节能车外文原文和翻译

外文原文: Cars of Tomorrow Automotive Engineers Team Up to Improve Energy-Saving Technology October 1, 2006— Mechanical and electrical engineers at DaimlerChrysler, General Motors and BMW have jointly developed a hybrid-vehicle technology that shuts the internal combustion engine off when the vehicle stops. Meanwhile, engineers are working to replace the platinum in fuel cells with cheaper materials, which could lead to viable hydrogen cars. AUBURN HILLS, Mich. -- The high cost of hybrids has kept many people from going green, and a new Edmonds.com study shows that with the cost of gas -- combined with tax credits -- it only takes about three years to break even. Now a new breed of hybrid is going to lessen that time even more. It's the brainchild of not one car company but DaimlerChrysler, General Motors and BMW! They are all working together to create the car of tomorrow. As gas prices go up, the pressure is on to create cars that use less. "The hybrid system that we're developing, we can apply to any vehicle that we have," Glenn Denomme, a chief engineer of Hybrid Powertrain Programs at DaimlerChrysler in Auburn Hills, Michigan, tells DBIS. It allows for increased performance compared to a conventional SUV and improves fuel economy by up to 25 percent. Denomme says, "You can still haul your cargo, but you can still be environmentally sound too." Today's hybrid works best in stop-and-go traffic -- tomorrow's hybrid will give you better fuel economy, not only in the city, but on the highway. When the new hybrid is stopped, the advanced system shuts the internal combustion engine off, conserving fuel. When the car starts to move, electric power is used to conserve fuel, adding power from the engine as needed. Speeding up even more, power from both the engine and electric motors are routed to the wheels for greater acceleration. The new technology doesn't stop there! A fuel cell car is 100-percent electric. "It takes hydrogen and oxygen, combines it to form water, and at the same time produces electricity," says Doan h Tran, an advanced vehicle engineer with DaimlerChrysler’s Fuel Cell Vehicles & Technologies. Hydrogen can be produced from just about anything that has a hydrogen molecule, and the car has no emission out of the tailpipe except water vapor. Right now, pl atinum is used for the fuel cell’s parts and is expensive, but materials engineers are working to find new metals. And as for mileage, it gets 56 miles per gallon, so a little can go a long way. The fuel cell car won't be for sale until around 2012. The new DaimlerChrysler hybrid will hit the market in 2008. It will cost more than a conventional car, but the price hasn't been set yet. BACKGROUND: The German-American consortium of BMW, DaimlerChrysler and General Motors are developing a new type of two-mode hybrid system for a wide range of cars, trucks and SUVs, starting with the 2008 Chevrolet Tahoe available in fall 2007. Current hybrids perform well in stop-and-go city driving, but don't get as good mileage on the highway. The new hybrid version will get 25 percent better mileage in combined city and highway driving. ADVANTAGES: Current hybrid engine systems have a single mode of operation, using a single gear set to split the engine's power into two systems -- routing it to drive the wheels or charge the battery -- for both city and highway driving. Like other hybrids, the two-mode combines the power of a gasoline engine with that of electric motors, capturing energy from braking that would otherwise be lost and shutting off the engine at a stop. The battery alone can power the vehicle at low speeds. The new technology can operate much more efficiently at highway speeds with a greater boost from the electric motors, shutting down half the cylinders when not needed, thereby improving gas mileage. The components of the new two-mode system are also lighter and more compact, making them especially useful for reducing overall fuel consumption. BATTERY BASICS: Whenever one type of matter converts into another, as in a chemical reaction, one form of energy also changes into another. A battery has two ends, called terminals, one with a negative charge, and one with a positive charge. Electrons congregate on the negative terminal. Connect a wire between the two terminals, and the electrons will flow from the negative to the positive end as quickly as they can. Connecting the battery starts the flow of electrons, jumpstarting a series of chemical reactions inside the battery to create even more electrons. HOW FUEL CELLS WORK: Just like batteries, a fuel cell is a device that uses chemical reactions to convert hydrogen and oxygen into water, producing electricity in the process. A battery eventually goes dead when all the chemicals are used up, but in a fuel cell, there is a constant flow of chemicals into the cell. The voltage produced by fuel cells can be used to power lights, electrical appliances, and laptops, as well as cars and trucks. Fuel cells are light, more efficient than internal combustion engines, and don't produce damaging emissions. They are currently expensive to manufacture, however. 外文翻译: 未来汽车 汽车工程师合作以提高节能技术 2006年十月一号-戴姆勒-克莱斯勒、通用汽车和宝马的机械和电气工程师合作研制出了一种在车辆停止时让内燃机停止工作的混合动力车辆技术。同时,工程师们正努力用便宜的材料取代燃料电池中的铂,这将导致氢能汽车的出现成为可能。 AUBURN HILLS, Mich.说混合动力的高消费让普通民众远离了绿色生活,并且一份最新的Edmonds.com研究结果表明由汽油消费结合抵值税一起,只需要三年就能达到收支平衡。 现在出现的一种最新的混合动力将使用这时间变得更少。这是戴姆勒-克莱斯勒、通用汽车和宝马汽车公司相互合作的结果,工程师们相互合作创造出了未来汽车。 由于汽油价格的持续上升,这将给如何制造耗油少的汽车巨大的压力。 “我们正在研制的混合动力系统能够适用于我们所拥有的任何一辆车”,戴姆勒-克莱斯勒分部的混合动力系统的项目总工程师Glenn Denomme在密歇根Auburn 山告诉DBIS。 和传统SUV相比,它不仅可以提高性能,在燃油经济性上也提高了20%, Denomme说,“你还可以继续拖着您的货物,但是这并不会让您对环境造成损害。” 今天的混合动力只能用在这跌跌撞撞的交通上,未来的混合动力系统将会给你更好的燃油经济性,不仅是在城市里,同样也在高速公路上。当新的混合动力系统停止工作,先进的系统让内燃机也同时停止来节约燃料。当车子重新启动,储存的电源作为发动机的补充动力。 当为了让汽车获得更高的速度时,从发动机和电动马达所获得的电力将会按照指定的路线传递到轮子上以获得更大的加速度。 这项新技术并不仅仅止于此!燃料电池汽车可以称得上是百分百的电器。 “这项技术的工作原理就是通过氢气和氧气相互反应,最终生成水,同时能够产生电”,戴姆勒克莱斯勒的燃料电池车及技术先进汽车工程师Doanh Tran 说。 氢气可以通过任何含有氢元素分子的材料制造出来,而且通过汽车排气管派出的除了水蒸气没有任何其他的污染物。 现在,铂作为燃料电池的组成部分,是一种非常昂贵的材料。但是材料工程师的主要任务就是寻找新的可替代金属。同时对于行驶历程来说,一加仑的汽油只能走56公里,而一点点的铂就能够做到。 根据 计划 项目进度计划表范例计划下载计划下载计划下载课程教学计划下载 ,这种燃料电池车在2012年前不会出售而出现在市场上,但是新戴姆勒-克莱斯勒的混合动力汽车将会在2008年进入市场,预计它的售价将高于传统的汽车,但是至于具体的价格至今还没有决定。 背景:德国和美国的财团宝马,戴姆勒-克莱斯勒和通用汽车公司正在开发一种新型的可应用于汽车,卡车和SUV等广泛车型的双模混合动力系统,从2007年秋季到2008年的雪佛兰,目前的混合动力汽车能很好完成市区走走停停的行车驾驶方式,但是在告诉公路上却不能得到好的里程数。最新的混合动力版本在城市和告诉公路之间的方式驾驶能够获得多于传统形式车25%的里程数。 优点:对于在城市和告诉公路上行驶,目前的混合动力引擎系统都有一个单一的运行模式,利用一套齿轮传动将发动机的能量分到两个系统-用它来驱动轮子或者给电池充电。像其他混合动力汽车,从汽油机和电动马达获得能量的双重模式同时草哦没那个制动上获得能量可能会抛锚或者引擎不能启动,这是电池可以在较低的速度下肚子维持汽车的行驶。这项新技术由于电动马达的存在,使其在更好运作告诉行驶时有更大的提升,进而提升汽油行驶里程。这种新双重模式运行的元件使汽车车身变得更轻也更紧凑,使得它们他别适合减少总油耗。 电池基本组成:每当物质有一种形式转化成另一种形式,比如在化学反应中,一种形式的能量转化成另一种能量。电池有两个末端,称为终端,一段带负电荷,一端带正电荷,电子聚集在负面终端,将这两个终端用导线连接,电子将会从负端以最快的速度流到正端。连接电池开始电子的流动,突然变化的一系列的化学反应将会产生更过的电子。 燃料电池如何工作:就像电池一样,燃料电池是一种利用氢和氧化学反应转换成水的过程中产生电力的一种装置。一块电池在内部化学物质用光时意味着它的最终死亡,但是在按了电池中,有一种化学物质源源不断的进入其中,其产生的电压产生的可用于电力灯光、电器产品,笔记本电脑,以及汽车和卡车。燃料电池是一种光,它比内燃机还要有效率,而且不会产生任何废气排放,因而即使现在很昂贵也在继续生产。