读对联 学对联 写对联

读对联 学对联 写对联 读对联 学对联 写对联(多媒体课) 先猜一个谜语: 堂前一对美夫妻,又不高来又不低 (对联) 出示ppt 2图片:天增日月人增寿，春满乾坤福满门。 引出“老地主袭改旧楹联”的故事: 相传，有这样一位老地主，他特别喜爱附庸风雅。一天，他为母亲祝寿，大开筵宴，悬灯结彩。想在门口贴幅大红对联，却又舍不得花钱请人撰写，便叫账房先生将常见的“天增日月人增寿，春满乾坤福满门”写出来贴在大门上。账房先生正写时，老地主忽然想起，这是为老母祝寿，应该改得切题才好。于是，让账房先生把上联改为:天增日月妈增寿;老地主看了很得意。不过，上联既然改了，下联也该相应改动才算工整。他又叫账房先生把下联改为:春满乾坤爹满门。账房先生听了，真有点哭笑不得，惊讶地问:“东家，这么改可不行呀～”老地主一本正经地说:“你懂个屁～‘爹’对‘妈’不是十分工整吗,” 生活中我们经常看到对联。校庆的时候我们贴了那么多的对联。 下面我们来看几个对联类型，(出示ppt)我们试试看，能不能判断出它们各是什么时候或什么地方用到的对联, 看第一副对联:“欢庆此日成佳偶;且喜今朝结良缘” 第二副:“福如东海;寿比南山” 这两副很简单，我们一看就明白，但是第三副就不容易了: “虽为毫末技艺;却是顶上功夫”，大家能猜出它说的是哪一种职业、行业吗, “理发。” 你是从哪里看出的, 毫末与顶上 再看第四副对联:“拳打南山猛虎;脚踢北海蛟龙。” 打擂台 下面我们就试着从这几副对联里，找出对联的基本 要求 对教师党员的评价套管和固井爆破片与爆破装置仓库管理基本要求三甲医院都需要复审吗 ，好不好, 我们先看第一副上下联各有几个字啊,第二副,第三副各几字, 很明显，我们可以知道一副对联要求是什么, 上下联字数要相等。这个要求是很严格的，一般来说，违反这个规则就不成对联了。但也有特例，比如说民国时候，袁世凯死后，有人就写了副上下联字数不同的联:“中华民国万岁;袁世凯千古”，大家看这个对联，“万岁”对“千古”，可以，但“袁世凯”对“中华民国”，三个字对四个字，在规则上当然不行，可是这副联的巧妙之处就在于此，它里面有个寓意，暗含了什and special tools for emergency response equipment and facilities. Emergency preparedness and response plan 1) emergency response (1) If a major accident occurs, the project should set up emergency response teams, chaired by the project manager, head of production and safety coordinators, professional foreman for the crew, primarily responsible for the orderly rescue when an emergency occurs or processing, outsourcing, team manager and support staff, assisting the Deputy Project Manager for related auxiliary work. (2) after the accident, the project manager is responsible for field commander, advance the establishment of emergency response team personnel, accountability, seriously injured officers sent out rescue, have procedures to deal with accidents, incidents, maximum reduction in casualties and property loss. (3) If an accident occurs, press Division in advance for emergency personnel cleared, concentrate manpower and material and financial resources to rescue the injured, decrease of the maximum loss. (4) after the accident processing work (5) identified the cause of the accident and the person responsible. (6) the written report to the supervisor in writing, including the time and place of the accident, injury (death) person's name, sex, age, trades, injuries, injuries. (7) the development of effective preventive measures to prevent such accidents from happening again. (8) education of all personnel of the organization. (9) informed criticism of those responsible. (10) all personnel read out the results, and responsible disposal. (11) maintenance of emergency supplies, maintenance and testing ? strengthening the day-to-day management of the various fire fighting equipment fire-fighting equipment, authorities should be staffed, equipped with fire extinguishers. Fire hydrants identified person responsible for regularly inspecting, testing, at any time in good condition. ? Guard monthly check-fire extinguishers and fire-fighting equipment. ? once every quarter, inspections and tests of a fire hydrant in good condition. 2), plans to develop (1) casualties occurred in construction, such as accidents or accidents of the direct economic 么意思，有没有同学能看出来的, 这副对联 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 面上是不规范，“袁世凯”三个字对不上“中华民国”四个字，这其实是对袁世凯的批评，说他怎么样,——对不起中华民国，是中华民国的罪人。 我们也可以仿造这副对联，以咱们班为例，可以说“高一14班万岁;何宏宝千古”。 这是说何宏宝怎么样,——对不起高一4班。 好了，我们再来看这几个对联(ppt展示)。这几个对联的上下联用字重复了没有, 没有 所以我们就找出了对联的第二个基本要求:“用字不重复”。当然是在上下联相同位置用字不重复。 以上两项基本要求是比较明显的，很容易掌握。下面我们再看另一个要求，大家看这几副对联上下联在用词的词性上有什么特点, 我们应该明白了，对联的上下联除了要用不同的字之外，还要求什么,——词性要相同。 举个例子来说吧，我们这几年的高考经常会考到“对联”，这种题型在民国时期就出现过。比如陈寅恪先生主持清华大学招生入学考试就出了个对联题，出个上联要求考生对出下联。他的上联是什么呢，很奇特，只有三个字，是个人名:“孙行者”。大家猜猜看，下联应该怎么对, 对这个联当然要运用到我们刚才学到的对联基本要求，我们要把这三个字拆开分辨它们每个字各是什么词性。 “孙”是名词，“行”是动词，“者”，之乎者也，虚词。所以下联也应该是名词、动词、虚词组合。 “猪八戒”符合要求吗, 不符合。 陈寅恪自己的答案是“祖冲之”，大家看，“祖”是名词吧，祖孙嘛，“冲”是动词吧，“之”也是虚词。很巧妙吧。 这种对联以人名作对，叫做“人名对”，我们也可以从我们班上同学姓名里找一个对，比如说胡倩倩对曾帅帅(朱楠楠)，李亮对张晓(季明)，谢翠萍对张佳楠，金虹对秦龙。 关于上下联的词性相同相当，还要注意一点，就是我们所对出来的词在 内容 财务内部控制制度的内容财务内部控制制度的内容人员招聘与配置的内容项目成本控制的内容消防安全演练内容 上要有一定的关联，最好属于同个物种，比如同是天文地理用词，同是草本鸟兽用词等等，就是词的种类上也要有要求。 讲一个笑话给大家听，说古时候嘛，在私塾里，学生都要学习对对联、and special tools for emergency response equipment and facilities. Emergency preparedness and response plan 1) emergency response (1) If a major accident occurs, the project should set up emergency response teams, chaired by the project manager, head of production and safety coordinators, professional foreman for the crew, primarily responsible for the orderly rescue when an emergency occurs or processing, outsourcing, team manager and support staff, assisting the Deputy Project Manager for related auxiliary work. (2) after the accident, the project manager is responsible for field commander, advance the establishment of emergency response team personnel, accountability, seriously injured officers sent out rescue, have procedures to deal with accidents, incidents, maximum reduction in casualties and property loss. (3) If an accident occurs, press Division in advance for emergency personnel cleared, concentrate manpower and material and financial resources to rescue the injured, decrease of the maximum loss. (4) after the accident processing work (5) identified the cause of the accident and the person responsible. (6) the written report to the supervisor in writing, including the time and place of the accident, injury (death) person's name, sex, age, trades, injuries, injuries. (7) the development of effective preventive measures to prevent such accidents from happening again. (8) education of all personnel of the organization. (9) informed criticism of those responsible. (10) all personnel read out the results, and responsible disposal. (11) maintenance of emergency supplies, maintenance and testing ? strengthening the day-to-day management of the various fire fighting equipment fire-fighting equipment, authorities should be staffed, equipped with fire extinguishers. Fire hydrants identified person responsible for regularly inspecting, testing, at any time in good condition. ? Guard monthly check-fire extinguishers and fire-fighting equipment. ? once every quarter, inspections and tests of a fire hydrant in good condition. 2), plans to develop (1) casualties occurred in construction, such as accidents or accidents of the direct economic 高中语文补充学习 教案 中职数学基础模块教案 下载北师大版¥1.2次方程的根与系数的关系的教案关于坚持的教案初中数学教案下载电子教案下载 对对子。有一次，教师出了个两个字的上联“嫩松”让学生对。“嫩松”，该对什么呢,学生张三对出“老柏”，注意“柏”本来应该念bǎi,但在这里“柏”是念成bó的，我们看到了，“嫩”对“老”，形容词对形容词，“松”对“柏”，名词对名词，完全符合对联要求，很好。所以，私塾老师夸奖了学生张三，学生李四看到张三受到表扬，就得到启发，连忙说“我也会对，我对„干爹?”。老师很生气，认为他胡闹，用戒尺打了他一下，李四被打了还不服气地说“老师，你怎么不打老„伯?，而打干爹呀,” 这个故事其实很好地反映了对联的基本要求，按照我们刚才所说的对联第三个要求――词性相同，学生李四所对的“干爹”也符合要求啊，为什么不行呢,——种类不一样 词的种类差太远，完全不相关。这样也不行。所以我们的对联基本要求之三应为“词性(种类)相当”。都记下了吧。 好的，至于对联的第四个要求就是“结构(格式)相似”，上联有什么结构格式，下联也应该有什么样的结构格式。像主谓式、动宾式、偏正式之类。下面我们来看两个对联题，这个不是要求大家去对出下联，而是要根据上联的结构格式特征来推导出下联，看这一题: 活到老，学到老，老不服老; 画亦精，字亦精，,,,,,,” 大家看这横线上应填哪四个字, 精益求精 为什么，能说一下吗, 因为上联有四个“老”字，下联也应该有四个“精”字，而且上联的最后一句首尾都是“老”字，所以下联最后一句首尾也应是“精”字，以“精”作首尾的四字成语，就是“精益求精”。 很好，就是要按照上联的格式来推导下联，这也是对联考查的一个方式。 同样的，我们再看一个类似的题目: “蒲叶桃叶葡萄叶，草本木本;,,,,玫瑰花，春,,,香” 大家做一下看看。 “梅花桂花玫瑰花，春香秋香”。 大家做得很好，说明同学们的接受能力很强。 以上讲的基本上是针对对联表层的东西，下面我们说一下对联内容上有什么样的要求。还是先看上面的几副对联，我们可以发现:每副对联上下两联的内容都有一定的关联，比如第一副都跟结婚有关，第二副是祝寿，第三副理发，第四副武艺，——每一副都有一定的主题，上下联都围绕同一主题。如果上联说结婚，下联谈理发，或者说上联说结婚，下联谈离婚那就不伦不 and special tools for emergency response equipment and facilities. Emergency preparedness and response plan 1) emergency respon第 3 页 共 6 页 se (1) If a major accident occurs, the project should set up emergency response teams, chaired by the project manager, head of production and safety coordinators, professional foreman for the crew, primarily responsible for the orderly rescue when an emergency occurs or processing, outsourcing, team manager and support staff, assisting the Deputy Project Manager for related auxiliary work. (2) after the accident, the project manager is responsible for field commander, advance the establishment of emergency response team personnel, accountability, seriously injured officers sent out rescue, have procedures to deal with accidents, incidents, maximum reduction in casualties and property loss. (3) If an accident occurs, press Division in advance for emergency personnel cleared, concentrate manpower and material and financial resources to rescue the injured, decrease of the maximum loss. (4) after the accident processing work (5) identified the cause of the accident and the person responsible. (6) the written report to the supervisor in writing, including the time and place of the accident, injury (death) person's name, sex, age, trades, injuries, injuries. (7) the development of effective preventive measures to prevent such accidents from happening again. (8) education of all personnel of the organization. (9) informed criticism of those responsible. (10) all personnel read out the results, and responsible disposal. (11) maintenance of emergency supplies, maintenance and testing ? strengthening the day-to-day management of the various fire fighting equipment fire-fighting equipment, authorities should be staffed, equipped with fire extinguishers. Fire hydrants identified person responsible for regularly inspecting, testing, at any time in good condition. ? Guard monthly check-fire extinguishers and fire-fighting equipment. ? once every quarter, inspections and tests of a fire hydrant in good condition. 2), plans to develop (1) casualties occurred in construction, such as accidents or accidents of the direct economic 类了。 大家都学过唐诗，其中千古名句，比如“大漠孤烟直――长河落日圆” 这两句也可以当作一副对联，我们知道这两句内容是有关联的，都是写什么,——边关的景物描写。如果不顾上下句的内容相关，改成“大漠孤烟直，小狗尾巴弯”，那就不行了。 最后讲一下关于平仄的要求，——“平仄相谐”。我们以前说过，音调可分为平和仄，其中“平”是哪两个调, 第一声和第二声 “仄”呢, 第三声和第四声 关于对联的平仄，这里不需要讲太多，太复杂，考试一般也不会考到平仄，所以我们目前只要了解一下常识就可以了。问一下同学们，过年的时候，大家都贴过春联没, 大家是怎么分辨哪个是上联,哪个是下联的, 其实很简单，按照传统对联格式，上联的最后一个字是“仄”声，而下联最后一个字是“平”声，大家记住这个规律，就可以很快判断出上联下联，可不要乱贴了。 接下来是练习对句。我们先在前边讲的的“人名对”的基础上，加大一些难度,要求每一个同学用最简洁的话，把自己或他人的名字嵌入联语中写较长一点的对联。我先来示范给学生: 正正方方做人，踏踏实实教书。(正正方方，嵌入姓名，取谐音) 我给你们四个人名你们把它写成对联: 杨坤 路遥 刘苗 胡枭 杨坤不怕路遥，刘苗何惧胡枭。(嵌入四位同学的名字) 东江上一抹彩霞，离亭下两位佳丽。 (嵌了四个人名:韩东江、李彩霞、李婷、秦佳丽) 永家小妹咏丽梅，才比柳永; 郭靖大哥舞新楠，功抵小龙。 (六个名字) 我们继续做练习:(ppt展示) 1、根据情景和上联对出下联: 相传，清初文学批评家金圣叹的儿子自幼聪慧，惹人疼爱。一次他去参加童子试，途中，看见篱笆下开着一朵鲜花，连忙跑去采下，边走边闻，不知不觉到了考场。见到老宗师(主考官)坐在堂上，他赶紧将鲜花藏入袖中。谁知老宗师早已看得一清二楚，随口吟道:“小童子暗藏春色”。 他一听，知道事情已无法隐瞒，于是对道:老宗师明察秋毫。后来金圣and special tools for emergency response equipment and facilities. Emergency preparedness and response plan 1) emergency response (1) If a major accident occurs, the project should set up emergency response teams, chaired by the project manager, head of production and safety coordinators, professional foreman for the crew, primarily responsible for the orderly rescue when an emergency occurs or processing, outsourcing, team manager and support staff, assisting the Deputy Project Manager for related auxiliary work. (2) after the accident, the project manager is responsible for field commander, advance the establishment of emergency response team personnel, accountability, seriously injured officers sent out rescue, have procedures to deal with accidents, incidents, maximum reduction in casualties and property loss. (3) If an accident occurs, press Division in advance for emergency personnel cleared, concentrate manpower and material and financial resources to rescue the injured, decrease of the maximum loss. (4) after the accident processing work (5) identified the cause of the accident and the person responsible. (6) the written report to the supervisor in writing, including the time and place of the accident, injury (death) person's name, sex, age, trades, injuries, injuries. (7) the development of effective preventive measures to prevent such accidents from happening again. (8) education of all personnel of the organization. (9) informed criticism of those responsible. (10) all personnel read out the results, and responsible disposal. (11) maintenance of emergency supplies, maintenance and testing ? strengthening the day-to-day management of the various fire fighting equipment fire-fighting equipment, authorities should be staffed, equipped with fire extinguishers. Fire hydrants identified person responsible for regularly inspecting, testing, at any time in good condition. ? Guard monthly check-fire extinguishers and fire-fighting equipment. ? once every quarter, inspections and tests of a fire hydrant in good condition. 2), plans to develop (1) casualties occurred in construction, such as accidents or accidents of the direct economic 高中语文补充学习教案 叹因抗粮一案被判死刑。临刑前，与其子相对良久。金圣叹看着儿子说:“莲子芯中苦，”儿子洒泪答道:梨儿腹内酸 。 ?老宗师明察秋毫。““老宗师”亦可对“老先生”“老夫子”“主考官”，“暗藏春色”还可意对“高抬贵手”“明知故问”等。?梨儿腹内酸。此处要注意“莲子”与“怜子”是谐音双关，“梨儿”亦可对“李儿”“柚儿”“榴儿”。对“藕儿”“茄儿”不行，如果分别是金圣叹的大老婆和小老婆回答则可以。 2、(ppt展示)下面对联有明显对的不公正的的地方，在不改动字句的前提下请分别调整上下联词语顺序，使上下联对仗工整，合乎对联的要求。请将修改后的对联写在下面横线上。 纵目登阁鸢飞鱼跃千帆竞，览胜抒怀水木清华万类荣。 登阁纵目鸢飞鱼跃千帆竞，览胜抒怀水清木华万类荣。 3、下面都是春联的上联，请选择其中一题对出下联: 扫千年旧习，树一代新风。 祖国江山好，大地气象新。 4、下面两题都是春联的上联，请选择其中一题对出下联。 爆竹声声脆，祖国日日新。 满园春色好，神州面貌新。 5、上联: 求知识，来自五湖四海; 下联: 展宏图，奔向四面八方。 上联: 学问藏今古 下联: 知识汇中西 6、请补写一句与上联字数相等结构相似的下联(平仄不论) 上联:爱国诚信乃做人根本 下联:求实谦虚为治学前提 上联:一片丹心育桃李; 下联:满腔热血写春秋。 7、2005年全国卷 I : 班里举行一次主题为“远离毒品”的 班会 初三期末考动员班会考试后心理调适班会暑假期间安全主题班会九年级下学期开学班会考前心理辅导主题班会 ，请你在黑板上写两句话，以彰显主题，营造气氛。要求每句话不少于7个字，两句话字数相等，句子结构大体一致。 远离害人白色恶魔，享受灿烂生命阳光。 and special tools for emergency response equipment and facilities. Emergency preparedness and response plan 1) emergency respon第 5 页 共 6 页 se (1) If a major accident occurs, the project should set up emergency response teams, chaired by the project manager, head of production and safety coordinators, professional foreman for the crew, primarily responsible for the orderly rescue when an emergency occurs or processing, outsourcing, team manager and support staff, assisting the Deputy Project Manager for related auxiliary work. (2) after the accident, the project manager is responsible for field commander, advance the establishment of emergency response team personnel, accountability, seriously injured officers sent out rescue, have procedures to deal with accidents, incidents, maximum reduction in casualties and property loss. (3) If an accident occurs, press Division in advance for emergency personnel cleared, concentrate manpower and material and financial resources to rescue the injured, decrease of the maximum loss. (4) after the accident processing work (5) identified the cause of the accident and the person responsible. (6) the written report to the supervisor in writing, including the time and place of the accident, injury (death) person's name, sex, age, trades, injuries, injuries. (7) the development of effective preventive measures to prevent such accidents from happening again. (8) education of all personnel of the organization. (9) informed criticism of those responsible. (10) all personnel read out the results, and responsible disposal. (11) maintenance of emergency supplies, maintenance and testing ? strengthening the day-to-day management of the various fire fighting equipment fire-fighting equipment, authorities should be staffed, equipped with fire extinguishers. Fire hydrants identified person responsible for regularly inspecting, testing, at any time in good condition. ? Guard monthly check-fire extinguishers and fire-fighting equipment. ? once every quarter, inspections and tests of a fire hydrant in good condition. 2), plans to develop (1) casualties occurred in construction, such as accidents or accidents of the direct economic 远离毒品，还生命一片干净的蓝天;净化心灵，给生活一个明媚的笑容。 思建设祖国责任，远离毒品;念报答父母恩情，珍爱生命。 看去漂亮 罂粟花实为美女蛇;听来动听 海洛英真是白骨精。 8、运用所学修辞知识，按括号中的要求补全下面的句子。 ?安全在你脚下，幸福在你心中。(某高速公路入口处的对联标语) ?花香鸟语风光美，人杰地灵气象新。 水秀山清气象新。(一处山水名胜的春联) ?失败本是成功母，勤奋方为智慧根。(某自勉联) ?桃李满天下，学问遍神州。(教师节贺教师联) and special tools for emergency response equipment and facilities. Emergency preparedness and response plan 1) emergency response (1) If a major accident occurs, the project should set up emergency response teams, chaired by the project manager, head of production and safety coordinators, professional foreman for the crew, primarily responsible for the orderly rescue when an emergency occurs or processing, outsourcing, team manager and support staff, assisting the Deputy Project Manager for related auxiliary work. (2) after the accident, the project manager is responsible for field commander, advance the establishment of emergency response team personnel, accountability, seriously injured officers sent out rescue, have procedures to deal with accidents, incidents, maximum reduction in casualties and property loss. (3) If an accident occurs, press Division in advance for emergency personnel cleared, concentrate manpower and material and financial resources to rescue the injured, decrease of the maximum loss. (4) after the accident processing work (5) identified the cause of the accident and the person responsible. (6) the written report to the supervisor in writing, including the time and place of the accident, injury (death) person's name, sex, age, trades, injuries, injuries. (7) the development of effective preventive measures to prevent such accidents from happening again. (8) education of all personnel of the organization. (9) informed criticism of those responsible. (10) all personnel read out the results, and responsible disposal. (11) maintenance of emergency supplies, maintenance and testing ? strengthening the day-to-day management of the various fire fighting equipment fire-fighting equipment, authorities should be staffed, equipped with fire extinguishers. Fire hydrants identified person responsible for regularly inspecting, testing, at any time in good condition. ? Guard monthly check-fire extinguishers and fire-fighting equipment. ? once every quarter, inspections and tests of a fire hydrant in good condition. 2), plans to develop (1) casualties occurred in construction, such as accidents or accidents of the direct economic