大学物理实验报告

Report 2 Practice and Application of Michelson Interferometer Name: 杨可欣 ID: 5111619001 Objectives: 1. Understand the basic principle and structure of Michelson Interferometer and be able to adjust Michelson Interferometer 2. Observe localized equal-inclination interference, equal thickness interference (white light interference), and non-localized interference. 3. Measure the light wavelength and understand the physics of the visibility of stripe. Principle: The structure of Michelson Interferometer 2. Equal inclination interference Non-localized interference Data and analysis: Table1 Average wavelength of sodium lamp No. d(mm) 0 32.74611 1 32.76678 2 32.78231 3 32.79675 4 32.81171 5 32.82661 6 32.84093 7 32.85561 Neglect the first datum and get: Table2 The wavelength difference of two sodium spectra lines No. d(mm) 0 33.88488 1 34.17851 2 34.46682 3 34.75602 4 34.04795 Neglect the first datum and get: Δd1=0.28831mm; Δd2=0.28920mm; Δd3=0.29193mm mm Question: Explain the roles of every optical component. Describe the condition and procedure to obtain equal inclination interference, equal thickness interference and white light interference. (1)G1-beam splitter G2-compensation glass M1&M2-two plane mirrors perpendicular to each other are used to reflect beam. equal inclination interference: the incident angle is the same and M1' must be parallel to M2. Using a black board with a small hole to rectify M1 to make it perpendicular to M2. Then adjust the spring screws until the circles exist. equal thickness interference: the incident angle is the same but M1' is nor parallel to M2. Using the same black board and make two light points do not overlap each other. white light interference: tuning the screw of M1 to make M2 have a small angle off M1. Then continue moving M2 slowly until the curvatures of the curved stripes change sign. Next replace the white light source and M2 slowly until colored stripes appear. How to calculate the wavelength of light by observing the emerging and vanishing of rings. Counting 50 times of emerging or vanishing of rings and write down the moving distance. Use the formula to get the wavelength. How do you understand the results of wavelength difference of sodium double spectral lines by the periodically changing visibility? The superposition of two light with different wavelengths is like this . So the spectral lines change visibility periodically. Summary the key points and laws of adjusting Michelson Interference. M1 and M2 must be perpendicular. Put the black board with a small hole on the frosted glass to get a spot light. And adjust the screws on the back of M1 to make two spots overlapped. M1' and M2 must be parallel. By adjust the spring screws until get the circles. Try to describe the phenomenon observed at zero optical path. The dark strips will disappear and only one bright strip. Indeed, the strip phenomena disappears. _1234567891.unknown _1234567893.unknown _1234567895.unknown _1234567896.unknown _1234567894.unknown _1234567892.unknown _1234567890.unknown