8大学英语作文高分技巧底稿
大学英语四级考试作文高分技巧
1. 写作前准备
?、审
题
快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题
我们审题的目的就是根据不同体裁确定不同的写作方法。通过审题，我们可以看出四级作文大都是三段式。
议
论文
政研论文下载论文大学下载论文大学下载关于长拳的论文浙大论文封面下载
;要有论点和论据，而且往往从正反，原因，作用，影响，后果论述
明文:可以从几方面或几条来说明一个问题，可以从(如德智体)来说明合格大学生的必要性。 说
描述文:一―人‖为中心描述一个―做‖的过程。
(二)、确定主题句
通过审题，我们知道该如何确定正确的写作思路。下边我们就谈如何些。第一部就是要写主题句。主题句是确保不跑题的前提，只有不跑题才有可得及格分。写主题句嘴保险的方法就是把中文提纲的各句译成英语。例如上述三段主题句分别为:
It is very necessary to be a good university student . (议论体的主题句)
There are several respects of necessities to be a good university student .(说明体的主题句)
What I will do in the future is the following .(描述体主题句)
假如要求句是英语就可以把它变成主题句，例如这样一篇作文:
Good Health
Importance of good health
Ways to keep fit
My own practice
这样的作文的要求句就可以扩充成主题句。扩充后三段的主题句分别为:
It is very important to have good health .(将名词 importance变成形容词important)
There are four ways to keep fit for me .(用 there be 句型)
My own practices are the following .(采用原词)
(三)、确保文章条理清楚
保证不跑题是写作当中第一任务，第二个重要任务就是要做到条理清楚。对于议论文来说，正反面要清楚，对于说明文来说条理要清楚，对于描述文来说，谁干什么要清楚。就拿上例Good health 来说，第一段保持正反面要清楚救应这样写:正面(With good health ,we can...)，反面(Without good health ,we
can do nothing .We can’t do...)
为了使文章更具有条理性，我们可以用first(ly) second(ly) third(ly)等副词，他们可以是文章的条例性更加突出。作文是主观题，想得高分就必须引起老师的主意，老师的时间很短(每篇作文只有一两分钟就要阅完)，所以我们在列调试最好不用: To be with,... after that ,...And then, ... The next , ... The followi
ng , ... As last ... 。因为用这样的词语不利于老师看出你作文的条理性。
(四)、保证作文符合字数要求的十二句作文法
考生一般都希望作文达到字数而又不至于写得太多，因为写得太多一方面暴露自己语言上的弱点，另一方面又会占用过多的时间。写得太多还易跑题，一个有效的方法就是十二句作文法。
我们知道，四级作文都是三段式。我们算一下，假如我们在每一段中写上四句，即主题句加两三句扩展句和一个结论句就可以了。这样全篇在十二句左右，每一句十多个词，就又120-150个字。大家可以试图找一些作文题练一练。
2、英语作文考试的卷面设计及评分标准如下:
A、除给出的段首句外，作文字数少于120个词者扣2分;少于110个词者扣4分;少于100个词者扣6分;少于80个词者扣8分;少于60个词者最多只能得5分。
B、文章不足三段者得0-9分;只写一段者得0-4分。
C、文不对题者得0分。
D、条理不清、思路混乱、语言支离破碎、句子有严重语法错误者得0-7分;
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E、基本切题，但表达不清楚，连贯性差，语言错误较多并严惩者得8-14分;
F、文章切题，表达比较清楚，文字尚连贯，严重的语言错误较少者得15-19分;
G、切题，表达清楚，内容连贯，有个别语法错误者得20-22分;
H、文章主题突出，文字通顺，连贯性好，基本上无语言错误，表达准确者得23-25分。
3、英语作文考试命形式
命题形式一:对比观点题型 命题形式二:阐述主题题型
命题形式三:解决方法题型 命题形式四:说明利弊题型
命题形式五:图表说明题型 命题形式六:应用文题型
4(作文注意事项:?答题时最好用炭素笔, 不要用圆珠笔和钢笔,这是历年河北阅卷老师的一个经验,
愿意看用碳素笔写的主观题,(学生复习前应该先了解老师是如何阅卷的,才能对症下药) ?字迹当然要清晰
漂亮,因为作文阅卷大约12秒中,在12秒钟内字迹可以迅速的取悦老师,取得高分。?千万不要在错误的单
词或句子上涂改,否则影响老师心情,直接将你打入低分档;?如果有错怎么改? 应该在错误的单词上轻轻划
上一道,如果老师看到了,就知道你认错了,如果没看见也就过去了。?写作分三段,建议第一段和第三段就写
两句话,干净利索.一般阅卷老师不怎么看第二段.或粗略而过,要把握好他们的心理。?如果有单词不会写,
立刻到阅读理解中查找,如果没有可以在阅读理解中找个比较复杂的单词,连阅卷老师都可能不会,写在你的
作文里,没有老师仔细给你
分析
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这个单词是啥意思,用法如何?(此招不适用于四。六级)但绝对不可大段抄
袭。?阅读理解要会用在作文上,他是作文取之不尽用之不乏的源泉,比如其中的句子结构,其中的单词,其中
的语法都可以大量的运用在作文上。?长短句交叉。?独立主格，倒装句，强调句，虚拟句。?英语句式
要丰富(见下列)?句子开头不要用I/We,要用被动式。?善用插入语other individuals, however/therefore/
for example/I hold, take the attitude that
5.英语四级考试写作常用词替换
1.英语用词较灵活
1)词
Good/bad-positive/negative; many/a lot of/lots of-an army of/an ocean of/a sea of;some-a slice of/quite a few/several; thing/case/affaire/business/matter; people-individuals/folks/characters;opinion/perspective;suitable/proper-applicable;ways-approaches; very-extremely/exceedingly;important-vital/crucial; more and more-increasing/growing; common-shared/have sth in common; hardly-little if anything; helpful-rewarding; effects/
influnce-impacts; advantage/disadvantage-fruits/defects; cause-trigger/give rise to/lead to; remember/bear in mind/keep sth on mind/ it occurs to sb that; interaction/communication; agree/disgree-approve of/frown on/object to/oppose to; most/the vast majority of/the considerable proportion of/ the large percentage of; about/as to/concerning/with regards to/ with reference to; filled with/flooded with;useful/profitable; remove/retain/social elite/ ivory tower/ feedback/ swift change/ever-changing world/ pillar ;backbone/excel/rank among/merits and demerits; pros and cons/ x-related; x-rich, much applauded; well- informed;
Abundant -sufficient -ample –enough. A small sum of – little money。 Adequate --- enough。 Appr
oximately – almost。Above all --- the most important thing .accelerate – increase. Acquire---gain/ obtain.
Acquaintance ---friend /company. be highly condemned ---- people criticize. advocate –call for. attribute t
o/owe to/ascribe to – because of. Anticipate ---foresee/ predict/foretell. Appeal to sb ---fascinate sb/ attract sb arise from – originate from.Attempt to do --- want to do. At the idea of/ at the mention of/ at the
sight of/ at the sound of ---think/talk/see/hear. at the cost of 以什么为代价. authority --- government.
Available ---have free time. be addicted to – like. Be/feel obliged to do sth ---- have to do / must do.
better – to make sth better. be crucial to---be important to. get confronted with – face with. Be delight
ed to do ---happy/glad/ pleased to do. be beneficial to – be good for. be detrimental to – be harmful fo
r.. be obsessed with – be attracted by . By comparison --- compared with. call forth – arose. carry out
–implement. celebrity – famous people. cherish /treasure– care. claim –say. Confirm --- make sure / assu
re. conform to – similar to. contribute to – result in. constitute --- make up . counter-measure-- solution.
cultivate --- educate. Develop an unshakable faith in sth ----- totally believe in sb disastrous – sad. dist
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urbing – annoying. distinctive --- special. Enable us to do sth --- make it possible for sb to do sth.. endure – bear. endeavor to – try to. excessive – to much. Exert(exercise) a positive influence on sb---- infl
uence sb. Exert a peculiar fascination on sb ---- fascinate sb greatly. excel – surpass. Fail to– didn’t/do
n’t. feel so dejected about___ ---- feel sad about___. fierce – cruel. frequently/regularly -- often. foster -
cultivate. fulfill—make dream come true. Give rise to --- lead to/ result in / cause. Go to great length(to one’s capacity)(maximum)(go all-out)to do sth ---- try their best to do. Have an intention of doing ---want to do sth.. Have the reputation of ---- famous for.. have a passion for – like. heart and soul – wit
h all my heart. I am fully convinced that ---- I am sure/ positive that. Imagine sth to be a sort of sth --- think of sth as sth/ regard ---as/ refer to ---as. imperative – necessary. in possession of ---- own. In t
heir effort to do sth --- they try to do sth. In the case of – take --as an example. Invariably --- always.
inseparable – indivisible. inevitable – unavoidable. in no time—immediately. (superior)Inferior to ---- wo
rse than. in support of – support. in that – because. in mounting numbers – a great number of. It’s the
normally accepted practice that ---- people believe that …. It’s disturbing to think that ---- I am so worr
ied about to think that……. It suddenly dawned on me that--- it suddenly came to/ occurred to/ me that
-- / I suddenly realized that…. It has always been a mystery to me that ….. -------I always want to kno
w that…. it is inconceivable – it’s hard to imagine / believe – it’s vital to–it’s important to. It’s essentia
l... --- it’s important. it’s generally agreed upon that—people agreed that. it’s traditional deal for sb to d
o---- traditional habit to do-. It would be unforgivable to do ---- cannot do sth. Put weight on-lay emphasis on --- pay attention to. Live under the illusion that ---- live in the false idea. live up to – fulfill. l
ong for – desire. Make a name for oneself ---- became famous. Make a close study of ---- research on.
No creature has received more praise and abuse than sth ----- sth has been praised or abused most. No
one can avoid being influenced by advertisement --- advertisement influenced everyone Now that ….but
--- although/ though. No sooner…than ------ immediately when / as soon as…. News come to me that--
--- I heard the news that. Nuisance – problem/ trouble/headache. Observe / spot --- see / watch / look.. obligation –duty. odds – problem. poverty-stricken area– poor area. Promptly --- in time. pursue – seek.
Reluctantly --- be unwilling to do / unwillingly. Second to none ---best. Seek common ground while reserving differences.求同存异. spare no effort doing –try best to. Sth is beyond me ---- I don’t understand
sth. strive to do__ ---try best to do sth. surmount – overcome. Take possession of sth – in charge of st
h. thorough – completel. Unfortunate --- unlucky. undergo—experience. ultimate goal – final goal. utilize
– apply / use. worship – love. When it came to pollution problem-----when we talked about pollution problem. yield to – surrender。Characterized by/ characteristic of/representative of/ typical of…. Combine e
fforts. Society mushrooming…..strike balance between…differ in/resemble in. wage a war against. Pose a
threat to.swarm into/flood/jammed into. Assume responsibilityof shirk … in retrospect, with an eye to…
keep on alert for , grind one,s brain, brush on, gain upper hand in, feel pulse of times, scratch the surface of, cast light on..eye horizon , emerge as . under banner of, well-off society, give a free rein to, treat without bias, weighing up pros and cons, bedded with , reform and opening-up, spend over/spend, facilitate sb with sth..arm…roll up sleeves, climb up social ladder
2)提高英语写作分数的句式
1.经济的快速发展 the rapid development of economy
2.人民生活水平的显著提高/ 稳步增长the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people’s livin
g standard
3.先进的科学技术 advanced science and technology
4.面临新的机遇和挑战 be faced with new opportunities and challenges
5.人们普遍认为 It is commonly believed/ recognized that„
6.社会发展的必然结果 the inevitable result of social development
7.引起了广泛的公众关注 arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention
3 第 3 页 共 43 页
8.不可否认 It is undeniable that„/ There is no denying that„
9.热烈的讨论/ 争论 a heated discussion/ debate
10. 有争议性的问题 a controversial issue
11.完全不同的观点 a totally different argument
12.一些人 „而另外一些人 „ Some people„ while others„
13. 就我而言/ 就个人而言 As far as I am concerned, / Personally,
14.就„达到绝对的一致 reach an absolute consensus on„
15.有充分的理由支持 be supported by sound reasons
16.双方的论点 argument on both sides
17.发挥着日益重要的作用 play an increasingly important role in„
18.对„必不可少 be indispensable to „
19.正如谚语所说 As the proverb goes:
20.„也不例外 „be no exception
21.对„产生有利/不利的影响 exert positive/ negative effects on„
22.利远远大于弊 the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages。
23.导致，引起 lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in
24.复杂的社会现象 a complicated social phenomenon
25.责任感 / 成就感 sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement
26. 竞争与合作精神 sense of competition and cooperation
27. 开阔眼界 widen one’s horizon/ broaden one’s vision
28.学习知识和技能 acquire knowledge and skills
29.经济/心理负担 financial burden / psychological burden
30.考虑到诸多因素 take many factors into account/ consideration
31. 从另一个角度 from another perspective
32.做出共同努力 make joint efforts
33. 对„有益 be beneficial / conducive to„
34.为社会做贡献 make contributions to the society
35.打下坚实的基础 lay a solid foundation for„
36.综合素质 comprehensive quality
37.无可非议 blameless / beyond reproach
39.致力于/ 投身于 be committed / devoted to„
40. 应当承认 Admittedly,
41.不可推卸的义务 unshakable duty
42. 满足需求 satisfy/ meet the needs of„
43.可靠的信息源 a reliable source of information
44.宝贵的自然资源 valuable natural resources
45.因特网 the Internet (一定要由冠词，字母I 大写)
46.方便快捷 convenient and efficient
47.在人类生活的方方面面 in all aspects of human life
48.环保(的) environmental protection / environmentally friendly
49.社会进步的体现 a symbol of society progress
50.科技的飞速更新 the ever-accelerated updating of science and technology
51.对这一问题持有不同态度 hold different attitudes towards this issue
52.支持前/后种观点的人 people / those in fovor of the former/ latteropinion
53.有/ 提供如下理由/ 证据 have/ provide the following reasons/ evidence
54.在一定程度上 to some extent/ degree / in some way
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55. 理论和实践相结合 integrate theory with practice
56. „必然趋势 an irresistible trend of„
57.日益激烈的社会竞争 the increasingly fierce social competition
58.眼前利益 immediate interest/ short-term interest
59.长远利益. interest in the long run
60.„有其自身的优缺点 „ has its merits and demerits/ advantages and disadvantages
61.扬长避短 Exploit to the full one’s favorable conditions and avoid unfavorable ones
62.取其精髓，取其糟粕 Take the essence and discard the dregs。
63.对„有害 do harm to / be harmful to/ be detrimental to
64.交流思想/ 情感/ 信息 exchange ideas/ emotions/ information
65.跟上„的最新发展 keep pace with / catch up with/ keep abreast with the latest development of
66.采取有效措施来„ take effective measures to do sth
67.„的健康发展 the healthy development of „
68.有利有弊 Every coin has its two sides。
No garden without weeds。
69.对„观点因人而异 Views on „vary from person to person。
70.重视 attach great importance to„
71.社会地位 social status
72.把时间和精力放在„上 focus time and energy on„
73.扩大知识面 expand one’s scope of knowledge
74.身心两方面 both physically and mentally
75.有直接/间接关系 be directly / indirectly related to„
76. 提出折中提议 set forth a compromise proposal
77. 可以取代 “think”的词 believe, claim, maintain, argue, insist, hold the opinion/ belief that
78.缓解压力/ 减轻负担 relieve stress/ burden
79.优先考虑/发展„ give (top) priority to sth。
80.与„比较 compared with„/ in comparison with
81. 相反 in contrast / on the contrary。
82.代替 replace/ substitute / take the place of
83.经不起推敲 cannot bear closer analysis / cannot hold water
84.提供就业机会 offer job opportunities
85. 社会进步的反映 mirror of social progress
86.毫无疑问 Undoubtedly, / There is no doubt that„
87.增进相互了解 enhance/ promote mutual understanding
88.充分利用 make full use of / take advantage of
89.sharpen one’s competitiveness代替enhance one’s competitive edge
90. sb is interested in sth- sth appeals to sb
Get benefits-reap benefits; attract one’s attention- capture one’s attention; pay attention to- pour attention to/ attach much importance to; better than/ superior to/ outweigh ;for example-take sth for an examp
le/to name a few, as an example ; our life abounds with cases in point ;cases accounting for saying ―‖
are too numerous to mention one by one/ around clock;/(pop up,spring up, shoot up,advance); familiarize
sb with sth/ differ in ;resemble in/ strike balance between, treat without bias,put balanced weight on/ w
eigh up pros and cons/ exercise influence on, put emphasis on/ get stuck in, haunted by, saddled with/ e
merge as, be qualified as; wage a war against/ swarm into / flood into/ be jammed with/ pose a threat t
o/ in retrospect, with a new eye to/on high alert for, off alert/ brush on / take a lead in,gain upper han
d, lag behind/ not necessarily/ keep abreast with, feel pulse of/ well- to –do/ under the banner of reform
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and opening- up/ climb up social ladder /venture out/ live on ends / roll up sleeve/ transcend time and
space/ final rush/ unremitting efforts/ unyielding spirits the first nut to crack is that…
229 cast prosperity of
230 x has its strenth
Want to/ prefer to ; don’t want to/ do sth with reluctance
All kinds of a wide variety/ a variety of
Try one’s best/do sth to one’s capacity/ do one’s utmost/ go all-out
Learn sth well/ have a good command of; be to do/ be scheduled to do1) As is known to all,....2) It is universally acknowledged that3) Nothing is more than to do sth3)cannot emphasize sth too much4)there is no denying that5) it goes without saying that6) on no account/in no way/in no case can we..7)spare no effort8)sth leave much to be desired/pose a great threat to(对。。造成威胁)9)the dawn of new c
entury/the past few years witnessed achievement/popularity in
6.经典:四六级高分作文基本句式
以下是英语四六级短文写作中使用率最高、覆盖面最广的基本句式，每组句式的功能相同或相似，考
生可根据自己的情况选择其中的1,2个，做到能够熟练正确地仿写或套用。
(1) 表递进:
initially/ first and foremost/firstly/ in the first place/ to begin/start with/ the first thing of the first;secondl
y/ next/in addition/what’s more/besides; lastly/finally/ in the end/ last but not least/ ultimately
(2)表转折
by contrast/although/though/yet
at the same time/but/despite the fact that/even so
in contrast/nevertheless/even through/for all that
notwithstanding/on the contrary/however/in spite of
on the other hand/otherwise/instead/still/regardless
(3)表因果
therefore/consequently/because of/for the reason
thus/hence/due to/owing to/ by virtue of/on account of
so/according/thanks to/on this account
as a result/as a consequence of
(4)表让步
still/nevertheless/ in spite of/all the same/of course/despite/even so/after all
5)表举例
for example/for instance/for one thing/that is/to illustrate/as an illustration/a case in point is that/ a case t
ypical of/representative of/ characteristic of/illustrative of /illustrating/indicating /representing the above ide
a can be summed up(generalized/listed/indicated…) as below/as follows
(6)表解释
as a matter of fact/frankly speaking/in this case/namely/in other words
(7)表总结
In summary/in a word/thus/as has been said
in brief/in conclusion/altogether/in other words
to conclude/in fact/finally/in simpler terms/indeed/in short/in particular/that is/ in other words/of course/on the whole/to put it differently/namely/in all/therefore/to summarize. 1)In shor
t，it can be said that((( 2)It may be briefly summed up as follows(3)From what has been mention
ed above，we can come to the conclusion that ((( as a result, as a consequence, consequently, thus, therefore,/to put everything in a nutshell/in a nutshell, in general，in short, it can be said that/ it can be b
riefly summed up as follows/from what has been mentioned above, conclusion can be made that; to put
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everything in a shell;
(8)表时间after a while/afterward/again/also/and then/aslongas/eventually/finally/formerly/further/furthermore/in addition
in the first place/in the past presently/second shortly/simultaneously since/so far /subsequently/then/thereaf
ter /until/until now
(9)(表示原因
1)There are three reasons for this( 2)The reasons for this are as follows(
)The reason for this is obvious( 4)The reason for this is not far to seek( 3
5)The reason for this is that((( 6)We have good reason to believe that(((/because of/owing to/
due to/ as result of/ on account of/the reasons for this are not far to seek; the reasons for this are as follows/reasons indicating(representing, contributing to) x can be listed(summed up) below
(10)(表示好处do good to/benefit us quite a lot/ it is of great benefit to us ;do harm to/a outweighs b/It has the following advantages/It does us a lot of good/It benefits us quite a lot/It is beneficial to us/It is of great benefit to us(X casts light„
(11)(表示坏处
It has more disadvantages than advantages/It does us much harm/It is harmful to us(X casts ..
(12)(表示措施
We should take some effective measures/We should try our best to overcome(conquer)the diff
iculties(We should do our utmost in doing sth( We should solve the problems that we are confronted
(faced)with(
(13)(表示事实、现状
We cannot ignore the fact that((2)No one can deny the fact that((( 1)
3)There is no denying the fact that((( / It goes without saying that 4)This is a phenomeno
n that many people are interested in(5)However，that’s not the case( It goes without saying that 6)
There has been a growing concern on x over the past few years
(14)(表示比较
1)Compared with A，B((( 6) superior to/inferior to
2)I prefer to read rather than watch TV( 7) As x is, so is y
3)There is a striking contrast between them( 8) Just as„., so we„.
4) a is to b is what x is to y..5) the more..,the more..
(15)(表示数量: (见图表作文)1)It has increased(decreased)from(((to(((
2)The population in this city has now increased (decreased)to 800，000(
3)The output of July in this factory increased by 15, compared with that of January
(16)(表示看法
1)People have(take，adopt，assume)different attitudes towards sth( 2)People have different opi
nions on this problem( 3)People take different views of(on)the question(
4)Some people believe that(((Others argue that(((individuals (take,adopt,assume) attitude towards/
hold consensus on the idea that/take it for granted that/some one hold/ others argue/challenge/I believe/ argue/ insist/ maintain/ deem/ As I see it,/ In my opinion,/ From my point of view,/ As to me,/ As for me,/ As regards me,/ When it comes to me,/As far as I am concerned/I harbor/ take it for granted that例如: I hold the idea that x cast shadow on y
(17)(套语
1)It’s well known to us that ((( 2)As is known to us，(((3)This is a topic that is being wid
ely talked about( 4)From the graph(table，chart)listed above，it can be seen that ((( 5)As a pr
overb says，―Where there is a will，there is a way(
(18) 否定
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Not uncommon, not unusual in no way, in no case„.
(22) 假设
Supposing you did it, it is likely that
7. 闪光句
1)As a proverb says, ―Where there is a will, there is a way‖ 2) No garden has no weeds/ every bean has its black/sth is a two-edged sword3) failure teaches success4) A life without a friend is a life
without sun5)better early than late6) an early bird can catch the worm7)Rome is not built in a day8)it is
never too late to learn9)every little makes a nickel(集少成多)10)Actions speak louder than words11)idle you, needy old12) every man is the master of his own fortune grasp all., lose all(贪多必失)13) Geniu
s is one percent inspiration and 99 percent perspiration14) practice makes perfect15) well begun is half
done16) better late than never亡羊补牢，17) love will find a way(情之所致，金石为开)18) A friend in need is a friend indeed/ fair-weather friend19)all that glitters is not gold20)always in a hurry, always
behind(欲速不达)21always look on the bight side 总要看到好的一面22) as you brew/sow, so shall you drink/reap(种瓜得瓜)23)diamond cuts diamond24) east, west, home’s best24)even Homer sometimes nods(智者千虑)25 money can make mare go26 a journey of a thousand miles begins with one step27 laug
h and grow fat28) life is short and time is swift(人生苦短，时日如梭)29) life is no bed of roses30)like attracts like(物以类聚)31)like cures like(以毒攻毒)31)little leaks sink the ship(千里之堤毁于蚁
穴)32)look before you leap32)a rose is a rose is a rose is a rose(实事求是33)you cannot have it both ways(鱼于熊掌)34)you cannot make bricks without straw巧妇难为无米之炊35) you win some,you lose some36) you never accumulate if you do not speculate(不入虎穴焉得虎子)37)you have to learn to crawl before you can walk循序渐进38nothing is new for a sophisticated person39. a candle cannot be bur
nt at both ends40 changing up in the world, don’t be swollen-headed; changing down in the world, don’
t be dejected. 41.no song is unsung,no wine is untasted
1. Never say die.永不言败。
2.No cross, no crown.不经历风雨，怎么见彩虹。
3.New wine in old bottles.旧瓶装新酒。
4.Never too old to learn, never too late to turn.亡羊补牢，为时未晚。
7.No man can do two things at once.一心不可二用。
8.No man is born wise or learned.没有生而知之者。
9.No man is content.人心不足蛇吞象。
10.No man is wise at all times.聪明一世，糊涂一时。
15.No pains, no gains.没有付出就没有收获。
19.No smoke without fire.无风不起浪。
20.Nothing brave, nothing have.不入虎穴，焉得虎子。
22.Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.世上无难事，只怕有心人。
23.Nothing is difficult to the man who will try.世上无难事，只要肯登攀。24.Nothing seek, nothing find.没有追求就没有收获。
25.Nothing is so necessary for travelers as languages.外出旅行，语言最要紧。
27.Not to advance is to go back.不进则退。
28.Not to know what happened before one was born is always to be a child.不懂世故，幼稚可笑。
29.No way is impossible to courage.勇者无惧。
31.Observation is the best teacher.观察是最好的老师。
33.Old friends and old wines are best.陈酒味醇，老友情深。
34.Old sin makes new shame.一失足成千古恨。
37.Once bitten, twice shy.一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。
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38.One boy is a boy, two boys half a boy, three boys no boy.一个和尚挑水喝，两个和尚抬水喝，
三个和尚没水喝。
39.One cannot put back the clock.时钟不能倒转。 40.One eyewitness is better than ten hearsays.百闻不如一见。 41.One false move may lose the game.一着不慎，满盘皆输。 42.One good turn deserves another.行善积德。
43.One hour today is worth two tomorrow.争分夺秒效率高。 44.One man's fault is other man's lesson.前车之鉴。 45.One never loses anything by politeness.讲礼貌不吃亏。 46.One swallow does not make a summer.一燕不成夏。这成语来说只解决了一个问题，或者只渡过
了一个难关，并不表示以后就一帆风顺了
47.One's words reflect one's thinking.言为心声。
48.Out of debt, out of danger.无债一身轻。
49.Out of office, out of danger.无官一身轻。 50.Out of sight, out of mind.眼不见，心为静。
51.Patience is the best remedy.忍耐是良药。
52.Penny wise, pound foolish.贪小便宜吃大亏。
54.Please the eye and plague the heart.贪图一时快活，必然留下隐祸。 55.Pleasure comes through toil.苦尽甘来。
56.Pour water into a sieve.竹篮子打水一场空。
57.Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。
58.Praise is not pudding.恭维话不能当饭吃。
60.Prefer loss to unjust gain.宁可吃亏，不贪便宜。 61.Prevention is better than cure.预防胜于治疗。
62.Pride goes before, and shame comes after.骄傲使人落后。 63.Promise is debt.一诺千金。
65.Pull the chestnut out of fire.火中取栗。
66.Put the cart before the horse.本末倒置。
67.Put your shoulder to the wheel.鼎力相助。
68.Reading enriches the mind.开卷有益。
69.Reading is to the mind while exercise to the body.读书健脑，运动强身。
70.Respect yourself, or no one else will respect you.要人尊敬，必须自重。
71.Rome is not built in a day.冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。 72.Saying is one thing and doing another.言行不一。 73.Seeing is believing.眼见为实。
74.Seek the truth from facts.实事求是。
82.Still water run deep.静水常深。83.Strike the iron while it is hot.趁热打铁。
84.Success belongs to the persevering.坚持就是胜利。 85.Take things as they come.既来之，则安之。
86.Talking mends no holes.空谈无补。
87.Talk of the devil and he will appear.说曹操，曹操就到。 88.Hasty love, soon cold.一见钟情难维久。
89.Health is better than wealth.健康胜过财富。
90.Health is happiness.健康就是幸福。
91.Hear all parties.兼听则明。
92 cast prosperity of
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93 has its strength
(一)段首句
1. 关于„„人们有不同的观点。一些人认为„„
There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some people suggest that ____.
2. 俗话说(常言道)„„，它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用。
There is an old saying______. Its the experience of our forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even today.
3. 现在，„„，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，„„;其次，„„。更为糟糕的是„„。
Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, ____ Second,____. What m
akes things worse is that______.
4. 现在，„„很普遍，许多人喜欢„„，因为„„，另外(而且)„„。
Nowadays，it is common to ______. Many people like ______ because ______. Besides，______.
5. 任何事物都是有两面性，„„也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。
Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception，it has both advantages and disadvantages.
6. 关于„„人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为(说)„„，在他们看来，„„
People’s opinions about ______ vary from person to person. Some people say that ______.To them,
_____.
7. 人类正面临着一个严重的问题„„，这个问题变得越来越严重。
Man is now facing a big problem ______ which is becoming more and more serious.
8. „„已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈的辩论。
______ has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way.
9. „„在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用，它给我们带来了许多好处，但同时也引发一些严
重的问题。
______ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.it has brought us a lo
t of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.
10. 根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形图可以看出„„。很显然„„，但是
为什么呢,
According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph，it can be seen
that______ while. Obviously，______，but why?
(二)中间段落句
1. 相反，有一些人赞成„„，他们相信„„，而且，他们认为„„。 On the contrary，there are so
me people in favor of ___.At the same time，they say____.
2. 但是，我认为这不是解决„„的好方法，比如„„。最糟糕的是„„。
But I dont think it is a very good way to solve ____.For example，____.Worst ofall，___.
3. „„对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的，(也是)非常重要的。
首先，„„。而且„„，最重要的是„„
______is necessary and important to our countrys development and construction.First，______.Whats
more, _____.Most important of all,______.
4. 有几个可供我们采纳的方法。首先，我们可以„„。
There are several measures for us to adopt. First, we can______
5. 面临„„，我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来„„。一方面„„，另一方面，
Confronted with______，we should take a series of effective measures to______. For one thing，___
___For another，______
6. 早就应该拿出行动了。比如说„„，另外„„。所有这些方法肯定会„„。
It is high time that something was done about it. For example. _____.In addition._____.All these m
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easures
will certainly______.
7. 为什么„„,第一个原因是„„;第二个原因是„„;第三个原因是„„。总的来说，„„的主要
原因是由于„„
Why______? The first reason is that ______.The second reason is ______.The third is______.For all
this, the
main cause of ______due to ______.
8. 然而，正如任何事物都有好坏两个方面一样，„„也有它的不利的一面，象„„。
However, just like everything has both its good and bad sides, ______also has its owndisadvantages,
such as
______.
9. 尽管如此，我相信„„更有利。
Nonetheless, I believe that ______is more advantageous.
10. 完全同意„„这种观点(陈述)，主要理由如下:
I fully agree with the statement that ______ because______.
9. 四级作文常用句型模板1.Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our atten-tion, one of which is that....
随着社会的不断发展，出现了越来越多的问题，其中之一便是____________。
2. As to whether it is a blessing or a curse, however, people take different attitudes.
然而，对于此类问题，人们持不同的看法。(Hold different attitudes 持不同态度 Come up with dif
ferent attitudes 有不同的看法)
3.As society develops, people are attaching much importance to....
随着社会的发展，人们开始关注......
4.People are attaching more and more importance to the interview during job hunting
求职的过程中，人们慢慢意识到面试的重要性。
5.As to whether it is worthwhile ..., there is a long-running controversial debate. It is quitenatural that peopl
e from different backgrounds may have divergent attitudes towards it.
关于是否值得___________的问题，一直以来争论不休。当然，不同的人对此可能持不同的观点。
6. In the process of modern urban development, we often find ourselves in a dilemma.
在都市的发展中，我们往往会陷入困境。
7. Recently the phenomenon has aroused wide concern, some people are in alarm that....
最近，这种现象引起了人们的广泛关注，有人开始担心______________。
8.The human race has entered a completely new stage in its history, with the increasingly rapid economic
globalization and urbanization, more problems are brought to our attention.
人类进入了一个历史的崭新的阶段，经济全球化、都市化的速度不断加快，随之给我们带来了很多问
题。
9 ... plays such an important role that it undeniably becomes the biggest concern of the present world, ther
e comes a question, “is it a blessing or a curse?”
_______显得非常重要而成为当今世界所关注的最大的问题，这是无可厚非的。不过，问题是:“我
们该如何抉择,”
10.Now we are entering a new era, full of opportunities and challenges,
现在我们正在进入一个充满机会和挑战的新时代。
11.问题的常用词:question, problem, issue, phenomenon，后接介词, on, over等。
Recently, the issue of ...... has been brought into public focus.
近来，_______的问题引起了社会的广泛关注。 Now we are entering a brand new era full of opportunities and innovations, and great changes have taken place in people's attitude towards some traditional practice.
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现在我们进入了一个充满机遇和创新的崭新时代，很多人对某些传统的看法也发生了很大改变。
Recently the issue of whether or not ... has been in the limelight and has aroused wide concern in the public.
近来，是否_______的问题已经非常明确而且引起了社会的广泛关注。
The issue whether it is good or not to .... has aroused a heated discussion all over thecountry.
______的利与弊已在全国范围内引起热烈的讨论。
12. At present, some people think ....while others claim ...Both sides have their merits.
目前，一些人认为_______而另一些人则认为_______。其实，两种观点都其可取之处。
13. People rarely reach an absolute consensus on such a controversial issue.
对于这种极具争议的话题，我们很难作出绝对的回答。
14. People from different backgrounds would put different interpretations on the same case. 不同行业的人对同一种问题的解释不尽相同。
15.The controversial issue is often brought into public focus. People from different back- grounds hold diffe
rent attitudes towards the issue.
这中极具争议性的话题往往很受社会的关注。不同的人对此问题的看法也不尽相同。
16.When asked ..., some people think..... while some prefer...
说到______，有人认为________，而另一些人则认为__________。
17.Just as the saying goes: "so many people, so many minds". It is quite understandable that views on this i
ssue vary from person to person.
俗话说:“仁智见人，智者见智”。不同的人对此有不同的看法是可以理解的。
18.To this issue, different people come up with various attitudes.
对于这个问题，不同的人持不同的观点。
19.There is a good side and a bad side to everything, it goes without saying that...
万事万物都有其两面性，所以，勿庸置疑，____________。
20. When it comes to ..., most people believe that ..., but other people regard ...as ....
提到_________问题，很多人认为_________，不过，一些人则认为______是____.
21. When faced with...., quite a few people claim that ...., but other people think as...
提到_________问题，仅少数人认为________，但另一些人则认为_________。 22.There is a pu
blic controversy nowadays over the issue of .. There who criticize ..argue that .., they believe that ...,but people wh
o favor .., on the other hand, argue that...
目前，_______问题争议较大。批判_______的人认为_______，他们认为_______，不过，另一方
面，赞同_______的人则认为_________。
23. Some people are of the opinion that..
有些人认为_____________。
24. Many people claim that...
很多人认为_____________。
25. A majority of 绝大多数
A large number of 很多人
26.Some people contend that ... has proved to bring many advantages (disadvantages)
有些人认为________有很多有利之处 (不利之处)。
27. Those who argue for ... say that ...economic development of the cities.
觉得_____的人认为，______ 城市的经济发展。
28. Some people advocate that ....
有些人在坚持认为_________。
29. They hold that ... 他们认为_________。
People, who advocate that ..., have their sound reasons (grounds)
坚持认为______的人也有其说法 (依据)。
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30. Those who have already benefited from practicing it sing high praise of it.
那些从中受益的人对此大家褒奖。
31. Those who strongly approve of ... have cogent reasons for it.
强烈认同_______的人有很多原因。
Many people would claim that... 有人会认为___________。
People who support ... give some or all of the following reasons.
那些支持_________观点的人列出了如下原因:________。
iew that ...但是，另外一些人则认为_______。 But others hold the v
32.观点的用词:Attitude, opinion，与其搭配的动词以及词组:Take，have，come up with，set forth，p
ut forward等。
But on the other hand, there are also quite a few people who strongly advocate that..,. 不过，另一方面，也有少部分人坚持认为_______________。
But people who are ..., on the other hand , maintain that...
不过，另一方面，________的人认为__________。
33.However, there are a large number of people who hold a different view concerning this case.
然而，很多人对此有不同的看法。
34.表明观点
However, some others argue that... 然而，另一些人则认为_________。
However, there are also some others who contend that...
然而，也有人认为__________。
But other people set forth completely totally different argument concerning this case.
不过，对于此，另一些人则持完全不同的观点。
Some people examine this issue from another angle.
有的人用另一角度来看这一问题。
On the other hand, there are also many opponents who strongly ...
另一方面，也有很多反对的人，他们认为_____________。
According to my personality and fondness, I would prefer ... rather than...
根据我的个性以及兴趣，我选择_______而不会选择__________。
Personally, I side with the latter (former) opinion...
就我个人而言，我支持后者 (前者)___________。
Personally, I am in favor of the former point of view.
就我个人而言，我较同意前一种看法。
35.To my point of view 我认为
To my mind, the advantages far overweigh the drawbacks(disadvantages, shortcomings)
我认为，优点胜过缺点。
For my part, I stand on side of the latter opinion that..
就我而言，我较赞同后一种观点________________。
As far as I am concerned, I am inclined to be on the side of the latter view.
在我看来，我较同意后一种观点。
After a thorough consideration, for my part, I am in favor of the latter view that...
经过深思熟虑，我较支持后一种看法，亦即________________________。
36. If asked to make a decision, I would prefer...
如果真的需要作出选择，我宁愿____________。
Taking into consideration both sides of the issue, I tend to favor the latter view..
比较两种观点进行比较，我较同意后一种观点，亦即_________________。
When considering opinions of both sides, I am inclined to ...
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对两种观点进行综合考虑之后，我较认同_________________。
If it is up to me to make a choice between ... and ... I would rather choose ... over...
如果要我在____和____之间进行选择，我宁愿选择_____而不会选择______。
I would have to say that, if I were faced with the decision, I would follow ....
我需要说的是，如果要我抉择，我会____________。
At the risk of sounding too direct , I prefer to...
虽然可能过于直接，不过，我还是选择____________。
37.表达不确定的用词:May, seem, be likely to, possible, probably, perhaps, be said that, be said to...
38.列举原因:
(1) In my mind，the following factors/reasons/causes need to be taken into consideration.
我认为，我们需要考虑下列因素/原因:
There are several reasons for this phenomenon/why...(as follows).
造成这种现象的原因如下:
And I would like to present two explanations for this:
对于此，我有如下两点愚见:
The reasons are chiefly as follows. 主要原因如下
(2).There are numerous reasons why ____, and I would like to explore a few of the mostimportant ones here.
为什么___________，原因很多，在此列举几个较为重要的原因。
The reasons are presented below. 原因如下。
This is based on the propensity(倾向，原因) of following points.
这基于以下的原因。
There are three premier/best/ most important, largest, significant, obvious, crucial causes as follows.
以下这些是造成这一问题的最主要/最好/最重要/最大/最有意义/明显/至关重要的原因
The main reason is that.. 主要原因是_____________。
One very important argument for ..... is that....
_______的非常重要的原因便是____________________。
The reasons are quite clear. Above all, ....
原因非常清楚。首先(首要的是)__________。
The first reason can be seen by every person.
第一个原因其实很明显。
The first and most important reason is that.....
第一个而且最重要的原因是______________。
One of the reasons that are given for....is that....
______________的原因之一是__________________。
Perhaps this is because of the simple fact that.....
也许，原因很简单，亦即_____________________。
One of the premier causes is that(注意用词)
最重要的原因之一便是______________。
(3).At the risk of sounding too simplistic, it seems to me that the main propositions can be summarized in o
ne saying.
这个原因可能较简单，不过，我认为可以用一句谚语来概括，________。
We may look into every possible reason, however, foremost reason for .... Is ....
其实有很多原因，不过，造成________的最重要的原因是______________。
It might also be noted that....
需要注意的是，____________。
Another reason why .....(凑字数，但不可滥用) is that....(有利于写长句)
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What is also worth noticing is that....
值得一提的是___________________。
There is another factor that deserves some words here.
还有另外一个很重要的原因。
A more essential factor why.... Is that
________ 的更为重要的原因是____________。
A further reason why,,,, is that.....
________的更深层次的原因是____________。
2.In addition..此外，再者
Moving on to wider themes,_______
展开来说，_________________________。
The second thing that must be taken into consideration is that...
第二个原因也很重要(值得考虑)，亦即__________。
Likewise(同样), common sense tells us that...
同样，___________，这是众所周知的。
The third but very important reason is that...
第三个(尽管不是很重要)原因是______________。
The third, not the last is that,
第三个原因是___________。
The last factor to be taken seriously is...
第三个重要原因是_______________。
Finally, moreover, last but not least, furthermore.
3.As the proverb goes: "every coin has its two sides", ....is no exception.
俗语有云:“万事万物都有两面性。” ________也不例外。
Every thing has a good side and a bad side, and ....is no exception.
万事万物有其两面性，而________也是如此。
The discussion as to whether the ... is a blessing or a curse arouses most people's interests.
__________是好坏利弊问题引起了很多人的兴趣。
..plays such an important role that it undeniably becomes the biggest concern of the present world.
______ 尤为重要而引起当今社会的关注。
There comes a question: is it a blessing or a curse.
问题是:____是福是祸?
There is no denying that every thing has one more face and ... is no exception.
不可否认，每一件事物都有其两面性，其实，______也不例外。
39.表示对比 (1)Every thing in the world has its own two sides. Without exception, A has both advantag
es and disadvantages.
任何事情都有两面性，A也不例外，有其优势和劣势(利与弊)。
The merits of this is obvious...
其好处显而易见。
As we know, ... bring many benefits and convenience to people.
众所周知，_______ 为我们的生活带来很多好处。
There are no less than three advantages in .. as rendered below.
如下所示，_______ 至少有三种好处。
(2)Despite the advantages ... has, some people claim, we shall not lose sight of its adverse effects on...
尽管_____有些益处(优势)，有些人则认为，我们不能忽略了其对______的负面影响。
However, like anything else,... has more than one face.
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然而，象其他任何事物一样，______ 还有其它的方面。
(3)However, with the advance of the human civilization, there is an increasing number of people who h
ave raised doubts about whether...
然而，随着人类文明的进步，越来越多的人开始置疑是否__________。
(4)Some people deem it is a dangerous signal and call for public awareness of the negative effects it ha
s brought about.
有些人认为这是一种危险的信号，因此需关注其给社会带来的负面影响。
Of course, nothing in the world is perfect, so is...
当然，时间没有完美的事物，所以，________。
Despite its merits, it also brings some problems to solve.
尽管其也有很多优点，不过，也给我们带来一些问题。
But its bright side should not keep us from examining its dark side.
但是，我们不能因为这些优点而忽略了其缺点。
From the reasons presented above, I think the pros outweigh the cons.
从以上原因可以看出，其优势胜过劣势(优点多于缺点)。
As far as I am concerned, its disadvantages outweigh its disadvantages.
我认为，其优势胜于劣势。
总的说来:(5)In general, all in all, on the whole, in brief, in summary, in conclusion, in short,in a word/
to sum up/to conclude/to summarize,...
But all in all, I would say the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. With the advance of society, if w
e encourage the merits and eliminate the drawbacks, all people will enjoy a bet-ter life.
但是，总的说来，我认为其优势大于劣势。随着社会的发展，如果我们能对此善加利用，所有的
人都能生活得更好。
From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that...
通过以上的讨论，我们可以得出如下结论，___________。
So, as I see it..
因此，我个人认为，_________。 (6)What we must do is to encourage the strength and diminish the weaknesses to the least extent.
我们必须尽可能发挥其优势，趋吉避凶。 (7)In conclusion, although ... has its negative effects, it can to a great extent bring us moreadvantages.
总的说来，虽然_______ 有其负面的影响，在很大程度上，其也将给我们带来很多好处。 (8)F
rom what has been discussed above, we can see ... does more harm than good to us. Therefore, I strongly appro
ve of the motion that...
从以上论述可知，_____ 对我们百害而无一利。
40.“比如”的表达方式:
For example,
For instance,
It can be given a concrete example,
Take ... for an example, it is a very obvious case
There is one impressive example I want to mention here.
Let's see an example.
It is best illustrated if given the following example.
Let me provide an example.
Perhaps the most important example of ...is that...
As I remember/ I now still remember that.
I will never forget that
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To illustrate this, there is an example that is very persuasive.
An instance that accompanies this reason is that...
An example can give the details of this argument, ...
It is a forceful example to demonstrate the importance of ...
History presented many examples of...
In order to see this point clearly, let us see an example. 41. On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.
我们绝对不能忽视知识的价值。
42. It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.
该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。
43. Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished.
违反交通规则的人应该受到处罚。
44. There is no one but longs to go to college.
人们都希望上大学。
45. Since the examination is around the corner, I am compelled to give up doing sports.
既然考试迫在眉睫，我不得不放弃作运动。
46. It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.
可想而知，知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。
47. Summer is sultry. That’s the reason why I don’t like it.
夏天很闷热，这就是我不喜欢它的原因。
48. The progress of the society is based on harmony.
社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。
49. We should bring home to people the value of working hard.
我们应该让人们知道努力的价值
50. Taking exercise is closely related to health.
作运动与健康息息相关。
51. We should get into the habit of keeping good hours.
我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。
52. The condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired.
我们的交通状况令人不满意。
53. Smoking has a great influence on our health.
抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。
54. Reading does good to our mind.
读书对心灵有益。
55. Overwork does harm to health.
工作过度对健康有害。
56. Pollution poses a great threat to our existence.
污染对我们的生存造成巨大威胁。
57. We should do our best to achieve our goal in life.
我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标。
58. Weather a large family is a good thing or not is a very popular topic, which is often talke
d about not only by city residents but by farmers as well.
家庭人口多好还是家庭人口少好是一个非常通俗的主题，不仅是城里人，而且农民都经常讨论这
个问题。
59. As is known to all, fake and inferior commodities harm the interests of consumers.
众所周知，假冒伪劣商品损害了消费者的利益。
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60. Today an increasing number of people have realized that law education is of great importance. In order to keep law and order, every one of us is supposed to get a law education.
现在，愈来愈多的人认识到法制教育的重要性。为了维护社会治安 ，我们每人都应该接受法制
教育。
61. From what I have mentioned above, we can see clearly that violence on TV has great influence on youngsters’ behavior.
从上面我所提到的，我们可以清楚地看到，电视暴力对青少年的影响是极其深远的。
62. There are two reasons for the improvement in people’s living conditions. In the first place,
we have been carrying out the reform and opening-up policy. Secondly, there has been a rapid expansion
of our national economy. Furthermore, the birth rate has been put under control.
人民生活状况的改善原因有两点。首先，我们一直在贯彻执行改革开放政策。其次，国民经济正
在迅速发展，而且出生率已经得到控制。
63. My suggestions to deal with the problem are as follows. To begin with, it is urgent to create
nature reserves. Secondly, certain rare wild animals that are going to be extinct should be collected, fed
and reproduced artificially. Finally, those who hunter them must be punished severely.
我对解决这个问题的建议如下:首先，迫在眉睫的是建立自然保护区。其次，有些濒临灭绝的珍
稀野生动物应该收捕、人工喂养并繁殖。最后，对于捕猎珍稀野生动物的人必须严惩。
64. People differ in their attitudes towards failure. Faced with it, some of them can stand up to
it, draw useful lessons from it and try hard to fulfill what they are determined to do. Others, however,
lose heart and give in.
人们对失败持有不同的态度。面对失败，有人能够经得起考验，从失败中汲取教训，并努力去完
成他们下定决心要做的事情。然而，另一些人却丧失信心并退却了。
65. It is desirable to build more hospitals, shopping centers, recreation centers, cinemas and other public facilities to meet the growing needs of people.
人们希望建立更多的医院、购物中心、娱乐中心、电影院和其他公用设施来满足人们日益增长的
需求。
66(No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet.
没有一项发明象互联网同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评.
67(People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation.
人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实.
68(Nowadays ,many students always go into raptures at the mere mention of the coming life of high school or college they will begin. Unfortunately ,for most young people ,it is not pleasant experience on their first day on campus.
当前,一提到即将开始的学校生活,许多学生都会兴高采烈.然而,对多数年轻人来说,校园刚开始的
日子并不是什么愉快的经历.
69(In view of the seriousness of this problem ,effective measures should be taken before things get worse.
考虑到问题的严重性,在事态进一步恶化之前,必须采取有效的措施.
70(Proper measures must be taken to limit the number of foreign tourists and the great efforts should be made to protect local environment and history from the harmful effects of international tourism.
应该采取适当的措施限制外国旅游者的数量,努力保护当地环境和历史不受国际旅游业的不利影
响.
71An increasing number of experts believe that migrants will exert positive effects on construction of city .However ,this opinion is now being questioned by more and more city residents ,who compl
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ain that the migrants have brought many serious problems like crime and prostitution.
越来越多的专家相信移民对城市的建设起到积极作用.然而,越来越多的城市居民却怀疑这种说法,
他们抱怨民工给城市带来了许多严重的问题,象犯罪和卖淫.
73There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem :the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.
无可否认，空气污染是一个极其严重的问题:城市当局应该采取有力措施来解决它。
74An investigation shows that female workers tend to have a favorable attitude toward retirement.
一项调查显示妇女欢迎退休.
75A proper part-time job does not occupy student's too much time .In fact ,it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study .As an old saying goes :All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy
一份适当的业余工作并不会占用学生太多的时间,事实上,把全部的时间都用到学习上并不健康,正
如那句老话:只工作,不玩耍,聪明的孩子会变傻.
76Any government which is blind to this point may pay a heavy price.
任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价.
77An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.
越来越多的人开始意识到教育不能随着毕业而结束.
78When it comes to education ,the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.
说到教育,大部分人认为其是一个终生的学习.
79The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities
to develop their interpersonal skills ,which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.
大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力,而这对他们未来找工作是非常
有好处的.
80It is indisputable that there are millions of people who still have a miserable life and have to fact the dangers of starvation and exposure.
无可争辩,现在有成千上万的人仍过着挨饿受冬的痛苦生活.
81Although this view is widely held ,this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.
尽管这一观点被广泛接受,很少有证据表明教育能够在任何地点任何年龄进行.
82、Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V
例句:Nothing is more important than to receive education.
没有比接受教育更重要的事。
83、~~~ cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much.(再怎么强调...的重要性也不为过。)
例句:We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.
我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。
84、It is universally acknowledged [?k'nɑl?d?d](公认的) that + 句子~~ (全世界都知道...)例句:I
t is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.
全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。
85、There is no doubt that + 句子~~ (毫无疑问的...)
例句:There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.
毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满足。
86、An advantage of ~~~ is that + 句子 (...的优点是...)
例句:An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won’t create (produce) any pollution.
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使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。
我们必须种树的原因是它们能供给我们新鲜的空气。
88、So + 形容词 + be + 主词 + that + 句子 (如此...以致于...) 例句:So precious is time that we can’t afford to waste it. 时间是如此珍贵，我们经不起浪费它。
89、Adj + as + Subject(主词)+ be, S + V~~~ (虽然...) 例句:Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory. {by no mean
s = in no way = on no account 一点也不}
虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满足。 90、The + ~er + S + V,
~~~the + ~er + S + V ~~~
The + more + Adj + S + V,
~~~the + more + Adj + S + V~~~(愈...愈...)
例句:The harder you work, the more progress you make. 你愈努力，你愈进步。
The more books we read, the more learned we become. 我们书读愈多，我们愈有学问。
91、By +Ving, ~~ can ~~ (借着...，..能够..)
例句:By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy. 借着做运动，我们能够始终保持健康。
、~~~ enable + Object(受词)+ to + V (..使..能够..) 92
例句:Listening to music enable us to feel relaxed. 听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。
93、On no account can we + V ~~~ (我们绝对不能...) 例句:On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge. 我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。
94、It is time + S + 过去式 (该是...的时候了) 例句:It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic probl
ems. 该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。 95、Those who ~~~ (...的人...)
例句:Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished. 违反交通规定的人应该受处罚。
96、There is no one but ~~~ (没有人不...)
例句:There is no one but longs to go to college. 没有人不渴望上大学。
97、It is conceivable that + 句子 (可想而知的) It is obvious that + 句子 (明显的)
It is apparent that + 句子 (显然的)
例句:It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.
可想而知，知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。 98、It pays to + V ~~~ (...是值得的。)
例句:It pays to help others.
帮助别人是值得的。
99 With more emphasis put on ―building a harmonious society‖, people begin to realize the importa
nce of solving the problem of inequality (solving the problem of unemployment/ enabling some people t
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o get rich and helping the disadvantaged…)
100Since ―sustainable development‖ is our main goal, we should pay more attention to striking a balance between economic development and environmental protection (producing more goods and saving natural resources…)
101 As the central task of our country is to ―build a well-off society in an all-round way‖, more e
fforts are being made to improve the living standards of the people…(people need more comfortable housing and more convenient transportation…)
102 With the rapid growth of our economy (transportation system/ market economy/ private enterprises/ housing industry…), an increasing number of problems have arisen, such as…
103 Currently, there is a widespread concern over high unemployment rate (desertification/ widespread corruption/ energy crisis/ traffic jams/ water shortage/ increasing traffic accidents…).
104 Nowadays, a heated debate about private cars (China’s football/ brain drain…) is under way in
China.
105 As the public awareness of market economy (population control/ human rights/ competition/ laws and regulations…) heightens, …
106 Unless we put more emphasis on environmental protection (interpersonal relationship/ equality/ how to deal with stress…), the problem will be a hindrance to our building a ―harmonious society‖.
107 Different people hold different views on accession to WTO (studying abroad/ private cars/ Internet surfing…). Some are in favor of…, while others are against…
108.The case in point only reveals the tip of an ugly iceberg of serious environmental pollution (widespread waste/ organized crime…)
109 When it comes to the problem (the issue/ the case…) of eating wild animals (net chatting/ morning exercise…)
110 As far as family planning (adult education/ recycling…) is concerned, there is much room for improvement.
111 All these statistics (pictures…) reveal a painful(joyable) fact that corruption is spreading rapid
ly in our country (more and more fish have been killed…)
112 Without computers (cell phones/ private cars/ the Internet…), it would be difficult to imagine modern life.
113 It is imperative for us to take effective (drastic/ immediate/ prompt…) measures to spare on eff
ort to correct the situation (eliminate environmental pollution/ fight against corruption/ ban drug abuse…)
114,The participating Slogan should be an embodiment of the concept of ―Green Olympics, Hi-Tech
Olympics and People’s Olympics‖ with ―People’s Olympics‖ as its highlight and should reflect the unique cultural background and humanism of China and Beijing. (One World, One Dream)
115 Let us work hand in hand to solve this problem (hold back a tidal wave of crimes/ fight against corruption…)
116 We should do our best in eliminating industrial pollution (fake commodities/ poverty in China…)
117 There exists no consensus of perspectives among individuals as to how to view A(whichever is
superior, A or B?)
118 whether a is .. has aroused controversy over the past few years/Should A is banned or advocated? Solutions to this question varies from one person to another?
119 Individuals’ views on A vary ..
120 When asked about theme, different individuals offer different perspectives. A is no exception
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121欲擒故纵法 如:my view on negative effects on ads it goes without saying ads has brought o
ur life color, convenience, comfort…, but it is worthwhile pointing out it has unfortunately offered us ne
gative effects
st122. typical of modern society, the dawn of 21 century witnessed the achievements/ popularity in
123 when placed together to undergo all- sided comparison, the two can display distinction/ resembl
ance/ similarity
124As far as I am concerned, attitude should be taken that we should weigh up pros and cons, that
is , retain the good, remove the bad. Only in this way can we ……
125 due attention should be paid to enhance awareness of people that….
126 both sides leaves to be desired/ both sides of argument contain partial truth/ pros and cons co
exist in different styles/ treat without bias
串一下作文
图表图画题型 (Graphs/Tables and Cartoons/Pictures)
表格和图表题型是大学英语写作中较为常见的题型之一，也是难度较大的一种写作题型，故大家应对此类题型加强练习，熟练掌握。
表格和图表题型写作注意事项:
仔细研究题目以及提示信息，看准、看清图表中的数字、线条、阴影等部分向，然后根据图表所显示的中心信息确定内容层次以及主题句。
仔细观察分析图表所给出的大量信息，从中选取最重要，最有代表性，最核心的信息，然后根据全文的主旨取的关键信息,切忌简单地罗列图表所给出的信息。
表格和图表题型写作一般采用一般现在时，但如果图表给出了具体时间参照，则应对时态进行相应的调整。
表格和图表题型要求考生使用一些固定句型和表达法，大家应对此融会贯通。
表格和图表题型可以细分为表格，曲线图、柱形图和圆形图。除了上述共同要点，还应弄懂这四种图在写作方面的各自特点。
表格形式要求考生对表格中所给出的大量数字进行比较分析，从中找出其变化规律。
曲线图形式要求考生认真观察坐标系所显示的数据信息，并且密切注意交汇在坐标横轴和纵轴上的数字及单位。
柱形图形式要求考生通过宽度相等的柱形的高度或长度差别来判断事物的动态发展趋势，故考生应密切关注坐标线上的刻度单位及图表旁边的提示说明与文字。
圆形图形式旨在要求考生准确理解并阐述一个被分割成大小不等切片的圆形图所传达的信息。考生应清楚掌握部分与整体，部分与部分之间的相互关系，这种关系通常是形式给出的。
列出各段的主题句。考生可以根据所给提纲或已知信息列出每段的主题句，为全文的展开铺平道路。严格围绕主题句展开段落。
检查与修改。表格与图表写作的检查与修改应着重检查文章中所列举的信息是否与图表所显示的信息一致。
表格和图表题型写作中常用的核心句型归纳如下:
1. According to the figures given in the table,…
2. This chart shows that...
3. As is shown by the graph,...
4. It can be seen from the statistics (chart \diagram \table graph\
figures)that...
5. It is generally believed(accepted\ thought\ held) that …
6. There is slight (slow\ steady\ rapid)increase (decrease\ decline
\reduction\fall\drop\rise) in
demand(income.\population\prices\production).
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7. be on the increase (decrease\ rise \decline)(...在不断地增加，减少，上升，下降)
8. From the table (figures\data\results\information),it can be seen
(concluded\shown\estimated\calculated\inferred) that…
9. During the period 1900-2000 (From 1900-2000\Since 1900\For a
decade, from 1905-2005 )
其它常用表达Other Useful Expressions and Structures:
介绍图表
As is shown/described/illustrated/indicated/revealed in the
cartoon/picture/graph/chart/table, ...
As can be clearly seen from the cartoon…
What a vivid picture it is! It tells us that…
According to the table..., As can be seen from the table..., It can
be seen from the table...
It is self-evident that…, It goes without saying that…, There is no
denying the fact that…
统计数据的表达方法
spiral upward / the demand for talents (fair ) spiraled upward / climbed/ascend drastically / soar/skyrocket/summit at / surge / experience an explosive growth / mushroom/ an acceleration / swell / manage a modest ( marginal ) gain / on the rise / on the ascendance /descend/plummet/ wane / shrink / slump / fall off / drop off / take a dip / take a nose dive / trend (tide ) sth. continued its upward / downward trend. / reach the plateau / the bottleneck / sth. level off at / sth. remains steady/ stable / unchanged / constant / stay the same / There was a slight drop( fall ) between 2000 / and 2005 / hugely / sharply / dramatically / drastically / substantially / steeply / incredibly / massively surprisingly / alarmingly / distressingly / slightly / steadily / gradually / marginally / moderately / gently / reach a ( the ) peak / the highest point / A record number ;of students / reach the nadir / reach the bottom / the rock bottom / experience a moderate fluctuation / swing
remain steady at..., level off at…, peak at..., reach the climax
at..., reach the low at…, account for...
twice/three... times as many/much as..., one fifth/a quarter/a
third/a half of...
开头和结尾的常用句型
The two graphs describe the same thing seen in two different ways.
The first diagram simply records…The second graph throws a new light
on…
The key findings taken from the surveys are as follows:…
This table provides several important points of comparison between A
and B.
一般图表作文的特征主要体现在第一段，该段的任务是描述图表同时点明图表所要表达的主题或说明
的问题，如:
As is shown in the table (or in the picture)...dropped from... in
1994 to...in 1996.According to the figures given in the table,
...has great increased (or decreased) in the past...years (or
decades), reaching...in 1996. From the table we can also see that
there has been a sharp decline (or rise) in...It is clear that
大家看下面的实例，注意体会图表作文的写作特点:
实例1----2002年6月真题
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Directions: For this part you are allowed thirty minutes to write a
composition on the topic Student Use of Computers. You should write
at least 120 words and base your composition on the chart and the
outline given below
Average number of hours a student spends on the computer per week
1. 上图所示为1990年、1995年、2002年某校大学生事业计算机的情况，请描述其变化;
2. 请说明发生这些变化的原因(可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明);
3. 你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。
Model Composition
Great changes have taken place in student use of computers in the university. The hours the student
spent on computers per week skyrocketed from about 2 in 1990 to 20 in 2000, more than 9 times higher. This rapid increase proves that students were in closer contact with computers. To account for this phenomenon, people have come up with various reasons as listed below. In the first place, with the drop in prices of computers, more students could afford computers, therefore they could spend much more time with computers. In the second place, the computers were applied to wider and wider use and students had to take advantage of this modern invention. Last but not the least important, the development of society pushed computers into more dormitories.
Whatever the reason, there are still some problems with student use of computers. To begin with, many students still have no computers of their own. What's more, many students use computers only to play e-games and browse porn websites, which causes harm to their mind. (172 words)
实例2----1991年6月真题
Changes in People's Diet
Food 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990
Grain 49% 47% 46.5% 45% 45%
Milk 10% 11% 11% 12% 13%
Meat 17% 20% 22.5% 23% 21%
Fruit& Vegetable 24% 22% 20% 20% 21%
Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
State the changes in people's diet in the past five years.
Give possible reasons for the changes.
Draw your own conclusion
Model Composition
As is shown in the above table, great changes took place on people's diet from 1986 to 1990. On the whole, the consumption of grain decreased year by year, while that of some high-energy food, such as milk and meat, increased consistently. In my opinion, there are two major reasons for the changes in
people's diet. On one hand, people gave their attention to the quality of their diet. On the other hand, they could afford to buy more expensive food with better nutrition owing to the increase of their income.
From the above, we can see that people's living standard improved remarkably in the five years from 1986 to 1990. And we can also anticipate that they will live more and more comfortably and healthily in
the future. (128 words)
实例3
Employment Problem of College Graduates
Year 2002 2003(Estimated) 2004(Estimated)
Number of Unemployed Graduates 380,000 420,000 500,000
描写2002年到2004年找不到工作的大学毕业生的人数变化;
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分析原因(高校扩招使毕业生供给大于需求，很多毕业生只愿留在大城市，毕业生的专业不适合社会
需要等)
给出解决问题的办法。
Model Composition
As is demonstrated in the table, more and more college graduates are out of a job in our country, which is a serious problem to our economic development and social security. It is estimated that in 2004, there will be 500,000 unemployed graduates, more than 30% higher than in 2002.
There are several reasons for this phenomenon. In the first place, as the enrollment of college students has grown by more than 30% annually since 1998, more and more students are thrown into the labor market. However, our annual GDP growth has been about 8%. Therefore, the supply of labor exceeds the demand, hence a shortage of positions. In the second place, many graduates do not want to work in
medium-sized and small cities or towns where they are most needed. Instead, too many of them crowd
in big cities like Beijing, Shanghai or Guangzhou.
Serious as the problem seems, we can come up with some measures to deal with it. On one hand, the government should develop our national economy more rapidly, creating more job opportunities. On the other hand, the college students must be realistic in choosing jobs. Only in these ways can we hope to solve the problem. (201 words)
经典么办句:A ranks first, with..%, followed by B,C, ACCOUTING for..% and ..% separately, then
comes E, F, for ..% and ..% respectively
应用文题型 (Applied Writing)
应用文的范围很广，包括书信、便条、广告、
简历
个人简历下载免费下载简历模版总经理简历下载资料员简历下载资料员简历下载
以及通知等诸方面。英语考试中的应用文以书信为
主、兼或有
报告
软件系统测试报告下载sgs报告如何下载关于路面塌陷情况报告535n,sgs报告怎么下载竣工报告下载
、演讲词、导游介绍之类的要求，这一点在大学英语四级考试中屡有所见。
书 信
英文书信一般包括六个部分:
" 信头-----------------------写信人的地址和日期
" 收信人内文地址--------收信人的姓名及地址
" 称呼-----------------------对收信人的称谓语，写在内文地址以下两行
" 正文-----------------------写信人的身份及写信目的
" 结束客套语----------------信尾谦辞
" 签名
称谓(Salutation)
这儿指写信人对收信人的称谓。从左边顶格写起，自成一行，比信内地址低两行。其开头词和专有名
词的第一个字母还应大写。称谓后，英国人喜用逗号，而美国人则用冒号。
" "Dear" 的用法:
最常见的是用Dear + (头衔)姓或名，如:Dear Professor Chen, Dear Mr. Alan 或Dear
Isabel, 也就是在Mr., Mrs, Miss, Ms, Prof., Dr. 等后只用姓，不用名字。如果关系比较亲密，可用M
y
Dear…。
" 给某个机构或你不认识的人写信，则按如下称呼写:
Dear Sir, Dear Sirs, Sirs, Gentlemen, Dear Madame,
Ladies or Madame, To Whom It May Concern.
" 写给政府各部门首长，如参议员、法官、大使、市长等可用Hon. (Honorable 阁下的缩写)，表示
尊重。
正文(Body)
正文是书信的主要部分。通常在低于称呼一行处写起，每段开头要向后缩进五到八个字母。正文从内
容结构上一般包括:
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" 写信人的身份及写信目的------------位于开头部分，一般是寒暄或点明写信的目的;要写得贴切、热
情、恰如其分。
" 写信人的想法，请求等细节--------位于中间部分，叙述一封信的主要内容，要求写得具体明了，直
截了当
" 向收信人表示谢意、希望等---------位于结尾部分，通常写一些表示祝愿、问候、感谢等结束敬语或
希望之类的话语。
下面是一些写信时的常用表达:
开头语常用表达:
" 寒暄或关于"接到你的某月某日的信"
Excuse me of not writing you for such a long time. Your letter dated the 10th inst. (instant 本月) is at hand.
I feel complimented by the kindness of your letter which arrived
this morning.
Words can't express my delight of receiving your letter dated Aug.
27.
" 点明目的，表示通知、消息。
I am writing to ask if you can do me a favor. I have the pleasure to tell you that our friend, Jim, will get
married in the New Year's Day.
I am very much delighted to inform that you will get a promotion
soon.
结尾语常用表达:
" We send you our best wishes.
" With best regards.
" Looking forward to hearing from you soon. " Love to all you.
" Please give my best regards to your family / parents.
" All the luck in the world to you. 结尾谦辞(Complementary Close)。
结尾谦辞指写信人对收信人的谦辞称，写在正文下第二、三行处，从信纸中间稍向右处或齐头左顶格
写起，第一字母大写，末尾加逗号。结尾谦辞根据通信人之间关系的亲疏恰当选择。常见的有以下几种: " 通常使用:
Sincerely,(Your Sincerely; Sincerely yours; Most sincerely)
Truly，(Yours truly; very truly yours)
" 给上级、长辈、领导或公务信件用:
Respectively yours,
Faithfully yours,
" 一般同事或熟人之间用:
Yours ever,
Your friend,
Cordially yours,
" 写出亲属或关系非常亲密的是:
With love,
Love,
All my love,
Forever yours
26 第 26 页 共 43 页
Yours affectionately,
Your loving son / daughter
书信作文的语体问题
就书信作文而言，作文内容固然重要，但语体更是问题。英文书信大致可分为事务书信(Business
Letters)和个人书信(Personal
Letters)两种。前者是单位与单位或个人与单位之间来往的信件，语体比较正规(formal);后者则
是个人与个人之间的飞鸿，表达较为随便(Personal)。但有时，同一封信可以采用正式与非正式两种语
体表达，这就要求考生具有明辨和变换语体的能力。会变换语体，就要掌握大量词汇和句子结构、套语，
尤其是同义词的不同感情色彩以及委婉语气和祈使句的应用。一般说来，正式文多采用包含would,
should, might
等情态动词的语句，而个人书信除对师长的客套外，大都可融进少量口语体的句子(如祈使句、感叹
句等)。值得一提的是广义虚拟语气在书信中的应用(凡要表达客气委婉的语气或留有余地的主观愿望而
使用的虚拟语气属广义用法)。广义虚拟语气涉及到若干固定句式，比如:
陈述看法
I believed/thought/guessed/supposed/…that+表述内容(用过去时代替现在时是客气委婉的表示。)
提出劝告、建议
It would/could be fine to do …
You might as well do …
You should do…
提出请求、询问意向
I would (very much) like to V …
Could you ...
Would you …
表明意向
I was wondering if …
I wondered if …
以上句式在正式或比较正式的书信中是常见的，应学会使用。
实例1----2002年1月真题
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: A Letter to the University President about the Canteen Service on Campus. You should write at least 100 words, and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below: 假设你是李明，请你就本校食堂的状况给校长写一封信，内容应涉及食堂的饭菜质量、价格、环境、
服务等，可以是表扬，可以是批评建议，也可以兼而有之。
Model Composition
January 12th, 2002
Dear Mr. President,
I am a student here. I write you this letter to say a few words about the dining halls in this university.
First, the food in the dining halls is not delicious enough, either too salty or too watery, especially in Dining Hall 3. Second, the prices in dining hall are very high and usually we cannot afford it. Third, the dining halls are always very crowed and we can seldom find seats if arriving there not early enough and the tables are not cleaned in time. Anyway, what is good is that the working staff in the dining halls are quite kind, friendly and patient, and they
27 第 27 页 共 43 页
usually try their best to meet the demand of the students and teachers.
Thus I suggest enlarging the dining halls and improving the quality of foods and reducing the prices to what is acceptable to all the students.
Best wishes.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
实例2----2003年12月真题
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter in reply to a friend's inquiry about applying for admission to your college or university. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:
建议报考的专业及理由
报考该专业的基本条件
应当如何备考
Model Composition
A Letter of Reply to a Friend
December 27, 2003
Dear
When it comes to which major you should choose, I propose that you apply for the major of English. To begin with, English is the most popular language in the world, which is widely used in all fields such as teaching, translation, foreign trade and so on. What's more, it goes without saying that English majors are more likely to find a good job in the tighter and tighter job market.
In order to study at English Department, you have to meet the following requirements. In the first place, you have to spend a lot of time on it, just as the old saying goes, "Practice makes perfect". In the second place, the basic skills of reading, writing, listening and speaking are necessary, because they are the foundations for your future study. Last but not the least important, you need an intense interest in learning English since "interest is the best teacher."
As far as the preparation work is concerned, you should first of all review all the required vocabulary. In addition, you'd better spend some time on reading and writing. Only through these measures can you hope to enroll in our university.
Yours
实例3----2001年6月真题
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a letter. Suppose you are Zhang Ying. Write a letter to Xiao Wang, a schoolmate of yours who is going to visit you during the week-long holiday. You should write at least 100 words according to the suggestions given below in Chinese.
表示欢迎
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提出过度假安排的建议
提醒应注意的事项
Model Composition
A Letter to a Schoolmate
June 23, 2001
Dear Xiao Wang,
I'm very happy that you will come to Beijing and spend holidays with me. It is a long time that we haven't seen each other and I miss you very much. I have always been looking forward to your arrival. Since you will stay in Beijing for a week, I suggest you visit some places of interests, such as the Great Wall, the Palace Museum, the Summer Palace, the Tian'An Men Square, Mount Fregrance and etc. If time permits, I can show you around some famous universities like Peking University, Tsinghua University and so on, which are worth your visit.
As the weather here is changeable, I propose you to wear more clothes in case that it is getting colder.
Come here as soon as possible and I can't wait to meet you. Wish you a safe and pleasant trip here.
Yours,
报告写作
报告(report)是指向某人、某公司或政府机关通报值得注意的一些事实的文件，报告有很多种，这里
我们主要集中看看大学生或毕业生所马上面临的部分。在编写报告时，要注意下列事项:
" 弄清楚为谁写这份报告，为什么写
" 尽量用简洁的语言
" 要有特色
" 报告写完后，对主要观点要有总结
一般四级考查的是短文式报告(Report in Essay Style),这类报告通常包括三部分:引言(Introducti
on),
正文(body)， 结论(conclusion)。当然，正文根据情况不同，可分为不同的段落。
实例----2003年6月真题
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write An Eye-Witness Account of a Traffic Accident. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese: 假设你在某日某时某地目击一起车祸，就此写一份见证书。见证书须包括以下几点:
车祸发生的时间及地点
你所见到的车祸情况
你对车祸原因的分析
Model Composition
An Eye-witness Account of a Traffic Accident
Last Friday morning I was standing at the bus stop waiting for Bus No. 375. Because several lines pass by the station and it was rush hour, many people had gathered there before next bus came, some off the pavement, others on the lawn.
A bus pulled into the station at last. Before I recognized the number of the packed bus, people already thronged forward and fought
29 第 29 页 共 43 页
their way to the door. Suddenly I heard somebody shout "Help! Help!" It was from the crowd. All the passengers looked toward the point where the sound came from. A pregnant woman was lying on the road nearby the bus door, bleeding all over. I was frightened and dazed. An ambulance came and took the woman to hospital. Buses came and went, but I just stood there, lost in thought.
Probably because time and tide wait for no man, people in modern society are always in a hurry, lest they should be left behind and even dismissed. There can never be peace of mind. Thus rises the number of traffic accident. If there were less pressure on people, there might be fewer accidents.
公众演讲稿
下面我们看一下公众演讲。大体来说，公众演讲可分为四类:
" 信息型演讲(informative speech)
" 劝说型演讲(persuasive speech)
" 娱悦型演讲(entertaining speech)
" 激励型演讲(stimulating speech)
一般来说，演讲包括六个部分:
" 问候语(Greetings)
" 提出话题(Presentation of the Topic)
" 论述话题(Discussion of the Topic)
" 结束话题(Conclusion of the Topic)
" 呼吁行动(Appeal to Action)
" 结尾语(Closing Remarks)
当然虽然一个演讲包括以上六部分，但未必是六段，在四级考试中，可以把问候语、提出话题合为一
段，论述话题一段或两段，而把结束话题、呼吁行动以及结尾语融在一起为一段。
实例----2005年1月真题
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a campaign speech in support of your election to the post of chairman of the student union. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.
1 你认为自己具备是什么条件(能力，性格，爱好)可以胜任学生会主席工作，
2 如果当选你将会为本校同学做什么,
Model Composition
Good morning. My fellow friends, I feel very glad and excited to have the honor of being a candidate for the president of the students' union. I am a junior and come from the Foreign Language department. I think I can be qualified to work for the union as the president for the following reasons.
I joined the department students' union the moment I entered this university, and have been the president of that organization one year later. Consequently, I have accumulated rich experiences in organization activities and communicating with students. Besides, I have a belief of serving for the benefits of students and that of the university as well. Both my fellow department-mates and teachers all give me high praises due to the contributions I made during my
30 第 30 页 共 43 页
term. More importantly, I believe I am a dynamic person full of passion for a variety of things. I am one member of the school basketball team.
If I am lucky enough to be elected the president, I will contribute great efforts to serve the interests of our school. Specifically speaking, I will organize various activities and do more exchanges with other schools to help our learning and make the life even more colorful. I sincerely hope you may give me a chance. Thank you. 导游解说词
当今世界旅游事业蓬勃发展，旅游业已成为各国重要的经济部门。为了招揽游客，导游解说和旅游指
南就显得十分必要，大学英语考试中有关旅游的题目也是很多。导游解说除了开头结尾的客套话，中间则
是对景点的介绍，而旅游指南里面大部分也是对景点大介绍。导游解说词和旅游指南的语言既具有广告宣
传文字的特点，也具有某些报导文字和游记文字的特色。其语言既比较规范，又具有大众化，辞令明快优
美，富于表现力和说明力，向旅游者介绍某个地方的特色，提供游览的信息，帮助游人了解和欣赏要游览
的地方，有时还告诉游客诸如交通、食宿、花费、时间表等出外旅游常见问题。
大家看下面的实例，体会一下导游解说词和旅游指南的写作特点:
实例----2004年6月真题
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition entitled A Brief Introduction to a Tourist Attraction. You should write at least 120 words according to the following guidelines:
Your role: a tour guide
Your audience: a group of foreign tourists
Your introduction should include:
? some welcoming words
? the schedule for the day
? a description of the place the tourists will be visiting (e.g. a
scenic spot or a historical site, etc.)
You should make the introduction interesting and the arrangements for the day clear to everybody.
Model Composition
A Brief Introduction to a Tourist Attraction
Good morning, ladies and gentleman, welcome to Beijing. To begin with, I would like to introduce myself: I am the tourist guide from China Travel Service and it's great honor to stay here with all of you for a whole day. Just as the old saying goes, "It is always a pleasure to greet a friend from afar", so I hope all of you will enjoy yourselves during this trip.
The following is the schedule for the day. The first spot we are going to visit is the Great Wall, the grandest fortification in ancient China. The next sight to look around is the Ming Tombs, which are the best-preserved tombs for 13 emperors in Ming Dynasty more than one thousand years ago. In the afternoon, we will go to the Summer Palace, the royal park for Chinese ancient emperors. Currently we are on the way to the Great Wall. Dating back to the seventh century B.C., the Great Wall was constructed by respective
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states for fortifying against invasion of neighboring states. By the
reasons of long history and its length, it becomes one of the eight
wonders in the world and represents the highest wisdom and crafts.
From the top of the Great Wall, we can enjoy a magnificent view of
continuous mountains, green trees and blooming wild flowers. It is
no doubt that one says, "He who has never been to the Great Wall is
not a true man".
Above is the introduction to our arrangement. If you have any
questions, please feel free to ask me at any time.
申诉信、投诉信、邀请信和给报社专栏信
当交易过程中出现问题时，客户就会写封申诉信给有关的商家或机构要求弥补或赔偿。写申诉信时，
应把问题讲清楚，而不要讽刺挖苦，应保持理性、温和、有礼的态度，有理有节。对有关人或部门要做正
面评价，注重礼貌。
在写申述信时，要注意下列事项:
先简要清楚介绍交易背景，如交易时间、地点、商品名称、尺寸和颜色或服务项目，以及交易当事人。
详尽解释申诉信的目的，包括交易过程中的出现的问题以及自己的不满。所用语言应该理性、自然、
温和、有礼。
最后，提出自己的补救方法。
当寄信人所买的商品或接受的服务有问题，需要某些调整，例如更换、维修、退货或退款时，就会写
封投拆信给有关商家或机构。投拆信(Claim
letter) 和申诉信(Complaint
letter)不同的地方在于投拆信有保证书或保单之类的理赔证据为保障，故收信人要按照规定予以合理
赔偿。而申诉信则视读信人是否愿意给申诉人一个交代而定。
邀请信在四级往年题目里曾经考过，其特点是要热情，一般分为两部分内容:一是写明什么事、在什
么时间、什么地点邀请人出席;二是为什么邀约对方以及一些期待、盼望之类的话。写作时应注意以下几
点:
时间、地点要具体
写明原因和目的
习俗礼节要注意
格式称呼要讲究
很多报刊设立专栏，为生活中的一些问题提供建议和解决办法。人们可以向某专栏作家求助，也可以
就某个问题发表自己的看法。在写专栏文章时，口语文体稍多一点，就如同和某个人对话。在文体方面，
也可以多些变化。当然写专栏文章，称呼是确定的，即Dear
Editor。
大家看下面的实例，体会这几种信件的写法:
实例1 申诉信
Model Composition
Dear Mr. Smith,
Your printing quality is excellent, but delivery is not. We expect
our printing orders to be on time. Recently, our orders have been
delivered to us from two to five days later than the time promised.
This practice has got to stop.
We have been maintaining a mutual rewarding relationship. We receive
outstanding service coupled with creativity. For instance, with the
widget promotion you helped to develop the color theme for our
marketing program and we appreciated that greatly. In return for
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your quality work, we have given all our business to you. Now that relationship is in jeopardy because of your untimely delivery of printing orders.
We know you can meet the deadlines. Your action of getting our printing requirements to us on time is greatly appreciated. Sincerely,
Li Ming
分析:以上是Gloryfield Furniture Manufacturing Inc. 写给Smith & Steven
Printing Company 的申诉信, 信中提到Smith & Steven Printing
Company经常延误送货时间而给Gloryfield Furniture Manufacturing
Inc.带来损失。最后，Gloryfield Furniture 希望对方以后能够准时交货。
实例 2 投诉信
Model Composition
Dear Customer Service Department,
Thank you for sending the above mentioned merchandise promptly. However, the merchandise No. 00712433, Model Name: Anta Sport, received on January 23rd, 2005, was found defective.
The merchandise mentioned above was fading. Based on the merchandise quality report given by your company, the sneaker is fade proof; and it is manufactured under strict quality control. Moreover, the sales agreement has clearly stated that any unsatisfactory transaction can be resolved in the way of exchanging the merchandise or refunding. As the merchandises are the most demanded in the market and for the sake of our mutual benefit, your prompt actions are appreciated. I am looking forward to your reply.
Enclosed are copies of invoice and delivery order for your reference.
Yours truly,
Li Ming
分析:这是顾客向客户服务部投诉的一封信。第一段清楚说明了有问题的商品的型号，交易时间。第
二段提出解决问题的办法和依据，要么更换，要么退钱。第三段表达出期待，当然最后还要附上发票和其
他证明依据。
实例 3 邀请信
Model Composition
Dear Mr. Smith:
Your letter of Jan. 27 reached me this morning. We were very happy to know that you had readily accepted our invitation and Mrs. Smith would accompany you on this lecture tour. Arrangements will be made for her to work in the Foreign Language Department. To comply with your wish, we are making necessary preparations for you to come at the beginning of March.
We will provide you and Mrs. Smith with free housing at our university and free medical service while you are here. In addition, we will pay you 5,000 China Yuan and Mrs. Smith 3000 Yuan per month as salaries to cover your food and daily necessities. We also undertake to bear your traveling and hotel expenses to China and
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back.
Our teachers and graduate students particularly like to hear your views on Power Management and related subjects, but if you prefer to lecture on other topics in the area of power and electricity, they will be equally interested.
To provide you with some information about our university and our physics department in which you are to work, we enclose herewith a brochure containing a brief account of both of them and a few photos taken of our campus. Also enclosed is a draft contract. If you agree to the terms contained therein, please sign it and send it back by return mail.
My colleagues and myself are looking forward to welcoming you and Mrs. Smith on our campus.
Sincerely Yours,
Li Ming
分析:这是一封邀请外国专家来校讲学的信件，开头感谢Smith先生答应来讲学，并满足他的一些要
求，第二段则详细介绍了给予的待遇，第三段对Smith先生讲课的内容有礼貌委婉地做了限制，最后则提
供了本校的详细信息，以期待专家尽快做出决定。全文礼貌，热情，事情介绍清楚明了。
实例 4 写给报社专栏的信件
Model Composition
Health more important
Dear editor:
Wealth or health? Many would choose the former over the latter. In the past, I too would have chosen wealth, but after last winter vacation, I completely changed my view.
"Uncle Tom is suffering from cancer. Let's go to see him tomorrow." When my mother told me the bad news, I could hardly believe my ears. Uncle Tom has been a good friend to my father for years and had always been kind to me. In the morning, I often saw him wearing his jacket and doing exercises. He looked so healthy and energetic. I continued to hope that some mistake had been made in his physical examination until I saw him lying in the hospital bed with my own eyes. He was quite different from the dynamic man in my memory. We were aware that he must be bearing great pain, so we tried to comfort him, encouraging him to pull through. He just nodded with tears shining in his eyes. I turned back for fear that I couldn't keep back my tears.
On the way home, I was deep in thought. I asked myself: If money was everything, could it buy health? Of course not. Health is the most important of all.
Adam, Los Angels
祝贺信、感谢信和慰问信
在得知亲朋好友毕业、通过考试、获得学位、获奖、晋升、结婚、生日庆典等喜讯时，应写信表示祝
贺。祝贺信可长可短，但一定要写得亲切热烈，表达感情。
在收到别人的礼物或接受了别人的问候、祝贺、慰问、帮助、款待和推荐之后，应写信表示感谢。感
谢信没有必要写得太长，但要写得真诚、热切。
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亲朋好友或同事、同学办事失败，遭遇不幸时，我们应写信表示安慰。慰问信要有真情实感，向对方
表达同情之意，以乐观向上的语言减轻对方的烦恼与痛苦，并给对方以克服困难，走出困境的信心。
在四级英语考试中，这三种类型的信件可以和提纲型作文结合起来进行考查。
下面我们通过实例体会一下三类信件的写法:
实例1 祝贺信
下面是对某公司客户得到一笔不错生意的祝贺
Model Composition
February 15th, 2005
Dear Mr. Smith:
Congratulations on your firm's recent selection to design and print media advertisements for the Beijing Municipal Government. We learned of your success at our convention in Shanghai last month. We have long believed that the success of individual franchises is directly linked to the healthy growth of the industry at large. We can think of no better firm to help our industry achieve wide recognition than your company.
We have followed your success in promoting other associations such as soft drinks, snack foods and recycling. Your "Dream Vision 2008" ads for the bottling industry were both inspirational and effective in raising consumer awareness, and we look for similar positive responses to this business with the Beijing Municipal Government. Again, accept our warm congratulations on your selection. We look forward to seeing the results of the survey you conducted during our convention.
Sincerely yours
Leonardo Chen
分析:在第一段中，作者说明了祝贺的理由。第二段通过表示对客户以前工作的了解，使祝贺显得更
具说服力。第三段再次表示祝贺之意。
实例 2 感谢信
这是一篇感谢别人送行的信件
Model Composition
Dear Isabel,
It was certainly grand of you and Tom to come and see me off! I know it was not easy for you to get to the airport at such an early hour, so I appreciate it all the more.
Flying over water can get dreadfully boring after the first few hours, and your book of love stories came in very handy. It was sweet and thoughtful of you to think of it.
The flight was uneventful and we arrived in Beijing on schedule time. Alice and Adam met me at the airport, and went straight to their charming little house. I know I am going to love it here. I will write to you again, Isabel. In the meantime, my thanks to you and Tom for your much kindness to me when I studied in New York, and my love to you both, always!
Yours Ever,
Li Ming
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分析:第一段开门见山直接表达感激之情。第二段通过提前准备好一本书以打发旅途无聊时光这一细节，使感激之情更加真挚。第三段讲抵达后的情况，报平安，以示关系亲近。最后再次表达谢意。
实例3 慰问信
下面是别人在海啸中受伤后，表示关切而写的一封慰问信
Model Composition
Dear Tom,
I am very sorry to learn from the evening paper that a tsunami hit
your city this early morning, and I just can not tell you how sorry
I was to learn of your injury. Your family tells me that you are
progressing nicely, and that you will be out of the hospital in
about ten days. I am certainly relieved to know that!
In the next day or so you will receive a little package from me. I
hope you like it, and that it will help to pass the time more
pleasantly.
With every good wish for your swift recovery.
Sincerely Yours,
Li Ming
分析:对于遭受自然灾害受伤的亲友，应该去信表示慰问，用语尽量中肯贴切。信中不必询问受伤或事故的前前后后，来龙去脉，应表述你听说友人受伤后的难过心情，以及希望他不久就能痊愈的祝愿。
申请信(LETTERS OF APPLICATION)
该类信件主要用于求职、求学或辞职以及其它请求，是一种十分重要的正式函件。一般来说，写申请信时要附上个人简历。申请信是一种自荐形式，申请人向某个单位或学术机构推荐自己从事某种工作或就读某个学科。在写申请信时，，突出重点，能马上引起人们注意。
申请信有两种类型:一种是对某一招聘广告所提及的职业提出申请(a response to a specific
advertisement)，另一种不必以招聘广告为据，是推测某种可能性而提出的申请(application on
speculation)。写申请信文字讲究规范化，提供的信息要真实、简洁，语气要肯定、自信。例如，大学生在求职时，有一个不利之处在于缺乏工作经验，在表达该意思时，一般我们不用
"I don't have much experience in …"，而选择 "I am eager to get more
experience in…"。后者比前者要积极很多。
申请信的格式分为齐头式(full
flock)，混合式(block)和缩行式(semi-block)三种。从三种格式看:现时商务、政务等公务中流行的齐头式每行都自左至右顶格开始;混合式的信头、日期、结束语和签名都安排在信纸的中间偏右部位，其他部分与齐头式一样，每行都自左边顶格开始;缩行式与混合式不同的地方是信的正文每段第一行都与写普通文章的段落写法一样。应该指出的是，这三种形式都是可以接受的，没有优劣之分。但在使用时，不可混用，一旦决定采用某种格式，在同一封信中就必须保持一致，而不要中途改变。
申请信属于正式公函，一般包括公函的几个基本部分:信头、信内地址、称呼、正文、结束套语、签名。有的签名后还有外加部分，如附言(Postscript,略作P.
S.)、附件(Enclosure,常略作Encl.)、副本抄送(Carbon
Copy,略作cc.)。若有这些附加部分的其中一项或两项，均齐头写在左下方。
信头包括写信人自己的姓名、地址和写信的日期;信内地址包括收信人的姓名、职务和地址;称呼一般用"Dear
Sir"，或者"Gentlemen"，有时偶尔也用"Dear Sir or Madam"，当然具体称呼"Dear Mr.
Smith"(男性)，"Dear Miss Smith"或者"Dear Mrs. Coles"和"Dear Ms.
Mckay"(女性)都是可以的。公务信件的正式结束语可以是"Yours Truly"，"Yours Very Truly"，"Yours
Sincerely"或者"Sincerely"等。签名必须清楚，若是打字的信件，签名要签在打字姓名的上面。
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申请信的正文一般可以由几个短的段落组成。第一段写明你申请的职位或工作，说明是什么原因使你
提出申请，或者你在何时何处看到的招聘广告而做出回应。第二段着重写你的教育背景、特殊技能和主要
工作经历(与所附简历吻合)，这些是你被录用的基本条件。第三段写明你为什么要到所申请公司或所申
请单位工作的理由。这是你向往该公司的原因，文字夸张一点是可以的，但不要说谎。比方说"Your
company is the only place I have ever wanted to work"就显得不明智，而说"Your
company's reputation for good service to its customers and fairness to its employees has prompted me to
apply"就使人听起来感到很合情理，很舒畅。第四段可以写你能应聘或面试的具体时间或其他合理要
求。最后是礼节式的表态，如可以用"Thank
you for considering my
application"。以上所述是申请信正文结构的大致安排，当然大家也可以灵活掌握，有所变通，只表达
出来就行了。
大家看下面的实例，体会申请信的写作特点。
实例 1 求职申请信
Model Composition
February 14th, 2005
Ms Alice Green, Store Manager
Carefour
Building 8, Red Star Street
Dongcheng Distric, Beijing
Dear Ms Green:
You want retail clerks and managers who are accurate, enthusiastic, and experienced. You want someone who cares about customer service, who understands merchandising, and who can work with others to get the job done. When you are ready to hire a manager trainee or a clerk who is willing to work toward promotion, please consider me for the job.
Working as clerk and then as assistant department manager in a large department store has taught me how challenging a career in retailing can be. Moreover, my AA degree in retailing (including work in such
courses as retailing, marketing, and business information system)
will provide your store with a well-rounded associate. Most important, I can offer Carefour Dongcheng Store more than my two years' of study and field experience: You will find that I am interested in every facet of retailing, eager to take on responsibility, and willing to continue learning throughout my career. Please look over my resume to see how my skills can benefit your store.
I understand that Carefour prefers to promote its managers from within the company, and I would be pleased to start out with an entry-level position until I gain the necessary experience. Do you have any associate positions opening up soon? Could we discuss my qualifications? I will phone you early next Wednesday to see whether we can arrange a meeting at your convenience.
Sincerely yours,
Adam Smith
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Enclosure
分析:在第一段中，申请人通过对所申请职位的描述与自己的条件，迅速地引起收件人的注意。第二
段中申请人点明了自己的个人素质与技能，这些在简历里难以展示，使收件人对申请人有更清楚的了解。
第三段申请人对公司晋升政策的了解肯定会引起读者的兴趣。虽然最后一段用的是第一人称I，但文章的
中心与重点还是在读者身上。
实例 2 留学出国申请信
Directions: Imagine you want to study in a US university for a master's degree. Your composition should include:
an introduction of yourself,
why you want to study in that university, and
your thanks.
You should write no less than 120 words.
Model Composition
To whom it may concern,
My name is Li Ming and I am now studying at Peking University and going to graduate in this July. My major in the university is chemistry and I hope to study in your university for a master's degree.
There are many reasons why I want to study in your university. Here are just some: To begin with, because your university is a world-famous one and especially good at chemistry. I know some Nobel Prize winners for Chemistry once worked in the Department of Chemistry in your university. I believe I will get an excellent education in your university. What's more, I am qualified to study in your university. I have been studying hard at Peking University, one of the best universities of China and I have all "As" in my courses. Also I am good at sports, especially basketball and football. Last but not least, I am very much interested in chemistry and plan to devote myself to the study of it. In all I think I can study well in your university.
Thank you for your consideration and I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours Sincerely
Li Ming
下面是在写申请信时的一些常用句型:
开门见山点明写信目的时常用:
" I am very interested in your advertisement for an Internet Engineer in China Daily March 8. I would like to apply for the position.
" Your advertisement for an Internet Engineer in China Daily March 8 has caught my attention. I would like to apply for this position. " In reply to your advertisement for a Marketing Manager in Chicago Tribune January 5, I offer my service for this position. 介绍学历时，常用以下句型:
" I will graduate in the summer of 2005 from the Department of Automatic Control, North China Electric and Power University.
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" I will graduate with a Bachelor of Engineering degree from Tsinghua University in the summer of 2005.
" I will earn my B. S. degree from Beijing University in the summer of 2005.
" I hold / have a Bachelor degree in Mechanical Engineering. 在介绍自己工作经验时，常用:
" I have worked part time as a computer programmer for two years with the Carpenter Company.
" I have had two years' part time experience as a salesman. " I have been in the part time employment of the Import and Export company of Shanghai for two years.
介绍自己的工作能力时，常用以下句型:
" I am well acquainted with office work / import and export businesses.
" I have a good understanding of server hardware, remote administration, and networking hardware.
" I have a working knowledge of image size, file formats, and networking hardware.
" I am highly competent and self motivated to work in a fast moving, ever changing and demanding environment.
介绍自己的语言能力时，常用以下句型:
" I have strong written and verbal communication skills. " I am fluent in spoken English.
" I have a good command of spoken English.
" I am good at both written translation and oral interpretation. 求职信结尾时常用以下句型:
" If any further material is still required for my application, please let me know at your earliest convenience.
" Should further information be required, please let me know. " I hope you could favor me with a prompt reply.
" I am looking forward to a favorable answer.
" I would be most happy if you could favor me with an interview. " I would appreciate your reply at your earliest convenience. 请假条A sick Leave
Suppose you are a student and are ill so you cannot attend the class today. Write a sick leave to your teacher.
Dear Prof. Kang,
I am very sorry to tell you that I cannot attend today's lecture held by you owing to the fact that I caught a bad cold last night. The doctor said that I should stay in bed for a couple of days. Thus I am compelled to ask for sick leave of two days. I shall make up for the missing classes by consulting my classmates and return to class as soon as I feel better.
Enclosed with this letter is the doctor's certificate. Yours respectfully
Li Ming
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Follow-up Exercises
Exercise 1
A Report: Views on China's Entry into the WTO
To: Mr. Adam Smith
From: Mr. Wang Li
Subject: Views on China's Entry into the WTO
Date: January 10, 2002
Model Composition
As required I chose 500 subjects and asked them, through telephone,
about what they thought about the recent entry of China into the
WTO. Here is what I get from the survey:
For the majority of people (about 60%), this entry into the WTO is a
great success both nationally and internationally. They argue that,
on one hand, it stands for the government's determination to open
China further to the world. On the other hand, they also believe
that the WTO needs China, for it is well known that China is quickly
becoming the largest market on the surface of our planet.
A smaller group of subjects (about 30%) remain suspicious, or
pessimistic of the event. They express deep concern for the future
of China's state enterprises. For them, foreign competitors will
destroy domestic products and make millions of workers unemployed.
This is what we survey. If you need more information, please let us
know. (158 words)
Writing 1 作文基本结构
Where There Is a Will, There Is a Way
(1) ―Where there is a will, there is a way‖ is accumulated experience we inherited from our forefathers and it is still widely applied to our present life. (2) The idiom proves that we must have a strong will if we want to achieve any success. (3) Without determination, we will be complete failures in life and in our careers.
(1) A case in point is the study of English. (2) Take my neighbor, Xiao Wang, as an example:
He is not confident in learning English and he doesn’t have a strong will to learn it better. (3) So the
natural consequence is that he often fails the English exams. (4) As far as I am concerned, I firmly believe that I can learn English well and I make a plan to spend five hours a day on English. (5) As it turns out, I have made much progress in learning English, which gives me more confidence in my future
career. (6) In a sense, I benefit much from my strong will.
(1) A lesson that can be drawn from the above examples is obvious. (2) A strong will can make a difference between success and failure in our English study as well as in our future career. (3) Therefore, we must have determination in order to succeed.
拓展:2005年12月作文
Directions: For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists? You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:
1. 名校校园正成为旅游新热点。
2. 校园是否应对游客开放，人们看法不同。
3. 我认为……
Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists?
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Nowadays, some famous universities have become a hot tourist attraction. Many middle school students and ordinary tourists swarm into university campuses such as Peking University and Tsinghua University. They can enjoy the intellectual atmosphere there and also be a part of it.
When it comes to whether the university campus should be open to tourists, different people hold different views. Some argue that since most universities belong to the country, every citizen has a right to visit them. What’s more, middle school students can have a good impression of the universities,
which will set a definite goal for themselves. However, other people maintain that the visitors will distract the attention of teachers and students in universities; therefore, their visit should be banned.
As I see it, the visit brings people both benefits and harms. We should open most parts of universities to visitors; meanwhile, some private or important parts should not be opened. Only in this way
can we satisfy both tourists and universities.
.英语应用文作文考试命题形式
Writing 2 辞职信
Directions: Two months ago you got a job as an editor for the magazine Car Manufacturer. But now you find that the work is not what you expected. You decide to quit. Write a letter to your boss,
Mr. Wang, telling him your decision, stating your reason(s), and making an apology.
Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use ―Li Ming‖ instead.
Dear Mr. Wang,
I’m writing this letter to inform you of my decision to resign from my current position. Although I appreciate the opportunity of having worked here for two months, I do not feel the job suits me.
There are several reasons why I have to quit my job. First of all, I find that what I learned at
university cannot meet the requirements of my job. Therefore, I plan to study further and decide to prepare for the entrance exams for graduate schools. In addition, I am more interested in communicating with people instead of the words. In the end, the work pressure is too much for me, which has affected my health. I need more time to adapt myself to working under such pressure.
I’m sorry for any inconvenience my resignation may cause. However, I do hope you will approve of it and I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
Writing 3 倡议书
Directions:: You see many instances of waste on campus. Write an open letter to all your fellow students stating the instances of waste you witness, telling the harms of waste and calling on them to
reduce waste and save resources.
Dear Fellow Students,
As is known to all, waste on campus has become a more and more serious problem. We can easily see many students dump a lot of food in the garbage can. Some students spend thousands of yuan buying fashionable clothes and so on.
The negative effects of waste can be shown in the following aspects. In the first place, it makes some students dependent on their parents for money, which is harmful to their development. If they don’t learn to support themselves, they will be ―useless people‖ when they graduate. In the second place,
it is not easy for our parents to arrange for our schooling. Last but not least, there is no denying the fact that our country is still poor. There are many people who cannot go to university and many poor people still need our help.
Since our country is trying to build a conservation-oriented society, we university students should set examples for the society to reduce waste and save natural resources. First of all, we should refrain
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from wasting anything, from food to stationery. What’s more, we must form the habit of saving resour
ces, from water to money. Only through these measures can we hope to reduce waste on campus。
投诉信1。 Background and situation2.problem-cause and effect3.solution4.warning (optional)5closing
Writing 4.
Dear Sirs,
On.., I bought a color tv at„„..
I am disappointed because your product has not performed as it should. e.g. no image in it.
To solve this problem, I would appreciate your refund. Enclosed is a copy of receipt No„.
I am looking forward to hearing you and a resolution of this problem, I will wait till„before seeki
ng help from Consumer Group. Please contact me at the above address or by phone.
Yours truly,
六.Post-writing:
第一步集中在语法上:
1) 每个句子是否都有谓语动词;
2) 动词的时态和语态;
3) 主谓搭配是否恰当;
4) 代词与其指代的事物是否一致;
5) 标点符号。
第二步在拼写上
常见错误举例:
1) 无主语
(1) After graduated from university, I began to work in a company.
(2) Do you know why must protect our environment?
(3) Have you seen a man without enough food but had a healthy body?
2) 无主谓结构
(1) For another reason. When we have a vacation, it will be convenient to ride a bike.
(2) Lived in the country, no loud noise, no dirty air, but quiet and fresh.
3) 无连接词
(1) But a person has not enough food, he will not have a healthy body.
(2) China is a developing country, most people cannot afford a car yet.
4) 主语使用错误
(1) Rich doesn’t mean a happy life.
(2) Without a friend will feel alone.
(3) However, making friends should be careful.
5) ―there be‖用法错误
(1) There are many students read books in the classroom.
(2) There are few person can afford a car in our country.
(3) There are many things must be done to deal with energy crisis.
6) 举例用法错误
(1) We should take some sports. For example, football, basketball and so on.
7) 不完全句
(1) Nowadays, if you want to find a job. Then you must pass the College English Test.
8) 分词使用错误
(1) Comparing with other countries, China pays little attention to the energy problem.
(2) Looking at from above, this picture gives us an image of a lion.
9)单词用法错误(冠词、代词、形容词、副词等)
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Nothing succeeds like success!
10)避免口语，俚语
It is hard to get the idea/it is difficult to comprehend the idea
A friend is a guy(person) you can depend on
A teacher is someone(a person) who
My class is made up of 33/consist of/I should have a try on/attempt
I did(perform=practice(抽象名词)) a lot of things
We do some reading/scan the book to make sure of sth(confirm it), I perform research
11)避免使用弱势动词
A 口语中常用to be, to do, to have, to make常被学生门大量使用在作文中，单一，表达无力，枯燥
无力给人一种词汇有限风格缺陷的坏印象
a) computer has advantages(offer)/ I have sth(possess/own)
b) the topic is a and b(range from)
c) there are(stand, exist,lie, remain)
d) reading can make us know(enable us to know/can teach)
B 英语中的同源词很多，通过词缀的扩展，动词可以扩展为形容词或名词，因此，有些形容词的实际
意义与其同源的动词是一样的，在这种情况下，最好使用动词而非形容词短语，即使不是同源词，如果有
和短语意思一样的动词，最好选用动词
a) We are different from each other I whether we should quit smoking/ we differ in whether..
b) Iam interested in (show interest to/ sth appeal to me)
c) This thing is similar to that thing in/ resemble in
C 尽量避免使用make, have keep, let作为使意动词， 在本需要更具体，更准确动词进行描绘的
地方，几乎同学们都视之为秘密武器即万能词。但如果使用更地道的话，应直接使用词本身，如:constru
ct, transform, practice,perform,force等。
a) Computer makes china become a rich country(transform..into)
b) Computer make us familiar with(familiarize us with)/computer make us know/assist us in knowi
ng
c) To make students be interested in English(to arouse).
d) This method can make us be able to learn sth(enable us to)
e) Music makes me be freed from tedious work(free me from)
D) 避免使用动词叠加造成弱化句子意思(所谓叠加就是用一个动词就能表达，就不要再用其他动
词)
a) 学生们在使用动词时，没有用to隔开谓语和其他动词. 如:allow me do, decide do
b) 错误叠用动词 I am go to/ they are missed me/could to go
c) 使用助动词与动词搭配有时也会造成动词叠加
Our future should be focused on(focus on)/our job is finished using the following steps(consist of)/ t
ell me the things which has been done(done)/ tell me the details (which is )based on the book
d) 有些用被动语态而引发动词叠用的问题通常可以使用名词化方法
A is needed to be improved(noticed,repaired)/A need improvement(notice,repair)
12) 强调句子中成分的对称性
a) As income increases, the life here is improved(becomes better)
b) He is honest, brave,beauty
c) I would rather go home than going to school
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