鲁迅与郭沫若的比较

鲁迅与郭沫若的比较 2012级1班42号魏明娟 现代文学作业 鲁迅与郭沫若的比较 鲁迅先生与郭沫若先生都是一代伟人，在文学方面都做出过重要贡献。我们不能绝对的说一个人是对是错，更不能绝对的说两个人一定是谁比谁更好，我们应当从全面客观的角度，以及历史发展辩证的眼光对两位伟人进行研究，我谨从下面几点阐述我的观点。 一(鲁迅与郭沫若的相同点 (一)出身 鲁迅与郭沫若同出生在半封建半殖民地社会，处于封建王朝日趋没落的满清末代。他们生活在封建大家庭中，在童年时都处于家道衰落的境地。鲁迅的爷爷周福林出身翰林，并在京城做官，家中发生两次变故，封建大家庭逐渐破落，家庭政治地位的变化使鲁迅饱受世态炎凉，认识到上层社会的丑态和冷酷;而郭沫若也是出生在四川一个没落的封建大地主家庭，都有相同的经历。 (二)早期的悲剧婚姻相似 1(鲁迅:父母之命而成婚的有名无实的妻子朱安，像许多中国女人一样，朱安具备了懂规矩和性情好的传统美德，1906鲁迅和朱安结Million. Water quality standards the dredging of river boundary section obtained provincial environmental protection Office special bonuses for wetland construction ... ... Million. But sober see, these achievements were made in the case of decreased rainfall for two consecutive years, we realize that environmental protection work still faced many problems in our County. Mainly in the PM2.5 and PM10 air quality monitoring indicators often exceeding, dredging of river section's water quality is not stable, and rural non-point source pollution has not been radical, Wade through the corporate environmental risk, livestock pollution rebound from severe, a wealth of protection and use of water resources is not well. If this year's rainfall, these problems will be exposed, and raw materials caused a great deal of pressure to go green. To solve these problems, we focused on three aspects of the work of environmental protection: (a) in accordance with the ... ... Real good green. According to the "Garden City, roads, tree-lined, mountain forests of" principle, to develop "governance focused piece, scale" afforestation programmes, and actively implement the barren hills green, River afforestation increased, City Green, farmland and other greening works to ensure complete afforestation this year ... ... Acres and acres and afforestation in the plain ... ... Acres, new nursery wood ... ... MU. 为夫妻，但婚后第四天，鲁迅就回了日本。1923年，鲁迅的学生许广平走进了他得生活，陪伴他走完了人生之路;而朱安用自己的一生侍奉着公婆。 2(郭沫若:父母之命而成婚的有名无实的妻子张琼华，郭沫若发现新娘是个并不漂亮的、会抽水烟的小脚村姑时，转身而去，张琼华空守了一夜洞房。几天后，郭沫若不顾家里阻挠去了日本，遇到了佐藤富子即安娜，并和自己生活21年;抗日战争爆发后，他决定回国参加抗日战争，而富子是日本人，他不辞而别离开日本回国了。郭沫若回国后与比他小24岁的于立群又走到了一起，走完他最后的40年人生历程。 (三)求学经历相同 鲁迅与郭沫若都受到传统文化和民间文化的熏陶，都留学日本，最初立志学医，走医学救国之路。但后来都经历了“弃医从文”的转折。鲁迅认识到:医生至多不过是医治患者肉体上的疾病，要使祖国早日觉醒站起来斗争，必须创立新文学。其实郭沫若一直对文学都有着浓厚的兴趣，不过当时人们普遍怀有实业救国、科学救国的思想，传统文学被看做无用之学;加之郭沫若早年赴日本留学，后接受斯宾诺沙、惠特曼等人思想，决心弃医从文。 Million. Water quality standards the dredging of river boundary section obtained provincial environmental protection Office special bonuses for wetland construction ... ... Million. But sober see, these achievements were made in the case of decreased rainfall for two consecutive years, we realize that environmental protection work still faced many problems in our County. Mainly in the PM2.5 and PM10 air quality monitoring indicators often exceeding, dredging of river section's water quality is not stable, and rural non-point source pollution has not been radical, Wade through the corporate environmental risk, livestock pollution rebound from severe, a wealth of protection and use of water resources is not well. If this year's rainfall, these problems will be exposed, and raw materials caused a great deal of pressure to go green. To solve these problems, we focused on three aspects of the work of environmental protection: (a) in accordance with the ... ... Real good green. According to the "Garden City, roads, tree-lined, mountain forests of" principle, to develop "governance focused piece, scale" afforestation programmes, and actively implement the barren hills green, River afforestation increased, City Green, farmland and other greening works to ensure complete afforestation this year ... ... Acres and acres and afforestation in the plain ... ... Acres, new nursery wood ... ... MU. (四)在新文化运动中影响相同 周恩来评价他们:“鲁迅是新文化运动的导师，郭沫若便是新文化运动的主将。鲁迅如果是将没有路的路开辟出来的先锋，郭沫若便是带着大家一道前进的向导。” (五)创作领域 鲁迅先生和郭沫若先生都涉足小说创作，历史小说创作和杂文撰写。 鲁迅先生的《呐喊》与《彷徨》是中国现代小说的开端与成熟标志。20年代沈雁冰这样评价鲁迅的小说:“在中国新文坛上，鲁迅君常常是创造新形式的先锋。”在《故乡》中，最震动人心的不是闰土的贫穷，而是多年不见后一声“老爷”所展示的闰土心灵的麻木;《祝福》的深刻性在于描写了祥林嫂在封建神权下所感到的恐怖;《伤逝》描写了五四运动时期涓生和子君的爱情，他们敢于冲出旧家庭，却因社会经济的压力，最终只能回到旧家庭中，在高唱“反封建”的五四时期，这无疑给人们敲响了警钟。 二(鲁迅与郭沫若的不同点 (一)写作性质不同 Million. Water quality standards the dredging of river boundary section obtained provincial environmental protection Office special bonuses for wetland construction ... ... Million. But sober see, these achievements were made in the case of decreased rainfall for two consecutive years, we realize that environmental protection work still faced many problems in our County. Mainly in the PM2.5 and PM10 air quality monitoring indicators often exceeding, dredging of river section's water quality is not stable, and rural non-point source pollution has not been radical, Wade through the corporate environmental risk, livestock pollution rebound from severe, a wealth of protection and use of water resources is not well. If this year's rainfall, these problems will be exposed, and raw materials caused a great deal of pressure to go green. To solve these problems, we focused on three aspects of the work of environmental protection: (a) in accordance with the ... ... Real good green. According to the "Garden City, roads, tree-lined, mountain forests of" principle, to develop "governance focused piece, scale" afforestation programmes, and actively implement the barren hills green, River afforestation increased, City Green, farmland and other greening works to ensure complete afforestation this year ... ... Acres and acres and afforestation in the plain ... ... Acres, new nursery wood ... ... MU. 1.鲁迅立场坚定，不屈从于任何权威:一直都不顾个人安危，以笔代戈，战斗一生，被誉为“民族魂”。 2.郭沫若的作品为政党服务，屈从权威思想，明哲保身，为了自保，立场曾摇摆不定，较善于以“现实主义”的态度处理政治问题，人格受到质疑。他写了许多赞美文化大革命的诗作，包括直接赞美江青的诗，所以，在文化大革命整个70年代基本安然无恙。1976年，郭沫若写了《水调歌头?庆祝无产阶级文化大革命十周年》，但过了仅仅五个月零九天，四人帮被逮捕之后，他立即又赋一首《水调歌头?粉碎四人帮》抨击“四人帮”;在大跃进时期，浮夸思想盛行，郭沫若作为一代文学家，竟然大写诗作助长这种不尊重客观实际的行为。 正是因为这个原因，其人品受到人们的质疑。鲁迅先生也批评了郭沫若的人品作风，说郭沫若为“流氓，才子” (二)参加的文学社团不同 1.“五四”运动后，郭沫若为了推动新文艺运动的开展，他与郁达夫、成仿吾等人组织了“创造社”，创办《创造季刊》《创造周报》。文艺思想上倾于浪漫主义，他们希望“本着我们内心的要Million. Water quality standards the dredging of river boundary section obtained provincial environmental protection Office special bonuses for wetland construction ... ... Million. But sober see, these achievements were made in the case of decreased rainfall for two consecutive years, we realize that environmental protection work still faced many problems in our County. Mainly in the PM2.5 and PM10 air quality monitoring indicators often exceeding, dredging of river section's water quality is not stable, and rural non-point source pollution has not been radical, Wade through the corporate environmental risk, livestock pollution rebound from severe, a wealth of protection and use of water resources is not well. If this year's rainfall, these problems will be exposed, and raw materials caused a great deal of pressure to go green. To solve these problems, we focused on three aspects of the work of environmental protection: (a) in accordance with the ... ... Real good green. According to the "Garden City, roads, tree-lined, mountain forests of" principle, to develop "governance focused piece, scale" afforestation programmes, and actively implement the barren hills green, River afforestation increased, City Green, farmland and other greening works to ensure complete afforestation this year ... ... Acres and acres and afforestation in the plain ... ... Acres, new nursery wood ... ... MU. 求，从事于文艺的活动„„”郭沫若认为“艺术本身是无所谓目的”。 2.鲁迅先生与周作人、钱玄同等人组织了“语丝社”，在《语丝》发刊词上 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 明其主张和态度是:“想冲破一点中国的生活和思想界的浑浊停滞的空气”，“提倡自由思想，独立判断，和美的生活”。鲁迅被称为“语丝派”的主将。以鲁迅为首，语丝社对北洋军阀政府、封建复古派及现代评论派进行了坚韧的斗争，鲁迅说《语丝》的基本特色是“任意而谈，无所顾忌，要催促新的产生，对于有害于新的旧物，则竭力加以排挤。”此外，鲁迅先生还领导支持了“未名社”、“朝花社”等文学团体 (三)文艺思想不同 1.鲁迅先生对东欧的小民族的作家作品和俄国批判现实作家的作品比较重视，文艺思想上，对日本批判家厨川白材等人的文艺观点很是赞赏;此外，鲁迅先生也受过达尔文进化论的影响:鲁迅曾用生物进化的观点解释社会的发展，相信将来胜于过去，青年胜于老年，旧的会死亡，新的会诞生，积极理解“物竞天择”的含义，要中国人发奋图强，适应世界潮流;托尔斯泰的博爱思想也对鲁迅产生了深刻影响。总的而言，鲁迅的文艺思想主要是批判现实主义。 2.郭沫若先生喜欢陶渊明、李白、王维的诗，尤其喜爱庄周、屈原的诗，也很欣赏歌德、海子的诗歌和小说，对于俄屠格涅夫和陀思妥斯等人的作品也很喜欢，挪威作家易卜生的剧作、美诗人惠Million. Water quality standards the dredging of river boundary section obtained provincial environmental protection Office special bonuses for wetland construction ... ... Million. But sober see, these achievements were made in the case of decreased rainfall for two consecutive years, we realize that environmental protection work still faced many problems in our County. Mainly in the PM2.5 and PM10 air quality monitoring indicators often exceeding, dredging of river section's water quality is not stable, and rural non-point source pollution has not been radical, Wade through the corporate environmental risk, livestock pollution rebound from severe, a wealth of protection and use of water resources is not well. If this year's rainfall, these problems will be exposed, and raw materials caused a great deal of pressure to go green. To solve these problems, we focused on three aspects of the work of environmental protection: (a) in accordance with the ... ... Real good green. According to the "Garden City, roads, tree-lined, mountain forests of" principle, to develop "governance focused piece, scale" afforestation programmes, and actively implement the barren hills green, River afforestation increased, City Green, farmland and other greening works to ensure complete afforestation this year ... ... Acres and acres and afforestation in the plain ... ... Acres, new nursery wood ... ... MU. 特曼的诗歌等也对郭沫若先生给予深刻影响。庄周奇诡恣肆的文学风格和屈原想落天外、豪放瑰丽的诗作风格深深影响了郭沫若的创作，此外，还受到泰戈尔宇宙和谐、人类一体泛爱思想影响。文艺思想上，受尼采浪漫主义思想的影响。 (四)创作风格不同 1.鲁迅先生描写“上流社会的堕落和下层社会的不幸” ，注重描写底层人民的日常生活状况和精神状况，他笔下的主要是华老栓、单四嫂子、阿Q、祥林嫂、爱心这样一些最普通人的最普通的悲剧命运。鲁迅说:“我的取材，多采自病态社会的不幸人们中，意思是在揭出病苦，引起疗救的注意。”(《南腔北调集?我怎么做起小说来》)他的作品贯穿着批判现实主义精神，从而奠定了中国现代文学的现实主义基础。 2.郭沫若先生的作品憧憬着革命思想和强烈激情，洋溢着浪漫主义精神，他认为“生命是文学的本质，文学是生命的反映”，从而奠定了中国现代文学的浪漫主义基础。 (五)创作领域不同 Million. Water quality standards the dredging of river boundary section obtained provincial environmental protection Office special bonuses for wetland construction ... ... Million. But sober see, these achievements were made in the case of decreased rainfall for two consecutive years, we realize that environmental protection work still faced many problems in our County. Mainly in the PM2.5 and PM10 air quality monitoring indicators often exceeding, dredging of river section's water quality is not stable, and rural non-point source pollution has not been radical, Wade through the corporate environmental risk, livestock pollution rebound from severe, a wealth of protection and use of water resources is not well. If this year's rainfall, these problems will be exposed, and raw materials caused a great deal of pressure to go green. To solve these problems, we focused on three aspects of the work of environmental protection: (a) in accordance with the ... ... Real good green. According to the "Garden City, roads, tree-lined, mountain forests of" principle, to develop "governance focused piece, scale" afforestation programmes, and actively implement the barren hills green, River afforestation increased, City Green, farmland and other greening works to ensure complete afforestation this year ... ... Acres and acres and afforestation in the plain ... ... Acres, new nursery wood ... ... MU. 郭沫若先生还涉及新诗和历史剧创作，这是他对中国现代文学的独特贡献。并且郭沫若在流亡日本期间，开始研究甲骨文、金文，1930年撰写了《中国古代社会研究》。而鲁迅先生创造了“内外两面，都和世界的时代思潮合流而又并未梏亡中国的民族性”，并具有独特的个人风格的“现今想要参与世界上的事业的中国人”的文学。 郭沫若的《女神》摆脱了传统诗歌的束缚，是“五四”狂飙突进精神的典型体现，它燃烧着对旧秩序、旧传统、旧礼教的大胆否定和无情诅咒，它的思想主要表现在这三个方面:个性解放的强烈要求、反抗叛逆与创造精神的歌唱、爱国情思的抒发。此外，《女神》在中国文学史上开拓了新一代诗风，是当代最优秀的革命浪漫主义诗作，也为诗歌的革新和创造树立了榜样。 《屈原》塑造了一个伟大的爱国者和有远见的政治家的崇高形象，它以特有的沉郁情思、鲜明的人物形象和历史与时代悲剧的精神震撼了重庆剧坛，成为郭沫若历史剧的代表作。 鲁迅先生20世纪中国伟大的思想家和文学家，堪称“现代中国的民族魂”; 郭沫若一身虽有不当言行,但他的现、当代诗人、剧作家、历史学家、古文字学家的伟大地位是不能被否定的。他们的辉煌业绩和伟大精神是中华民族的骄傲和财富，永远召唤着我们前进～ Million. Water quality standards the dredging of river boundary section obtained provincial environmental protection Office special bonuses for wetland construction ... ... Million. But sober see, these achievements were made in the case of decreased rainfall for two consecutive years, we realize that environmental protection work still faced many problems in our County. Mainly in the PM2.5 and PM10 air quality monitoring indicators often exceeding, dredging of river section's water quality is not stable, and rural non-point source pollution has not been radical, Wade through the corporate environmental risk, livestock pollution rebound from severe, a wealth of protection and use of water resources is not well. If this year's rainfall, these problems will be exposed, and raw materials caused a great deal of pressure to go green. To solve these problems, we focused on three aspects of the work of environmental protection: (a) in accordance with the ... ... Real good green. According to the "Garden City, roads, tree-lined, mountain forests of" principle, to develop "governance focused piece, scale" afforestation programmes, and actively implement the barren hills green, River afforestation increased, City Green, farmland and other greening works to ensure complete afforestation this year ... ... Acres and acres and afforestation in the plain ... ... Acres, new nursery wood ... ... MU.