2013年1月12日13日26日27日王京竹口语写作机经沐沐托福独家整理高清版

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ID ： y m c 10 19 m u m u t u o f u .t a o b a o .c o m 2011.12.09NA （ 7 ） Topic 很多国家对买 buy 香烟 cigarette 和 unhealthy food 的人征收更高的税。Many countries charge/levy higher/heavier taxes on cigarettes and unhealthy food. 组别 Reading Lecture 观点 文章说对香烟加重税好处多多。Many benefits 不好 Do more harm than good 第一组 可以discourage people 吸烟和吃垃圾 食品。 Can discourage people form smoking and eating junk food. 高税收不至于改变人的生活习惯。而且 烟 有high 和low quality 之分。高价使 得人 们可能会去买便宜cheap and low quality 的。便宜烟的含的有害物质多，而且跟 不 健康食物结合后效果加剧。 Heavy tax will not change people's habits. There are both high-quality and low-quality cigarettes. Higher price will drive people to buy cheaper and low-quality cigarettes which contain more harmful materials/ingredients. Coupled/combined with unhealthy food, these cheaper cigarette brands can be more harmful/detrimental. 第二组 因为buy 香烟cigarette 和unhealthy food 的人容易生病，医保 需要为他 们花费更多的钱medical cost，所以他 们交更多的税对不生病的 人在财政 Because people who buy cigarettes and unhealthy food are more likely to get sick, the health care system has to pay more for their medical 人们都对香烟和unhealthy food 交高 税， 但是相对于富人来说，穷人low income 交的税占他们收入的比例高，这是不公 平 的 financially unfair。 The higher tax on cigarettes and unhealthy food will apply to everyone. Hence, the poor have to pay a higher percentage/proportion of their income for such tax than the wealthy. This policy is financially unfair. 上公平 financially fair。 bills. Therefore, charging these people with higher tax is financially fair for other healthy people. 第三组 政府把这部份高税变成财 政收入 increase revenue of government。政府 可以做公共事业：建设新 的公共场 所，可以 benefit everyone. This extra tax income can increase the revenue of government. Government can invest this new income into public welfare, e.g., building new public infrastructure, so everyone can benefit. 政府拿到了这些收入后,they don`t want to lose this money，政府太依赖香烟税 收 government will dependent on it， 所以他们 不能制订进一步戒烟政策policy。比如 在 公共场合戒烟，但是 private 就不管 了。 After collecting this extra income, the government will not want to lose it. After government becomes too dependent on income from cigarette tax, it will be reluctant/unwilling to make/formulate further policies to discourage smoking. For example, the government bans smoking in public areas but may turn a blind eye to smoking in private locations. 2011.12.17NA （8） T o p i c 一个公司要搞 incentive programs. An company plans to offer incentive programs to help employees improve health and to boost/raise the profit of the company. 组 别 Reading Lecture 观 点 好 不好 第 一 组 motivation 对那些有想法 但是动力不 足的人 For those workers who are willing to improve their health but lack motivation, this program can encourage them to quit/cease smoking and lose weight. 这个program 作用是短期的，开始的时候 激励作用大，两年以后很多人会反弹：又 抽烟的抽烟，发胖的发胖。从Long-term 而言没啥意思。 The effect of this program is short-lived/short-term Although in the very beginning, staff may be motivated to change their harmful lifestyles, their bad habits would recur/return after 2 years. They would resume smoking, and eating junk food. Therefore, from a long-term perspective, this program has little significance/ (makes little difference). 第 二 组 奖励那些生活 习惯好的人， less insurance fees and 给 假期longer vacation （more holiday days）。公平 For those employees who already have healthy habits, the policy can award them by reducing their insurance fees/premiums and offering them longer vacation. Therefore, this program is fair to all. 奖励健康的人太不公平了，有些人太忙要 照顾孩子照看爸妈，没空锻炼，或者容易 发胖是因为基因决定的，因为这个就给人 家高的insurance fees 和短的假期简直太 不公平了。 Rewarding people who are already healthy is rather unfair. Some people become overweight because they are so busy with looking after their families that they have no time to exercise/(work out). Meanwhile, some were born with genes which predispose them to obesity. It is simply too unfair if these people have to pay for higher insurance fees/premiums and need to put up with shorter vacation. 第 三 组 还可以节 省公司的 资金问题 company can save the cost because employees will work more effectively . 长期为公司节省钱是不确定，因为如果发 完了奖品，很多员工会换公司。公司就亏 了。 It is dubious to claim that this program is money-saving for the employer in the long run/term since many employees will switch jobs once they get the financial rewards. 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