通信英语(第四版)张筱华_石方文_北京邮电大学出版社【课后习题答案】

1.PCM原理 抽样量化与编码:sampling,quantizing and coding 话路:speech channel 幅值: amplitude value 抽样频率: sampling frequency 抽样速率: sampling rate 脉冲流: stream of pulses 重复率: repetition rate 编码过程: coding process 模拟信号: analog signal 传输质量: transmission quality 数字通信: digital communication 数字传输: digital transmission 含噪声的环境: noisy environment 传输路由: transmission path 信噪比 :signal-to-noise ratio 信号电平 :signal levels噪声功率: noise power 地面系统: terrestrial system 二进制传输: binary transmission 反向操作: reverse operation 8-位码序列: 8-digit sequence 接受端: receiving terminal 帧格式 :frame format 同步字 :synchronization word 实现这三项功能的 方案 气瓶 现场处置方案 .pdf气瓶 现场处置方案 .doc见习基地管理方案.doc关于群访事件的化解方案建筑工地扬尘治理专项方案下载 :the schemes for performing these three functions 一串幅值: a series of amplitude values 电话质量的话路 a speech channel of telephone quality 一个8位二进制码的序列: a sequence of 8-binary digits 理论上的最小抽样频率 :a minimum theoretical sampling frequency 占据着300Hz到3.4kHz频率范围的话路: a voice channel occupying the range 300Hz to 3.4kHz 每个样值8-位码: 8-digits per sample value 汽车点火系统的打火: the sparking of a car ignition system 重复率为64kHz的脉冲流: the stream of the pulses with a repetition rate of 64kHz 真实信号与噪声信号的关系: relationship of the true signal to the noise signal 由卫星上接受到的信号 :the signal received from a satellite 一条特定消息中的全部信息 :the complete informatian about a particular message 被传信号的波形 :the shape of the transmitted signal 由传输路由引入的衰减: the attenuation introduced by transmission path 将抽样的幅值转换成一串脉冲的单元 :the unit that converts sampled amplitude value to a set of pulses 涉及到第一路,第二路及其他各路的序列: a sequence relating to channel 1,2 and so on 被称为同步字的独特码序列: a unique sequence of pulses called synchronization word 地面系统 :terrestrial system 脉冲的“有”或“无” : the presence or absence of the pulses 高速的电子开关: a high-speed electronic switch 时分多路复用器 :the time division multiplexer 时分多路复用 :Time Division Multiplexer 2.异步串行数据传输 串行接口 serial interface 显示终端 CRT terminal 发送器与接收器 transmitter and receiver 数据传输 data transmission 数据流 data stream 闲置状态 the idle state 传号电平 mark level 空号电位 space level 起始位 start bit 停止位 stop bit T秒的持续时间 duration of T seconds 奇偶校检位 parity bit 错误标志 error flag 传输错误 transmission error 下降沿 fallinf edge 符号间的空格 intersymbol space 接收机的定时 receiver timing 本地时钟 local clock 磁带 magnetic tape 控制比特 control bit 逻辑1电平 logical 1 level 二进制数据 binary data 明显的缺点 obvious disadvantage 异步串行数据传输 asynchronous serial data transmission 最为流行的串行接口 the most popular serial interface 所传送的数据 the transmitted data 发送器与接收器的时钟 the clocks at the transmitter and receiver 电传机的时代 the era of teleprinter 一个字符的点和划 the dots and dashs of a character 符号间空格持续时间的三倍 three times the duration of intersymbol space 被称为字符的比特组 the group of bits called characters 由7或8个比特的信息组成的固定单元 the invariable units comprising 7 or 8 bits of information 由接收机本地产生的时钟 a clock generated locally by the receiver 在字符后所收到的奇偶校检位 the received parity bit following the character 起始位的下降沿 the falling edge of the start bit 数据链路面向字符的特性 the character-oriented nature of the data link 3.数据通信 地下电缆 underground cable 通信卫星 communication satellite 微波设备 microwave facilities 调制器与解调器 modulator and demodulator 缓冲器 buffer 定时信号 timing signals 同步脉冲 synchronization pulses 时隙 time slot 移位寄存器 shift register 传输媒体 transmission medium 线形衰弱 linear attenuation 信息安全 information security 键盘 keyboard 数据终端 data terminals 某种类型的数据转换设备 some type of data conversion equipment 视频显示终端 visual display terminal 称为数据调制解调器的双向数据发送接收机 two-way data transmistter-receiver called a data modem 全双工的数据传输系统 full-duplex data trandmission system 由数据处理器的运算速率所决定的速率 the rate determined by the operating speed of the data processor 由接口部件来的定时信号 timing signals from the interface assembly 磁心存储器 magnetic core memories 线性衰减和时延特性 linear attenuation and delay characteristics 传输损伤 transmission impairments 语音中的冗余特性 the redundant nature of speech 在数据发送器中的编码过程 coding process in the data transmitter 二进制的不归零信号 binary nonreturn-to-zero signal 4.互联网 网络资源:network resource 信息服务:information services 远程终端:remote terminals 互联的系统:interconnected systems 命令:command 电子邮件:electronic mail 主机:host 无线信道:wireless channels 搜索工具:searching tools 用户界面:user interface 存取:access 文本信息:textual messages 协议:protocol 超文本协议:hypertext protocol 分布在全世界的计算机的巨大网络:gaint network of computers located all over the world 主干系统:backbone system 全国范围的网络:nationwild network 电子会议:electronic conferences 实时对话:live conversation 最大的信息库the largest repository of the computers on the net 网络设备资源:network facilities resources 在网上的绝大多数计算机:the vast majority of the computer on the net UNIX操作系统:the UNIX operating system 在因特网和你的PC机之间传送数据的方法:a way to move data between the internet and your PC 方便的搜索工具:the convenient searching tools 联网的超文本协议:the network hypertext protocol 5.光纤通信介绍 光纤通信:optical fiber communications 光源:light source 波长:wavelength 激光器:laser 色散:dispersion 传输介质:transmission medium 多模光纤:multi-mode fiber 长途干线:long-houl trunks 单模光纤:singer-mode fiber 带宽:bandwidth 带宽用户:wideband subscriber 纤维光学:fiber-optics 商用技术:commercial technologe 门限电流:threshod current 光检测器:photodetector 波分复用:wavelength multiplexing 纤维光网络:fiber-optic network 视频带宽:video bandwidth 长途传输:long distance transmission 中继距离:repeater spacing 已装光纤的总长度:the total length of installed fiber 长途通信系统:long-haul telecommunication system 低衰减的石英纤维:the low-loss silica fiber 衰减接近瑞利极限的光纤:fibers with losses approaching the Rayleigh limit 室温下的门限电流:room temperature threshold currents 较长波长区:the longer wavelength region 用户接入工程:subscriber access project 部件性能和可靠性的改进:improvements in component performance and reliability 已安装的光纤系统的数据速率:data rates for installed fibre optic system 每秒吉比特:gigabit per second range 波分复用:wavelength multiplexing 带宽用户环路系统:widebend subscriber loop system 多纤连接器:multifibre connectors 设计寿命:projected lifetime 光源:light source 单模光纤:single-mode fibre 分布反馈式激光器:distributed-feedback laser 信息容量:information capacity 交换体系:switching hierarchy 带宽业务:broadband services 6.同步数字系列 同步数字系统:synchronous digital hierarchy 国际标准:international standard 信号格式:signal format 网络节点接口:network node interface 支路信号:tributary signals 数字交叉连接:digital cross-connection 网络管理:network management 网络维护:network maintenance 网络运营者:network operators 传输速率:transmission rate 支路映射:tributary mapping 灵活性:flexibility 用户业务:subscriber services 覆盖层:overlay levels 制造商:manufacturer 同步传输帧:synchronous transmission frame 线路终端复用器:line terminal multiplexer 分插复用器:add-drop multiplexer 再生中继器:regenerator 灵敏度:sensitivity 虚容器:virtual container 成帧字节:framing bytes 段开销:section overhead 端到端传输:end-to-end transmission 误码监视:error monitoring 信号处理节点:signal processing nodes 净负荷:payload 指针:pointer 同步传输系统:synchronous transmission system 覆盖nni的标准:the standard covering the NNI 国际标准接口:the international standard interface 直接同步复用:direct synchronous multiplexing 灵活的通信联网:flexible telecommunication networking 点对点的传输技术:point-to-point transmission technology 先进的网络管理:advanced network management 不同厂家提供的设备:the equipment supplied by different manmufacturers SDH提供的灵活性:the flexibility provided by SDH 同步复用设备的运营者:operator of synchronous multiplexers 电信联网:telecommunication networking 支路信号:tributary signals 维护能力:maintenance capabilities 统一的电信网络基础结构:unified telecommunication network infrastructure 组件:building blocks 终端复用器:terminal multiplexer 贯通方式:through-mode fashion 同步数字交叉链接:synchronous DXC 可变带宽:arying bandwidth 各个支路信号:individual tributary signals 传输系统:transport system 光载体:optical carrier 二维图形:2-dimensional map 传输次序:the order of transmission 7.波分复用 对光特性的理解:the understanding of the property of light 基本重要性:the fundamental important 想象今天的通信系统:to imagine the communication system of today 光的高速公路:the highway of light 巨量的信息:the massive amount of information 采用通信新技术:to adopt new communication technology 大量的视频信息:the large amounts of video information 波分复用:the wave divide multiplexing 只发送单个波长:to send only one wavelength 传输大量的波长:to transmit a large amount of wavelength 无差错传输:the error-free transmission 自愈特性:the self-healing propertys 直接接入光网络:to access directly to the optial network 视频信息:the video information 导致WDM革命的主要进展:the major advance that led to the revolution 光放大器的发明:the invention of the optical amplifier 下一段光纤:the next span of fiber 提高所有波长信号的功率:to boost the signal power of all wavelength 在光放大器方面的进展:the advances in optical amplifier 增益均衡技术的发展:the development of gain equalization techniques 多波长传输:the multiple-wavelength transmission 无线系统的增长:the growth of various application 各种各样的业务:the wide various application 处理各种业务类型:to handle various types of traffic 全光交叉连接:the all-optical cross-connect 8.寻呼系统的发展 通信手段:communication means 被叫人:called person 紧急通信:urgent communications 移动电话网:mobile telephone network 电话交换台:telephone switchboard 寻呼业务:paging service 电子电路:electronic circuitry 无线传输:wireless transmission 无线发射机:wireless transmitter 个人代码:personal codes 服务区:service area 单向通信:one-way communication 寻呼用户:paging users 顾客:customer 技术进步:technological progress 系统的效率:efficiency of the system 专用的无线网络:dedicated wireless network 终端设备:terminal equipment 全球覆盖:global coverage 无线增益:gain of the antenna 空间站:space station 通信网络的运行:the operation of a communication network 有线的和移动的电话网络:the wired and mobile telephone network 光和声音的信号装置:optical and acoustical signaling devices 本地电话交换台的接线员:the operator of a local telephone switchboard 第一代寻呼系统:the first generation of paging system 利用无线传输的寻呼系统:the paging system using wireless transmission 专用的无线接收机:the dedicated radio receiver 社会和经济效益:social and economic advantages 电子电路的小型化:the miniaturization of electronic circuitry 价格效率比:cost efficiency 小型无线电接收机:the miniature radio receiver 显示能力:display capability 全球覆盖:global coverage 空间站的天线增益:the space station antenna gain 地球同步轨道卫星:geostationary orbit satellite 用户终端:user terminal 9.蜂窝式移动电话系统 蜂窝式移动电话:cellular mobile telephone 服务性能:services performance 频谱:frequency spectrum频带:frequency band 微处理器:microprocessor移动手机:mobile unit 广播业务:broadcast servise天线:antenna 子系统:subsystems移动用户:mobile subscriber 服务能力:service capability 利用率:utilization带宽:bandwidth 单边带:single-sideband扩频:spread spectrum 大规模集成电路:large scale integrated circuits 蜂窝点:cellular site蜂窝交换机:cellular switch 无线机架:radio cabinet呼叫处理:call processing 频谱利用率:frequency spectrum utilization 有限的指定频带:the limited assigend ferquency band 服务区:servise area 复杂的特性和功能:complicated features and functions 大规模集成电路技术:large-scale integraesd circuit technology 试验性的蜂窝系统:developmental cellular system 中央协调单元:central coordinating element 蜂窝管理:cellular administration 传统移动电话的运行限制:operational limitiation of conventional mobile telephone system 有限的服务能力:limitied service capability 无线通信行业:radio communcation industry 可用的无线电频谱:available radio frequency spectrum 所分配的频带:the allocated frequency band 移动收发信机:mobile transceiver 技术上的可行性:techological feasibility 严格的频谱限制:severe spectrum limitations 调频广播业务:FM broadcasting services 传播路径衰耗:propagration path loss 多径衰耗:multipath fading 电话公司地方局:telephone company zone offices 10.全球移动通信系统 个人通信 personal communcation 通信标准 communcation standrads 固定电话业务 fixed telephone services 网络容量 network capability 移动交换中心 mobile switching center 国际漫游 international roaming 宽带业务 broadband services 接口转换 interface conversion 频谱分配 frequency allocation 模拟方式 analogue mode 蜂窝通信原理 cellular communcation principe 拥塞 jamming 蜂窝裂变 cellular splitting 基站 base station 寄存器 register 收费功能 billing function 接入方法 access method 突发脉冲传输方式 brusty transimission mode 开销信息 overhead information 切换算法 handover algorithms 短消息服务 short message services 技术 规范 编程规范下载gsp规范下载钢格栅规范下载警徽规范下载建设厅规范下载 technical specification total access communcation system 全接入的通信系统 global mobile communcation system 全球移动通信系统 time division multiple access 时分多址 facsimile and short message services 传真和短消息服务 fixed communcation networks 固定通信网络 a more personalized system 更加个性化的系统 the cost and quality of the link 链路的价格和质量 market growth 市场的发展 fixed telephone service 固定电话服务 coxial cable 同轴电缆 interface convision 接口转换 cellular communcation priciple 蜂窝通信原则 frequency reuse and cell splitting 频率复用和蜂窝裂变 cochannel interference 共信道干扰 theoretical spectual capability 理论上的频谱容量 micro-cellular system 微蜂窝系统 base station transceiver 基站收发信机 subscriber register 用户寄存器 burst transmission mode 突发脉冲传输模式 overhead information 开销信息 advanced handover algorithms 先进的切换算法 facsimile and short message services 传真和短消息服务 the GSM technique specications GSM技术规范说明 11.电路交换和分组交换 电路交换 circuit switching 分组交换 packet switching 报文交换 message switching 子网 subnet信头 header 目的地址 destination address 误差控制 error control 存储转发方式 store-and-forward manner 突发性 bursty传输时延 transimission delay 中间交换设备 intermediate switching equipment 交换技术 switching technique 返回信号 return signal 报文处理机 message processor 给定最大长度 given maximum length 信息转移 information transfer 随机性 random专用电路 dedicated circuit 电路利用率 channel ultilization the capability of soring or manipulating user's data 存储和处理用户数据的能力 the special signaling message 特定的信令信息 a well defined block df data callde amessage 被精心定义的称为报文的数据块 the information regarding the source and destination address 涉及源和目的地址的信息 the computer referred to a message processor 叫做报文处理器的计算机 the store-and-forward transmission technique 存储转发传输技术 the dynamic allocation of bandwith 带宽的动态分配 the overall transmission delay of message 报文整个的传输时延 switching technique 交换技术 ciruit switching 电路交换 message switching 报文交换 packet switching 分组交换 total path of connected lines 连线的整个通路 source-destination pair 源到目的地的一对 communication parties 通信各方 transmission unit 传输单元 intial connection cost incurred in setting up the circuit 在建立电路时的起初连接成本low delay constraint required by the user 用户所需的最短时延的限制 the fixed dedicateded end-to-end circuit 固定专用的端到端电路 low channel ultization 低的电路利用率 12.ATM异步转移模式 异步转移模式 asynchronous 逻辑信道 logical channel 虚电路 virtual circuits 虚路径 virtual paths 建议 recommendation 网络层network level 业务与应用层 service and application 虚连接 virtual connection 信息高速公路 information superhigh way 点播电视 video-on-demand 统计复用 statistical multiplexing 数字化的信息 digital information 标识符 identifer 协议 protocols 网络节点 network node 宽带网 broadband network ATM论坛 ATM forum 面向未来 future-proofed 图象编码 image encodeing 虚拟专用网 virtual private network 数据处理 data processing 被叫做信元的短的分组 short packets called cells 每秒几百兆比特的速率 bit rates of several hundred megabits a second 独特的复用方法 unique multiplexing method 任何两个终端之间的物理连接 the physical connection between any two terminals 交互式的视频业务 interactive video services 多媒体业务的自然载体 a nature vehicle for multimedia services 运营者和用户当前和未来的要求 the current and future requirement of both perators and users 高比特率信道的交换技术 the technique for switching high bit rate channel 异步转换模式 asychornous transfer mode 复用和交换技术 multiplexing and switching technique 所承载的传输类型 the underlying type of transmission 双重标识 dual identification 虚电路 virtual circuit 虚路径 virtual path 信元在网络节点上的转移 the transfer of cells to the network nodes 每秒几百爪比特 hundreds megabits a second I.121建议 recommendation I.121 服务质量 the quality of service 与实际需求成比例 in proportion to the exact requirement 网络所传送的应用和业务 the applications and service transported over a network 构成虚网络的能力 the ability to construct virtual networks 低价高效的利用网络设施 cost-effective use of infrastructure 面向未来的 future-proofed 协调传送不同业务的不同网络 coordinating different networks carrying different services 未来的信息高速公路的基本部件 essential components of future information superhighways 统计复用 statistical multiplexing 资源的最佳使用 optimum use of resources 虚拟专用网 virtual private networks 13.多媒体 多媒体 multimedia 交互环境 interactive enviornment 视频压缩 video compressin 高清晰度电视 high definition television 数字信号处理器 digital signal processor 点播业务 on-demand services 视频服务器 video servers 硬件、软件和应用 hardware,software and applications 存储 storage 彩显 colour moniter 全活动图象 full motion picture 视频编码器 vision encoder 字节 byte mixture of hardware,software and applications 硬件、软件和应用层 interactive environment 交互环境 personal desk top computers 个人桌面电脑 video compression 视频压缩 the vision encoder 视频编码器 video-on-demand interactive services 交互式视频点播业务 multimedia enviroment 多媒体环境 visual images 视频图象 hard disk storage 硬盘存储 colour monitor 彩显 the standards of multimedia 多媒体标准 motion pictures 活动图象 consumer quality of video and audio 顾客质量的视频和音频 broadcast images 广播图象 high definition television 高清晰度电视 coding algorithms 编码算法 digital signals processor 数字信号处理器 14.公用电信网 公用电信网 public telecommunication network 本地环路 local loop 交换节点 switching node 双绞线 twisted pair 外部呼叫 external call 端局 end office 数字数据系统 digital data systems 二线连接 two wire connection 收费中心 toll center 电路交换网 circuit-switching network 电话用户 telephone subscriber 数据流量 data traffic 链路 link 中继线 trunk 半双工的 half-duplex 全双工的 full-duplex 中间交换节点 intermediate switching node 音频电路 voice-frequency circuit 汇接交换机 tandem switch 拓扑 topology 接点间的 internode 路由 route 全双工的连接 full-duplex connection 集中话务量的功能 the funcion of concentrating traffic 被称为汇接交换机的交换节点 the switching node called tandem switch 一小部分用户 a fraction of subscribers 在站和网络之间的接口 the interface between the station and the network 发送数字信号的用户 the subscriber that transmit digital signal 国家网络 national network 结构部件 architectural components 接点间的支路 the branches between nodes 树状拓扑 tree topology 传输设备 transmission facilities 多条音频电路 multiple voice-frequency circuits 同步时分复用 synchronous TDM 相邻的端局 adjacent end offices 全连通性 full connectivity 被分离开的子网 isolated subnetworks 高效中继线 high-usage trunks 路由选择的基本次序 basic order of selection 主干体系网络 backbone hierarchical network 连到不同端局的俩个用户 two subscribers attached to different office 交换区 exchange area 15.综合业务数字网 全球通信 global communications 灵活性 flexibility 端到端的数字连接 end-to-end digital connectivity 开放网络 open network 语声编码 voice encoding 综合业务数字网 integrated services digital network 系统结构 infrastructure 国际标准化组织International Organization for Standardization 通信载体 communication carriers 传输媒体 transmission medium 接口设备 interface equipment 带宽限制 bandwidth limitation 交换设备 switching equipment 语音编码 voice encoding 脉码调制 pulse code modulation 基本接入 basic access 综合业务数字网 the integrated services digital network 国际标准化组织 the International Organization for Standardization 由于传输媒体导致的质量下降 degradation due to the transmission medium 4kHz话路中所固有的带宽限制 bandwidth limitations inherent in a 4kHz voice channel 标准化的接口 standardized ports 脉(冲编)码调制 pulse code modulation 数字通信 digital communication ISDN的标准和系统结构 ISDN standards and system architecture 全球通信 global communication 数字技术的逐步应用 progressive application of digital technology 共同通信载体 public communication carriers 高质量 enhanced quality 大量的接口设备 substantial quantity of interface equipment 在传送话音、数据、视频和其他业务上的灵活性 flexibility in the transmission of voice , data , video and other services 带宽的限制 bandwidth limitations 端到端的数字连接 end-to-end digital connectivity 语音编码技术 voice encoding techniques 基本接入信令速率 basic access signaling rate 统一的接入 universal access 试验性的技术 experimental technology 16.电信世界的业务和未来 X.25协议 X.25 protocol 电视信号 television signals 宽带业务 narrowband services 基本接入 basic access 电信业务 teleservice 用户电报 telex 无线电波 radio waves 地面天线 ground antenna 同轴的 coaxial 直接广播系统 direct broadcast system 端到端的时延 end-to-end delay 抖动 jitter 繁忙小时 peak hours 芯片技术 chip technology 高清晰度电视 high definition television 运行也维护 operations and maintenance 现有的公用网络 the existing public network 传统的双向对话 classical two-way voice conversation 基于X.25协议的分组交换数据网络 packet switched data network based onX.25 porotocols对网络的拥护接入 the user access to the network 对网络的用户接入 the user access to the network 信道速率为70 Mbit/s的电路交换业务 a circuit switched service with a channel rate of 70 Mbit/S 与业务无关的网络 the service-independent network 对资源的最佳统计共享 the optimal statistical sharing of the resources 电信业务 telecommunication service 用户电报网 telex network 文字报 messages of characters 双向对话 two-way voice conversation 同轴树状网络 coaxial tree network 公用天线的电视网络 community antenna TV network 直接广播系统 16 direct broadcast system 以太网 Ethernet 令牌总线网和令牌环网 token bus and token ring network 全球范围的独立网络 world-wide independent networks 电话网络的繁忙小时 the peak hours in the telephone network 资源共享 resource pooling 繁忙小时流量 23 peak hour traffic 窄带业务的综合 integration of narrow-band services 在语声编码和芯片技术方面的进步 the progress in speech coding and chip technology 新的电信业务 a new teleservice 对新业务要求的适配 adapting to new service requirements 移动电话:the mobile telephone 第三代移动业务:the third generation mobile service 无线通信:the wireless communication 手机:the handset 全球漫游:the global roaming 无线标准:the wireless standard 蜂窝点:the cell sate 峰值数据速率:the peak data rate平均吞吐量:the average throughput 下载:the download多址接入:the multiple access扩频:the spread spectrum technology时隙:the timeslot To comebine high speed mobile access with internet protocol-based service将高速移动接入与基本IP的服务结合起来 To standardized future digital wireless communication对未来的数字无线通信标准化theinternet protocol –based services基于互联协议的服务the single global wireless standard但与全球无线标准to accommodation the continuing growth of voice services as well as new wireless internet services容纳语音服务的持续增长及新的无线因特网服务 the spectrum allocation flexibility频谱分配的灵活性 the international telecommunication union国际电信联盟the boundaries between communication ,information,media and entertainment在通信,信息,媒体,娱乐之间的分界线