中国语言与文化名词解释
1、 Four beginnings 四端
The feelings of commiseration, shame, courtesy and right and wrong.
The four beginnings, when properly cultivated, will develop into the four cardinal virtues of Ren (humanity), Yi (righteousness), Li (decorum), and Zhi (wisdom).
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名词解释
1、 Four beginnings 四端
The feelings of commiseration, shame, courtesy and right and wrong.
The four beginnings, when properly cultivated, will develop into the four cardinal virtues of Ren (humanity), Yi (righteousness), Li (decorum), and Zhi (wisdom).
2、 The dragon boat festival 端午节
It falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, is also called Chinese poet’s festival. Qu Yuan, the great patriotic poet was wronged and was banished by the king of Chu from the court. Qu Yuan felt so frustrated that he committed suicide by throwing himself into the Miluo River. The local people respected him, some rowed boats in an attempt to save his life, and others threw eggs and rice wrapped up in bamboo leaves into the river to feed the sea creatures so as to keep his body from being eaten by them. Today, people still have boat races.
3、 The mid-autumn festival 中秋节
It falls on the 15th of the 8th lunar month. During the Song Dynasty, celebration of the mid-autumn festival had developed into a grand traditional festival. Today, people still have similar celebration activities like eating moon cakes, drinking wine fermented with osmanthus flowers and enjoying the full moon.
4、 The book of rites 礼记
It includes Yi Li, Zhou Li and Li Ji. It mainly discuss the principles of conduct of the scholar-bureaucrats. Zhou Li is a collection of the canonical works of the pre-Qin Dynasty discovered in the Western Han Dynasty. It records the six-class official system in the Zhou Dynasty. Li Ji is the interpretation of Yi Li, supplemented to the canonical works.
5、 Chinese couplets 对联
Chinese couplets written on scrolls or a pair of scrolls containing a poetic couplet, is a unique literary genre in China. It can be clarified into Spring Festival couplets, wedding couplets, longevity couplets, decorative couplets, etc. it can be long or short. The structure of the couplets can be zheng dui (parallel in meaning), fan dui (antithetical ub meaning) and liushui dui (same meaning expressed in two sentences).
6、 Li Sao 离骚
Li Sao, Qu Yuan’s masterpiece, is the first long lyric still extant in the history of Chinese poetry. The lyric displays the poet’s relentless pursuit for the ideal of establishing “perfect government”. It manifests his adherence to his ideal and personal integrity and his dogged fighting spirit with which he would die rather than surrender.
It also exhibits his deep and sincere affection for his motherland and his glorious personality to abhor the evil and love the good.
问答题
1、 How is culture information embedded in language? Please illustrate with concrete example. 文化如何嵌入语言，请举具体例子加以说明（中文范例，多个例子）？
2、 What do you think the essential characteristic of Chinese thinking as revealed by the graphic structure and the syntactical features of the language?
附加题：有关礼貌，面子的问题？
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