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全国 2011年 7月自学考试外刊经贸知识选读试题
课程代码:00096
一、Choose one answer that best explains the underlined part of the following sentences.(本
大题共 15小题,每小题 2分,共 30分)
1. Earnings from tourism have got a pronounced increase during 19902000. ( A )1-528
A. incomes B. costs
C. import D. export
2. A substantial proportion of loans from the World Bank is still to be disbursed. ( B )1-11
A. finished B. paid
C. declined D. introduced
3. Outside the zone, any service industry are not entitled to any special status.( B ) 2-36
A. stopped B. authorized
C. accepted D. continued
4. Some western experts predict that China will become the world’s dominant economy in the 21 st
century. ( A )3-530
A. most influential B. best
C. largest D. most typical
5. Aggregate output for developing countries were influenced by the jump of the crude oil price.
( C ) 4-111
A. agriculture B. annual
C. total D. future
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6. Economic weakness in some of the region’s traditional markets has underlined the importance
of market diversification. ( D ) 4-112
A. condition B. sector
C. research D. variety
答案:D
7. Europe and Japan will be bullied to meeting American deadlines and priorities. ( A )
5-139
A. threatened B. cheated
C. persuaded D. praised
8. The moribund economies of new EC members, Spain and Portugal jumped with new life.
( C ) 6-175
A. lively B. developing
C. dying D. liberal
9. Economists estimate that up to 20% of trade between nations is subject to some form of
countertrade. ( C ) 11-537
A. is free from B. is exchanged by
C. is governed by D. is out of
10. To protect its fledgling industries, huge subsidies and official favors are showered in China.
( B ) 8-238
A. mature B. inexperienced
C. uncertain D. basic
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11. A large proportion of the aid goes to finance programs aimed at helping the rural poor.
( B )11-350
A. protect B. provide money
C. buy products D. rent
12. Counterpurchase is a modern form of barter, which can essentially offset the buy’s costs.
( D )14-416
A. increase B. cut
C. keep D. balance
13. Company executives think the popularity of fruit juices can be captured in new soft drink
products. ( C ) 8-238
A. departments B. consultants
C. managers D. accountants
14. In the case of some agricultural products, there is a particularly severe glut of supplies.
( D ) 14-415
A. loss B. shortage
C. drop D. surplus
15. Rumors that Colombian coffee exports would decrease due to recent heavy rains underpinned
sentiment at the outset. ( A )15-447
A. strengthened B. confused
C. eased D. changed
二、Put the following phrases into English(本大题共 10小题,每小题 1分,共 10分)
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16.商品市场 4-117
答案:commodity market
17.可兑换货币 11-351
答案:convertible currency
18.外汇储备 2-35
答案:foreignexchange reserves
19.贸易逆差 7-211
答案:trade deficit
20.商业活动中心 3-66
答案:commercial hub
21.证券投资 4-121
答案:portfolio investment
22.以美元标价的 14-415
答案:dollardominated
23.独家经销
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12-368
答案:exclusive contract
24.有价证券 14-418
答案:securities
25.进口配额 6-184
答案:import quotas
三、Put the following phrases into Chinese(本大题共 10小题,每小题 1分,共 10分)
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26. brain trust 8-239
答案:智囊团
27. spot market 15-450
答案:现货市场
28. debt restructuring 4-120
答案:债务调整
29. Bank of International Settlements 1-15
答案:国际清算银行
30. certificate of origin 9293
答案:产地证明书
31. free trade 7-208
答案:自由贸易
32. liquid assets 14-540
答案:流动资产
33. technology transfer 让 2-35
答案:技术转
34. preferential tax rate 2-36
答案:优惠税率
35. the service sector 14-419
答案:服务部门
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四、Read the following passages and answer the questions in English(本大题共 6小题,每
小题 3分,共 18分)
Passage 1
China is now reaching for the next rung on the economic ladder. Last fall Beijing agreed to
open its markets to more U.S. goods. In return, Washington would support China’s membership in
the GATT. Membership in this club, which includes all the world’s leading economies, could
provide a huge boost for a low-wage export economy. Already though, China’s commercial
strength is starting to worry competitors. Last year China’s trade surplus surged, buoyed by
exports of toys, textiles and consumer electronics. With the U.S. Congress due to consider the
renewal of China’s most-favored nation trade status in June, officials in Beijing fear the trade
imbalance could surpass human rights as a source of U.S. opposition to preferred status for China.
“The trade surplus itself will be the No.1 problem this year,” says one Chinese official. “After
Japan, we will be first in line for retaliation.”
36. In what way would low wages promote the export? 3-74
答案:
Low wages means low costs of the goods produced, and low costs results in low prices
which render the goods competitive in the word market.
37. Can you find out why trade surplus would be a problem? 3-74
答案:
One country’s trade surplus would be some other country’s trade deficit. If it’s too
big, it would be a loss for the importer, both financially and economically.
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38. For what reasons or on what excuse “we might be retaliated”? 3-74
答案:
The country with huge trade surplus might be accused of dumping or using other’s
import quota illegally as in the textile trade.
Passage 2
Disputes over farm trade have bedeviled the current round of GATT talks from the start. On
cereals, Europe and America have squabbled most fiercely. However, officials on both sides were
optimistic that a deal on farming, which would unlock the rest of the round, was within reach.
America has shown some flexibility, and Europe should respond. Much of the EC would like
to. Germany’s willingness to embrace farm reform enabled the Community to produce its planned
reform of the CAP last spring. Germany’s role over the next few days will again be crucial, for it
must tell France that its threat to block the Uruguay round is intolerable. To carry out that threat,
France is likely to need German support. The Community decides its trade policy by qualified
majority vote; France has not straight forward right of veto. Without allies, its only course would
be to block the decision by citing “vital national interests”——the sort of profoundly unEuropean
thing that Britain might do, but which France would rather not.
39. What does CAP stand for? 10-317
答案:
Common Agriculture Policy.
40. What does “course” mean here? 10-328
答案:
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“course” means Policy or principle.
41. What’s your understanding of the “unEuropean thing”? 10-328
答案:
Acts against the unity and unified interest of the European Union.
五、Read the following passages and decide whether the statements are true or false (本大
题共 10小题,每小题 2分,共 20分)
Passage 1
Finland’s finance minister recently made a bold promise to Europe’s 16m unemployed. His
country’s presidency of the EU, which starts on July 1st, will be almost unique: it will be marked
by no new job-creation schemes.
Europe’s unemployment, the central bankers declare, is nothing do with macroeconomic
policy: it is solely a “structural” problem. This is nonsense. Some of Europe’s unemployment is
cyclical, meaning that it could be cut by faster economic growth without sparking inflation. For
example, Germany’s unemployment rate is 10.6%. The IMF estimates its structural rate at 8.9%.
Faster growth could reduce the gap. Even so the bulk of Europe’s unemployment is structural. So
is the European Central Bank right to say that macroeconomic policy cannot affect it?
Well actually, no. Europe’ s high structural unemployment cannot be blamed on labor-market
rigidities(僵化) alone. Its labor markets were as just as ossified 20 years ago, yet joblessness was
then far lower. However, there is a danger that, when labor markets are gummed up, a cyclical rise
in unemployment can turn into a structural one——making it impervious(不受影响的) to an
economic upturn. For example, strict employment-protection laws make it hard for workers who
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lose their jobs to find new ones. The longer they stayed unemployed, the more their skill rust and
the less employers are likely to hire them. Unable to compete effectively for jobs, they no longer
help retrain pay demands: They have become “structurally” unemployed.
42. Finland’s presidency of the EU will solve the Europe’s unemployment. ( F )
43. Faster economic growth will ease the pressure of unemployment in the EU. ( T )
44. Structural rigidities actually do not lead to Europe’s high unemployment. ( F )
45. The employment-protection laws make it easier for workers to find new jobs. ( F )
46. The writer thinks that macroeconomic policy can affect unemployment. ( T )
Passage 2
According to the traditional belief of visitors that Sydney was a good place for a holiday
rather than somewhere to make money—an activity better fitted to Singapore and Hong Kong. But
“that viewpoint is now outdated,“ says New South Wales Premier Bob Carr. He wants to
reposition Sydney as a strategic center for global financial services by taking advantage of
international finance restructuring and the recent Asian economic crisis. Becoming a regional hub
for mega( 巨 大 的 )-banks, funds managers and insurance groups would attract other
(telecommunications providers, law firms, chartered accountants), create jobs, stimulate
construction. ”We want to become the Wall Street of East Asia,“ says Federal Finance Services
Minister Joe Hockey.
Australia traditionally made a living by using its buried treasures rather than its brains. The
drive to make Sydney a financial center is part of the country’s shift from resources to
knowledge-intensive services. And the politicians are basing their promotional pitch(
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sweeping(大规模的) policy reforms that have turned Australia from one of the world’s most
insular and protected economies into one that is open and entrepreneurial. But despite recent tax
changes and Hockey calls “the most significant undertaken in our history”, some senior industry
figures say Sydney may not have all it takes to outdo the attractions of Australia’s regional rivals.
“We are a relatively small country a long way from the major population centers and hence the
customers that drive activity,” Reserve Bank of Australia assistant governor Battelino told a recent
Senate hearing on financial services. The politicians disagree: communications technology, they
insist, is making Australia’s location irrelevant.
47. Sydney is famous for its tourism. ( T )
48. Sydney has overwhelming competitiveness than its rivals. ( F )
49. Knowledge-intensive services are Australia’s traditional economic sectors.( F )
50. Communication technology may overcome the disadvantage of Australia’s location.( T )
51. Sydney plans to become a global finance center as its Asian neighbor Hong Kong
does.( T )
六、Translate the following passage into Chinese(本大题 12分)7-202
52.Analysis explains the recent rise in Japan’s trade surplus as follows: because of the recession
at home, Japan has seen a decline in expensive imports of luxuries, which were enormously
fashionable during the second half of the 1980s. This effect has been compounded, thanks to slow
growth elsewhere, by low prices for the international commodities that Japanese industry depends
upon. Exports of Japanese machinery, on the other hand, withstood the downturn quite well
because the Asian economies that buy them continued to boom.
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答案:
分析揭示了近期日本贸易顺差增长的原因:由于日本国内的经济衰退,昂贵奢侈品的进口有
所下降,而这些产品在 19 世纪 80 年代后期是相当时髦的。因为其他地区的经济增长缓慢,
同时日本工业所依赖的国际产品价格低廉,使得这种效果很明显。另一方面,由于亚洲国家
的经济告诉增长,日本的机械产品出口成功地承受了这次经济衰退的考验。
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