五、翻译的要素和叛逆

nullChapter Five Factors &Treason of TranslationChapter Five Factors &Treason of TranslationnullI. Review and Homework Discussion II. Factors of Translation III. Treason of Translation IV. Summary V. AssignmentsTeaching ProceduresnullI. Review and Homework Checking 1. The process of translation Understanding Expressing Revising 2. The principles of translation Yan Fu’s “three-character guide” The highest and lowest criteria The same feeling Unqualified translation How to achieve Reasons for failureCharacteristicsnullI. Review and Homework Checking What are the highest and lowest criteria for translation? The highest standard: the same meaning the same style the smoothness. The lowest standard: the same meaning and smoothness. 达意、传 神 、入化the same feelingnullII. The Factors of Translation1. What are the three factors in translation? a) meaning transference b) acceptability c) similarity (Explanation omitted.)nullII. The Factors of Translation2. What does “meaning transference (传意性)” refer to? It means to convey________________ of the original work in the target language, which can make the readers get the information that is ____________________. Translating means translating____________.the meaningin the source languagemeaningnullII. The Factors of Translation3. How should we do in order to make our translation transfer the meaning? the original work: understanding fully ( ) understanding super-facial meaning( ) understanding the deep meaning( ) 2) the translated version: to meet the idiomatic usage of the target language ( ) to meet the idiomatic usage of the source language( )TFTTFnullII. The Factors of Translationa）high tea： 英国人下午五六点钟吃的茶点 海象： walrus （sea-elephant） b）If the management provides pleasant background music and beautifies the dull setting, the factory will be much productive. 如果厂方播放悦耳的音乐， 美化一下单调的环境， 工厂的生产效 率就可以大大提高。 c） This is a bad day. 我今天忙得不可开交。（今天是个坏日子。） d） 他买了车， 两个星期就把本子拿下来了。 He bought a car and got his license in two weeks. e) Betty cooked her goose when she cheated in the exam. 贝蒂因考试作弊而葬送了前途。 f) 我不会说话， 真对不起。 I shouldn’t have said that, I am so sorry. nullII. The Factors of Translation4. What is acceptability? ( Refer to the textbook P61-67.) It refers to whether the readers of _____________ understands your translation or not, whether your translation is _________ to understand.the target languageeasynullII. The Factors of Translation5. What are the causes that lead to poor acceptability in translation? a) the language itself being limited by the form of the original work translating word for word difficult to understand unable to express the exact meaning of the original worknullII. The Factors of Translationi) This is a fine kettle of fish! I forgot my book. 真糟糕我的书忘了带来了！ ii) He is a big eater. (He is a man with a big stomach.) 他是个大肚汉。 iii) 旗人 (banner-man): Manchu people iv)玉皇大帝 (god) Jade Emperor: nullII. The Factors of Translationb. cultural factors interlingual communication intercultural communication=nullII. The Factors of Translation Good Friday 耶苏受难日 white elephant 华而不实、累赘之物 王工（王工程师）: Mr. Wang/Mrs. Wang, the engineer 李老师 Mr. Li, Mrs. Li, Miss Li sleep as sound as a log: 睡得很香 drowned as wet as a rat: 浇/湿的象落汤鸡 您要买什么?： What can I do for you?/Can I help you? （What do you want to buy?） nullII. The Factors of Translationc. allusion (间接提到) or literary quotation (典故) i．armed to the teeth: 武装到牙齿 部队已做好了战斗准备。 ii．bear one’s own cross: 忍受痛苦， 蒙受灾难 eg. We didn't know the cheerful woman was bearing her own cross, a son in prison. 我们并不知道这个面带悦色的女人的心里正忍受着儿子入狱的痛苦。 iii．bury the hatchet： 埋起战斧 “停战； 化干戈为玉帛”nullII. The Factors of Translation6.How to improve the acceptability in your translation? i）In case of fire, use stairs. Don’t use the elevator. ii) 买一， 送一。 iii) 立交桥： iv) 集装箱： meet the need of the idiomatic usage 如遇火灾， 请走（用）楼梯， 勿乘（用）电梯。Buy one get one free. ( If you buy one, we’ll give you another.) overpass /fly-overcontainer nullII. The Factors of Translationv) 全脂奶粉： powered whole milk vi) 批发市场： wholesale market vii) Grand Opening： 开业大吉 9) Listening to classical music is my cup of tea. 古典音乐我最爱听。 10）Necessity is the mother of invention. 因为需要才会有发明。（需要是成功之母。） 11) Come to see me whenever you need my help. 有事只管来找我。 12) So it is now or never. 好（快来买呀，） 过了这个村就没这个店了。nullII. The Factors of Translation4) What is similarity? Similarity refers to keeping the original meaning of the source language in the target language, _______the same, not _________the same because it is not easy or impossible to keep ____________in meaning, expression and etc. We should try to keep ________in translation in the following aspects: content, form, type of writing and style. Similarity should subject to ___________________and________________. nearlyexactlythe samesimilarmeaning transferenceacceptabilitynullII. The Factors of TranslationIs your manager available now? 你们经理在吗？（你们经理可得到吗？） Are you a father? 你当爸爸了吧？（你是父亲吗？/你有孩子吗？） Thank you for not smoking. 请勿吸烟， 谢谢。（谢谢你不吸烟。）nullIII. The Treason of Translation 无意性叛逆 有意性叛逆源于误解、疏漏及译笔过于拘谨或过于自由 nullIII. The Treason of Translation 1）权宜性叛逆：源于翻译难度较 大、自身能力有限 有意性叛逆“跳”：回避 “减码”： 最常见的是改变原作的体裁“跳”或“减码” nullIII. The Treason of Translation2）策略性叛逆:源于受意识形态的制约------要考 虑 译入国的主导 意识，考虑“赞助人”的意 愿要求，考虑译文读者的情趣和接受力。 统治者用以维护统治的手段 文人学者用以表达意识形态的工具 “ 译述法 （夹译夹作、改译改作）” “删除”或“淡化” 有意性叛逆 nullIII. The Treason of Translation3）关照性叛逆: 对译文读者的关照 “明晰化”处理4) 创造性叛逆：译者在语言层面对译文所做的 “脱胎换骨”性的转化处理。 将“ 规范 编程规范下载gsp规范下载钢格栅规范下载警徽规范下载建设厅规范下载 自然的原文”转换为“规范自然的译文” “以变应变”nullIV. Summary The Factors of Translation meaning transference acceptability similarity II. The Treason of TranslationnullV. AssignmentsWrite your ideas about the treason of translation on the teaching platform. Finish the handouts .nullVI. References for Further Reading1.桂乾元. 《翻译学导论》. [m]. 上海外语教育出版社.2003 2. 孙致礼. 《新编英汉翻译教程》. [m]. 上海外语教育出版 社.2003 null