民航专业英语口译初探

民航专业英语口译初探 A Probe into Interpretation for Civil Aviation Industry Tang Hui (School of Foreign Languages and Tourism， Wuxi Institute of Technology， Wuxi， Jiangsu， 214121) ,Abstract,This paper tries to explore the features and difficulties of civil aviation English， an ESP(English for special purposes)， so as to find the characteristics and skills of interpretation in this regard. After research， it is concluded that compared with other kinds of interpreting， it’s more professional and challenging. So， offered here are some suggestions to improve the quality of interpreting for civil aviation industry. ,Key word word文档格式规范word作业纸小票打印word模板word简历模板免费word简历 s,civil aviation，ESP，interpretation ,中图分类号, H315.9,文献标识码, A,文章编号, 1672|8610(2015)04|0030|02 ,作者简介,唐慧，江苏人，无锡职业技术学院外语与旅游学院助教，上海外国语大学硕 士，研究方向:同声传译。 I. Introduction Over the past twenty years， civil aviation has developed by leaps and bounds， in particular in China: from almost no international flights to being fully integrated in the world air routes network. However， accidents also loom large in the process， claiming many lives， (eg. Malaysian airliner MH370)， thus prompting people to pay heed to one specific issue: safety. One key aspect to ensure safety of flights is interpretation in this area. As an important part of ESP (English for special purposes)， it has drawn increasing attention in recent years. The need for qualified interpreters in civil aviation has soared， prompting State Administration of Civil Aviation to launch an accreditation test for aviation interpreters. With increasing international airliners， the smooth communication between air controller and pilots becomes a pivotal issue， one that hundreds of people’s lives hinge on. Meanwhile， as aviation technology matures， more new terminologies are gushing in. So， how to keep up with the development trend in aviation industry is also a vital issue. For instance， how to interpret aileron， altimeter， troubleshooting， digital tracker， flaps， gravity， hangar， and landing gear? ?. Features of Civil Aviation English 2.1 Standard language To ensure the safety of the flight， only standard language that is universally acknowledged can be used. Any words created by the interpreter himself should be avoided. Ambiguity should be minimized for it may endanger all the passengers and crew members on board.\[1\] To this end， 31 terms for communication between pilot and air controller are given by state administration of civil aviation. Here are some examples: (1)United 359 confirm leaving 5， 700 feet /confirm/i “/confirm/i” here means inquiring others to answer the question“Did you correctly receive this message?”the answer can be either “affirmative” or “negative”. So， this sentence can be interpreted into “联航359，请确认你离开5，700英尺了”. (2)United 359 verify leaving 5，700 feet. In civil aviation English， “verify” means“check and confirm with originator”， or“检查并向 原发话者证实”。It is said when knowing the other part has known the message but requires repetition. Therefore， it can be interpreted as联航359，请核实离开5，700英尺。 (3)CCA981 report when ready for departure. “departure” here means “any aircraft taking off from an airport”. So， this sentence can be interpreted into 国航981，准备好离场时 报告 软件系统测试报告下载sgs报告如何下载关于路面塌陷情况报告535n,sgs报告怎么下载竣工报告下载 。 (4)CCA981 cleared for takeoff report air-borne. “airborne” means“the time when the last gear leaving the ground”， “最后一个机轮脱离地面 的时间”or “离地，升空”. Here， takeoff can only be used in orders such as “cleared for takeoff” (可以起飞) and “cancel takeoff” (取消起飞). The pilot is required to readback(复诵). In other cases， it should be put into “departure”. 2.2 Procedure- oriented language The dialogue between pilot and air controller is carried out in line with flight procedure which runs through the whole flight， including radio signal inspection， pulling out， driving， gliding， climbing， and etc. So， each flight procedure has its own fixed communication model which can help guarantee the accurate and correct information sharing. The following is a dialogue for emergency in crush landing: PIL: Beijing Approach CCA 981 number three engine has partially disintegrated request return for landing. CTL: CCA 981 turn right proceed to QU make straight in ILS approach runway 36R. PIL: Turning right to QU， runway 36R CCA 981. CCA 981 we have another problem. The hydraulic pressure is dropping rapidly， we’ll PIL: check gear extension， call you back. CTL: CCA 981 roger. PIL: CCA 981 we’ve got only one green， we have lost the main gear， we’ll try manual extension. CTL: CCA 981 roger. PIL: CCA unable to crank it down， we have to make a belly landing， request foam the runway and dumping instructions. CTL: CCA 981 climb and maintain 4800m to YV， after YV heading 350 to start dumping， 160 degrees to YV upon completion CCA 981. 翻译: 驾:北京进近，国航981，第三发动机发生故障，请求回场落地。 管:国航981，右转飞QU，36号跑道，盲降直接进近。 驾:右转到QU，36号右跑道，国航空981。 驾:国航981又出了一个问题，液压急剧下降，检查起落架再叫你。 管:国航981，收到。 驾:981我们只有一个绿灯亮，我们已失去起落架，再试试手动。 管:981，收到。 驾:国航981摇不下，我们只好机腹着陆，请沿跑道铺泡沫和放油指示。 管:爬升4800米，保持到YV，过YV350度航向放油，放完后160度到YV，国航981 2.3 Abbreviations The civil aviation English is replete with abbreviations. To understand them and make good use of them is crucial (Wang， 2004). ACLS — air cushion landing system(气垫着陆系统) GPS — global positioning system(全球定位系统) ILS — instrument landing system(仪 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 着陆系统;盲降) SID — standard instrument departure( 标准 excel标准偏差excel标准偏差函数exl标准差函数国标检验抽样标准表免费下载红头文件格式标准下载 离场) STAR — standard terminal arrival route(标准进场) PAPI — precision approach path indicator(精密进近指示器) SPOT — satellite positioning and tracking(卫星定位和跟踪) STEAMS — study towards European autonomous manned spaceflight(欧洲自主载人航天研 究) VASI — visual approach slope indicator(目视进近坡度指示器) VOR — very high frequency Omni-range radio(甚高频全向信标) altiport(高海拔机场)=altitude airport aerology(航空气象学)=aeronautical meteorology Lidar(激光雷达)=light radar Hijack(劫机)=high jack travelogue(旅行纪录片)=travel catalogue Ballute(气球降落伞)=balloon parachute Heliport(直升机场)=helicopter airport Skylab(太空空间实验室)=sky laboratory paratroops(伞兵部队)=parachute troops flaperon(襟副翼)=flap aileron parabrake(减速伞)=parachute brake avigator(领航员)=aviation navigator Lunarnaut(登月宇航员)=lunar astronaut Landsat(陆地卫星)=land satellite Intercom(=intercommunication)舱内通话装置 Kn(=knot/nautical mile)海里 Datasat(=data satellite)数据卫星 2.4 conciseness In civil aviation English， in order to save time， language must be as terse as possible. ?. How to Improve Interpretation in Civil Aviation Industry 3.1 Professional knowledge The interpreter should accumulate more terms and abbreviations， as well as relevant technological information in civil aviation. 3.2 Calmness and quick response It is imperative for interpreters to stay calm under stressful situations. Guiding flights is an extremely stressful and challenging job of great significance. A single negligence can claim hundreds of lives. In particular， faced with emergency， composure is even crucial than skills. 3.3 Predictions Since flying mission has its own fixed process， interpreters can predict what should be said in a few minutes. For instance， when a plane is going to take off， the following dialogue can be predicted\[2\]: PIL: Beijing Tower， CCA 101 approaching holding point runway 361. CTL: Holding short CCA 101. PIL: CCA 101 MD_11 in sight. CTL: CCA 101， after the landing MD_11 has passed， line up and wait. PIL: Roger， after the MD_11 line up and wait CCA 101… PIL: CCA 101 ready for take-off. CTL: CCA 101 after departure， climb on runway heading until 500m， then turn left to CU， surface wind 330 degrees 8m/s， cleared for takeoff. PIL: Climb to 500m then turn left to CU cleared for take-off CCA 101. CTL: CCA 101 cancel， say again， cancel takeoff， vehicle crossing runway. PIL: Holding CCA 101. CTL: CCA 101 cleared for takeoff， report airborne. PIL: Rolling CCA 101. CTL: CCA 101 contact Departure 129.0， good day. PIL: 129.0 good days CCA 101. ?. Conclusion Civil aviation English is a very special kind of English. Its language is standard， concise， procedure-oriented， and full of abbreviations. Therefore， there are special requirements for a competent interpreter in this area. only those who have solid foundation of background knowledge， good psychological condition， and superb command of the two languages， can become a qualified interpreter in civil aviation. 【 References 】 ,1,邱述德.英语歧义,M,.商务印书馆，1998. [2] 王爱国.航空英语的构词特点及翻译,J,.中国科技翻译，2004(4). [3] 张立新.民航飞行员英语翻译的特点及技巧,J,.中国科技翻译，2002(3). 民航专业英语口译初探 唐慧 (无锡职业技术学院 外语与旅游学院，江苏无锡214121) ,摘要,本文探讨民航专业英语的特点及难点，从而揭示民航业口译的特点及技巧。笔者经研究发现民航口译有别于一般口译，有其显著的专业性和更大的挑战性。鉴于此，笔者提出了一些技巧来保证民航口译的质量。 ,关键词,民航;专门用途英语;口译