shall have to use stronger drugs. amalgamate v. 结合,整合 | combine; unite in one body. The unions will attempt to amalgamate their groups into one national body. ambiguous adj. 模棱两可 | unclear or doubtful in meaning. His ambiguous instructions misled us; we did not know which road to take. ambiguity, n. ambivalence n. 矛盾的观点或情绪 | the state of having contradictory or con​flicting emotional attitudes. Torn between loving her parents one minute and hating them the next, she was confused by the ambivalence of her feelings. ambivalent,adj. ameliorate v. 提高,改善 | improve. Many social workers have attempted to ameliorate the conditions of people living in the slums. anachronistic adj. 时代错误 | having an error involving time in a story. The reference to clocks in Julius Caesar is anachronistic: clocks did not exist in Caesar's time. anachronism, n. analogous adj. 类似的 | comparable. She called our attention to the things that had been done in an analogous situation and recommended that we do the same. anarchy n. 无政府主义 | absence of governing body; state of disorder. The assassination of the leaders led to a period of anarchy. anomalous adj. 不正常的,变态的 | abnormal; irregular. He was placed in the anomalous position of seeming to approve procedures which he despised. antipathy n. 反对,厌恶 | aversion; dislike. Tom's extreme antipathy for disputes keeps him from getting into arguments with his temperamental wife. Noise in any form is antipathetic(adj.) to him. Among his other antipathies are honking cars, boom boxes, and heavy metal rock. apathy n. 漠不关心 | lack of caring; indifference. A firm believer in democratic government, she could not understand the apathy of people who never bothered to vote. ( can't be bothered to do sth 懒得去做 … never bothered to 从来没有) apathetic,adj. appease v. 平静,安抚 | pacify or soothe; relieve. Tom and Jody tried to appease the crying baby by offering him one toy after another, but he would not calm down until they appeased his hunger by giving him a bottle. apprise v. 告诉 | inform. When he was apprised of the danger​ous weather conditions, he decided to postpone his trip. approbation n. 同意,批准 | approval. She looked for some sign of approbation from her parents, hoping her good grades would please them. appropriate v. 获得;挪用,据为己有 | acquire; take possession of for one's own use. The ranch owners appropriated the lands that had originally been set aside for the Indians' use. ( set aside 留出,拨给) arduous adj. 努力;奋发 | hard; strenuous. Her arduous efforts had sapped her energy. artless adj. 坦诚;直率,自然的 | without guile; open and honest. Sophisticated and cynical, Jack could not believe Jill was as artless and naive as she appeared to be. ascetic adj. 苦行;禁欲 | practicing self-denial; austere. The wealthy, self-indulgent young man felt oddly drawn to the strict, ascetic life led by members of some monastic orders. also n. assiduous adj. 勤奋 | diligent. He was assiduous, working at this task for weeks before he felt satisfied with his results. assiduity, n. *assuage v. 减轻(痛苦);满足(饥渴);安慰 | ease or lessen (pain); satisfy (hunger); soothe (anger). Jilted by Jane, Dick tried to assuage his heartache by indulging in ice cream. One gallon later, he had assuaged his appetite but not his grief. attenuate v. 削弱 | make thin; weaken. By withdrawing their forces, the generals hoped to attenuate the enemy lines. audacious adj. 大胆的;鲁莽的 | daring; bold. Audiences cheered as Luke Skywalker and Princess Leia made their audacious, death​defying leap to freedom, escaping Darth Vader's troops. audacity, n. austere adj. 严厉的;朴素的 | forbiddingly stern; severely simple and unor​namented. The headmaster's austere demeanor tended to scare off the more timid students, who never visited his study willingly. The room reflected the man, austere and bare, like a monk's cell, with no touches of luxury to moder​ate its austerity. autonomous adj. 自治 | self-governing. Although the University of California at Berkeley is just one part of the state univer​sity system, in many ways Cal Berkeley is autonomous, for it runs several programs that are not subject to outside con​trol. autonomy, n. aver v. 断言 | declare; To affirm positively. He averred that he was innocent. banal adj. 平凡,陈腐,老生常谈 | hackneyed; commonplace; trite; lacking origi​nality. The hack writer's worn-out (穿旧的)clich6s made his comic sketch seem banal. He even resorted to the banality of hav​ing someone slip on a banana peel! belie v. 掩饰,造成假象;矛盾 | contradict; give a false impression. His coarse, hard-bitten exterior(外形,外表) belied his inner sensitivity. beneficent adj. 行善的,慈善的;结善果的,有益的 | benevolent; doing or producing good especially : performing acts of kindness and charity. She had now a life filled also with a beneficent activity. bolster v. 支持,增援 | support; reinforce. The debaters amassed file boxes full of evidence to bolster their arguments. bombast n. 高调,夸大之辞 | pomposity;Grandiloquent, pompous speech or writing. His speech was full of bombast. boorish adj. 粗鲁;笨拙 | rude; clumsy; ungentlemanly. Natasha was embarrassed by her fellow spy's boorish behavior. "If you cannot act like a gentleman, Boris, go back to Russia: espi​onage is no job for clumsy boors." boor, n. burgeon v. 发芽;发展 | sprout,To begin to grow or blossom;To grow or develop rapidly. We hope that the festival will burgeon out slowly but steadily. burnish v. 擦拭 | make shiny by rubbing; polish. The maid bur​nished the brass fixtures until they reflected the lamplight. buttress v. 支持 | support; prop up. The attorney came up with several far-fetched arguments in a vain attempt to buttress his weak case. also n. far-fetched 牵强的;far-reaching(adj 影响深远的;范围广泛的) cacophonous adj. 不和谐 | discordant; inharmonious. Do the stu​dents in the orchestra enjoy the cacophonous sounds they make when they're tuning up? I don't know how they can stand the racket. (喧闹) cacophony, n. capricious adj. 反复无常的 | unpredictable; fickle. The storm was capri​cious: it changed course constantly. Jill was capricious, too: she changed boyfriends almost as often as she changed clothes. castigate v. 严厉批评;惩罚 | criticize severely; punish. When the teacher threatened that she would castigate the mischievous boys if they didn't behave, they shaped up in a hurry. ( shape up 变得表现良好) casualty n. 严重的事故;伤亡 | serious or fatal accident. The number of auto​motive casualties on this holiday weekend was high. catalyst n. 催化剂 | agent which brings about a chemical change while it remains unaffected and unchanged. Many chemical reactions cannot take place without the presence of a catalyst. caustic adj. 腐蚀性的;刻薄的 | capable of destroying or eating away by chemical action;scathing. John's always making caustic remarks about other people. chicanery n. 强辩,狡辩;欺骗 | trickery; deception. Those sneaky lawyers misrepresented what occurred, made up all sorts of implau​sible alternative scenarios to confuse the jurors, and in gen​eral depended on chicanery to win the case. coagulate v. 凝结 | thicken; congeal; clot. Even after you remove the pudding from the burner, it will continue to coagulate as it stands; therefore, do not overcook the pudding, lest it become too thick. coda n. 乐章结尾部;完结部;终曲 | The concluding passage of a movement or composition. Turn over first to see the phrase beginning and coda part before starting use the phrase . cogent adj. 有说服力的 | convincing. It was inevitable that David chose to go to Harvard: he had several cogent reasons for doing so, including a full-tuition scholarship. Katya argued her case with such cogency that the jury had to decide in favor of her client. commensurate adj. 相当的,相称的 | equal in extent. Your reward will be commensurate with your effort. compendium n. 简要,概略 | A short, complete summary; an abstract. The itinerary(行程) from north to south is a compendium of Norwegian nature. complaisant adj. 彬彬有礼的;殷勤的 | trying to please; obliging. The courtier obeyed the king's orders in a complaisant manner. compliant adj. 顺从的 | yielding. Because Joel usually gave in and went along with whatever his friends desired, his mother worried that he might be too compliant. compliance n. 顺从 | readiness to yield; conformity in fulfilling requirements. Bullheaded Bill was not noted for easy com​pliance with the demands of others. As an architect, how​ever, Bill recognized that his design for the new school had to be in compliance with the local building code. conciliatory adj. 抚慰,调和 | reconciling; soothing. She was still angry despite his conciliatory words. conciliate,v. contrived adj. 做作的;牵强的 | forced; artificial; not spontaneous. Feeling ill at ease with his new in-laws, James made a few contrived attempts at conversation and then retreated into silence. conundrum n. 谜语 | riddle. During the long car ride, she invented conundrums to entertain the children. converge v. 聚合;接近 | approach; tend to meet; come together. African-American men from all over the United States con​verged on Washington to take part in the historic Million Men march. convoluted adj. 围绕,卷绕;费解 | coiled around; involved; intricate. His argument was so convoluted that few of us could follow it intelligently. daunt v. 惊吓;胁迫 | intimidate; frighten. "Boast all you like of your prowess. Mere words cannot daunt me," the hero answered the villain. decorum n. 礼貌;温文尔雅 | propriety; orderliness and good taste in man​ners. Even the best-mannered students have trouble behav​ing with decorum on the last day of school. decorous,adj. default n. 不作为,无动于衷;拖欠 | failure to act. When the visiting team failed to show up for the big game, they lost the game by default. When Jack failed to make the payments on his Jaguar, the dealership took back the car because he had defaulted on his debt. deference n. 尊重的,尊重他人的 | courteous regard for another's wish. | difference 不同,差异 In defer​ence to the minister's request, please do not take pho​tographs during the wedding service. delineate v. 描绘;描述 | portray; depict; sketch. Using only a few descriptive phrases, Austen delineates the character of Mr. Collins so well that we can predict his every move. Pride and Prejudice delin​eation, n. denigrate v. 抹黑 | blacken. All attempts to denigrate the charac​ter of our late president have failed; the people still love him and cherish his memory. deride v. 打趣,嘲笑;取消 | ridicule; make fun of. The critics derided his pre​tentious dialogue and refused to consider his play seri​ously. derision, n. derivative adj. 派生的 | unoriginal; derived from another source. Although her early poetry was clearly derivative in nature, the critics thought she had promise and eventually would find her own voice. desiccate v. 弄干 | dry up. A tour of this smokehouse will give you an idea of how the pioneers used to desiccate food in order to preserve it. desultory adj. 慢无目的的;断断续续的 | aimless; haphazard; digressing at random. In prison Malcolm X set himself the task of reading straight through the dictionary; to him, reading was purposeful, not desultory. deterrent n. 挫败;使气馁 | something that discourages; hindrance. Does the threat of capital punishment (极刑) serve as a deterrent to potential killers? deter,v. discordant adj. 不和谐的;冲突的 | not harmonious; conflicting. Nothing is quite so discordant as the sound of a junior high school orchestra tuning up. discredit v. 不信任;丢脸 | defame; destroy confidence in; disbelieve. The campaign was highly negative in tone; each candidate tried to discredit the other. discrepancy n. 相差;缺乏一致 ; 矛盾| lack of consistency; difference. The police noticed some discrepancies in his description of the crime and did not believe him. discrete adj. 分离的;没有关系的 | separate; unconnected. The universe is com​posed of discrete bodies. disingenuous adj. 不诚恳的 | lacking genuine candor; insincere. Now that we know the mayor and his wife are engaged in a bitter divorce fight, we find their earlier remarks regretting their lack of time together remarkably disingenuous. disinterested adj. 公允的 | unprejudiced. Given the judge's political ambitions and the lawyers' financial interest in the case, the only disinterested person in the courtroom may have been the court reporter. disjointed adj. 断开的 | disconnected. His remarks were so dis​jointed that we could not follow his reasoning. dismiss v. 拒绝;排除 | put away from consideration; reject. Believing in John's love for her, she dismissed the notion that he might be unfaithful. (secondary meaning) disparage v. 忽略,轻视 | belittle. A doting mother, Emma was more likely to praise her son's crude attempts at art than to dis​parage them. disparate adj. 大相径庭的;没关系的 | basically different; unrelated. Unfortunately, Tony and Tina have disparate notions of marriage: Tony sees it as a carefree extended love affair, while Tina sees it as a solemn commitment to build a family and a home. dissemble v. 伪装,做作,掩饰 | disguise; pretend. Even though John tried to dissemble his motive for taking modern dance, we all knew he was there not to dance but to meet girls. disseminate v. 分发,扩散,散布 | distribute; spread; scatter (like seeds). By their use of the Internet, propagandists have been able to disseminate their pet doctrines to new audiences around the globe. pet subject 爱讲的话题 ; pet doctrines dissolution n. 解散;终止;解体 | breaking of a union; decay; termination. Which caused King Lear more suffering: the dissolution of his kingdom into warring factions, or the dissolution of his aged, failing body? dissonance n. 不和谐的(声音) | discord. Composer Charles Ives (查尔斯·艾夫斯) often used dissonance-clashing or unresolved chords-for special effects in his musical works. distend v. 扩大;扩张 | expand; swell out. I can tell when he is under stress by the way the veins distend on his forehead. distill v. 蒸馏;萃取,提炼,提纯 | extract the essence; purify; refine. A moonshiner distills mash into whiskey; an epigrammatist distills thoughts into quips. diverge v. 多样的;各异的; 分歧,分叉 | vary; go in different directions from the same point. The spokes of the wheel diverge from the hub. divest v. 剥夺 | strip; deprive. He was divested of his power to act and could no longer govern. divestiture, n. document v. 书面证明 | provide written evidence. She kept all the receipts from her business trip in order to document her expenses for the firm. also n. dogmatic adj. 独断的,教条的,固执的 | opinionated; arbitrary; doctrinal. We tried to discourage Doug from being so dogmatic, but never could convince him that his opinions might be wrong. dormant adj. 睡着的;隐匿的 | sleeping; lethargic; latent. At fifty her long​ dormant ambition to write flared up once more; within a year she had completed the first of her great historical novels. dupe n. 易被开涮的人 | someone easily fooled. While the gullible Watson often was made a dupe by unscrupulous parties, Sherlock Holmes was far more difficult to fool. also v. ebullient adj. 热情的,激动的 | showing excitement; overflowing with enthu​siasm. Amy's ebullient nature could not be repressed; she' was always bubbling over with excitement. ebullience, n. eclectic adj. 折衷的 | composed of elements drawn from dis​parate sources. His style of interior decoration was eclec​tic: bits and pieces of furnishings from widely divergent periods, strikingly juxtaposed to create a unique decor. eclecticism, n. efficacy n. 功效 | power to produce desired effect. The efficacy of this drug depends on the regularity of the dosage. effica​cious ,adj. effrontery n. 厚颜无耻 | shameless boldness. She had the effrontery to insult the guest. elegy n. 挽歌,悲歌 | poem or song expressing lamentation. On the death of Edward King, Milton composed the elegy "Lyci​das." elegiacal,adj. elicit v. 得出 | draw out by discussion. The detectives tried to elicit where he had hidden his loot. embellish v. 装饰 | adorn; ornament. The costume designer embellished the leading lady's ball gown with yards and yards of ribbon and lace. empirical adj. 经验主义 | based on experience. He distrusted hunches and intuitive flashes; he placed his reliance entirely on empirical data. emulate v. 仿效;抗衡;模仿,模拟 | imitate; rival. In a brief essay, describe a person you admire, someone whose virtues you would like to emulate. endemic adj. 地方的;小范围内流行 | prevailing among a specific group of people or in a specific area or country. This disease is endemic in this part of the world; more than 80 percent of the popula​tion is at one time or another affected by it. engender v. 产生,导致 | cause; produce. To receive praise for real accomplishments engenders self-confidence in a child. enhance v. 增加;改进 | increase; improve. You can enhance your chances of being admitted to the college of your choice by learning to write well; an excellent essay can enhance any application. ephemeral adj. 朝生暮死,短暂,短命 | short-lived; fleeting. The mayfly is an ephemeral creature: its adult life lasts little more than a day. equanimity n. 镇定 | calmness of temperament; composure. Even the inevitable strains of caring for an ailing mother did not disturb Bea's equanimity. equivocate v. 撒谎;误导 | lie; mislead; attempt to conceal the truth. The audience saw through his attempts to equivocate on the subject under discussion and ridiculed his remarks. erudite adj. 博学的 | learned; scholarly. Though his fellow students thought him erudite, Paul knew he would have to spend many years in serious study before he could consider him​self a scholar. esoteric adj. 难以理解的,深奥的 | hard to understand; known only to the cho​sen few. The New Yorker short stories often include esoteric allusions to obscure people and events: the implication is, if you are in the in-crowd, you'll get the reference; if you come from Cleveland, you won't. eulogy n. 颂词;赞美词 | expression of praise, often on the occasion of someone's death. Instead of delivering a spoken eulogy at Genny's memorial service, Jeff sang a song he had written in her honor. euphemism n. 委婉的表达 | mild expression in place of an unpleasant one. The expression "he passed away" is a euphemism for "he died." exacerbate v. 恶化,加剧 | worsen; embitter. The latest bombing exac​erbated England's already existing bitterness against the IRA, causing the prime minister to break off the peace talks abruptly. exculpate v. 开脱,洗脱 | clear from blame. He was exculpated of the crime when the real criminal confesse
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