转盘轴承样本

TURNING IDEAS INTO ENGINEERED SOLUTIONS Large Bearing Design Manual and Product Selection Guide www.kaydonbearings.com 2 |www.kaydonbearings.com 1-800-514-3066 Table of Contents Page Number Section 1 — Introduction ........................................................................................................2 • Capabilities • Design Features • Preliminary Selection Guide • Application and Load Analysis • Typical Mountings Section 2 — Stock Turntable Bearings ...................................................................................12 • MT-Series Bearings Selection Tables and Load Ratings • RK-Series Bearings Selection Tables and Load Ratings Section 3 — Other Products ...................................................................................................16 • Custom Four-Point Contact Ball Bearings • Eight-Point Contact Ball Bearings • WireX® Roller Bearings • KH-Series Pre-engineered High Precision Bearing Assemblies • Custom Bearing Capabilities Section 4 — Load Rating Charts .............................................................................................23 • Load Rating Charts MT-Series, RK-Series, 4-Point Contact, 8-Point Contact Section 5 — Installation and Maintenance .............................................................................25 • Installation and Care of Kaydon Bearings • Design Considerations (for the equipment designer) • Installation Instructions (for the equipment builder) • Maintenance Instructions (for the equipment user) Section 6 — Appendix and Sales Information ........................................................................32 • Application Data Form • Warranty Information • Engineering Design Aids and Technical Literature Large Bearing Catalog 390 ©KAYDON® Corporation 2004 1-800-514-3066 www.kaydonbearings.com|3 Introduction Kaydon Capabilities Kaydon has been America’s leading pro- ducer of large diameter custom bearings since its founding in 1941. Manufactur- ing operations have expanded steadily to meet ever growing market needs since 1976. Kaydon manufactures bearings up to 180 inches outside diameter using the most modern facilities and equipment in the industry. Continuing expansion and manufacturing versatility have led to our position as the leading supplier of all types of large diameter combination load bearings. Kaydon is unique in the breadth of product capabilities offered, always striving to match the best bearing type with your application needs. Standard bearings Kaydon’s long history of serving the needs of equipment and manufacturers has resulted in two series of standard bearings to fi t many common application needs. The RK-Series of lightweight turntable bearings have proven capable of satisfying many requirements at mod- erate cost—with the advantages of short lead time or stock availability. The new, expanded MT-Series of standard turnta- ble bearings combine quick delivery with maximum capacity and value to fi t an even wider variety of applications. Many other bearings shown in this catalog are produced on a regular basis and offer short lead time at moderate cost. Custom bearings While other manufacturers may special- ize in one or two specifi c bearing types, Kaydon’s broad experience and capabili- ties allow us to match the product to your requirements—not ours. Where a special need exists, Kaydon can fi ll it without sacrifi cing system performance. Often, we can supply bearings which fi ll the need with minimal alteration or additional costs to the design. For truly unique applications, our fully staffed engineering department can design the optimum solution. Bearing types • Four-point contact ball bearings, as well as Kaydon’s patented 8-point contact ball bearings, are used as swing bearings in cranes, excavators, aerial platforms and other types of construc- tion and material handling equipment. These bearings have also been applied successfully in machine tools, radar and medical equipment. • Biangular roller bearings are used in applications demanding higher preci- sion and stiffness but requiring less static load capacity, such as index tables, positioners, antenna mounts and military gun turrets. • Inserted raceway–WireX®–bearings with single, double or triple rows offer important weight savings advantages and are found in high performance applications such as military vehicle turrets. • Plastic ball 4-point contact and angular contact thrust bearings are also available for specialized applications. Total capabilities Kaydon offers the bearings to fi t your needs. Ball and roller types in single and multi-row designs. Solid or inserted wire raceways. Geared raceways, both inter- nal and external. Bearings for radial, thrust, moment and combined loading. Capacities, materials, seals and confi gu- rations to fi t a variety of applications. And the design and application engi- neering service that has tailored the best bearing values to the world’s toughest bearing applications. If you don’t see what you want in this catalog, call us at (231) 755-3741. We will be glad to supply technical assis- tance, lead time information and quota- tions on bearings to fi ll your requirements or specifi cations. Precision Many devices, such as machine tool tables and radar antennas, require a high degree of accuracy and are de- pendent upon the bearings to achieve it. A single four-point contact ball or biangular roller bearing is ideal for these applications. Integral gears and mounting holes reduce the number of components and tolerance buildup, resulting in maximum accuracy and simplifi cation of design. Early consul- tation with Kaydon can be invaluable in determining the optimum bearing and mounting. The bearings listed in this catalog are manufactured to a standard precision suitable for many commercial applica- tions, but Kaydon also manufactures bearings of higher precision. The engineering principles discussed in the manual also apply to bearings of any precision level. Bearings with radial and axial runouts of less than .0002 inches T.I.R. and gears of AGMA Class #10 or better can be furnished. Where extreme rigidity is required, very high spring rates can be maintained. Kaydon achieves these results through the use of modern precision equipment, experienced personnel, and specially developed manufacturing techniques. Combined with other features of large diameter bearings—high load capacity, small space requirement, large center hole, grease lubrication, and ease of installation, high precision and rigid- ity make possible greatly improved performance in such applications as: • Grinding machines • Turning and boring machines • Index tables • Scientifi c and medical instruments • Radar, height fi nders, positioners and gun directors • Ocular and radio telescopes • Logging machinery • Material handling equipment ©KAYDON® Corporation 2004 Large Bearing Catalog 390 S e c tio n 1 – In tro d u ctio n Bearing Design Features Whether used in heavy-duty off-road vehicles, precision medical equipment or high accuracy military radars, large diam- eter Kaydon bearings share many design features. There are important differences however, which often dictate the optimal bearing selection for a given application. These pages outline the primary features of each bearing type. Turntable bearing advantages Over the years demands have increased for equipment economy, performance, and reliability. As a result, four-point and eight-point contact ball bearings have replaced the older, less effi cient hook rollers and kingpost assemblies. Turntable bearings provide smooth rota- tion and high radial, thrust and moment load capacity in a compact dimensional envelope. With a Kaydon turntable bear- ing there is no need for a center shaft or kingpost, so the bearing center space is open and available for hydraulic piping or conduit runs. Additionally, turntable bearings in- cor-porate many special features such as integral gearing, through-drilled or tapped mounting holes and contact seals. These features simplify the job of the equipment designer, lower manufacturing costs, and facilitate system maintenance. Importance of proper selec- tion, installation and use Turntable bearing applications are typi- fi ed by heavy loading and slow, intermit- tent or partial rotation. Bearing failure is therefore seldom due to classic rolling contact fatigue. In other words, calculated bearing life is not usu- ally a major consideration in turntable applications, especially in construction equipment. Turntable bearings are usually selected on the basis of static load capacity, suit- able integral gearing, and other special features. Turntable bearing failure is often the result of practical consider- ations not covered by classical rolling bearing theory—such as nonuniform support structure design, lack of lubrica- tion, improper selection or application of fasteners, overloading beyond equip- ment specifi cations, and other abuses. The purpose of this manual is to provide guidelines for system design and turn- table bearing application, and to caution equipment designers and users of one principle: Large-diameter bearings are not commodity products. Each bearing is a custom design or a custom application of an existing bearing design. In either case, the bearing manufacturer should be involved in the design stage. Four-point contact ball bearings Four-point contact ball bearings can accept combinations of radial, thrust and moment loads. This is possible due to the unusual geometry of the raceways (or ball grooves). The ball groove in each race has two radii that are larger than the ball radius. The centers of these two radii are offset from the center of the ball radius. This results in a “Gothic Arch” confi guration in each of the raceway grooves, making it possible for the two grooves to contact the ball at four points. High thrust and moment capacity is ob- tained in a four-point contact ball bear- ing by its deep raceway grooves. These allow high initial contact angles between the balls and raceways and increase the thrust and moment capacity. The deep grooves also accommodate the contact angle increase which results from ring stretch and ball defl ection under load. Precision grinding of raceways is nec- essary to control accuracy of contact angles, close ball to raceway conformity, diametral clearance and raceway fi nish. These design features, along with proper material selection, assure the proper function of the four-point contact ball bearing. Eight-point contact ball bearings The eight-point contact ball bearing was developed by Kaydon to satisfy require- ments for maximum load capacity within a given envelope, especially in larger size bearings. As shown below the eight-point contact ball bearing is an annular bearing with two rows of balls. The unique feature of this bearing lies in the utilization of the “Gothic Arch” or four-point contact internal geometry in both rows. Functionally, the bearing may be con- sidered to be two single row, four-point contact bearings with adjacent faces. The four points of contact permit each row of balls to accept radial, axial, or moment loads, or a combination of the three. Through precise grinding tech- niques, raceways are closely matched for parallelism and size, providing a high degree of load sharing between rows. Test results have confi rmed that the second row of balls provides and additional 80% capacity over that provided by a single row. Biangular roller bearings Biangular roller (cross roller) bearings will support the same types of load as the four-point and eight-point contact ball bearings. 4 |www.kaydonbearings.com 1-800-514-3066 Large Bearing Catalog 390 ©KAYDON® Corporation 2004 S e c ti o n 1 – In tr o d u ct io n To accomplish this universal load carry- ing capability, the bearing is designed with V-groove raceways, providing two roller paths in each ring. The rollers have a length slightly less than their diameter and are positioned so that adjacent rollers contact different sets of raceways, with the axes at right angles to each other. Positioned in this manner the rollers transmit load along perpen- dicular sets of 45° contacts. The action of the bearing under various types of loading is thus analogous to that of the four-point contact ball bearing. While a roller of length and diameter approximating a given diameter of ball has more load carrying capacity, the static thrust and moment capacity of a biangular roller bearing is less than that of a four-point contact ball bear- ing of comparable size. The reason for this is that only alternate rollers resist a uni-directional axial load. In some cases, capacity in one axial direction may be increased by orienting more rollers along one axis than the other, with a resulting decrease in capacity in the opposite direction. The main advantages of biangular roller bearings are greater stiffness and conse- quent superior spring rate, as well as tolerance of mounting surface irregu- larities and resulting defl ections. When defl ection under load must be minimized, or when bearing turning torque is criti- cal this bearing may be given preference over a four-point contact ball bearing. WireX® inserted raceway bearings WireX® bearings are generally used in applications requiring maximum weight reduction and corrosion resistance. They are generally custom designed to support specifi c combinations of radial, thrust and moment loads. Gear teeth can be cut in the inner or outer ring, and bolt holes provided for mounting. The bearing rings have machined seats to position the inserted wire raceways, which are held in place by bearing loads transmitted through the rolling elements. The rolling elements (usually rollers) and wires are usually made of stainless steel. Bearing rings can be made of many dif- ferent materials. When aluminum is used the complete bearing can be made of cor- rosion resistant material and may result in weight savings of up to 50%. The use of aluminum rings may also eliminate thermal expansion problems when the bearing is mounted to aluminum struc- tures. Another advantage of WireX® bearings is their high tolerance of non-rigid and out-of-fl at mounting structures. Irregu- larities can be accommodated by the free movement of the wire inserts in their circular seats. WireX® bearings can often be rebuilt— a substantial savings when compared to complete bearing replacement. Three-row roller bearings Three-row roller bearings offer the high- est capacity, using three separate rows of rollers. The top and bottom rows absorb thrust loading, each row in the opposite direction, and operate together to handle moment loading. The intermediate row handles radial loads. Because each row is independent, frictional torque is low. Plastic ball bearings Large diameter bearings with plastic balls are provided for light duty, low load applications. Raceways are V-grooves machined in aluminum or steel bearing rings. These bearings tolerate mounting distor- tions well, operate with low torque, and are relatively inexpensive. They are ca- pable of handling radial, thrust and mo- ment loads. Trade-offs include reduced load capacity and positional accuracy. 1-800-514-3066 www.kaydonbearings.com|5 ©KAYDON® Corporation 2004 Large Bearing Catalog 390 S e c tio n 1 – In tro d u ctio n Bearing Overview Selection Guide Maximum Capacity General Typical Rolling Outside Gear Moment Thrust Radial Typical Description Cross Section Element Diameter Options (ft.-lbs.) (lbs.) (lbs.) Applications Four-Point Machine Tools Contact Ball Aerial Devices Medical Equipment Custom 10,000,000 6,000,000 1,300,000 Radar (pg. 16-17) 16" to 180" •Non- Cranes Ball geared Utility Cranes MT-Series •Internal 900,000 600,000 200,000 Excavators (pg. 12-13) 12" to 48" •External RK-Series 140,000 175,000 60,000 (pg.14-15) 20" to 47" Lightweight •Non- Military Turrets Four-Point Geared Medical Equipment Contact Plastic To 60" •Internal Consult Kaydon General Purpose (pg. 22) Ball •External Eight-Point Large Cranes Contact Excavators (pg. 18-19) •Internal Marine Cranes Ball To 180" •External 15,000,000 9,000,000 2,000,000 Severe Environment KH Series •Non- Precision Indexing Precision Geared Rotary Tabes Bearing Ball 20" to 32" 40,000 43,000 20,000 Assemblies •External (pg. 20-21) Customization Most of the bearing designs shown on these pages can be produced with user-defi ned options, including but not limited to special paints and platings, low temperature stabilization and special cages for high speed and horizontal mountings. Precision Precision gears, runouts, preloads and torque control are available to suit spe- cifi c applications. AGMA Class 6 gears are standard, gears up to AGMA Class 12 can be supplied on request. 6 |www.kaydonbearings.com 1-800-514-3066 Large Bearing Catalog 390 ©KAYDON® Corporation 2004 S e c ti o n 1 – In tr o d u ct io n Maximum Capacity General Typical Rolling Outside Gear Moment Thrust Radial Typical Description Cross Section Element Diameter Options (ft.-lbs.) (lbs.) (lbs.) Applications Biangular Roller (pg. 22) •Internal Radar Roller To 180" •External 7,000,000 3,000,000 1,400,000 Military turrets Machine tools Excavators Lightweight Biangular Roller •Internal (pg. 22) Roller To 180" •External 2,500,000 1,250,000 575,000 Military turrets Three-Row Roller Radar (pg. 22) •Internal Cranes Roller To 180" •External 18,000,000 12,000,000 4,000,000 Excavators Stackers & reclaimers Heavy mill equipment Inserted Race •Non- WireX® Geared (pg. 18-19) Roller To 120" •Internal 1,820,000 1,000,000 370,000 Military turrets •External Radar Inserted Race Biangular •Internal WireX® Roller To 120" •External 1,830,000 900,000 370,000 Military turrets (pg. 22) Radar Inserted Race Three-Row •Internal WireX® Roller To 120" •External 2,250,000 1,125,000 400,000 Military turrets (pg. 18-19) Radar Special Confi guration (pg. 22) Ball To 180" Consult Kaydon for design and application engineering assistance with your specifi c custom bearing requirements. 1-800-514-3066 www.kaydonbearings.com|7 ©KAYDON® Corporation 2004 Large Bearing Catalog 390 S e c tio n 1 – In tro d u ctio n Application and Load Analysis ★See warranty, page 33. Many factors must be considered in selecting and applying an antifriction bearing. Chief among these are type and magnitude of loading, speed of rotation, and accuracy. For most applications in construction and material handling equipment, load is the primary concern. Speed and accuracy are relatively unimportant but deserve consideration along with other items such as friction torque, gearing, and mounting. Other applications, such as precision medical equipment, require a high degree of accuracy and close control of torque, but have relatively low loading. Load Because a turntable bearing accepts all types of loading,