2012江苏高考语文栟茶中学临考模拟题5月份

2012江苏高考语文栟茶中学临考模拟 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 5月份 2012江苏高考语文栟茶中学临考模拟题 1(下列各组词语中加点的字的读音，全都与所给注音完全相同的一组是(3分) A(薄bó 薄酒 刻薄 薄饼 日薄西山 (((( B(称chēng 称快 称道 称誉 称体裁衣 (((( C(贾gǔ 贾祸 商贾 贾侩 余勇可贾 (((( D(削xuē 削减 瘦削 削球 削足适履 (((( 参考 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 :C(A薄饼báo B 称体裁衣chèn D削球xiāo) 2(下列句子中，没有语病的一句是(3分) A(林书豪从默默无闻的龙套迅速变身为超级球星的短暂过程中，奥巴马总统一直关注这名华裔控卫，并且已经成为林书豪的狂热球迷。 B(阿盟在对叙利亚的态度上分为两派，突尼斯和以沙特为首的海合会国家坚持要求阿萨德下台，而伊拉克和黎巴嫩则坚决反对推翻阿萨德政权。 C(步入天目湖山水园景区，游客们在世外桃源般的乡村田园，领略完全不同的江南乡土风情和特色民居建筑。 D(1972年中美两国领导人共同商定的《上海公报》，为40年后、甚至未来的中美关系定下了扩大共识、承认分歧、加强合作的准则。 参考答案:B(A结构混乱，改为“在林书豪„„的过程中”;C搭配不当，“领略”和“民居建筑”不能搭配;D语序不当，“承认分歧”和“扩大共识”位置应该互换。) 3(下文对《清明上河图》所绘是“清明时节”提出了异议，请概括提出异议的三个角度，不超过20字。(4分) 清明时节黄河中下游地区平均气温一般在10度左右～但画中却有很多带着扇子的人物～还有光着身子的小孩在街上玩耍。再进一步细察～还可以看到在画卷的右首有驮木炭的驴子～如果清明前后进暖炉炭～则违背宋人生活的一般规律。画面上还有多处酒肆～酒旗上写着“新酒”二字～宋代秋季新谷下来要酿酒喜庆丰收～此酒谓之“新酒”。 参考答案:人物穿着特征;生活习俗;新酒酿成季节。(4分，1点1分，2点3分，3点4分) 4(今年是中国共产主义青年团成立90周年，在纪念大会上，胡锦涛总书记希望广大青年一定要牢记“忧劳兴国、逸豫亡身”的道理。 (1)“忧劳兴国、逸豫亡身”出自哪位作家的哪篇作品,(2) (2)学校的网站开辟了“‘五四’回音壁”专栏。请你在上面简短留言，不超过40字，至少运用一种修辞手法，力求有文采。(3分) 参考答案: (1)欧阳修《伶官传序》 (2)示例:五四是火炬，指引前进方向;五四是号角，激励青年斗志;五四是should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 警钟，提醒历史使命。 二、文言文阅读(19分) 阅读下面的文言文，完成5,8题。 裴炎，字子隆，绛州闻喜人。宽厚，寡言笑，有奇节。高宗幸东都，留皇太子京师，以炎调护。帝不豫，太子监国，诏炎与刘齐贤、郭正一于东宫平章政事，及大渐，受遗辅太子，是为中宗。 中宗欲以后父韦玄贞为侍中及授乳媪子五品官，炎固执不从，帝怒曰:“我意让国与玄贞，岂不可,何惜侍中邪,”炎惧，因与武后谋废帝，后命炎、刘祎之勒兵入宫，宣太后令，扶帝下殿，帝曰:“我何罪,”后曰:“以天下与玄贞，安得无罪,”乃废帝为卢陵王，更立豫王为皇帝。以定策功，封永清县男。 后已持政，稍自肆，于是武承嗣请立七庙，追王其先，炎谏曰:“太后天下母，以盛德( 临朝，不宜追王祖考，示自私，且独不见吕氏事乎,”后曰:“吕氏之王，权属生人，今追崇先世，在亡迹异，安得同哉～”炎曰:“蔓草难图，渐不可长。”后不悦而罢。承嗣又讽太(后诛韩王元嘉、鲁王灵夔，以绝宗室望，刘祎之、韦仁约畏默不敢言，炎独固争，后愈衔怒。未几，赐爵河东县侯。 豫王虽为帝，未尝省天下事。炎谋乘太后出游龙门，以兵执之，还政天子。会久雨，太后不出而止。徐敬业兵兴，后议讨之，炎曰:“天子年长矣，不豫政，故竖子有辞。今若复(子明辟，贼不讨而解。”御史崔詧曰:“炎受顾托，身总大权，闻乱不讨，乃请太后归政，此必有异图。”后乃捕炎送诏狱，遣御史大夫骞味道、御史鱼承晔参鞫之。凤阁侍郎胡元范曰:“炎社稷臣，有功于国，悉心事上，天下所知，臣明其不反。”纳言刘齐贤、左卫率蒋俨继辩之，后曰:“炎反有端，顾卿未知耳。”元范、齐贤曰:“若炎反，臣辈亦反矣。”后曰:“朕( 知炎反，卿辈不反。”遂斩于都亭驿。 炎被劾，或勉其逊辞，炎曰:“宰相下狱，理不可全。”卒不折节。籍其家，无儋石之赢。 (选自《新唐书?裴炎传》，有删节) 5.对下列句子中加点的词的解释，不正确的一项是( ) A(后已持政，稍自肆 肆:放纵 ( B(承嗣又讽太后诛韩王元嘉、鲁王灵夔 讽:劝谏 ( C(天子年长矣，不豫政，故竖子有辞 辞:借口 ( D(炎反有端，顾卿未知耳 顾:考虑 ( 答案:D顾:只是 6.下列句子中，全都直接表现裴炎刚直不屈的一组是( ) ?宽厚，寡言笑，有奇节 ?刘祎之、韦仁约畏默不敢言，炎独固争 ?若炎反，臣辈亦反矣 ?蔓草难图，渐不可长 ?炎谋乘太后出游龙门，以兵执之，还政天子 ?宰相下狱，理不可全 A(??? B(??? C(??? D(??? 答案:B ??错 7.下列对原文有关内容的 分析 定性数据统计分析pdf销售业绩分析模板建筑结构震害分析销售进度分析表京东商城竞争战略分析 和概括，不正确的一项是( ) A(唐高宗晚年，裴炎特别受到信任和倚重。唐高宗病重，裴炎奉诏协助太子处理日常政务;唐高宗临死，裴炎受遗诏辅政。 B(唐中宗登基后，想要提拔自己的岳父韦玄贞为侍中及授给自己乳母儿子五品官，裴炎坚决不肯从命。 C(徐敬业起兵造反，裴炎曾企图发动兵变推翻武则天为内应;后因下了很多天的雨，武则should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 天没出皇宫而作罢。 D(裴炎被弹劾逮捕下狱后，刘齐贤、蒋俨为他辩解，但武后坚持认为裴炎谋反，最终在都亭驿杀了裴炎。 答案:C“徐敬业起兵造反”在后，并非“为内应”。 8.把文言文阅读材料中画线的句子翻译成现代汉语。 (1)炎惧，因与武后谋废帝，后命炎、刘祎之勒兵入宫。 译文: (2)不宜追王祖考，示自私，且独不见吕氏事乎, 译文: (3)炎社稷臣，有功于国，悉心事上，天下所知，臣明其不反。 译文: (1)(3分)裴炎感到担忧，便与武后谋划废掉皇帝，武后命令裴炎、刘祎之带兵入宫。(“因”“勒”各1分，句意1分) (2)(3分)不应当追封祖父、父亲为王，显示自私，况且难道没看到吕氏失败的事吗～(“王”，“祖考”，“独”各1分) (3)(4分)裴炎是国家大臣，对国家有功，一心侍奉皇上，天下人都知道，我知道他不会谋反。(“悉”“事”各1分，两个句式各1分) 参考译文 参考译文: 裴炎，字子隆，是绛州闻喜县人。性情宽厚，很少谈笑，有奇特的节操。高宗前往东都，留皇太子在京师，让裴炎辅佐。皇帝有病，太子监国，下诏裴炎和刘齐贤、郭正一在东宫商量处理政事，等到皇帝病危，接受遗命辅佐太子，就是唐中宗。 中宗想要任命皇后的父亲韦玄贞为侍中并授予乳母的儿子五品官，裴炎坚持不同意，皇帝发怒说:“我即使有意把国家让给韦玄贞，难道又有什么不可以,为什么要吝啬侍中这一职位呢,”裴炎感到担忧，便与武后谋划废掉皇帝，武后命令裴炎、刘祎之带兵入宫，宣布武后命令，扶皇帝下殿，皇帝说:“我有什么罪,”武后说:“将天下交给韦玄贞，难道没有罪吗,”便废皇帝为庐陵王，改立豫王为皇帝。裴炎因为制定谋策的功劳，封永清县男。 武后执政后，逐渐放纵，于是武承嗣请求建立七庙，追封自己的父祖为王，裴炎上谏说:“太后是天下的母亲，以盛德临朝听政，不应当追封祖父、父亲为王，显示自私，况且难道没看到吕氏失败的事吗～”武后说:“吕氏的封王，是将权力交给活人，如今我追封的是祖先，存亡互异，怎能相提并论呢～”裴炎说:“蔓草难以对付，不可任它萌芽生长。”武后不高兴而作罢。武承嗣又劝说太后诛杀汉王李元嘉、鲁王李灵夔，以断绝李唐宗族的希望，刘祎之、韦仁约畏惧沉默不敢说话，唯独裴炎坚持争执，武后愈加愤恨。不久，赐爵河东县侯。 豫王虽然是皇帝，不曾处理天下事务。裴炎谋划趁太后出游龙门时，派兵拘捕她，将国政归还天子。正值久雨，太后不出游而停止此事。徐敬业起兵，太后提议讨伐他，裴炎说:“天子长大了，不参与国政，因此小人有借口。如今假如还给儿子明君之政，逆贼不用征讨就会自行瓦解。”御史崔詧曰:“裴炎受先帝顾命之托，大权在手，听说叛乱不去征讨，却请求太后归还国政，此中必定有异图。”太后便拘捕裴炎押送诏狱，派遣御史大夫骞味道、御史鱼承晔共同审讯他。凤阁侍郎胡元范曰:“裴炎是国家大臣，对国家有功，一心侍奉皇上，天下人都知道，我知道他不会谋反。” 纳言刘齐贤、左卫率蒋俨相继为他辩解，太后说:“裴炎谋反已有端倪，只是卿等不知道罢了。” 胡元范、刘齐贤说:“如果裴炎能谋反，我们也能谋反了。”武后说:“我知道裴炎谋反，你们不谋反。”便在都亭驿杀了裴炎。 裴炎被弹劾时，有人劝他说些恭顺的话，裴炎说:“宰相下狱，没有自我保全的道理。”最should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 终不屈服。官府抄没他的家财，没有一石粮食的积蓄。 三、古诗词鉴赏(10分) 9(阅读下面这首宋诗，然后回答问题。 春 残 陆游 石镜山前送落晖，春残回首倍依依。 时平壮士无功老，乡远征人有梦归。 苜蓿苗侵官道合，芜菁花入麦畦稀。 倦游自笑摧颓甚，谁记飞鹰醉打围, ?请结合全诗赏析“依依”一词的妙处。(3分) 答案:依依，留恋不舍的样子。(1分)既有对即将逝去的大好春光的留恋，(1分)也有对时光流逝年华老去的不舍。(1分) ?“时平壮士无功老，乡远征人有梦归”两句，表达了作者什么样的思想感情,(3分) 答案:表达对南宋当权者苟求偷安不思振作的不满，(1分)抒发自己报国无门之叹和思念家乡之情。(2分) ?颈联写景很有特点，请结合诗句，作简要分析。(4分) 答案:暮春时节，苜蓿长得茂盛，侵占了官道;芜菁的黄花开了，飞入麦田渐渐消失不见。(1分)紧扣“春残”二字选取暮春季节田间的典型景物，(1分)一方面透出恬静和平的意境，另一方面又暗含一种寂寥的情绪。(2分) 四、名句名篇默写(8分) 10(补写出下列名句名篇中的空缺部分。 (1)桑之未落，其叶沃若。 ? ， ? ，(《氓》) 。 (2)金樽清酒斗十千， ? 。 (李白《行路难》) (3) ? ，然后天梯石栈相钩连。(李白《蜀道难》) (4) ? ，谁家新燕啄春泥。(白居易《钱塘湖春行》) (5)度尽劫波兄弟在， ? 。 (6)朝菌不知晦朔， ? 。(庄子《逍遥游》) (7) ? ，虽九死其犹未悔。(屈原《离骚》) 10、(1)于嗟鸠兮，无食桑葚(2)玉盘珍羞直万钱 (3)地崩山摧壮士死 (4)几处早莺争暖树 (5)相逢一笑泯恩仇(6)蟪蛄不知春秋 (7)亦余心之所善兮 北京声音 吴越 客居京城两年，印象最深刻的是北京的静。 should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 北京的静，当然不是荒凉的静。这个城市，人口数以千万，商圈喧哗，楼群生长，昼夜有航班起落。然而，所有的声息都如同碎片，顺着风，搅起一些，还没听真切，它们就低下来，着地了;所有含混的响动，像河底的泥草，像茶杯里的渣脚，微小地交织在主体的边缘，反而映衬出静的亘古远大。 北京的静，和城市地理相关。三面雄关，指缝间漏下一个平原，不接水路，气质上与山居相近。北方苦寒，气候干燥，日短夜长，并不适宜欢饮达旦。历史也为北京人留下了惯看秋月春风的稳健。年轻时爱瞎侃吹牛的，倘不是为了谋生，过一定年龄还这样，就教大家都瞧不上。皇城根下的平头百姓，基因里埋着“揣着明白装糊涂”的地线。 北京的静，使之真正成为北京。 在首都博物馆的非物质遗产展览会上，我得知有“北京声音”这一项，十分好奇。 首博一位女士托人传给我原始素材，包含二十多个各有名字的声音文件:唱京剧，二胡，蝈蝈，花鸟虫鱼市场，空竹，驴，磨剪子磨刀，清扫寺院，寺院钟声„„ 戒台寺清晨台阶上扫地的唰唰声。扫帚带过落叶，落叶是湿的吧，雾应该还没散，初日照高林。 胡同里磨剪子手艺人的吆喝。磨一阵子剪子，嚓嚓嚓，吆喝一长一短两声，手艺人说:“你先别录，你要听哪种,”又换了一种吆法，更有古意，尾音像能勾魂。又磨剪子，嚓嚓嚓。 驴拉货进城，在墙角不老实，叫唤起来。有大人带着孩子经过，孩子第一次看见驴，咯咯笑了，清脆得像两根花针掉在瓷釉上。 这些声音，每一个的寻找与录制都很不寻常。 例如鸽哨，如今踪迹难觅，如果不是有一户祖传鸽哨手艺的人家，辗转听说首都博物馆在进行声音搜集 计划 项目进度计划表范例计划下载计划下载计划下载课程教学计划下载 ，“找上门来”，这种极具京城代表性的声音也将付之阙如。 看似举手可得的，也不容易。如清晨禅寺扫阶声，得去好几个大清早，反复调试;天坛的风声，因其南侧有火车道，周围有七千多只鸟，早晨六点多就有游客，难以“提纯”„„ 声音，是形象思维之门。推开这道门，人们跨越时空，与这段声音的“生命”同在。在她的理想中，北京应该有一个“音库”，收藏古建筑的声音，民俗活动的声音，自然四季的声音。 然而，她告诉我，这项收藏并没有按计划继续下去，她为北京建一个“音库”的想法似乎也遥不可及。由于种种原因，它并没有获得足够的重视和支持。“有一些声音，前两年还有，现在也已经找不着了”。 是的，这些声音很普通，甚至卑微。微小到没有谁觉得要把它们留下来，珍藏之。它们默默地来，默默地走，正如产生它们的市井生活，正如与它们相伴的、多半不会在历史留名的普通人们。有什么必要，为普通到几乎无人察觉的存在与消失的历史立志呢, should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 可是，当它们如缕地消失，记忆便失去了依傍。 也或许，这些曾经的声音，都已归还给了大历史，无声地滋养着北京的静。 11.文章开头为什么要写北京的“静”,(4分) 12.文中所写“北京声音”有哪些特点,请简要概括。(6分) 13.作者在文中说:“可是，当它们如缕地消失，记忆便失去了依傍。”这句话的含义如何理解,(4分) 14.试根据文章内容探究作者在文中表达的情感态度。(6分) 参考答案: 11.以写“静”来衬托北京气势的恢宏和积淀的深厚(2分)，为下文写“北京声音”作铺垫(2分)。 12(普通(“甚至卑微”亦可，2分);丰富多样(“反映北京的市井生活”亦可，2分);正在消失(“将付之阙如”亦可，2分)。 13.“北京声音”是北京文化存在的历史证据(2分);随着“北京声音”的不断消失，北 京文化历史中的相应部分也就没有了依靠和证明(2分)。 14.作者喜爱北京文化;对收集“北京声音”的做法充满敬意(“赞同”亦可);对北京声音得不到珍藏表示遗憾(“提出批评”亦可);对北京声音的消失既有不舍和无奈，也有理解和释然。(6分，每点2分，答满3点得满分) 论述类文本阅读(18分) 阅读下面的文字，回答15-17题。 标准的标准 止 庵 一百年前诺贝尔文学奖刚刚设立时，大概束曹料到，如今竟有这么大的声誉，这么高的 地位。我们简直要把它当做在世界范围内评衡某一作家文学成就的最终标准。 诺贝尔本人最初提出“富有理想的倾向’，显然想确立一个标准，好像也颇有几位作家(托尔斯泰、勃兰兑斯和易卜生等)因此而没能入选;但是这标准终于执行不下去了，或者评委也意识到，继续这样不啻是奖项本身的自杀。萨特一九六四年拒绝获奖，理由据说是抗议只发给西方作家和东方的叛逆作家。他似乎发should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation 现一项规律，也就是看到一条标准，可第二年为肖洛霍夫所得，这规律或标准也就落了空。九十年代，西方的左翼作家频频得奖，简直是有意反其道而行之了，当然也不能算有了什么标准。惟一可以视为标准的，就是只授予尚且健在的作家，虽然也有二两次例外，而对于活着的众多作家来说，这样的标准等于没有标准。 正因为诺贝尔奖缺乏标准，我们(瑞典文学院的十八位院士除外)对它总是一则以慕，一则以怨。常常抱怨某甲应该得而未得，某乙不该得而得了;这时那些评委被视为昏庸之辈，板上钉钉的事情他们都看不清楚。二十世纪最有成就的作家，得奖的有不少，这足以保障该奖项的权威性;遗漏的也很多，卡夫卡，穆齐尔和布尔加科夫这样身后名声大噪者倒也罢了，乔依斯，纳博科夫、博尔赫斯和卡尔维诺等则实在说不过去。可是我们并不因此就放弃或降低对谊奖的崇尚，这大概是慕与怨之外，又一则以恕也。都说逸不是前述作家的遗憾，而是诺贝尔奖本身的遗憾。 这里可以顺便一提中国人的“诺贝尔情结”，其实谊奖只授予个人，并非授予国家，所以这种情结(无论怨怼也好，希冀也好)根本不能成立。拿我们的作家和上面提到的几位比一下，谁更该表示不满呢?迄今获得诺贝尔奖的作家可以大致分为三类。第一类名符其实。第二类名不符实。严格说来，诺贝尔奖授予这两类作家，对读者都没有太大意义。想读的照样读，不想读的照样不读。这里第一类作家，实际上等同于前述那些该得而未得奖的作家;第二类作家，则不过是花名册上的一些填错了的名字，是诺贝尔奖百年史上的疏忽、差错，抑或玩笑而已。第三类有实而少名或无名，因为得到这个奖，从而名符其实。无论如何，诺贝尔奖很出名。它在确认作家价值的同时，也把他们郑重推荐给读者，提示他们其实具有与第一类作家相等的地位。特别是来自某些相对弱小或相对偏僻国度的作家，如果没有诺贝尔奖得主这块招牌，我们不光没有机会读到他们的书，就连他们的名字都很难知道。所以诺贝尔奖的真正意义，恐怕还在扩大视野方面。 一百年来，诺贝尔奖时而令人满意，时而令人失望，始终也没有成为理想的化身。曾有上帝造人一说，为什么既造美人又造丑人呢，因为上帝无所不能;君临人间报评委如此行事，正是对上帝的某种模仿，二者都有恃无恐，、因为无论上帝还是诺贝尔奖都是惟一的。 2000年10月6日 should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation (本文有删节) 15，。“标准的标准”的具体含义是什么?(6分) 答: 16(从第四段看，作者说中国人的“诺贝尔情结”不能成立，有什么依据?(6分) 答: 17(依据文意，说说你对文中画线句子的理解。(6分) 答: 参考答案: 15(第一个“标准”指的是诺贝尔文学奖;第二个“标准”指的是诺贝尔文学奖的评奖标准;“标准的标准”是指诺贝尔文学奖多年来其实没有明确的评选标准。(6分) 16(诺贝尔文学奖只授予个人，不授予国家;中国的作家与国际上的著名作家相比尚有差距;诺贝尔文学奖的真正意义可能在于扩大视野。(6分，每点2分) 17(像上帝造美人也造丑人一样，评委们授奖给名符其实的作品，也授奖给名不符实的作品;把诺贝尔文学奖的评委和上帝作类比，也是对评委的委婉讽刺。(6分) should be dealt with by the personnel Department of the company. (3) personal injury accident occurs, the direct punishment 500-1000, who is directly responsible for the accident responsibility, give notice of criticism and 50-100 economic sanctions against them. (4) to conceal the accident, reported without undue delay or false, to inform the administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment. (5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation