Redhat 6.5 安装 Oracle 12.2 RAC

Redhat 6.5 安装Oracle 12.2 RAC 目录 1、ORACLE 12.2 软硬件 要求 对教师党员的评价套管和固井爆破片与爆破装置仓库管理基本要求三甲医院都需要复审吗 (3) 1.1 硬件最低配置要求 (3) 1.2 ORACLE 12.2 认证的OS 软件版本 (3) 2、整体规划部分 (3) 2.1 IP 地址规划 (3) 2.2 操作系统本地磁盘分区规划 (4) 2.3 共享存储与ASM 磁盘组规划 (4) 3、操作系统配置部分 (4) 3.1 配置hosts 文件 (4) 3.2 安装RPM 包 (5) 3.3 创建用户组 (6) 3.4 创建文件目录及权限配置 (6) 3.5 配置环境变量 (6) 3.6 安装cvuqdisk (7) 4、修改操作系统配置 (8) 4.1 开启nscd (8) 4.2 关闭防火墙 (8) 4.3 禁用selinux (8) 4.4 关闭Transparent HugePages (8) 4.5 配置/etc/security/limits.conf (8) 4.6 配置/etc/sysctl.conf (9) 4.7 配置/etc/pam.d/login (9) 4.8 配置DNS (10) 4.9 修改时间同步方式 (10) 4.10 修改nsswitch.conf (10) 4.10 配置NOZEROCONF (11) 4.11 配置互信 (11) 5、ASM 磁盘配置部分 (11) 5.1 UDEV 配置asm 磁盘(两个节点都执行) (11) 5.2 验证asm disk 生成 (12) 5.2 修改磁盘属性 (12) 6、grid 软件安装 (12) 6.1 检测安装环境 (12) 6.2 安装GI(Grid Infrastructure) (14) 7 、asmca 创建其它asmdiskgroup (23) 8、database 软件安装 (23) 9、创建CDB (28) 10、创建PDB (32) 10.1 以命令方式创建PDB (32) 10.2 查看创建成功的PDB (33) 1 1 、 2 ORACLE 12.2 软硬件要求 1.1 硬件最低配置要求 序号组件内存需求 1 Oracle Grid Infrastructure installations 4 GB 以上 2 Oracle Database installations 最小1GB,建议2GB 以 上 2 1.2 ORACLE 12.2 认证的S OS 软件版本 序号组件 1 Oracle Linux 7 with the Unbreakable Enterprise kernel: 3.8.13-35.3.1.el7uek.x86_64 or later 2 Oracle Linux 7 with the Red Hat Compatible kernel: 3.10.0-123.el7.x86_64 or later 3 Oracle Linux 6.4 with the Unbreakable Enterprise kernel 2: 2.6.39-200.24.1.el6uek.x86_64 or later 4 Oracle Linux 6 with the Red Hat Compatible kernel: 2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64 or later 5 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7: 3.10.0-123.el7.x86_64 or later 6 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6: 2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64 or later 7 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12: 3.12.28-4-default or later 8 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP2: 3.0.13-0.27 or later 2 2 、整体规划部分 P 2.1 IP 地址规划 序号所属主机名称用途IP 地址 1 GNS GNS 192.168.1.190 2 Node1 rac1 public 192.168.1.191 3 Node1 vip 192.168.1.192 4 Node1 Private1 10.1.1.191 5 Node1 Private2 10.1.1.192 7 Node2 rac2 public 192.168.1.193 8 Node2 vip 192.168.1.194 9 Node2 Private1 10.1.1.193 10 Node2 Private2 10.1.1.194 11 scan scan1 192.168.1.195 12 scan scan2 192.168.1.196 13 scan scan3 192.168.1.197 2.2 操作系统本地磁盘分区规划 序号分区名称大小用途说明 1 /boot 200MB 引导分区 2 / 12288MB(12G)根分区 3 swap 6144MB 最少4.7303GB 以上 4 /dba 44850MB oracle 安装目录 2.3 共享存储与ASM 磁盘组规划 序号磁盘名称 A Am sm 磁盘名称磁盘组名称大小用途 1 sdb1 asm-diskb OCR_VOT 10G OCR+VOTINGDISK 2 sdc1 asm_diskc DATA01 30G data 3 3 、操作系统配置部分 3.1 配置s hosts 文件 Vi /etc/hosts 192.168.1.189 GNS 192.168.1.191 rac1.li.com rac1 192.168.1.192 rac1-vip.li.com rac1-vip 10.1.1.191 rac1-pri1.li.com rac1-pri1 10.1.1.192 rac1-pri2.li.com rac1-pri2 192.168.1.193 rac2.li.com rac2 192.168.1.194 rac2-vip.li.com rac2-vip 10.1.1.193 rac2-pri1.li.com rac2-pri1 10.1.1.194 rac2-pri2.li.com rac2-pri2 192.168.1.195 rac-scan.li.com rac-scan 192.168.1.196 rac-scan.li.com rac-scan 192.168.1.197 rac-scan.li.com rac-scan 3.2 安装RPM 包 binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.11.el6 (x86_64) compat-libcap1-1.10-1 (x86_64) compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (x86_64) compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (i686) gcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64) gcc-c++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64) glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (i686) glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64) glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64) glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6 (i686) ksh libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686) libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64) libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64) libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686) libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64) libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686) libaio-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64) libaio-0.3.107-10.el6 (i686) libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64) libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6 (i686) libXext-1.1 (x86_64) libXext-1.1 (i686) libXtst-1.0.99.2 (x86_64) libXtst-1.0.99.2 (i686) libX11-1.3 (x86_64) libX11-1.3 (i686) libXau-1.0.5 (x86_64) libXau-1.0.5 (i686) libxcb-1.5 (x86_64) libxcb-1.5 (i686) libXi-1.3 (x86_64) libXi-1.3 (i686) make-3.81-19.el6 sysstat-9.0.4-11.el6 (x86_64) unixODBC.x86_64 0:2.2.14-12.el6_3 nscd 3.3 创建用户组 #/usr/sbin/groupadd –g 501 oinstall #/usr/sbin/groupadd –g 502 dba #/usr/sbin/groupadd –g 503 oper #/usr/sbin/groupadd –g 504 asmadmin #/usr/sbin/groupadd –g 505 asmdba #/usr/sbin/groupadd –g 506 asmoper #/usr/sbin/useradd –u 501 –g oinstall –G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper grid #/usr/sbin/useradd –u 502 –g oinstall –G dba,asmdba oracle passwd oracle passwd grid 3.4 创建文件目录及权限配置 #mkdir -p /dba/app/grid --this is the GI ORACLE_BASE #mkdir -p /dba/app/12.2.0/grid --this is the ORACLE_HOME FOR GI #mkdir -p /dba/app/oracle --this is the RDBMS ORACLE_BASE #mkdir -p /dba/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1 --this is the RDBMS ORACLE_HOME #mkdir -p /dba/app/oraInventory --this is oraInventory location #chown -R grid:oinstall /dba/app #chown -R oracle:oinstall /dba/app/oracle #chmod -R 775 /dba/app 3.5 配置环境变量 #su – grid $vi .bash_profile export TMP=/tmp export TMPDIR=$TMP export ORACLE_BASE=/dba/app/grid export ORACLE_HOME=/dba/app/12.2.0/grid export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1 export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib alias sqlplus="rlwrap sqlplus" $source .bash_profile #su – oracle $vi .bash_profile export PATH export TMP=/tmp export TMPDIR=$TMP export ORACLE_BASE=/dba/app/oracle export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.2.0/db_1 export ORACLE_SID=listdb1 export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib alias sqlplus="rlwrap sqlplus" alias rman="rlwrap rman" 3.6 安装cvuqdisk cvuqdisk 存于oracle GI 安装介质的cv/rpm 目录下 export CVUQDISK_GRP=asmadmin rpm –ivh cvuqdisk-1.0.10-1.rpm 4 4 、修改操作系统配置 4.1 开启nscd #chkconfig nscd on chkconfig --level 35 nscd on service nscd start 4.2 关闭防火墙 #chkconfig iptables off #chkconfig ip6tables off #service iptables stop #service ip6tables stop 4.3 禁用selinux 修改/etc/selinux/config 编辑文本中的SELINUX=enforcing 为SELINUX=disabled 4.4 关闭Transparent HugePages (1)查看验证transparent_hugepage 的状态 cat /sys/kernel/mm/redhat_transparent_hugepage/enabled always madvise [never] 结果为never 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示关闭 (2)关闭transparent_hugepage 的配置 #vi /etc/rc.local #注释:编辑rc.local 文件,增加以下 内容 财务内部控制制度的内容财务内部控制制度的内容人员招聘与配置的内容项目成本控制的内容消防安全演练内容 if test -f /sys/kernel/mm/redhat_transparent_hugepage/enabled; then echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/redhat_transparent_hugepage/enabled fi 4.5 配置/etc/security/limits.conf grid soft nproc 2047 grid hard nproc 16384 grid soft nofile 1024 grid hard nofile 65536 grid soft stack 10240 grid hard stack 32768 oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536 oracle soft stack 10240 oracle hard stack 32768 4.6 配置/etc/sysctl.conf 增加以下内容 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 fs.file-max = 6815744 kernel.shmall = 67108864 kernel.shmmax = 274877906944 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4096 87380 4194304 net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 4096 16384 4194304 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576 net.ipv4.conf.eth2.rp_filter = 2 net.ipv4.conf.eth1.rp_filter = 2 net.ipv4.conf.eth0.rp_filter = 1 针对rp_filter 部分,如果没有多张私有网卡,则不需要配置,文档ID 1286796.1 有描述。 4.7 配置/etc/pam.d/login 增加以下内容: session required pam_limits.so 4.8 配置DNS #vi /etc/resolv.conf nameserver 192.168.1.190 #vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 DNS1=192.168.1.190 配置了/etc/resolv.conf 还要在/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg- eth0 中增加DNS1=192.168.1.190 的原因是,如果不配置后者,在OS 重启后, resolv.conf 中配置的nameserver 信息会自动丢失 4.9 修改时间同步方式 (1)vi /etc/ntp.conf #增加下面内容 Server 192.168.1.190 (2)Vi /etc/sysconfig/ntpd OPTIONS="-u ntp:ntp -p /var/run/ntpd.pid -g" 修改成 OPTIONS="-x -u ntp:ntp -p /var/run/ntpd.pid -g" #chkconfig ntpd on #service ntpd restart 4.10 修改nsswitch.conf nsswitch.conf 保存的是域名检索顺序。在一些系统配置中,NIS(Network Information System)可能会引起SCAN 域名解析异常。为了避免这种问题的发生,对nsswitch.conf 做如下调整。 #vi /etc/nsswitch.conf 修改行 hosts: files dns 为 hosts: files dns nis 4.10 配置NOZEROCONF vi /etc/sysconfig/network 增加以下内容 NOZEROCONF=yes 4.11 配置互信 方法 快递客服问题件处理详细方法山木方法pdf计算方法pdf华与华方法下载八字理论方法下载 :使用sshUserSetup.sh 快速创建互信 sshUserSetup.sh 在GI 安装介质解压缩后的oui/prov/resources/scripts 目录 下。 下面两条命令在一个节点上执行即可(可以在root 用户下执行): #./sshUserSetup.sh -user grid -hosts "rac2 rac1" -advanced - exverify –confirm #./sshUserSetup.sh -user oracle -hosts "rac2 rac1" -advanced - exverify -confirm 5 5 、M ASM 磁盘配置部分 V 5.1 UDEV 配置asm 磁盘(两个节点都执行) (1)查出两个磁盘的UUID [root@rac1 ~]# /sbin/scsi_id -g -u -d /dev/sdb 36000c29a206f9c0ff78ea1f8b17f4c68 [root@rac1 ~]# /sbin/scsi_id -g -u -d /dev/sdc 36000c293dee9cf6e31fe7eeaf2f5bba7 (2)vi /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules KERNEL=="sdb", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted - -replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="36000c29a206f9c0ff78ea1f8b17f4c68", NAME="asm-diskb", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660" KERNEL=="sdc", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted - -replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="36000c293dee9cf6e31fe7eeaf2f5bba7", NAME="asm-diskc", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"(3)重启UDEV # /sbin/udevadm control --reload-rules #/sbin/start_udev 5.2 验证k asm disk 生成 查询asm 磁盘是否生成 #cd /dev #ls –l asm* [root@rac2 dev]# ls -l asm* brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 17 Feb 22 06:35 asm-disk1 brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 33 Feb 22 06:35 asm-disk2 5.2 修改磁盘属性 (1)修改磁盘属性 #echo deadline > /sys/block/sdb/queue/scheduler #echo deadline > /sys/block/sdc/queue/scheduler (2)验证属性修改结果: [root@rac1 dev]# more /sys/block/sdb/queue/scheduler noop anticipatory [deadline] cfq [root@rac1 dev]# more /sys/block/sdc/queue/scheduler noop anticipatory [deadline] cfq 6 6 、d grid 软件安装 6.1 检测安装环境 --全面检查: ./runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -n rac1,rac2 -verbose --检查网络和等效性 ./runcluvfy.sh comp nodecon -n rac1,rac2 -verbose [grid@rac1 grid]$ ./runcluvfy.sh comp nodecon -n rac1,rac2 -verbose Verifying Node Connectivity ... Verifying Hosts File ... Node Name Status ------------------------------------ ------------------------ rac1 passed rac2 passed Verifying Hosts File ...PASSED Interface information for node "rac1" Name IP Address Subnet Gateway Def. Gateway HW Address MTU ------ --------------- --------------- --------------- ----------- ---- ----------------- ------ eth0 192.168.2.191 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.2 00:0C:29:7E:7E:8E 1500 eth1 10.1.1.191 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.2 00:0C:29:7E:7E:98 1500 eth2 10.1.1.192 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.2 00:0C:29:7E:7E:A2 1500 Interface information for node "rac2" Name IP Address Subnet Gateway Def. Gateway HW Address MTU ------ --------------- --------------- --------------- ----------- ---- ----------------- ------ eth0 192.168.2.193 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.2 00:0C:29:4D:85:CF 1500 eth1 10.1.1.193 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.2 00:0C:29:4D:85:D9 1500 eth2 10.1.1.194 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.2 00:0C:29:4D:85:E3 1500 Node Name IP Address Subnet MTU -------- ------- ------------ ------------ ------------- rac1 eth0 192.168.2.191 192.168.2.0 1500 rac2 eth0 192.168.2.193 192.168.2.0 1500 Node Name IP Address Subnet MTU -------- -------- ------------ ------------ ------------ rac1 eth1 10.1.1.191 10.1.1.0 1500 rac1 eth2 10.1.1.192 10.1.1.0 1500 rac2 eth1 10.1.1.193 10.1.1.0 1500 rac2 eth2 10.1.1.194 10.1.1.0 1500 Verifying Check that maximum (MTU) size packet goes through subnet ...PASSED Verifying Node Connectivity ...PASSED Verifying Multicast check ...PASSED Verification of node connectivity was successful. CVU operation performed: node connectivity Date: Feb 22, 2016 8:17:50 PM CVU home: /dba/soft/grid/ User: grid 6.2 安装GI (Grid Infrastructure ) ./gridSetup.sh Scan name 需要和/etc/hosts 中的scan 名称一致,否则会报下面错误: ins-40718 single client access name(scan):XXclustername could not be如果选择flex,必须3 块磁盘,以及剩余空间36352MB 以上,如下图所示: [grid@rac1 tmp]$ crs_stat -t Name Type Target State Host ------------------------------------------------------------ ora....SM.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1 ora....ER.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1 ora....AF.lsnr ora....er.type OFFLINE OFFLINE ora....N1.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE ONLINE rac2 ora....N2.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1 ora....N3.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1 ora.MGMTLSNR ora....nr.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1 ora.OCR_VOT.dg ora....up.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1 ora.asm ora.asm.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1 ora.cvu ora.cvu.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1 ora.gns ora.gns.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1 ora.gns.vip ora....ip.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1 ora.ioserver ora....er.type OFFLINE OFFLINE ora.mgmtdb ora....db.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1 ora....network ora....rk.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1 ora.ons ora.ons.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1 ora.proxy_advm ora....vm.type OFFLINE OFFLINE ora.qosmserver ora....er.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1 ora....C1.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE rac1 ora.rac1.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac1 ora.rac1.vip ora....t1.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1 ora....C2.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE rac2 ora.rac2.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac2 ora.rac2.vip ora....t1.type ONLINE ONLINE rac2 ora.scan1.vip ora....ip.type ONLINE ONLINE rac2 ora.scan2.vip ora....ip.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1 ora.scan3.vip ora....ip.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1 7 、a asmca 创建其它asmdiskgroup 8 8 、e database 软件安装 #su – oracle $./runInstaller 按照上图提示,在两个节点上分别执行: ./dba/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/root.sh 9 9 、创建CDB #su - oracle $dbca 查看创建的容器数据库: SQL> select name,cdb from v$database; NAME CDB --------- --- LITESTDB YES 查看存在的插拨数据库: SQL> col pdb_name for a30 SQL> select pdb_id,pdb_name,dbid,status,creation_scn from dba_pdbs; PDB_ID PDB_NAME DBID STATUS CREATION_SCN ------ ----------------- ---------- ---------- ----------- 2 PDB$SEED 3361843 3 NORMAL 2717802 10 、创建PDB 10.1 以命令方式创建PDB $sqlplus “/as sysdba” SQL> CREATE PLUGGABLE DATABASE lipdb ADMIN USER lipdbdba IDENTIFIED BY lipdbdba STORAGE (MAXSIZE 5G MAX_SHARED_TEMP_SIZE 100M) DEFAULT TABLESPACE tbs_pdb2 DATAFILE '+DATA01' SIZE 100M AUTOEXTEND ON; Pluggable database created. 10.2 查看创建成功的PDB SQL> col pdb_name for a30 SQL> select pdb_id,pdb_name,dbid,status,creation_scn from dba_pdbs; PDB_ID PDB_NAME DBID STATUS CREATION_SCN ------ --------- ---------- -------- ------------ 3 LIPDB 182063881 NEW 3294239 2 PDB$SEED 3361843 3 NORMAL 2717802