介词BY的用法
介词by的用法 1.
表
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示“在...旁边”
sit by the window 坐在窗户旁边
stand by me 站在我旁边
walk by the river 在河边走
2.表示“从...旁经过”，常跟go/walk/pass连用
Go by/walk by/pass by 走路经过
3.表示使用交通工具
by bus/plane/bike/train/ship by air/land/water 乘飞机 / 由陆路 / 由水路
4.表示被动语态:被，由
be saved by sb 被某人救了
be caught by .. 被...抓住了
be built by... 被...建造的
5.表示
方法
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，手段:用，通过
by doing sth 通过做某事
learn English by listening to tapes 通过听磁带来学英语
by heart 用心
by check/credit card 用支票、信用卡
6.表示时间:不迟于，在...之前
by + 具体时刻
by + 年份
by the time of + 表示时间的短语(如last year,next month,next year等)
by the time + 句子
I will be back by 6 o’clock.
By 2010, I had learnt 2000 English words.
By the time of last year,I had lived in WZ for 5 years.
By the time I was 5,I had learnt to ride a bike.
7.表示增减的程度
increase by 10% 增加10%
decrease by 20% 减少20%
8.by+表示时间、长度、重量的总称名词，表示“按...计算”“按...买卖”
by time 按时间 by size 按大小
by weight 按重量 by volume 按体积
by length 按长度 by height 按高度
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by area 按面积 by depth 按深度
9.by+the+具体的，可数的时间、长度、重量的名词，表示“按....计算”“按...买
卖”
by the day 按天 by the hour 按小时
by the month 按月 by the dozen 按打 by the year 按年 by the ton 按吨
10.by+身体部位或衣服，表示抓住身体或衣服的某一部分，常与动词
catch/hold/grab/seize/take等连用
Catch sb by the hand/arm/hair 抓住某人的手/胳膊/头发 Grab sb by the collar/sleeve 抓住某人的衣领/袖子
11.用于“名词+by+名词”结构
one by one 一个接一个
step by step 一步步地
day by day 一天一天地
week by week 一个星期接一个星期的
shoulder by shoulder 肩并肩的
12.其他带有by的短语或句型
What do you mean by....? 你说...是什么意思,
What’s the time by your watch? 你的表几点了,
by the way 顺便一说，顺便一问
by oneself 独自一人
by chance/by accident 偶然地 无意的
by design 故意的
by nature 天生的
By way of 经由，途径
The batch of goods will be delivered by way of Hong Kong.这批货物将经由香港发
货。
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