besides except except for but的用法区别

besidesexceptexceptforbut的用法区别besides;except;exceptfor;but用法的区别这四个介词或者短语都可以表示“除了„”的意思。但except仅表示“除了„”，排除在外，后面可以接that，what，when等引导的从句;而besides表示“除了„还有„”的意思，表示包含在内;exceptfor表示“除了„”，它引出一个与前面的词相反的原因或者事例;but的意思与except接近，它主要与某些不定代词如nothing，all，anything，noone，anyone等连用。例如:"Exceptforoneoldlady,thebuswasempty."公共汽车上要不是坐了一位老太太就是空的。Shecandoeverythingexceptcook.除了做饭之外她什么都会。Hehadconsideredeverythingexcepttheweather."他什么都想过,唯独没考虑到天气。"IknownothingaboutitexceptwhatIhavereadinthepapers."除了在报上读到的以外,我对这件事一无所知。"MostoftheChinesepeopleusuallygotoworkonthebikeexceptwhenitrains."除了雨天,大多数中国人一般都骑自行车上班。"Besidesmilkandcheese,weneedvegetables.除了牛奶和干酪外，我们还需要蔬菜。Besidesfootball,Ilikeplayingbasketballandtabletennis.除了足球以外，我还喜欢打篮球和乒乓球。Noonebutmepassedtheexamyesterday.昨天除了我以外没别人考及格。NobodybutLiMingtalkedtoLaoWangtoday.除了李明，今天没有人跟老王说话。except,exceptfor/that,besides和but的用法习题:1.NooneknewMrBeson'saddress_______hisdaughter.A.exceptB.exceptsC.onlyD.besides2.Doyouknowanyotherforeignlanguage______English?A.exceptB.butC.besideD.besides3.Iknownothingabouttheyounglady________sheisfromBeijing.A.exceptB.exceptforC.exceptthatD.besides4.Sandycoulddonothingbut________tohisteacherthathewaswrong.A.admitB.admittedC.admittingD.toadmit析:Key:1.A2.D3.C4.A。由此,我们可以看出except,exceptfor/that,besides和but的用法。except,exceptfor/that,besides和but都有"除„„之外"的意思,但用法各异,现就它们的用法进行分析比较:一、except的用法--"排除式"except意为"只有„„除外;除去„„",后跟名词或代词作宾语,强调从整体中除去部分,即except后的部分不包括在整体之内。因此,常和all,everything,noone,nothing等词一起使用。其判别标志是:除去的与保留的是"同类项"。例如:1.Allofthemwentoutforawalk________John.A.besidesB.exceptC.besideD.excepts2.Everyoneishere________XiaoWangandme.A.exceptB.besidesC.besideD.excepts析:Key:1.B2.A。因除去的与保留的是"同类项",且1、2题中有信息词All、Everyone。二、exceptfor/that的用法--"排除否定式"except除后跟名词、代词作宾语外,还可跟介词,也可跟从句。(1)exceptfor...是"除了因为„„;要不是„„;除去„„一点外"的意思,表示"对一个人或事物,先做一个整体评价,然后再就局部提出一点看法"。即一部分被肯定,另一部分被否定,这就是所谓的"排除否定式"。其判别标志是:除去的与保留的"不是同类项"。例如:1.Itwasdarkinthecity________afewweaklights.A.exceptforB.exceptC.besidesD.butfor2.Yourcompositionisverygood________afewspellingmistakes.A.exceptthatB.exceptforC.besidesD.beside析:Key:1.A2.B。因为除去的与保留的"不是同类项",故选exceptfor。(2)exceptthat...也是"除去„„一点外"的意思,但应注意恰当地使用引导词。若从句句意和结构完整,只需用引导词that。例如:1.Thesuitfittedhimwell________thecolourwasalittlebrighter.A.exceptforB.exceptthatC.exceptwhenD.besides析:Key:B。本题题意为"除色彩艳了一点儿外,这套衣服很适合他",从句thecolourwasalittlebrighter句意和结构完整,只需用引导词that,故选exceptthat。2.-Canyoutellmeallabouttheearthquake?-Sorry,Iknownothingaboutit________Ireadinthenewspaper.A.exceptB.exceptforC.exceptwhatD.exceptthat析:Key:C。因从句中read为及物动词,且其后无宾语,故选exceptwhat。3.MrGreenusuallygoestoworkbybus________itrains.A.besidesB.exceptwhenC.exceptwhatD.beside析:Key:B。由于itrains为从句,故排除A、D,且rains为不及物动词,不需要宾语,故排除C。exceptwhen意为"除了当„„的时候"。(3)exceptfor与exceptthat有时可互相转换。例如:1.Yourcompositionisverygoodexceptforafewspellingmistakes.=Yourcompositionisverygoodexceptthatthereareafewspellingmistakes.2.Thevillageisveryquietexceptforsomebirdssinginginthewoods.=Thevillageisveryquietexceptthattherearesomebirdssinginginthewoods.三、besides的用法--"包括式"besides相当于aswellas,意为"除了„„以外还有„„",即"除去一部分还有另外一部分"的意思,表示besides后面的部分包括在整体之内。例如:1.DoesJohnknowanyotherforeignlanguage________French.A.exceptB.butC.besidesD.beside析:Key:C。由本题中的信息词"anyotherforeignlanguage",可知选besides。四、but的用法--"排除式"but是"除了„„以外"的意思,相当于except。(1)but后也可以接名词或代词作宾语。例如:1.Theyallwenttothepark________Mikeandme.A.besidesB.exceptforC.butD.beside析:Key:C。因为all是信息词,且they与Mikeandme是"同类项",根据句意应选C。(2)but常与下列词连用:a.否定词noone,none,nothing等;b.疑问词who,what等;c.不定代词all,everyone等。例如:1.Nothingbutdisasterwouldcomefromsuchaplan.这个 计划 项目进度计划表范例计划下载计划下载计划下载课程教学计划下载 只能招灾惹祸,别无益处。2.WhobutTomwoulddosuchathing?除了汤姆以外还有谁愿意干这种事?(3)but后可接动词不定式。注意:当but前面有实义动词do以及其相应形式作谓语动词时,则其后跟不带"to"的动词不定式,反之加"to"。例如:1.Davidcoulddonothingbut________histeacheryesterdayafternoon.A.helpB.helpedC.helpingD.tohelp析:key:A。donothingbut...后应接动词原形,意为"除做„„外什么也不做"。2.Theenemyhadnochoicebut________theirarmsand________.A.liedown;giveinB.laydown;giveinC.tolaydown;giveinD.toliedown;togivein析:Key:C。havenochoicebut后应接带to的动词不定式,且and后的成分与动词不定式之间存在并列关系,故选C。注意:butfor是"要不是;没有„„"的意思,常用于虚拟语气。例如:Butforyourhelp,Iwouldhavefailed.要是没有你的帮助,我早就失败了。此外:apartfrom也可表示此意，其用法相当与besides,exceptfor