写作评分标准

null Writing (CET4) Writing (CET4) null 1.四级作文的写作 标准 excel标准偏差excel标准偏差函数exl标准差函数国标检验抽样标准表免费下载红头文件格式标准下载 1. 语法、拼写和标点正确，用词恰当； 2. 合理组织文章结构，内容统一、连贯； 3. 遵循特定的文体格式（如 书 关于书的成语关于读书的排比句社区图书漂流公约怎么写关于读书的小报汉书pdf 信等）； 4. 根据写作目的和读者对象，恰当选用语言（如business letter & personal letter.） null四级写作的行文要求 1） 切 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 ：统一，无不相关细节内容； 　　 2） 条理清楚：连贯、和谐 - 注意衔接语的使用； 3） 简洁：句子要简练； 4） 准确：减少语法错误，符合英语的 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 达习惯， 避免汉语式英语； 5）语言：语言上，很关键的一点在于变化，变化不分难易，只要有变化就行。变化分为词的变化、句的变化。在用词上，同一文章中，相同意义的词要争取不断的用近义词替换。null6． 卷面：整洁 因网上阅卷，需要先把卷子内容扫描到电脑上，故建议大家用黑色笔。蓝色笔的扫描效果不好。 格式上，如用齐头式（即所有段落的首行都在左边顶格），段落中间最好空行。 字要写得大且端正。 四级写作的篇幅要求 　　 1. 篇幅：120字左右 (达不到字数要求会酌情扣1-5分）； 90-99 扣1分，80-90扣2分，70-79扣3分，60-69扣5分； 2． 布局：至少三段式 只写一段为0-4分，只写两段0-9分； null * The basic requirements 1) Sentence unity (There is only one main idea in a sentence, and that idea is complete.） 句子的整体性或者统一性（一个句子，无论长句还是短句，只能有一个完整的中心思想，表达一层基本意思，不要把无关的思想包含在同一个句子中） null2) Sentence Coherence 句子的连贯性 Coherence means clear and correct arrangement of the parts of a sentence（是指用最完美的形式排列句子的各个部分，从而使句子中心突出、措辞协调。句子的连贯还包括句子修饰语的位置要恰当，指代要清楚，比较要明确。） Example: She is charming, intelligent, and a very capable lady.  *Everyone is studying English in our classroom.  *My hometown is closer to Nanjing than Dalian. nullc) Sentence conciseness 句意简洁、明快 Avoiding wordiness and unnecessary repetition. d) Sentence variety 句子的多样化 同一句式的句子会使文章单调乏味，句子的结构形式是多种多样的，切忌一 ”I” 或一 “We” 到底的文章。 好文章需适当的句式变化、长短句交错来提高文章的档次。最好每段出现一个有把握的长句，以赢得高分。 backnull 2 作文评分原则 1). 作文题采用总体评分(Global Scoring)方法。阅卷人员就总的印象给出奖励分,而不是按语言点的错误数目扣分。 2).从内容和语言两个方面对作文进行综合评判。 (是否切题，是否用英语清楚而确切地表达思想。) 3).避免趋中倾向。该给高分的给高分，包括满分；该给低分的给低分，包括0分，一名阅卷人员在所阅的全部作文卷中不应只给中间的几种分数。null3． 评分标准： 　　2分--- 条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误,但多数为严重错误； 　　5分- 基本切题。表达思想不清楚，连贯性差。有较多的严重语言错误； 　　8分- 基本切题。有些地方表达思想不过清楚，文字勉强连贯；语言错误相当多，其中有一些是严重错误； 　　11分- 切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误； 　　 14分- 切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性较好。基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错误。 null [注：] 1) 如题目中给出主题句，起始句，结束句，均不计入字数; 2) 杜绝一段或两段论 3）我们的目标：保11，争14； 杜绝8分和5分档 backnull 分析 定性数据统计分析pdf销售业绩分析模板建筑结构震害分析销售进度分析表京东商城竞争战略分析 1： 09年6月四级作文“Free Admission to Museums” 1.越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？ 2.也会带来一些问题； 3.你的看法？ 破题、解题：如果第二段我们描述完问题，立即转入议论段发表看法，文章就会缺乏连贯性。按照常识，我们用一承上启下的词自然过渡到议论更符合我们的思维习惯。nullNowadays, an increasing number of museums are open to the public with free admission. The reason for it lies in the fact that the government has been attaching great importance to provide more opportunities for citizens to explore and get access to the knowledge world. However, free admission to museums may bring some problems as well. For one thing, with more visitors, there is possibility that displays of the museums can get damaged more easily. For another, it becomes a huge economic burden for museums to run as usual without any profits from the visitors. As far as I am concerned, I am absolutely in favor of this practice. First and foremost, not worrying about the admission fees, most ordinary people will enter the museums to enjoy the displays freely. Moreover, kids and teenagers can learn a lot things in a more vivid and interactive way in the museums. null Though problems are obvious, there is no denying that free admission to museums is a good policy for the public. As long as we rack our minds, ways of settling the existing and latent problems will be found. In a word, I’m strongly in favor of this practice. null对考试有明显用处的有: a) listing *First/firstly, second/secondly, third/thirdly, finally/at last *To begin with, another point is/then, at last *First of all, in addition/moreover/besides, at last *For one thing, for another, still another *Some, others, still othersnullb) Comparison and contrast * Similarity in the same way, similarly, likewise * Contrast Although, but, however, in contrast, nevertheless, on the contrary, on the other hand, still, unlike, yet, instead…nullc) Cause and effect Reason (as, because, for, for that reason, since …) Result (accordingly, as a result, consequently, hence, so, so … that, then , therefore, thus …) E.g. Why college students take a part time job? (money; to gain more experience from society; opportunity to know the outside world and prepare for a better future career)nulld) Illustration and examples As we know, fake commodities have done great harm to both consumers and the society. For example, the fake medicine and the fake alcohol have caused many innocent people dead. The fake machine and household apparatus have caused many accidents. It is a great waste of money to the society. It’s also unfair for the real manufacturers and producers. Therefore, we should resist them and try our best to get all fake commodities out of the society. null4.3 Writing Concluding Sentences a) By using the signal words and phrases (In conclusion; It can be concluded that; To sum up; In a word; To sum up in one word; In all; etc.) b) By using the evaluating sentences to value and comment the central idea nullc) Useful Words for Concluding Sentencesbacknull需要记的常用句子如： 1）表比较 　　1.The advantages far outweigh the disadvantages. 　　2.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B. 　 3.A and B have several points in common. 　　4.A bears some resemblances to B. 　 5. A and B differ in several ways. 　　6. Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects. 　　null　2)原因 　　 　　1. A number of factors might contribute to (lead to )(account for ) the phenomenon (problem). 　　2. The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that... 　　 3. The change in ...largely results from the fact that... 　　4. We may blame ...,but the real causes are... 　　 　　 5. Part of the explanations for it is that ... 　 6. One of the most common factors (causes ) is that ... 　　Another contributing factor(起作用的因素） (cause ) is ... 　　 7. Perhaps the primary factor is that … 　　But the fundamental cause is that ... null　4)举例 　1) A good case in point is… （恰当的例子是... ） 　2) As an illustration, we may take ... 　3) ...is often cited as an example 5)证明 　1) No one can deny the fact that ... 　2) Unfortunately, none of the available data shows ... 　3) Recent studies indicate that ... 　4) There is sufficient evidence to show that ... 　5) According to statistics proved by ..., it can be seen that ... null　6)开篇 1) Many nations have been faced with the problem of ... 2) Recently the phenomenon has become a heated topic. 3) Recently the issue has aroused great concern among ... 4) Nowadays there is a growing concern over ... 5) Never in our history has the idea that ... been so popular. 6) Faced with ..., quite a few people argue that ... 7) According to a recent survey, ... 9) With the rapid development of ..., ... null7)结尾 1) From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that ... 2) It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop ... 3) There is no easy method, but ...might be of some help. 4) To solve the above-mentioned problems, we must ... 5) In summary, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned issue, more problems will crop up. null 6) With the efforts of all parts concerned, the problem will be solved thoroughly. 7) Taking all these into account, we ... 建议：多读多背----尤其是背诵典型的句子和范文模式是突击作文的灵丹妙药。 null 如遇到题目后不知写什么，脑子卡住时怎么办？ a）头脑风暴 瞎写，有什么写什么，然后从中挑出有用的内容 b）提问 提一些和这个主题有关的问题（what，when, how, where等），回答这些问题，就有了内容可写。 C）写出几个关键词，再拓展为句子和段落 Putting down all the relevant facts. backnull6. Beginning, Body and the Ending patterns 6.1 Beginning Writing (A good beginning is half done.) Basic structures to remember: *When it comes to …, some people think that …, others think/believe that the opposite/reverse is true. There is probably some truth in both arguments, but … (“Free Admission to Museums”) *With the prompt/rapid development/improvement of …, more and more people believe that … nullBasic structures to remember: *When asked about …, the majority of/many/quite a few people say/think/believe/ argue/state that …, but others regard/ consider/ think of/view/claim …as … 2008年12月四级作文 （Disposable Plastic Bags） 1. 一次性塑料袋的使用 2. 使用一次性塑料袋带来的问题 3. 限制使用一次性塑料袋的意义 2008年6月四级作文 （Recreational activities） 1. 娱乐活动多种多样 2. 娱乐活动可能使人们受益，也可能有危害性 3. 作为大学生我的看法 nullBasic structures to remember *With … playing an increasingly important role in …, more and more people believe that … (PC) *In recent/past/few years, there is a sharp/remarkable/sudden/ marked/dramatic/steady/gradual/slight rise/increase/growth/jump /decrease/decline/drop/fluctuation in the number of population/ percentage/proportion… (Accidents in a Chinese City ) Recently, there is a general/widely-held/widespread attitude/trend/awareness/realization/belief that … nullBasic structures to remember *Recently, the most dangerous thing for our nation/life/society is the trend of …, which is apparent/obvious/under way/ in … *Until recently/for years … was/has been considered/regarded as …, but things are just opposite/quite different now/people are taking a fresh look at it now. *Now, it is commonly believed /accepted /recognized /acknowledged that … They claim that …, but I wonder/doubt *It is reported by a recent/official/new/authoritative study/poll research/survey that …null6.2 Body Writing (Body to a paragraph is backbone to a person.) 1）Basic structures to remember (body 1) The increase in … is due to the fact that …(air-conditioner, copper) One of the reasons given for … is that …What is also worth noticing is that … (Accidents in a Chinese City) There are a variety of reasons for this dramatic growth in …First, …Second, …Finally, … (real estate, steel, )nullBody (2) No one can deny the fact that … Why are/is/do/did …? For one thing, … For another, …, Still another … There are numerous reasons why …, and I’ll here explore only a few of the important ones. (Accidents in a Chinese City) A multitude of factors could account for/contribute to the change in ... To …, there are at least three things we can do. As a matter of fact… (As a matter of fact, it is health that counts.) As the old saying goes, “Honesty is the best policy”. null**Analyzing the reason and effect *There are a number of reasons for…and among them…is the most important one. * The reasons can be listed as follows. * What possibly contributes to the problem is that… * The primary reason for… is that… * …is chiefly/partially responsible for the problem * Quite a number of reasons lead to… null**Putting forward methods of solving problems * Perhaps the best way to solve this problem is to… * Many workable solutions have been found to deal with this… * Here are some suggestions that we should…, firstly…secondly… * My suggestion is that… null6.3. Ending Writing (A good ending to a paragraph is clothes to a person.) Basic structures for ending (1) From what has been discussed above/Taking into account of all these factors/Judging for all evidence offered, we may safely arrive at the conclusion that … In conclusion, I’d like to say that it seems obvious … is a question that deserves special attention from the public. nullTherefore, we can draw the following conclusion … Given the factors I have just outlined, I can only say that … Obviously, if we cannot change the present situation, there is every chance that … will be put in danger/risk. backnull 7. 考场作文应对方法 考场作文最重要的是信心和状态,一定要把心态放平；只要好好备战，就一定能得高分！ 三个一定： 句型是一定要用的；范文是一定要背的。 书写是一定要工整干净的！nullClass practice: Writing (30 minutes)    Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of no less than 120 words according to the outline given below: My View on Credit Cards 1. 一些人喜欢用信用卡购物 2. 另一些人喜欢用现金付款 3. 我的看法 null不要押题，要学会通用的写作技巧！不管什么文章都有一定的套路！四级的套路很简单，常见的有： 一. 对. . . . . .看法（My View on . . .题型） 二. 利弊（Advantages and Disadvantages of …）事物总是一分为二的，写作题目中有许多涉及事物正反两方面的。 三．如何（How to. . . 题型） 四. 取舍 （A or B 题型） 五. 理由 （Why . . . 题型） (每类题型仔细阅读一两篇范文，模仿、创造，做到胸有成竹！） nullThe Comma Fault: The use of a comma in place of a full stop, a semicolon，a colon, or a dash is called the comma fault. 1) It was raining hard, they could not go hiking. 2) Zhengzhou is a big city, it is a lovely city. 3) I was born in China, I love my motherland very much. nullMy View on Credit Cards 1. 一些人喜欢用信用卡购物 （phenomenon） 2. 另一些人喜欢用现金付款 （phenomenon） 3. 我的看法 （my view） 参考范文： To go shopping by credit cards or by cash is one of the controversial issues today. While quite a few people still like to use cash for their payments when they do shopping, I prefer to buy goods by using the credit card. （现象） This preference can be accounted for by a couple of factors. First, it is quite convenient. While doing shopping what you need is just to give the card to the shop assistant by signing your name and everything is OK. Besides, it is safer. You are free from fear of losing money just as the saying goes “Nothing is lost when you lost your credit card”. What is the most important is that a credit card provides overdrawing service, which is a big attraction for those students who have not much money for their domination. （原因） Of course, people are entitled to their way of choice, but for me I prefer to use credit card rather than the cash when shopping. （观点）  nullnull