（超强完整版）2007年6月-2011年6月六级真题及答案

（超强完整版）2007年6月-2011年6月六级真题及答案 历年真题2007.6-2011.6月英语六级真题整理 2007年6月英语六级真题及答案 ................................................... 1 2007年12月英语六级真题及答案 ............................................... 14 2008年6月英语六级真题及答案 ................................................. 26 2008年12月英语六级真题及答案 ............................................... 45 2009年6月英语六级真题及答案 ................................................. 58 2009年12月英语六级真题及答案 ............................................... 73 2010年6月英语六级真题及答案 ................................................. 93 2010年12月英语六级真题及答案 ............................................. 107 2011年6月英语六级真题及答案 ............................................... 130 2007年6月英语六级真题及答案 Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should One Expect a Reward When Doing a Good Deed? You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. 1. 有人做好事期望得到回报; 2. 有人认为应该像雷锋那样做好事不图回报; 3. 我的观点。 Should One Expect a Reward When Doing a Good Deed? Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-4, mark Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. For questions 5-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Seven Steps to a More Fulfilling Job Many people today find themselves in unfulfilling work situations. In fact, one in four workers is dissatisfied with their current job, according to the recent “Plans for 2004” survey. Their career path may be financially rewarding, but it doesn’t meet their emotional, social or creative needs. They’re stuck, unhappy, and have no idea what to do about it, except move to another job. Mary Lyn Miller, veteran career consultant and founder of the Life and Career Clinic, says that when most people are unhappy about their work, their first thought is to get a different job. Instead, Miller suggests looking at 1056289742 12/11/2011 the possibility of a different life. Through her book, 8 Myths of Making a Living, as well as workshops, seminars and personal coaching and consulting, she has helped thousands of dissatisfied workers reassess life and work. ike the way of Zen, which includes understanding of oneself as one really is, Miller encourages job seekers and those dissatisfied with work or life to examine their beliefs about work and recognize that “in many cases your beliefs are what brought you to where you are today.” You may have been raised to think that women were best at nurturing and caring and, therefore, should be teachers and nurses. So that’s what you did. Or, perhaps you were brought up to believe that you should do what your father did, so you have taken over the family business, or become a dentist “just like dad.” If this sounds familiar, it’s probably time to look at the new possibilities for your future. Miller developed a 7-step process to help potential job seekers assess their current situation and beliefs, identify their real passion, and start on a journey that allows them to pursue their passion through work. Step 1: Willingness to do something different. Breaking the cycle of doing what you have always done is one of the most difficult tasks for job seekers. Many find it difficult to steer away from a career path or make a change, even if it doesn’t feel right. Miller urges job seekers to open their minds to other possibilities beyond what they are currently doing. Step 2: Commitment to being who you are, not who or what someone wants you to be. Look at the \gifts and talents you have and make a commitment to pursue those things that you love most. If you love the social aspects of your job, but are stuck inside an office or “chained to your desk” most of the time, vow to follow your instinct and investigate alternative careers and work that allow you more time to interact with others. Dawn worked as a manager for a large retail clothing store for several years. Though she had advanced within the company, she felt frustrated and longed to be involved with nature and the outdoors. She decided to go to school nights and weekends to pursue her true passion by earning her master’s degree in forestry. She now works in the biotech forestry division of a major paper company. Step 3: Self-definition Miller suggests that once job seekers know who they are, they need to know how to sell themselves. “In the job market, you are a product. And just like a product, you most know the features and benefits that you have to offer a potential client, or employer.” Examine the skills and knowledge that you have identify how they can apply to your desired occupation. Your qualities will exhibit to employers why they should hire you over other candidates. Step 4: Attain a level of self-honoring. Self-honoring or self-love may seem like an odd step for job hunters, but being able to accept yourself, without judgment, helps eliminate insecurities and will make you more self-assured. By accepting who you are – all your emotions, hopes and dreams, your personality, and your unique way of being – you’ll project more confidence when networking and talking with potential employers. The power of self-honoring can help to break all the falsehoods you were programmed to believe – those that made you feel that you were not good enough, or strong enough, or intelligent enough to do what you truly desire. Step 5: Vision. Miller suggests that job seekers develop a vision that embraces the answer to “What do I really want to do?” one should create a solid statement in a dozen or so sentences that describe in detail how they see their life related to work. For instance, the secretary who longs to be an actress describes a life that allows her to express her love of Shakespeare on stage. A real estate agent, attracted to his current job because her loves fixing up old homes, describes buying properties that need a little tender loving care to make them more saleable. Step 6: Appropriate risk. Some philosophers believe that the way to enlightenment comes through facing obstacles and difficulties. Once people discover their passion, many are too scared to do anything about it. Instead, they do nothing. With this step, job seekers should assess what they are willing to give up, or risk, in pursuit of their dream. For one working 1056289742 12/11/2011 mom, that meant taking night classes to learn new computer-aided design skills, while still earning a salary and keeping her day job. For someone else, it may mean quitting his or her job, taking out loan and going back to school full time. You’ll move one step closer to your ideal work life if you identify how much risk you are willing to take and the sacrifices you are willing to make. Step 7: Action. Some teachers of philosophy describe action in this way, “If one wants to get to the top of a mountain, just sitting at the foot thinking about it will not bring one there. It is by making the effort of climbing up the mountain, step by step, that eventually the summit is reached.” All too often, it is the lack of action that ultimately holds people back from attaining their ideals. Creating a plan and taking it one step at a time can lead to new and different job opportunities. Job-hunting tasks gain added meaning as you sense their importance in your quest for a more meaningful work life. The plan can include researching industries and occupations, talking to people who are in your desired area of work, taking classes, or accepting volunteer work in your targeted field. Each of these steps will lead you on a journey to a happier and more rewarding work life. After all, it is the journey, not the destination, that is most important. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 1. According to the recent “Plans for 2004” survey, most people are unhappy with their current jobs. 2. Mary Lyn Miller’s job is to advise people on their life and career. 3. Mary Lyn Miller herself was once quite dissatisfied with her own work. 4. Many people find it difficult to make up their minds whether to change their career path. 5. According to Mary Lyn Miller, people considering changing their careers should commit themselves to the pursuit of ________. 6. In the job market, job seekers need to know how to sell themselves like ________. 7. During an interview with potential employers, self-honoring or self-love may help a job seeker to show ________. 8. Mary Lyn Miller suggests that a job seeker develop a vision that answers the question “________” 9. Many people are too scared to pursue their dreams because they are unwilling to ________. 10. What ultimately holds people back from attaining their ideals is ________. Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A) B) C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 11. A) Surfing the net. B) Watching a talk show. C) Packing a birthday gift. D) Shopping at a jewelry store.(A) 12. A) He enjoys finding fault with exams. B) He is sure of his success in the exam. C) He doesn’t know if he can do well in the exam. D) He used to get straight A’s in the exams he took.(B) 13. A) The man is generous with his good comments on people. 1056289742 12/11/2011 B) The woman is unsure if there will be peace in the world. C) The woman is doubtful about newspaper stories. D) The man is quite optimistic about human nature.(D) 14. A) Study for some profession. B) Attend a medical school. C) Stay in business. D) Sell his shop.(C) 15. A) More money. B) Fair treatment.C) A college education.D) Shorter work hours.(A) 16. A) She was exhausted from her trip. B) She missed the comforts of home. C) She was impressed by Mexican food. D) She will not go to Mexico again.(B) 17. A) Cheer herself up a bit. B) Find a more suitable job. C) Seek professional advice. D) Take a psychology course.(C) 18. A) He dresses more formally now. B) What he wears does not match his position. C) He has ignored his friends since graduation. D) He failed to do well at college.(A) Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 19. A) To go sightseeing. B) To have meetings. C) To promote a new champagne. D) To join in a training program.(B) 20. A) It can reduce the number of passenger complaints. B) It can make air travel more entertaining. C) It can cut down the expenses for air travel. D) It can lessen the discomfort caused by air travel.(D) 21. A) Took balanced meals with champagne. B) Ate vegetables and fruit only. C) Refrained from fish or meat. D) Avoided eating rich food.(D) 22. A) Many of them found it difficult to exercise on a plane. B) Many of them were concerned with their well-being. C) Not many of them chose to do what she did. D) Not many of them understood the program.(C) Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 23. A) At a fair. B) At a cafeteria. C) In a computer lab. D) In a shopping mall.(A) 24. A) The latest computer technology. B) The organizing of an exhibition. 1056289742 12/11/2011 C) The purchasing of some equipment. D) The dramatic changes in the job market.(C) 25. A) Data collection. B) Training consultancy. C) Corporate management. D) Information processing.(B) Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choice marked A) B) C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 Passage One Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard. 26. A) Improve themselves. B) Get rid of empty dreams. C) Follow the cultural tradition. D) Attempt something impossible.(A) 27. A) By finding sufficient support for implementation. B) By taking into account their own ability to change. C) By constantly keeping in mind their ultimate goals. D) By making detailed plans and carrying them out.(D) 28. A) To show people how to get their lives back to normal. B) To show how difficult it is for people to lose weight. C) To remind people to check the calories on food bags. D) To illustrate how easily people abandon their goals.(D) Passage Two Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard. 29. A) Michael’s parents got divorced. B) Karen was adopted by Ray Anderson. C) Karen’s mother died in a car accident. D) A truck driver lost his life in a collision.(B) 30. A) He ran a red light and collided with a truck. B) He sacrificed his life to save a baby girl. C) He was killed instantly in a burning car. D) He got married to Karen’s mother.(B) 31. A) The reported hero turned out to be his father. B) He did not understand his father till too late. C) Such misfortune should have fallen on him. D) It reminded him of his miserable childhood.(A) Passage Three Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard. 1056289742 12/11/2011 32. A) Germany. B) Japan. C) The U.S. D) The U.K.(B) 33. A) By doing odd jobs at weekends. B) By working long hours every day. C) By putting in more hours each week. D) By taking shorter vacations each year.(D) 34. A) To combat competition and raise productivity. 35. B) To provide them with more job opportunities. C) To help them maintain their living standard. D) To prevent them from holding a second job.(A) 35. A) Change their jobs. B) Earn more money. C) Reduce their working hours. D) Strengthen the government’s role.(C) Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 Nursing, as a typically female profession, must deal constantly with the false impression that nurses are there to wait on the physician. As nurses, we are (36) ________ to provide nursing care only. We do not have any legal or moral (37) ________ to any physician. We provide health teaching, (38) ________ physical as well as emotional problems, (39) ________ patient-related services, and make all of our nursing decisions based upon what is best or suitable for the patient. If, in any (40) ________, we feel that a physician’s order is (41) ________ or unsafe, we have a legal (42) ________ to question that order or refuse to carry it out. Nursing is not a nine-to-five job with every weekend off. All nurses are aware of that before they enter the profession. The emotional and physical stress. However, that occurs due to odd working hours is a (43) ________ reason for a lot of the career dissatisfaction. (44) ________________________________. That disturbs our personal lives, disrupts our sleeping and eating habits, and isolates us from everything except job-related friends and activities. The quality of nursing care is being affected dramatically by these situations. (45) ________________________________. Consumers of medically related services have evidently not been affected enough yet to demand changes in our medical system. But if trends continue as predicted, (46) ________________________________. Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your 1056289742 12/11/2011 answers on Answer Sheet 2. Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage. Google is a world-famous company, with its headquarters in Mountain View, California. It was set up in a Silicon Valley garage in 1998, and inflated (膨胀) with the Internet bubble. Even when everything around it collapsed the company kept on inflating. Google’s search engine is so widespread across the world that search became Google, and google became a verb. The world fell in love with the effective, fascinatingly fast technology. Google owes much of its success to the brilliance of S. Brin and L. Page, but also to a series of fortunate events. It was Page who, at Stanford in 1996, initiated the academic project that eventually became Google’s search engine. Brin, who had met Page at a student orientation a year earlier, joined the project early on. They were both Ph.D. candidates when they devised the search engine which was better than the rest and, without any marketing, spread by word of mouth from early adopters to, eventually, your grandmother. Their breakthrough, simply put, was that when their search engine crawled the Web, it did more than just look for word matches, it also tallied (统计) and ranked a host of other critical factors like how websites link to one another. That delivered far better results than anything else. Brin and Page meant to name their creation Googol (the mathematical term for the number 1 followed by 100 zeroes), but someone misspelled the word so it stuck as Google. They raised money from prescient (有先见之明的) professors and venture capitalists, and moved off campus to turn Google into business. Perhaps their biggest stroke of luck came early on when they tried to sell their technology to other search engines, but no one met their price, and they built it up on their own. The next breakthrough came in 2000, when Google figured out how to make money with its invention. It had lots of users, but almost no one was paying. The solution turned out to be advertising, and it’s not an exaggeration to say that Google is now essentially an advertising company, given that that’s the source of nearly all its revenue. Today it is a giant advertising company, worth $100 billion. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 47. Apart from a series of fortunate events, what is it that has made Google so successful? 48. Google’s search engine originated from ________ started by L. Page. 49. How did Google’s search engine spread all over the world? 50. Brin and Page decided to set up their own business because no one would ________. 51. The revenue of the Google company is largely generated from ________. Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C), and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage. You hear the refrain all the time: the U.S. economy looks good statistically, but it doesn’t feel good. Why doesn’t ever-greater wealth promote ever-greater happiness? It is a question that dates at least to the appearance in 1958 of The Affluent (富裕的) Society by John Kenneth Galbraith, who died recently at 97. The Affluent Society is a modern classic because it helped define a new moment in the human condition. For most of history, “hunger, sickness, and cold” threatened nearly everyone, Galbraith wrote. “Poverty was found everywhere in that world. Obviously it is not of ours.” After World War II, the dread of another Great Depression gave way to an economic boom. In the 1930s unemployment had averaged 18.2 percent; in the 1950s it was 4.5 percent. To Galbraith, materialism had gone mad and would breed discontent. Through advertising, companies conditioned consumers to buy things they didn’t really want or need. Because so much spending was artificial, it 1056289742 12/11/2011 would be unfulfilling. Meanwhile, government spending that would make everyone better off was being cut down because people instinctively—and wrongly—labeled government only as “a necessary evil.” It’s often said that only the rich are getting ahead; everyone else is standing still or falling behind. Well, there are many undeserving rich—overpaid chief executives, for instance. But over any meaningful period, most people’s incomes are increasing. From 1995 to 2004, inflation-adjusted average family income rose 14.3 percent, to $43,200. people feel “squeezed” because their rising incomes often don’t satisfy their rising wants—for bigger homes, more health care, more education, faster Internet connections. The other great frustration is that it has not eliminated insecurity. People regard job stability as part of their standard of living. As corporate layoffs increased, that part has eroded. More workers fear they’ve become “the disposable American,” as Louis Uchitelle puts it in his book by the same name. Because so much previous suffering and social conflict stemmed from poverty, the arrival of widespread affluence suggested utopian (乌托邦式的) possibilities. Up to a point, affluence succeeds. There is much les physical misery than before. People are better off. Unfortunately, affluence also creates new complaints and contradictions. Advanced societies need economic growth to satisfy the multiplying wants of their citizens. But the quest for growth lets loose new anxieties and economic conflicts that disturb the social order. Affluence liberates the individual, promising that everyone can choose a unique way to self-fulfillment. But the promise is so extravagant that it predestines many disappointments and sometimes inspires choices that have anti-social consequences, including family breakdown and obesity (肥胖症). Statistical indicators of happiness have not risen with incomes. Should we be surprised? Not really. We’ve simply reaffirmed an old truth: the pursuit of affluence does not always end with happiness. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 52. What question does John Kenneth Galbraith raise in his book The Affluent Society? A) Why statistics don’t tell the truth about the economy. B) Why affluence doesn’t guarantee happiness. C) How happiness can be promoted today. D) What lies behind an economic boom.(B) 53. According to Galbraith, people feel discontented because ________. A) public spending hasn’t been cut down as expected B) the government has proved to be a necessary evil C) they are in fear of another Great Depression D) materialism has run wild in modern society(D) 54. Why do people feel squeezed when their average income rises considerably? A) Their material pursuits have gone far ahead of their earnings. B) Their purchasing power has dropped markedly with inflation. C) The distribution of wealth is uneven between the r5ich and the poor. D) Health care and educational cost have somehow gone out of control.(A) 55. What does Louis Uchitelle mean by “the disposable American” (Line 3, Para. 5)? A) Those who see job stability as part of their living standard. B) People full of utopian ideas resulting from affluence. C) People who have little say in American politics. D) Workers who no longer have secure jobs.(D) 56. What has affluence brought to American society? A) Renewed economic security. B) A sense of self-fulfillment. C) New conflicts and complaints. 1056289742 12/11/2011 D) Misery and anti-social behavior.(C) Passage Two Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage. The use of deferential (敬重的) language is symbolic of the Confucian ideal of the woman, which dominates conservative gender norms in Japan. This ideal presents a woman who withdraws quietly to the background, subordinating her life and needs to those of her family and its male head. She is a dutiful daughter, wife, and mother, master of the domestic arts. The typical refined Japanese woman excels in modesty and delicacy; she “treads softly (谨言慎行)in the world,” elevating feminine beauty and grace to an art form. Nowadays, it is commonly observed that young women are not conforming to the feminine linguistic (语言的) ideal. They are using fewer of the very deferential “women’s” forms, and even using the few strong forms that are know as “men’s.” This, of course, attracts considerable attention and has led to an outcry in the Japanese media against the defeminization of women’s language. Indeed, we didn’t hear about “men’s language” until people began to respond to girls’ appropriation of forms normally reserved for boys and men. There is considerable sentiment about the “corruption” of women’s language—which of course is viewed as part of the loss of feminine ideals and morality—and this sentiment is crystallized by nationwide opinion polls that are regularly carried out by the media. Yoshiko Matsumoto has argued that young women probably never used as many of the highly deferential forms as older women. This highly polite style is no doubt something that young women have been expected to “grow into”—after all, it is assign not simply of femininity, but of maturity and refinement, and its use could be taken to indicate a change in the nature of one’s social relations as well. One might well imagine little girls using exceedingly polite forms when playing house or imitating older women—in a fashion analogous to little girls’ use of a high-pitched voice to do “teacher talk” or “mother talk” in role play. The fact that young Japanese women are using less deferential language is a sure sign of change—of social change and of linguistic change. But it is most certainly not a sign of the “masculization” of girls. In some instances, it may be a sign that girls are making the same claim to authority as boys and men, but that is very different from saying that they are trying to be “masculine.” Katsue Reynolds has argued that girls nowadays are using more assertive language strategies in order to be able to compete with boys in schools and out. Social change also brings not simply different positions for women and girls, but different relations to life stages, and adolescent girls are participating in new subcultural forms. Thus what may, to an older speaker, seem like “masculine” speech may seem to an adolescent like “liberated” or “hip” speech. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 57. The first paragraph describes in detail ________. A) the standards set for contemporary Japanese women B) the Confucian influence on gender norms in Japan C) the stereotyped role of women in Japanese families D) the norms for traditional Japanese women to follow(B) 58. What change has been observed in today’s young Japanese women? A) They pay less attention to their linguistic behavior. B) The use fewer of the deferential linguistic forms. C) They confuse male and female forms of language. D) They employ very strong linguistic expressions.(B) 59. How do some people react to women’s appropriation of men’s language forms as reported in the Japanese media? A) They call for a campaign to stop the defeminization. 1056289742 12/11/2011 B) The see it as an expression of women’s sentiment. C) They accept it as a modern trend. D) They express strong disapproval.(D) 60. According to Yoshiko Matsumoto, the linguistic behavior observed in today’s young women ________. A) may lead to changes in social relations B) has been true of all past generations C) is viewed as a sign of their maturity D) is a result of rapid social progress(A) 61. The author believes that the use of assertive language by young Japanese women is ________. A) a sure sign of their defeminization and maturation B) an indication of their defiance against social change C) one of their strategies to compete in a male-dominated society D) an inevitable trend of linguistic development in Japan today(C) Part V Cloze (15 minutes) Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 Historically, humans get serious about avoiding disasters only after one has just struck them. __62__ that logic, 2006 should have been a breakthrough year for rational behavior. With the memory of 9/11 still __63__ in their minds, Americans watched hurricane Katrina, the most expensive disaster in U.S. history, on __64__ TV. Anyone who didn’t know it before should have learned that bad things can happen. And they are made __65__ worse by our willful blindness to risk as much as our __66__ to work together before everything goes to hell. Granted, some amount of delusion (错觉) is probably part of the __67__ condition. In A.D. 63, Pompeii was seriously damaged by an earthquake, and the locals immediately went to work __68__, in the same spot—until they were buried altogether by a volcano eruption 16 years later. But a __69__ of the past year in disaster history suggests that modern Americans are particularly bad at __70__ themselves from guaranteed threats. We know more than we __71__ did about the dangers we face. But it turns __72__ that in times of crisis, our greatest enemy is __73__ the storm, the quake or the __74__ itself. More often, it is ourselves. So what has happened in the year that __75__ the disaster on the Gulf Coast? In New Orleans, the Army Corps of Engineers has worked day and night to rebuild the flood walls. They have got the walls to __76__ they were before Katrina, more or less. That’s not __77__, we can now say with confidence. But it may be all __78__ can be expected from one year of hustle (忙碌). Meanwhile, New Orleans officials have crafted a plan to use buses and trains to __79__ the sick and the disabled. The city estimates that 15,000 people will need a __80__ out. However, state officials have not yet determined where these people will be taken. The __81__ with neighboring communities are ongoing and difficult. 62. A) To B) By C) On D) For(B) 63. A) fresh B) obvious C) apparent D) evident(A) 64. A) visual B) vivid C) lD) lively(C) 65. A) little B) less C) more D) much(D) 66. A) reluctance B) rejection C) denial D) decline(A) 67. A) natural B) world C) social D) human(D) 68. A) revising B) refining C) rebuilding D) retrieving(C) 69. A) review B) reminder C) concept D) prospect(A) 70. A) preparing B) protesting C) protecting D) prevailing(C) 1056289742 12/11/2011 71. A) never B) ever C) then D) before(B) 72. A) up B) down C) over D) out(D) 73. A) merely B) rarely C) incidentally D) accidentally(B) 74. A) surge B) spur C) surf D) splash(A) 75. A) ensued B) traced C) followed D) occurred(C) 76. A) which B) where C) what D) when(B) 77. A) enough B) certain C) conclusive D) final(A) 78. A) but B) as C) that D) those(C) 79. A) exile B) evacuate C) dismiss D) displace(B) 80. A) ride B) trail C) path D) track(A) 81. A) conventions B) notifications C) communications D) negotiations(D) Part VI Translation (5 minutes) Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答，只需写出译文部分。 82. The auto manufacturers found themselves ________________________ (正在同外国公司竞争市场的份额). 83. Only in the small town ________________________ (他才感到安全和放松). 84. It is absolutely unfair that these children ________________________ (被剥夺了受教育的权利). 85. Our years of hard work are all in vain, ________________________ (更别提我们花费的大量金钱了). 86. The problems of blacks and women ________________________ (最近几十年受到公众相当大的关注). 2007年6月23日六级参考答案 Part I Writing (30 minutes) Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) 1. N 2. Y 3. NG 4. Y 5.those things that they love most 6. products 7. more confidence 8. What do I really want to do? 9. give up, or risk 10. the lack of action Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes) 11. A) Surfing the net. 12. B) He is sure of his success in the exam. 13. D) The man is quite optimistic about human nature. 14. C) Stay in business. 15. A) More money. 16. B) She missed the comforts of home. 17. C) Seek professional advice. 18. A) He dresses more formally now. 19. B) To have meetings. 20. D) It can lessen the discomfort caused by air travel. 1056289742 12/11/2011 21. D) Avoided eating rich food. 22. C) Not many of them chose to do what she did 23. A) At a fair. 24. C) The purchasing of some equipment. 25. B) Training consultancy. 26. A) Improve themselves. 27. D) By making detailed plans and carrying them out. 28. D) To illustrate how easily people abandon their goals. 29. B) Karen was adopted by Ray Anderson. 30. B) He sacrificed his life to save a baby girl. 31. A) The reported hero turned out to be his father. 32. B) Japan. 33. D) By taking shorter vacations each year. 34. A) To combat competition and raise productivity. 35. C) Reducing their working hours. 36. licensed 37. obligation 38. assess 39. coordinate 40. circumstance 41. inappropriate 42. responsibility 43. prime 44. It is sometimes required that we work overtime, and that we change shifts four or five times a month. 45. Most hospitals are now staffed by new graduates, as experienced nurses finally give up trying to change the system. 1056289742 12/11/2011 46. they will find that most critical hospital cares will be provided by new, inexperienced, and sometimes inadequately trained nurses. Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes) 47. The brilliance of S. Brin and L. Page 48. the academic project 49. By word of mouth 50. meet their price 51. advertising 52. B) Why affluence doesn’t guarantee happiness? 53. D) materialism has run wild in modern society 54. A) Their material pursuits have gone far ahead of their earnings. 55. D) Workers who no longer have secure jobs 56. C) New conflicts and complaints 57. B) the Confucian influence on gender norms in Japan 58. B) They use fewer of the deferential linguistic form 59. D) They express strong disapproval 60. A) may lead to changes in social relations 61. C) one of their strategies to compete in a male-dominated society Part V Cloze (15 minutes) 62. B) By 63. A) fresh 64. C) live 65.D) much 66. A) reluctance 67. D) human 68. C) rebuilding 69. A) review 70. C) protecting 71. B) ever 72. D) out 73. B) rarely 74. A) surge 75. C) followed 76. B) where 77. A) enough 1056289742 12/11/2011 78. C) that 79. B) evacuate 80.A) ride 81. D) negotiations Part VI Translation (5 minutes) 82. competing with foreign firms for market share 83. does he feel secure and relaxed 84. are deprived of the rights to receive education 85. not to mention / let alone the large amount of money we have spent 86. have gained / caused considerable public concern in recent decades 2007年12月英语六级真题及答案 Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Digital Age. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. 1. 如今数字化产品得到越来越广泛的使用，并举例 2. 数字化产品的使用对人工作，学习，生活产生的影响 Digital Age ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. For questions 8 -10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Seven Ways to Save the World Forget the old idea that conserving energy is a form of self-denial — riding bicycles, dimming the lights, and taking fewer showers. These days conservation is all about efficiency: getting the same — or better — results from just a fraction of the energy. When a slump in business travel forced Ulrich Rǒmer to cut cost costs at his family-owned hotel in Germany, he replaced hundreds of the hotel’s wasteful light bulbs, getting the same light for 80 percent less power. He bought a new water boiler with a digitally controlled pump, and wrapped insulation around the pipes. Spending about ? 100,000 on these and other improvements, he slashed his ? 90,000 fuel and power bill by ? 60,000. As a bonus, the hotel’s lower energy needs have reduced its annual carbon emissions by more than 200 metric tons. “For us, saving energy has been very, very profitable,” he says. “And most importantly, we’re not giving up a single comfort for our guests.” Efficiency is also a great way to lower carbon emissions and help slow global warming. But the best argument for efficiency is its cost — or, more precisely, its profitability. That’s because quickly growing energy demand requires immense investment in new supply, not to mention the drain of rising energy prices. No wonder efficiency has moved to the top of the political agenda. On Jan. 10, the European Union unveiled a 1056289742 12/11/2011 plan to cut energy use across the continent by 20 percent by 2020. Last March, China imposed a 20 percent increase in energy efficiency by 2020. Even George W. Bush, the Texas oilman, is expected to talk about energy conversation in his State of the Union speech this week. The good news is that the world is full of proven, cheap ways to save energy. Here are the seven that could have the biggest impact: Insulate Space heating and cooling eats up 36 percent of all the world’s energy. There’s virtually no limit to how much of that can be saved, as prototype “zero-energy homes” in Switzerland and Germany have shown. There’s been a surge in new ways of keeping heat in and cold out (or vice versa). The most advanced insulation follows the law of increasing returns: if you add enough, you can scale down or even eliminate heating and air-conditioning equipment, lowering costs even before you start saving on utility bills. Studies have shown that green workplaces (ones that don’t constantly need to have the heat or air-conditioner running) have higher worker productivity and lower sick rates. Change Bulbs Lighting eats up 20 percent of the world’s electricity, or the equivalent of roughly 600,000 tons of coal a day. Forty percent of that powers old-fashioned incandescent light bulbs — a 19th-century technology that wastes most of the power it consumes on unwanted heat. Compact fluorescent lamps, or CFLs, not only use 75 to 80 percent less electricity than incandescent bulbs to generate the same amount of light, but they also last 10 times longer. Phasing old bulbs out by 2030 would save the output of 650 power plants and avoid the release of 700 million tons of carbon into the atmosphere each year. Comfort Zone Water boilers, space heaters and air conditioners have been notoriously inefficient. The heat pump has altered that equation. It removes heat from the air outside or the ground below and uses it to supply heat to a building or its water supply. In the summer, the system can be reversed to cool building as well. Most new residential buildings in Sweden are already heated with ground-source heat pumps. Such systems consume almost no conventional fuel at all. Several countries have used subsidies to jump-start the market, including Japan, where almost 1 million heat pumps have been installed in the past two years to heat water for showers and hot tubs. Remake Factories From steel mills to paper factories, industry eats up about a third of the world’s energy. The opportunities to save are vast. In Ludwigshafen, German chemicals giant BASF runs an interconnected complex of more than 200 chemical factories, where heat produced by one chemical process is used to power the next. At the Ludwigshafen site alone, such recycling of heat and energy saves the company ? 200 million a year and almost half its CO 2 emissions. Now BASF is doing the same for new plants in China. “Optimizing (优化) energy efficiency is a decisive competitive advantage, ” says BASF CEO Jǔrgen Hambrecht. Green Driving A quarter of the world’s energy — including two thirds of the annual production of oil — is used for transportation. Some savings come free of charge: you can boost fuel efficiency by 6 percent simply by keeping your car’s tires properly inflated (充气). Gasoline-electric hybrid (混合型) models like the Toyota Prius improve mileage by a further 20 percent over conventional models. A Better Fridge More than half of all residential power goes into running household appliances，producing a fifth of the world’s carbon emissions. And that’s true even though manufacturers have already hiked the efficiency of refrigerators and other white goods by as much as 70 percent since the 1980s. According to an International Energy Agency study, if consumers chose those models that would save them the most money over the life of the appliance, they’d cut 1056289742 12/11/2011 global residential power consumption and their utility bills by 43 percent. Flexible Payment Who says you have to pay for all your conservation investment,“Energy service contractors” will pay for retrofitting (翻折改造) in return for a share of the client’s annual utility-bill savings. In Beijing, Shenwu Thermal Energy Technology Co. specializes in retrofitting China’s steel furnaces. Shenwu puts up the initial investment to install a heat exchanger that preheats the air going into the furnace，slashing the client’s fuel costs . Shenwu pockets a cut of those savings, so both Shenwu and the client profit. If saving energy is so easy and profitable, why isn’t everyone doing it? It has to do with psychology and a lack of information. Most of us tend to look at today’s price tag more than tomorrow’s potential savings. That holds double for the landlord or developer, who won’t actually see a penny of the savings his investment in better insulation or a better heating system might generate. In many people’s minds, conservation is still associated with self-denial. Many environmentalists still push that view. Smart governments can help push the market in the right direction. The EU’s 1994 law on labeling was such a success that it extended the same idea to entire buildings last year. To boost the market value of efficiency, all new buildings are required to have an “energy pass” detailing power and heating consumption. Countries like Japan and Germany have successively tightened building codes, requiring an increase in insulation levels but leaving it up to builders to decide how to meet them. The most powerful incentives, of course, will come from the market itself. Over the past year, sky-high fuel prices have focused minds on efficiency like never before. Ever-increasing pressure to cut costs has finally forced more companies to do some math on their energy use. Will it be enough? With global demand and emissions rising so fast, we may not have any choice but to try. Efficient technology is here now, proven and cheap. Compared with all other options, it’s the biggest, easiest and most profitable bang for the buck. 1. What is said to be the best way to conserve energy nowadays? [A] Raising efficiently. [B] Cutting unnecessary costs. [C] Finding alternative resources [D] Sacrificing some personal comforts. 2. What does the European Union plan to do? [A] Diversify energy supply. [B] Cut energy consumption. [C] Reduce carbon emissions. [D] Raise production efficiency. 3. If you add enough insulation to your house, you may be able to _______. [A] improve your work environment [B] cut your utility bills by half. [C] get rid of air-conditioners [D] enjoy much better health 4. How much of the power consumed by incandescent bulbs is converted into light? [A] A small portion. [B] Some 40 percent [C] Almost half. [D] 75 to 80 percent. 5. Some countries have tired to jump-start the market of heat pumps by_________. [A] upgrading the equipment [B] encouraging investments [C] implementing high-tech [D] providing subsidies 6. German chemicals giant BASF saves ? 200 million a year by_________. [A] recycling heat and energy [B] setting up factories in China [C] using the newest technology [D] reducing the CO emissions of its plants 2 7. Global residential power consumption can be cut by 43 percent if________. [A] we increase the insulation of walls and water pipes [B] we choose simpler models of electrical appliances [C] we cut down on the use of refrigerators and other white goods 1056289742 12/11/2011 [D] we choose the most efficient models of refrigerators and other white goods 8. Energy service contractors profit by taking a part of clients’__________. 9. Many environmentalists maintain the view that conservation has much to do with___________. 10. The strongest incentive energy conservation will drive from_____________. Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 11. [A] Proceed in his own way. [B] Stick to the original plan. [C] Compromise with his colleague. [D] Try to change his colleague’s mind. 12. [A] Many has a keen eye for style. [B] Nancy regrets buying the dress. [C] Nancy and Mary went shopping together in Rome. [D] Nancy and Mary like to follow the latest fashion. 13. [A] Wash the dishes. [B] Go to the theatre. [C] Pick up George and Martha. [D] Take her daughter to hospital. 14. [A] She enjoys making up stories about other people. [B] She can never keep anything to herself for long. [C] She is eager to share news with the woman. [D] She is the best informed woman in town. 15. [A] A car dealer. [B] A mechanic. [C] A driving examiner. [D] A technical consultant. 16. [A] The shopping mall has been deserted recently. [B] Shoppers can only find good stores in the mall. [C] Lots of people moved out of the downtown area. [D] There isn’t much business downtown nowadays. 17. [A] He will help the woman with her reading. [B] The lounge is not a place for him to study in. [C] He feels sleepy whenever he tries to study. [D] A cozy place is rather hard to find on campus. 18. [A] To protect her from getting scratches. [B] To help relieve her of the pain. [C] To prevent mosquito bites. [D] To avoid getting sun burnt. Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 19. [A] In a studio. [B] In a clothing store. [C] At a beach resort. [D] At a fashion show. 20. [A] To live there permanently. [B] To stay there for half a year. [C] To find a better job to support herself. 1056289742 12/11/2011 [D] To sell leather goods for a British company. 21. [A] Designing fashion items for several companies. [B] Modeling for a world-famous Italian company. [C] Working as an employee for Ferragamo. [D] Serving as a sales agent for Burberrys. 22. [A] It has seen a steady decline in its profits. [B] It has become much more competitive. [C] It has lost many customers to foreign companies. [D] It has attracted a lot more designers from abroad. Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 23. [A] It helps her to attract more public attention. [B] It improves her chance of getting promoted. [C] It strengthens her relationship with students. [D] It enables her to understand people better. 24. [A] Passively. [B] Positively. [C] Skeptically. [D] Sensitively. 25. [A] It keeps haunting her day and night. [B] Her teaching was somewhat affected by it. [C] It vanishes the moment she steps into her role. [D] Her mind goes blank once she gets on the stage. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard. 26. [A] To win over the majority of passengers from airlines in twenty years. [B] To reform railroad management in western European countries. [C] To electrify the railway lines between major European cities. [D] To set up an express train network throughout Europe. 27. [A] Major European airlines will go bankrupt. [B] Europeans will pay much less for traveling. [C] Traveling time by train between major European cities will be cut by half. [D] Trains will become the safest and most efficient means of travel in Europe. 28. [A] Train travel will prove much more comfortable than air travel. [B] Passengers will feel much safer on board a train than on a plane. [C] Rail transport will be environmentally friendlier than air transport. [D] Traveling by train may be as quick as, or even quicker than, by air. 29. [A] In 1981. [B] In 1989. [C] In 1990. [D] In 2000. Passage Two Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard. 30. [A] There can be no speedy recovery for mental patients. [B] Approaches to healing patients are essentially the same. 1056289742 12/11/2011 [C] The mind and body should be taken as an integral whole. [D] There is no clear division of labor in the medical profession. 31. [A] A doctor’s fame strengthens the patients’ faith in them. [B] Abuse of medicines is widespread in many urban hospitals. [C] One third of the patients depend on harmless substances for cure. [D] A patient’s expectations of a drug have an effect on their recovery. 32. [A] Expensive drugs may not prove the most effective. [B] The workings of the mind may help patients recover. [C] Doctors often exaggerate the effect of their remedies. [D] Most illnesses can be cured without medication. Passage Three Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard. 33. [A] Enjoying strong feelings and emotions. [B] Defying all dangers when they have to. [C] Being fond of making sensational news. [D] Dreaming of becoming famous one day. 34. [A] Working in an emergency room. [B] Listening to rock music. [C] Watching horror movies. [D] Doing daily routines. 35. [A] A rock climber. [B] A psychologist. [C] A resident doctor. [D] A career consultant. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. If you’re like most people, you’ve indulged in fake listening many times. You go to history class, sit in the third row, and look (36) ________ at the instructor as she speaks. But your mind is far away, (37)_________ in the clouds of pleasant daydreams. (38)__________ you come back to earth: The instructor writes an important term on the chalkboard, and you (39)___________ copy it in you notebook. Every once in a while the instructor makes a (40)_________ remark, causing others in the class to laugh. You smile politely, pretending that you’ve heard the remark and found it mildly (41)__________. You have a vague sense of (42)________ that you aren’t paying close attention. But you tell yourself that any (43) __________ you miss can be picked up from a friend’s notes. Besides, (44)____________________.So back you go into your private little world, only later do you realize you’ve missed important information for a test. Fake listening may be easily exposed, since many speakers are sensitive to facial cues and can tell if you’re merely pretending to listen. (45)___________________. Even if you are not exposed there’s another reason to avoid fakery. It’s easy for this behavior to become a habit. For some people, the habit is so deeply rooted that (46)__________________________. As a result, they miss lots of valuable information. Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes) 1056289742 12/11/2011 Section A Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer sheet 2. Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage. Men, these days, are embracing fatherhood with the round-the-clock involvement their partners have always dreamed of — handling night feedings, packing lunches and bandaging knees. But unlike women, many find they’re negotiating their new roles with little support or information. “Men in my generation (aged 25-40) have a fear of becoming dads because we have no role models,” says Jon Smith, a writer. They often find themselves excluded from mothers’ support networks, and are eyed warily (警觉地) on the playground. The challenge is particularly evident in the work-place. There, men are still expected to be breadwinners climbing the corporate ladder: traditionally-minded bosses are often unsympathetic to family needs. In Denmark most new fathers only take two weeks of paternity leave (父亲的陪产假) — even though they are allowed 34 days. As much as if not more so than women, fathers struggle to be taken seriously when they request flexible arrangements. Though Wilfried-Fritz Maring, 54, a data-bank and Internet specialist with German firm FIZ Karlsruhe, feels that the time he spends with his daughter outweighs any disadvantages, he admits, “With my decision to work from home I dismissed any opportunity for promotion.” Mind-sets (思维定势) are changing gradually. When Maring had a daughter, the company equipped him with a home office and allowed him to choose a job that could be performed from there. Danish telecom company TDC initiated an internal campaign last year to encourage dads to take paternity leave: 97 percent now do. “When an employee goes on paternity leave and is with his kids, he gets a new kind of training: in how to keep cool under stress.” says spokesperson Christine Elberg Holm. For a new generation of dads, kids may come before the company , but it’s a shift that benefits both. 47. Unlike women, men often get little support or information from . 48. Besides supporting the family, men were also expected to . 49. Like women, men hope that their desire for a flexible schedule will be . 50. When Maring was on paternity leave, he was allowed by his company to work . 51. Christine Holm believes paternity leave provides a new kind of training for men in that it can help them cope with . Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage. Like most people, I’ve long understood that I will be judged by my occupation, that my profession is a gauge people use to see how smart or talented I am. Recently, however, I was disappointed to see that it also decides how I’m treated as a person. Last year I left a professional position as a small-town reporter and took a job waiting tables. As someone paid to serve food to people. I had customers say and do things to me I suspect they’d never say or do to their most casual acquaintances. One night a man talking on his cell phone waved me away, then beckoned (示意) me back with his 1056289742 12/11/2011 finger minute later, complaining he was ready to order and asking where I’d been. I had waited tables during summers in college and was treated like a peon (勤杂工) plenty of people. But at 19 years old, I believed I deserved inferior treatment from professional adults. Besides, people responded to me differently after I told them I was in college. Customers would joke that one day I’d be sitting at their table, waiting to be served. Once I graduated I took a job at a community newspaper. From my first day, I heard a respectful tone from everyone who called me. I assumed this was the way the professional world worked — cordially. I soon found out differently. I sat several feet away from an advertising sales representative with a similar name. Our calls would often get mixed up and someone asking for Kristen would be transferred to Christie. The mistake was immediately evident. Perhaps it was because money was involved, but people used a tone with Kristen that they never used with me. My job title made people treat me with courtesy. So it was a shock to return to the restaurant industry. It’s no secret that there’s a lot to put up with when waiting tables, and fortunately, much of it can be easily forgotten when you pocket the tips. The service industry, by definition, exists to cater to others’ needs. Still, it seemed that many of my customers didn’t get the difference between server and servant. I’m now applying to graduated school, which means someday I’ll return to a profession where people need to be nice to me in order to get what they want, I think I’ll take them to dinner first, and see how they treat someone whose only job is to serve them. 52. The author was disappointed to find that _______. *A+ one’s position is used as a gauge to measure one’s intelligence [B] talented people like her should fail to get a respectable job *C+ one’s occupation affects the way one is treated as a person [D] professionals tend to look down upon manual workers 53. What does the author intend to say by the example in the second paragraph? [A] Some customers simply show no respect to those who serve them. [B] People absorbed in a phone conversation tend to be absent-minded. [C] Waitresses are often treated by customers as casual acquaintances. [D] Some customers like to make loud complaints for no reason at all. 54. How did the author feel when waiting tables at the age of 19? [A] She felt it unfair to be treated as a mere servant by professional. [B] She felt badly hurt when her customers regarded her as a peon. [C] She was embarrassed each time her customers joked with her. [D] She found it natural for professionals to treat her as inferior. 55. What does the author imply by saying “…many of my customers didn’t get the difference between server and servant”(Lines 3-4, Para.7)? *A+ Those who cater to others’ needs are destined to be looked down upon. *B+ Those working in the service industry shouldn’t be treated as servants. [C] Those serving others have to put up with rough treatment to earn a living. [D] The majority of customers tend to look on a servant as server nowadays. 56. The author says she’ll one day take her clients to dinner in order to ________. [A] see what kind of person they are [B] experience the feeling of being served [C] show her generosity towards people inferior to her [D] arouse their sympathy for people living a humble life Passage Two 1056289742 12/11/2011 Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage. What’s hot for 2007 among the very rich? A $7.3million diamond ring. A trip to Tanzania to hunt wild animals. Oh, and income inequality. Sure, some leftish billionaires like George Soros have been railing against income inequality for years. But increasingly, centrist and right-wing billionaires are staring to worry about income inequality and the fate of the middle class. In December, Mortimer Zuckerman wrote a column in U.S. News & World Report, which he owns. “our nation’s thcore bargain with the middle class is disintegrating,” lamented (哀叹) the 117-richest man in America. “Most of our economic gains have gone to people at the very top of the income ladder. Average income for a household of people of working age, by contrast, has fallen five years in a raw.” He noted that “Tens of millions of Americans live in fear that a major health problem can reduce them to bankruptcy.” Wilbur Ross Jr. has echoed Zuckerman’s anger over the bitter struggles faced by middle-class Americans. “It’s an outrage that any American’s life expectancy should be shortened simply because the company they worked for went bankrupt and ended health-care coverage,” said the former chairman of the International Steel Group. What’s happening? The very rich are just as trendy as you and I, and can be so when it comes to politics and policy. Given the recent change of control in Congress, the popularity of measures like increasing the minimum wage, and efforts by California’s governor to offer universal health care, these guys don’t need their own personal weathermen to know which way the wind blows. It’s possible that plutocrats (有钱有势的人) are expressing solidarity with the struggling middle class as part of an effort to insulate themselves from confiscatory (没收性的) tax policies. But the prospect that income inequality will lead to higher taxes on the wealthy doesn’t keep plutocrats up at night. They can live with that. No, what they fear was that the political challenges of sustaining support for global economic integration will be more difficult in the United States because of what has happened to the distribution of income and economic insecurity. In other words, if middle-class Americans continue to struggle financially as the ultrawealthy grow ever wealthier, it will be increasingly difficult to maintain political support for the free flow of goods, services, and capital across borders. And when the United States places obstacles in the way of foreign investors and foreign goods, it’s likely to encourage reciprocal action abroad. For people who buy and sell companies, or who allocate capital to markets all around the world, that’s the real nightmare. 57. What is the current topic of common interest among the very rich in America? [A] The fate of the ultrawealthy people. [B] The disintegration of the middle class. [C] The inequality in the distribution of wealth. [D] The conflict between the left and the right wing. 58. What do we learn from Mortimer Zuckerman’s lamentation? [A] Many middle-income families have failed to make a bargain for better welfare. [B] The American economic system has caused companies to go bankrupt. [C] The American nation is becoming more and more divided despite its wealth. *D+ The majority of Americans benefit little from the nation’s growing wealth. 59. From the fifth paragraph we can learn that ________. [A] the very rich are fashion-conscious [B] the very rich are politically sensitive [C] universal health care is to be implemented throughout America [D] Congress has gained popularity by increasing the minimum wage 60. What is the real reason for plutocrats to express solidarity with the middle class? 1056289742 12/11/2011 [A] They want to protect themselves from confiscatory taxation. [B] They know that the middle class contributes most to society. [C] They want to gain support for global economic integration. [D] They feel increasingly threatened by economic insecurity. 61. What may happen if the United States places obstacles in the way of foreign investors and foreign goods? [A] The prices of imported goods will inevitably soar beyond control. [B] The investors will have to make great efforts to re-allocate capital. [C] The wealthy will attempt to buy foreign companies across borders. [D]. Foreign countries will place the same economic barriers in return. Part V Cloze (15 minutes) Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C]and [D] on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. In 1915 Einstein made a trip to Göttingen to give 62. [A]up [B]over some lectures at the invitation of the mathematical [C]out [D]off physicist David Hilbert. He was particularly eager , 63.[A]convince [B]counsel too eager, it would turn 62 , to explain all the [C]persuade [D] preach intricacies of relativity to him. The visit was a triumph, 64. [A]Above [B]Around and he said to a friend excitedly, ―I was able to 63 [C]Amid [D]Along Hilbert of the general theory of relativity.‖ 65. [A] emit [B] emerge 64 all of Einstein’s personal turmoil(焦躁) at the [C] submit [D] submerge time, a new scientific anxiety was about to 65 . He was 66. [A] imitate [B] ignite struggling to find the right equations that would 66 [C] describe [D] ascribe his new concept of gravity, 67 that would define how 67. [A] ones [B] those objects move 68 space and how space is curved by [C] all [D] none objects. By the end of the summer, he 69 the 68. [A] into [B] beyond mathematical approach he had been 70 for almost [C] among [D] through three years was flawed. And now there was a 71 69. [A] resolved [B] realized pressure. Einstein discovered to his 72 that Hilbert [C] accepted [D] assured had taken what he had learned from Einstein’s lectures 70. [A] pursuing [B] protecting and was racing to come up 73 the correct equations [C] contesting [D] contending first. 71. [A] complex [B] compatible It was an enormously complex task. Although [C] comparative [D] competitive Einstein was the better physicist, Hilbert was the better 72. [A] humor [B] horror mathematician. So in October 1915 Einstein 74 [C] excitement [D] extinction himself into a month-long frantic endeavor in 75 he 73. [A] to [B] for returned to an earlier mathematical strategy and wrestled [C] with [D] against with equations, proofs, corrections and updates that he 74. [A] threw [B] thrust 76 to give as lectures to Berlin’s Prussian Academy of [C] huddled [D] hopped Sciences on four 77 Thursdays. 75. [A] how [B] that His first lecture was delivered on Nov. 4. 1915, and [C] what [D] which it explained his new approach, 78 he admitted he did 76. [A] dashed [B] darted not yet have the precise mathematical formulation of it. [C] rushed [D] reeled 1056289742 12/11/2011 Einstein also took time off from 79 revising his 77. [A] successive [B] progressive equations to engage in an awkward fandango (方丹戈双[C] extensive [D] repetitive 人舞) with his competitor Hilbert. Worried 80 being 78. [A] so [B] since scooped(抢先)，he sent Hilbert a copy of his Nov. 4 [C] though [D] because lecture. ―I am 81 to know whether you will take 79. [A] casually [B] coarsely kindly to this new solution.‖ Einstein noted with a touch [C] violently [D] furiously of defensiveness. 80. [A] after [B] about [C] on [D] in 81. [A] curious [B] conscious [C] ambitious [D] ambiguous Part ? Translation (5 minutes) Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. 82. But for mobile phones, ___________________(我们的通信就不可能如此迅速和方便). 83. In handling an embarrassing situation_____________________(没有什么比幽默感更有帮助的了). 84. The Foreign Minister said he was resigning, _________________(但他拒绝进一步解释这样做的原因). 85. Human behavior is mostly a product of learning, ______________(而动物的行为主要依靠本能). 86. The witness was told that under no circumstances _______________(他都不应该对法庭说谎). 2007年12月大学英语六级考试答案 快速阅读 1 A) Raising efficiency 2 B) Cut energy consumption 3 C) Get rid of air-conditioners 4 A) A small proportion (新东方选B) Some forty percent 错) 5 D) Providing subsidies 6 A) Recycling heat and energy 7 D) We choose the most efficient models of refrigerators and other white goods 8 annual utility-bill savings. 9 self-denial. 10 the market itself. 听力 11. C Compromise with his colleague. 12. B Nancy regrets buying the dress. 13. A Wash the dishes. 14. C She is eager to share news with the woman. 15. B A mechanic. 16. D There isn't much business downtown nowadays. 17. B The lounge is not a place for him to study in. 18. C To prevent mosquito bites. 19. A In a studio. 20. B To stay there for half a year. 21. A Designing fashion items for several companies. 1056289742 12/11/2011 22. B It has become much more competitive. 23. D It enables her to understand people better. 24. B Positively. 25. C It vanishes the moment she steps into her role. 26. D To set up an express train network throughout Europe. 27. C Traveling time by train between major European cities will be cut by half. 28. D Traveling by train may be as quick as,or even quicker than by air. 29. A In 1981. 30. C The mind and body should be taken as an integral whole. 31. D A patient's expectations of a drug have an effect on their recovery. 32. B The workings of the mind may help patients recover. 33. A Enjoying strong feelings and emotions. 34. D Doing daily routines. 35. B A psychologist. 36. squarely 37. floating 38. Occasionally 39. dutifully 40. witty 41. humorous 42. guilt 43. material 44. the instructor's talking about road construction in ancient Rome, and nothing could be more boring 45. Your blank expression, and the faraway look in your eyes are the cues that betray you inattentiveness. 46. they automatically start daydreaming when a speaker begins talking on something complex or interesting 阅读简答 47 from mother’s support network. 48 climb the corporate ladder. 49 taken seriously. 50 at home. / in a home office 51 stress. 阅读Section B 52 C One’s occupationaffects the way one is treated as a person. 53 A Some customers simply show no respect to those who serve them. 54 D She found it natural for professionals to treat her as inferior. 55 B Those working in the service industry shouldn’t be treated as servants. 56 A See what kind of person they are. 57 C The inequality in the distribution of wealth. 58 C The American nation is becoming more and more divided despite its wealth 59 B The very rich are politically sensitive. 60 C They want to gain support for global economics’ integration. 61 D Foreign countries will place the same economic barriers in return. 完形 62.C) out 63.A) convince 64.C) Amid 65.B) emerge 66.C) describe 67.A) ones 68.D) through 69.B) realized 1056289742 12/11/2011 70.A) pursuing 71.D) competitive 72.B) horror 73.C) with 74.A) threw 75.D) which 76.C) rushed 77.A) successive 78.C) though 79.D) furiously 80.B) about 81.A) curious 翻译 82 our communication would not have been so rapid and convenient 83 nothing is more helpful than a sense of humor 84 but (he) refused to make further explanation( for doing so)/ to further explain why 85 while animal behavior depends mainly upon (on) their instinct(s) 86 should he lie to the court 2008年6月英语六级真题及答案 Part?Writing (30 minutes) Will E-books Replace Traditional Books? 1.随着信息技术的发展，电子图书越来越多 2.有人认为电子图书会取代传统图书，理由是…… 3.我的看法 注意:此部分试题在答题卡1上 Part ? Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1 For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D. For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. What will the world be like in fifty years? This week some top scientists, including Nobel Prize winners, gave their vision of how the world will look in 2056,fron gas-powered cars to extraordinary health advances, John Ingham reports on what the world’s finest minds believe our futures will be. For those of us lucky enough to live that long,2056 will be a world of almost perpetual youth, where obesity is a remote memory and robots become our companions. We will be rubbing shoulders with aliens and colonizing outer space. Better still, our descendants might at last live in a world at peace with itself. The prediction is that we will have found a source of inexbaustible, safe, green energy, and that science will have killed off religion. If they are right we will have removed two of the main causes of war-our dependence on oil and religious prejudice. Will we really, as today’s scientists claim, be able to live for ever or at least cheat the ageing process so that the average person lives to 150? Of course, all these predictions come with a scientific health warning. Harvard professor Steven Pinker says: “This is an invitation to look foolish, as with the predictions of domed cities and nuclear-powered vacuum cleaners that were made 50 year ago.” 1056289742 12/11/2011 Living longer Anthony Atala, director of the Wake Forest Institute in North Carolina, belives failing organs will be repaired by injecting cells into the body. They will naturally to straight to the injury and help heal it. A system of injections without needles could also slow the ageing process by using the same process to “tune” cells. Bruce Lahn, professor of human genetics at the University of Chicago, anticipates the ability to produce“unlimited supplies” of transplantable human organs without the needed a new organ, such as kidney, the surgeon would contact a commercial organ producer, give him the patient’s immuno-logical profile and would then be sent a kidney with the correct tissue type. These organs would be entirely composed of human cells, grown by introducing them into animal hosts, and alloweing them to deveoop into and organ in place of the animal’s own. But Prof. Lahn believes that farmed brains would be “off limits”.He says: “Very few people would want to have their brains replaced by someone else’s and we probably don’t want to put a human brain ing an animal body.” Richard Miller, a professor at the University of Michigan, thinks scientist could develop“an thentic anti-ageing drugs” by working out how cells in larger animals such as whales and human resist many forms of injuries. He says:“It’s is now routine, in laboratory mammals, to extend lifespan by about 40%. Turning on the same protective systems in people should, by 2056, create the first class of 100-year-olds who are as vigorous and productive as today’s people in their 60s” Aliens Conlin Pillinger ,professor of planerary sciences at the Open University,says:”I fancy that at least we will be able to show that life didi start to evolve on Mars well as Earth.”Within 50years he hopes scientists will prove that alien life came here in Martian meteorites(陨石). Chris McKay,a planetary scientist at NASA’s Ames Research Center.believes that in 50 years we may find evidence of alien life in ancient permanent forst of Mars or on other planers. He adds:”There is even a chance we will find alien life forms here on Earth.It mightbe as different as English is to Chinese. Priceton professor Freeman Dyson thinks it “likely” that life form outer space will be discovered defore 2056 because the tools for finding it, such as optical and radio detection and data processing,are improving. He ays:”As soon as the first evidence is found,we will know what to look for and additional discoveries are likely to follow quickly.Such discoveries are likely to have revolutionary consequences for biology, astronomy and philosophy. They may change the way we look at ourselves and our place in the universe. Colonies in space Richard Gottprofessor of astrophysics at Princeton,hopes man will set up a self-sufficient colony on Mars,which 1056289742 12/11/2011 would be a “life insurance policy against whatever catastrophes,natural or otherwise,might occur on Earth. “The real space race is whether we will colonise off Earth on to other worlds before money for the space programme runs out.” Spinal injuries Ellen Heber-Katz,a professor at the Wistar Institude in Philadelphia,foresees cures for inijuries causing paralysis such as the one that afflicated Superman star Christopher Reeve. She says:”I believe that the day is not far off when we will be able to profescribe drugs that cause severes(断裂 的) spinal cords to heal,hearts to regenerate and lost limbs to regrow. “People will come to expect that injured or diseased organs are meant to be repaired from within,inmuch the same way that we fix an appliance or automobile:by replancing the damaged part with a manufacturer-certified new part.”She predict that within 5 to 10 years fingers and toes will be regrown and limbs will start to be regrown a few years later. Reparies to the nervous system will start with optic nerves and,in time,the spinal cord.”Within 50years whole body replacement will be routine,”Prof.Heber-Katz adds. Obesity Sydney Brenner,senior distinguished fellow of the Crick-Jacobs Center in California,won the 2002 Noblel Prize for Medicine and says that if there is a global disaster some humans will survive-and evolition will favour small people with bodies large enough to support the required amount of brain power.”Obesity,”he says.”will have been solved.” Robots Rodney Brooks,professor of robotice at MIT,says the problems of developing artificial intelligence for robots will be at least partly overcome.As a result,”the possibilities for robots working with people will open up immensely” Energy Bill Joy,green technology expert in Califomia,says:”The most significant breakthrought would be to have an inexhaustible source of safe,green energy that is substantially cheaper than any existing energy source.” Ideally,such a source would be safe in that it could not be made into weapons and would not make hazardous or toxic waste or carbon dioxide,the main greenhouse gas blamed for global warming. Society Geoffrey Miller,evolutionary psychologist at the University of New Mexico,says:”The US will follow the UKin realizing that religion is nor a prerequisite (前提)for ordinary human decency. 1056289742 12/11/2011 “This,science will kill religion-not by reason challenging faith but by offering a more practical,uniwersal and rewarding moral frameworkfor human interaction.” He also predicts that “ahsurdly wasteful”displays of wealth will become umfashionable while the importance of close-knit communities and families will become clearer. These there changer,he says,will help make us all”brighe\ter,wiser,happier and kinder”. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 1.What is john lngham’s report about? A)A solution to the global energy crisis B)Extraordinary advances in technology. C)The latest developments of medical science D)Scientists’vision of the world in halfa century 2. According to Harvard professor Steven Pinker,predictions about the future_____. A)may invite trouble B)may not come true C)will fool the public D)do more harm than good 3. Professor Bruce Lahn of the University of Chicago predicts that____. A)humans won’t have to donate organs for transplantation B)more people will donate their organs for transplantation C)animal organs could be transplanted into human bodies D)organ transplantation won’t be as scary as it is today 4. According to professor Richard Miller of the University of Michigarr, prople will____. A)life for as long as they wish B)be relieved from all sufferings C) life to 100 and more with vitality D)be able to live longer than whales 5.Priceton professor Freeman Syson thinks that____. A)scientists will find alien life similar to ours B)humans will be able to settle on Mars C)alien life will likely be discovered D)life will start to evolve on Mars 6.According to Princeton professor Richard Gott,by setting up a self-sufficient colony on Mars, Humans_____. A)Might survie allcatastrophes on earth B)Might acquire ample natural resources C)Will be able to travel to Mars freely 1056289742 12/11/2011 D)Will move there to live a better life 7.Ellen Heber-Katz, professor at the Wistar Institue in Philadelpia,predicts that_____. A)human organs can bu manufactured like appliances B)people will be as strong and dymamic as supermen C) human nerves can be replanced by optic fibers D)lost fingers and limbs will be able to regrow 8.rodney Brooks says that it will be possible for robots to work with humans as a result or the development of__artificaial intelligence for robots_____ 9. The most significant breakthrough predicted by Bill joy will be an inexhaustible green energy source that can’t be used to make__pollutions___________ 10 According to Geoffrey Miller, science will offer a more practical, universal and rewarding moral framework in place of _________religion_______ Part III Listening Comprehension (35minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause.During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C), ang D),and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 注意: 此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答 11. A) The man might be able to play in the World Cup. B) The man’s football career seems to be at an end. C) The man was operated on a few weeks ago. D) The man is a fan of world-famous football players. 12. A) Work out a plan to tighten his budget B) Find out the opening hours of the cafeteria. C) Apply for a senior position in the restaurant. D) Solve his problem by doing a part-time job. 13. A) A financial burden. C) A real nuisance. B) A good companion D) A well-trained pet. 14. A) The errors will be corrected soon. C) The computing system is too complex. B) The woman was mistaken herself. D) He has called the woman several times. 1056289742 12/11/2011 15. A) He needs help to retrieve his files. C) He needs some time to polish his paper. B) He has to type his paper once more. D) He will be away for a two-week conference. 16. A) They might have to change their plan. B) He has got everything set for their trip. C) He has a heavier workload than the woman. D) They could stay in the mountains until June 8. 17. A) They have wait a month to apply for a student loan. B) They can find the application forms in the brochure. C) They are not eligible for a student loan. D) They are not late for a loan application. 18. A) New laws are yet to be made to reduce pollutant release. B) Pollution has attracted little attention from the public. C) The quality of air will surely change for the better. D) It’ll take years to bring air pollution under control. Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 19. A) Enormous size of its stores. C) Its appealing surroundings. B) Numerous varieties of food. D) Its rich and colorful history. 20. A) An ancient building. C) An Egyptian museum. B) A world of antiques. D) An Egyptian Memorial. 21. A) Its power bill reaches $9 million a year. B) It sells thousands of light bulbs a day. C) It supplies power to a nearby town. D) It generates 70% of the electricity it uses. 22. A) 11,500 C) 250,000 B) 30,000 D) 300,000 Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 23. A) Transferring to another department. C) Thinking about doing a different job. B) Studying accounting at a university D) Making preparation for her wedding. 24. A) She has finally got a promotion and a pay raise. B) She has got a satisfactory job in another company. C) She could at last leave the accounting department. D) She managed to keep her position in the company. 25. A) He and Andrea have proved to be a perfect match. B) He changed his mind about marriage unexpectedly. 1056289742 12/11/2011 C) He declared that he would remain single all his life. D) He would marry Andrea even without meeting her. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some question. Both the passage and the question will be spoken only once.. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 Passage One Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard. 26.A) They are motorcycles designated for water sports. B) They are speedy boats restricted in narrow waterways. C) They are becoming an efficient form of water transportation. D) They are getting more popular as a means or water recreation. 27.A) Waterscooter operators’ lack of experience. B) Vacationers’ disregard of water safety rules. C) Overloading of small boats and other craft. D) Carelessness of people boating along the shore. 28.A) They scare whales to death. C) They discharge toxic emissions. B)They produce too much noise. D) They endanger lots of water life. 29.A) Expand operating areas. C) Limit the use of waterscooters. B) Restrict operating hours. D) Enforce necessary regulations. Passage Two Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard. 30.A) They are stable. C) They are strained. C) They are close. D) They are changing. 31.A) They are fully occupied with their own business. B) Not many of them stay in the same place for long. C) Not many of them can win trust from their neighbors. D) They attach less importance to interpersonal relations. 32.A) Count on each other for help. C) Keep a friendly distance. B) Give each other a cold shoulder. D) Build a fence between them. Passage Three 1056289742 12/11/2011 Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard. 33.A) It may produce an increasing number of idle youngsters. B) It may affect the quality of higher education in America. C) It may cause many schools to go out of operation. D) It may lead to a lack of properly educated workers. 34(A)It is less serious in cities than in rural areas. B)It affects both junior and senior high schools. C)It results from a worsening economic climate. D)It is a new challenge facing American educators. 35. A)Allowing them to choose their favorite teachers. B)Creating a more relaxed learning environment. C)Rewarding excellent academic performance. D)Helping them to develop better study habits. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blank numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own word. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 Compound Dictation I'm interested in the criminal justice system of our country. It seems to me that something has to be done if we are to survive as a country. I certainly don't know what the answers to our problems are. Things certainly get complicated in a hurry when you get into them. But I wonder if something couldn't be done to deal with some of these problems. One thing I'm concerned about is our practice of putting offenders in jail who haven't harmed anyone. Why not work out some system whereby they can pay back the debts they owe society instead of incurring another debt by going to prison, and of course, coming under the influence of hardened criminals? I'm also concerned about the short prison sentences people are serving for serious crimes. Of course, one alternative to this is to restore capital punishment, but I'm not sure I would be for that. I'm not sure it's right to take an eye for eye. Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes) Section A 1056289742 12/11/2011 Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write our answers on Answer Sheet 2 Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage. if movie trailers(预告片)are supposed to cause a reaction, the preview for "United 93" more than succeeds. Featuring no famous actors, it begins with images of a beautiful morning and passengers boarding an airplane. It takes you a minute to realize what the movie's even about. That’s when a plane hits the World Trade Center. the effect is visceral(震撼心灵的). When the trailer played before "Inside Man" last week at a Hollywood theater, audience members began calling out, "Too soon!" In New York City, the response was even more dramatic. The Loews theater in Manhattan took the rare step of pulling the trailer from its screens after several complaints. "United 93" is the first feature film to deal explicitly with the events of September 11, 2001, and is certain to ignite an emotional debate. Is it too soon? Should the film have been made at all? More to the point, will anyone want to see it? Other 9/11 projects are on the way as the fifth anniversary of the attacks approaches, most notably Oliver Stone's " World Trade Center." but as the forerunner, "United 93"will take most of the heat, whether it deserves it or not. The real United 93 crashed in a Pennsylvania field after 40 passengers and crew fought back against the terrorists. Writer-director Paul Greengrass has gone to great lengths to be respectful in his depiction of what occurred, proceeding with the film only after securing the approval of every victim's family. "Was I surprised at the agreement? Yes. Very. Usually there’re one or two families who're more reluctant," Greengrass writes in an e-mail. "I was surprised at the extraordinary way the United 93 families have welcomed us into their lives and shared their experiences with us." Carole O'Hare, a family member, says, "They were very open and honest with us, and they made us a part of this whole project." Universal, which is releasing the film, plans to donate 10% of its opening weekend gross to the Flight 93 National Memorial Fund. That hasn't stopped criticism that the studio is exploiting a national tragedy. O'Hare thinks that's unfair. "This story has to be told to honor the passengers and crew for what they did," she says. "But more than that, it raises awareness. Our ports aren't secure. Our borders aren't secure. Our airlines still aren't secure, and this is what happens when you're not secure. That’s the message I want people to hear." 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答 47. The trailer for "United 93" succeeded in causing a reaction when it played in the theaters in Hollywood and New York City. 48. The movie "United 93" is sure to give rise to an emotional debate. 49. What did writer-director Paul Greengrass obtain before he proceeded with the movie? the approval of every victim’s family 50. Universal, which is releasing "United 93", has been criticized for exploiting a national tragedy. 1056289742 12/11/2011 51. Carole O’Hare thinks that besides honoring the passengers and crew for what they did, the purpose of telling the story is to raise the awareness about security. Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line thought the centre. Passage One Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage. Imagine waking up and finding the value of your assets has been halved. No, you’re not an investor in one of those hedge funds that failed completely. With the dollar slumping to a 26-year low against the pound, already-expensive London has become quite unaffordable. A coffee at Starbucks, just as unavoidable in England as it is in the United States, runs about $8. The once all-powerful dollar isn’t doing a Titanic against just the pound. It is sitting at a record low against the euro and at a 30-year low against the Canadian dollar. Even the Argentine peso and Brazilian real are thriving against the dollar. The weak dollar is a source of humiliation, for a nation’s self-esteem rests in part on the strength of its currency. It’s also a potential economic problem, since a declining dollar makes imported food more expensive and exerts upward pressure on interest rates. And yet there are substantial sectors of the vast U.S. economy-from giant companies like Coca-Cola to mom-and-pop restaurant operators in Miami-for which the weak dollar is most excellent news. Many Europeans may view the U.S. as an arrogant superpower that has become hostile to foreigners. But nothing makes people think more warmly of the U.S. than a weak dollar. Through April, the total number of visitors from abroad was up 6.8 percent from last year. Should the trend continue, the number of tourists this year will finally top the 2000 peak? Many Europeans now apparently view the U.S. the way many Americans view Mexico-as a cheap place to vacation, shop and party, all while ignoring the fact that the poorer locals can’t afford to join the merrymaking. The money tourists spend helps decrease our chronic trade deficit. So do exports, which thanks in part to the weak dollar, soared 11 percent between May 2006 and May 2007. For first five months of 2007, the trade deficit actually fell 7 percent from 2006. If you own shares in large American corporations, you’re a winner in the weak-dollar gamble. Last week Coca-Cola’s stick bubbled to a five-year high after it reported a fantastic quarter. Foreign sales accounted for 65 percent of Coke’s beverage business. Other American companies profiting from this trend include McDonald’s and IBM. American tourists, however, shouldn’t expect any relief soon. The dollar lost strength the way many marriages break up- slowly, and then all at once. And currencies don’t turn on a dime. So if you want to avoid the pain 1056289742 12/11/2011 inflicted by the increasingly pathetic dollar, cancel that summer vacation to England and look to New England. There, the dollar is still treated with a little respect. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 52. Why do Americans feel humiliated? A) Their economy is plunging B) They can’t afford trips to Europe C) Their currency has slumped D) They have lost half of their assets. 53.How does the current dollar affect the life of ordinary Americans? A)They have to cancel their vacations in New England. B)They find it unaffordable to dine in mom-and-pop restaurants. C)They have to spend more money when buying imported goods. D)They might lose their jobs due to potential economic problems. 54 How do many Europeans feel about the U.S with the devalued dollar? A)They feel contemptuous of it B)They are sympathetic with it. C)They regard it as a superpower on the decline. D)They think of it as a good tourist destination. 55 what is the author’s advice to Americans? A.They treat the dollar with a little respect B.They try to win in the weak-dollar gamble C.They vacation at home rather than abroad D.They treasure their marriages all the more. 56 What does the author imply by saying “currencies don’t turn on a dime” (Line 2,Para 7)? A.The dollar’s value will not increase in the short term. B.The value of a dollar will not be reduced to a dime C.The dollar’s value will drop, but within a small margin. D.Few Americans will change dollars into other currencies. Passage Two Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage. In the college-admissions wars, we parents are the true fights. We are pushing our kids to get good grades, take SAT preparatory courses and build resumes so they can get into the college of our first choice. I’ve twice been to the wars, and as I survey the battlefield, something different is happening. We see our kids’ college background as e prize demonstrating how well we’ve raised them. But we can’t acknowledge that our obsession(痴迷) is more about us than them. So we’ve contrived various justifications that turn out to be half-truths, prejudices or myths. It actually doesn’t matter much whether Aaron and Nicole go to Stanford. We have a full-blown prestige panic; we worry that there won’t be enough prizes to go around. Fearful 1056289742 12/11/2011 parents urge their children to apply to more schools than ever. Underlying the hysteria(歇斯底里) is the belief that scarce elite degrees must be highly valuable. Their graduates must enjoy more success because they get a better education and develop better contacts. All that is plausible——and mostly wrong. We haven’t found any convincing evidence that selectivity or prestige matters. Selective schools don’t systematically employ better instructional approaches than less selective schools. On two measures——professors’ feedback and the number of essay exams——selective schools do slightly worse. By some studies, selective schools do enhance their graduates’ lifetime earnings. The gain is reckoned at 2-4% for every 100-poinnt increase in a school’s average SAT scores. But even this advantage is probably a statistical fluke(偶然). A well-known study examined students who got into highly selective schools and then went elsewhere. They earned just as much as graduates from higher-status schools. Kids count more than their colleges.Getting into yale may signify intellgence,talent and Ambition. But it’s not the only indicator and,paradoxically,its significance is declining.The reason:so many similar people go elsewhere.Getting into college is not life only competiton.Old-boy networks are breaking down.princeton economist Alan Krueger studied admissions to one top Ph.D.program.High scores on the GRE helpd explain who got in;degrees of prestigious universities didn’t. So,parents,lighten up.the stakes have been vastly exaggerated.up to a point,we can rationalize our pushiness.America is a competitive society;our kids need to adjust to that.but too much pushiness can be destructive.the very ambition we impose on our children may get some into Harvard but may also set them up for disappointment.one study found that,other things being equal,graduates of highly selective schools experienced more job dissatisfaction.They may have been so conditioned to deing on top that anything less disappoints. 注意 此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 57.Why dose the author say that parengs are the true fighters in the college-admissions wars? A.They have the final say in which university their children are to attend. B.They know best which universities are most suitable for their children. C.they have to carry out intensive surveys of colleges before children make an application. D.they care more about which college their children go to than the children themselves. 58.Why do parents urge their children to apply to more school than ever? A.they want to increase their children chances of entering a prestigious college. B.they hope their children can enter a university that offers attractive scholarships. C.Their children eill have have a wider choice of which college to go to. D.Elite universities now enroll fewer syudent than they used to. 59.What does the author mean by kids count more than their college(Line1,para.4? A.Continuing education is more important to a person success. B.A person happiness should be valued more than their education. C.Kids actual abilities are more importang than their college background. D.What kids learn at college cannot keep up with job market requirements. 1056289742 12/11/2011 60.What does Krueger study tell us? A.GETting into Ph.d.programs may be more competitive than getting into college. B.Degrees of prestigious universities do not guarantee entry to graduate programs. C.Graduates from prestigious universities do not care much about their GRE scores. D.Connections built in prestigious universities may be sustained long after graduation. 61.One possible result of pushing children into elite universities is that______ A.they earb less than their peers from other institutions B.they turn out to be less competitive in the job market C.they experience more job dissatisfaction after graduation D.they overemphasize their qualifications in job application Part V Cloze Directions: there are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A),B),C), and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Seven years ago, when I was visiting Germany, I Met with an official who explained to me that the country had a perfect solution to its economic problems. Watching the U.S. economy ___62___ during the ‘90s, the Germans had decided that they, too, needed to go the high-technology ___63___. But how? In the late ‘90s, the answer schemed obvious. Indians. ___64___ all, Indian entrepreneurs accounted for one of every three Silicon Valley start-ups. So the German government decided that it would ___65___ Indians to Term any just as America does by ___66___ green cards. Officials created something called the German Green Card and ___67___ that they would issue 20,000 in the first year. ___68___, the Germans expected that tens of thousands more Indians would soon be begging to come, and perhaps the ___69___ would have to be increased. But the program was a failure. A year later ___70___ half of the 20,000 cards had been issued. After a few extensions, the program was ___71___. I told the German official at the time that I was sure the ___72___ would fail. It’s not that I had any particular expertise in immigration policy, ___73___ I understood something about green cards, because I had one (the American ___74___). The German Green Card was mismand,I argued,__75__it never,under any circumtances,translated into German citizenship.The U.S.green card,by contrast,is an almost__76__path to becoming American (after five years and a clean record).The official__77__my objection,saying that there was no way Germany was going to offer these peoplecitizenship.”we need young tach workers,”he said.”that’s what this pro-gram is all __78__.”so Germany was asking bright young__79__to leavetheir country,culture and families,move thousands of miles away,learn a new language and work in a strange land—but without any__80__of ever being part of their new home.Germany was senging a signal, one that was ___81___ received in India and other countries, and also by Germany’s own immigrant community. 62. A) soar C) amplify B) hover D) intensify 63. A) circuit C) trait 1056289742 12/11/2011 B) strategy D) route 64. A) Of C) In B) After D) At 65. A) import C) convey B) kidnap D) lure 66. A) offering C) evacuating B) installing D) formulating 67. A) conferred C) announced B) inferred D) verified 68. A) Specially C) Particularly B) Naturally D) Consistently 69. A) quotas C) measures B) digits D) scales 70. A) invariably C) barely B) literally D) solely 71. A) repelled C) combated B) deleted D) abolished 72. A) adventure C) initiative B) response D) impulse 73. A) and C) so B) but D) or 74. A) heritage C) notion B) revision D) version 75 A)because B)unless C)if D)while 76 A)aggressive B)automatic C)vulnerable D)voluntary 77 A)overtook B)fascinated C)submitted D)dismissed 78 A)towards B)round C)about D)over 79 A)dwellers B)citizens C)professionals D)amateurs 80 A)prospect B)suspicion C)outcome D)destination 81 A)partially B)clearly C)brightly D)vividly Part VI Translation Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答,只需写出译文部分 82. We can say a lot of things about those who have spent their whole lives on poems (毕生致力于诗歌的 人): they are passionate, impulsive, and unique. 83. Mary couldn’t have received my letter, or she should have replied to me last week (否则她上周就该回 信了). 84. Nancy is supposed to have finished her chemistry experiments (做完化学实验) at least two weeks ago. 85. Never once has the old couple quarreled with each other (老两口互相争吵) since they were married 40 years ago. 1056289742 12/11/2011 86. The prosperity of a nation is largely dependent upon (一个国家未来的繁荣在很大程度上有赖于) the quality of education of its people 2008年6月六级答案 Part 1 Writing 范文一 Recent decades have seen the rapid development of information technology, and thereby E-books have wound their way into our daily life. Because of the wide and quick popularity of E-books, there has been an increasing controversy over the question of whether E-books will replace traditional books or not. Many people hold the idea that it will not take long for E-books to replace traditional books because E-books have quite a few advantages over traditional ones. First, E-books are more accessible to readers, because the readers just need to log onto the internet and read online. Second, thanks to the advanced technology, the cost of E-books is much lower, so it takes readers far less money to buy E-books. Last but not the least, reading E-books has developed into part of our daily life, which is particularly appealing to young users, who are the body part of the users of electronic products. As far as I’m concerned, it is not likely for E-books to replace traditional books for lots of reasons. For example, long time of reading E-books will do more harm to our eyes, and readers will find themselves more accessible to printed materials because computers and the internet haven’t yet been popularized to every corner of our life. 范文二 E-books, or electronic books, have the same information and need the same reading experience as the traditional books, which you actually hold in your hands. E-books have so many benefits that they will replace traditional books. E-books can be created on a shoestring budget while the authors of traditional books will have to overcome a tough sales target before they even consider making a profit on the book. E-books are quicker to create because they could be written and published in as little as a week while the time span between starting a traditional book and writing it could take around a year or two. E-books are easier to target a wide market because they may be sold on the Internet to anyone with a credit card and an Internet connection in any place in the world, while with a traditional book it may be difficult to expand to new markets, since it will involve further significant costs on distribution and marketing. To conclude, E-books are a very valuable tool that could be used as a profit centre, as a publishing tool or as a marketing tool. They have many advantages over the traditional books. E-books will replace traditional books. Part 2 Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) 1. D) Scientists’ vision of the world in half a century. 2. B) may not come true 3. A) humans won’t have to donate organs for transplantation 1056289742 12/11/2011 4. C) live to 100 and more with vitality 5. C) alien life will likely be discovered 6. A ) might survive all catastrophes on earth 7. D) lost fingers and limbs will be able to regrow 8. artificial intelligence 9. weapons 10. religion Part 3 Listening Comprehension Section A 11. D) The man is a fan of world-famous football players. 12. D) Solve his problem by doing a part-time job. 13. C) A real nuisance. 14. A) The errors will be corrected soon. 15. B) He has to type his paper once more. 16. A) They might have to change their plan. 17. D) They are not late for a loan application. 18. C) The quality of air will surely change for the better. 19. B) Numerous varieties of food. 20. B) A world of antiques. 21. D) It generates 70% of the electricity it uses. 22. B) 30,000 23. C) Thinking about doing a different job. 1056289742 12/11/2011 24. A) She has finally got a promotion and a pay raise. 25. B) He changed his mind about marriage unexpectedly. Section B Passage 1 26. D) They are getting more popular as a means of water recreation. 27. A) Water scooter operators lack of experience. 28. B) They produce too much noise. 29. D) Enforce necessary regulations. Passage 2 30. D) They are changing. 31. B) Not many of them stay in the same place for long. 32. C) Keep a friendly distance. Passage 3 33. D) It may lead to a lack of properly educated workers. 34. B) It affects both junior and senior high schools. 35. C) Rewarding excellent academic performance. Section C 36. survive 37. complicated 38. offenders 39. whereby 40. incurring 41. influence 1056289742 12/11/2011 42. serving 43. restore 44. The alternative to capital punishment is longer sentences. But they would certainly cost the tax payers much money. 45. that does not mean that person isn't guilty of the crime, or that he shouldn't pay society the debt he owes. 46. a large part of it in prison for acts that he committed while not in full control of his mind. Part 4 Reading in Depth Section A 47. causing a reaction 48. an emotional debate 49. The approval of every victim’s family 50. exploiting a national tragedy 51. raise awareness Section B Passage 1 52. B) Their currency has slumped. 53. C) They have to spend more money when buying imported goods. 54. D) They think of it as a good tourist destination. 55. C) They vacation at home rather than abroad. 56. A) The dollar’s value will not increase in the short term. Passage 2 57. D) They care more about which college their children go to than the children themselves. 58. A) They want to increase their children’s chances of entering a prestigious college. 1056289742 12/11/2011 59. C) Kid’s actual abilities are more important than their college backgrounds. 60. B) Degrees of prestigious universities do not guarantee entry to graduate programs. 61. C) they experience more job dissatisfaction after graduation Part 5 Cloze 62. A) soar 63. D) route 64. A) Of 65. A) import 66. A) offering 67. C) announced 68. D) Consistently 69. A) quotas 70. C) barely 71. D) abolished 72. C) initiative 73. B) but 74. D) version 75. A) because 76. B) automatic 77. D) dismissed 78. C) about 79. C) professionals 1056289742 12/11/2011 80. A) prospect 81. B) clearly Part 6 Translation 82. We can say a lot of things about those who are devoted to poems in their whole lives (毕生致力于诗歌的 人): they are passionate, impulsive and unique. 83. Mary couldn’t have received my letter, or she should have made a reply last week. (否则她上周就该回信 了). 84. Nancy is supposed to have finished her chemistry experiment(做完化学实验) at least two weeks ago. 85. Never once has the old couple quarreled with each other (老两口相互争吵)since they were married 40 years ago. 86. The prosperity of a nation depends largely on (一个国家未来的繁荣在很大程度上有赖于) the quality of education. 2008年12月英语六级真题及答案 Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled How To Improve Student's Mental Health?. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. 1.大学生的心理健康十分重要 2.因此，学校可以„„ 3.我们自己应当„„ How To Improve Student's Mental Health? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. For questions 8 -10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Supersize Surprise Ask anyone why there is an obesity epidemic and they will tell you that it’s al down to eating too much and burning too few calories. That explanation appeals to common sense and has dominated efforts to get to the root of the obesity epidemic and reverse it. Yet obesity researchers are increasingly dissatisfied with it. Many now believe that something else must have changed in our environment to precipitate(促成) such dramatic rises in obesity over the past 40 years or so. Nobody is saying that the “big two” – reduced physical activity and increased availability of food – are not important contributors to the epidemic, but they cannot explain it all. Earlier this year a review paper by 20obesity experts set out the 7 most plausible alternative explanations for 1056289742 12/11/2011 the epidemic. Here they are. 1.Not enough sleep It is widely believed that sleep is for the brain, not the body. Could a shortage of shut-eye also be helping to make us fat? Several large-scale studies suggest there may be a link. People who sleep less than 7 hours a night tend to have a higher body mass index than people who sleep more, according to data gathered by the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Similarly, the US Nurses’ Health Study, which tracked 68,000 women for 16 years, found that those who slept an average of 5 hours a night gained more weight during the study period than women who slept 6 hours, who in turn gained more than whose who slept 7. It’s well known that obesity impairs sleep, so perhaps people get fat first and sleep less afterwards. But the nurses’ study suggests that it can work in the other direction too: sleep loss may precipitate weight gain. Although getting figures is difficult, it appears that we really are sleeping less. In 1960 people in the US slept an average of 8.5 hours per night. A 2002 poll by the National Sleep Foundation suggests that the average has fallen to under 7 hours, and the decline is mirrored by the increase in obesity. 2. Climate control We humans, like all warm-blooded animals, can keep our core body temperatures pretty much constant regardless of what’s going on in the world around us. We do this by altering our metabolic(新陈代谢的) rate, shivering or sweating. Keeping warm and staying cool take energy unless we are in the “thermo-neutral zone”, which is increasingly where we choose to live and work. There is no denying that ambient temperatures(环境温度) have changed in the past few decades. Between 1970 and 2000, the average British home warmed from a chilly 13C to 18C. In the US, the changes have been at the other end of the thermometer as the proportion of homes with air conditioning rose from 23% to 47% between 1978 and 1997. In the southern states – where obesity rates tend to be highest – the number of houses with air conditioning has shot up to 71% from 37% in 1978. Could air conditioning in summer and heating in winter really make a difference to our weight? Sadly，there is some evidence that it does-at least with regard to heating. Studies show that in comfortable temperatures we use less energy. 3. Less smoking Bad news: smokers really do tend to be thinner than the rest of us, and quitting really does pack on the pounds, though no one is sure why. It probably has something to do with the fact that nicotine is an appetite suppressant and appears to up your metabolic rate. Katherine Flegal and colleagues at the US National Center for Health Statistics in Hyattsville, Maryland, have calculated that people kicking the habit have been responsible for a small but significant portion of the US epidemic of fatness. From data collected around 1991 by the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, they worked out that people who had quit in the previous decade were much more likely to be overweight than smokers and people who had never smoked .Among men, for example, nearly half of quitters were overweight compared with 37% of non-smokers and only 28%of smokers. 4. Genetic effects Yours chances of becoming fat may be set, at least in part, before you were even born. Children of obese mothers are much more likely to become obese themselves later in life. Offspring of mice fed a high-fat diet during pregnancy are much more likely to become fat than the offspring of identical mice fed a normal diet. Intriguingly, the effect persists for two or three generations. Grandchildren of mice fed a high-fat diet grow up fat even if their own mother is fed normally-so you fate may have been sealed even before you were conceived. 5. A little older… Some groups of people just happen to be fatter than others. Surveys carried out by the US national center for 1056289742 12/11/2011 health statistics found that adults aged 40 to 79 were around three times as likely to be obese as younger people. Non-white females also tend to fall at the fatter end of the spectrum: Mexican-American women are 30% more likely than white women to be obsess, and black women have twice the risk. In the US, these groups account for an increasing percentage of the population. Between 1970 and 2000 the US population aged 35 to 44 grew by43%.the proportion of Hispanic-Americans also grew, from under 5% to 12.5% of the population, while the proportion of black Americans increased from 11% to12.3%.these changes may account in part for the increased prevalence of obesity. 6. Mature mums Mothers around the world are getting older. in the UK, the mean age for having a first child is 27.3,compared with 23.7 in 1970 .mean age at first birth in the US has also increased, rising from 21.4 in 1970 to 24.9 in 2000. This would be neither here nor there if it weren’t for the observation that having an older mother seems to be an independent risk factor for obesity. Results from the US national heart, lung and blood institute’s study found that the odds of a child being obese increase 14% for every five extra years of their mother’s age, though why this should be so is not entirely clear. Michael Symonds at the University of Nottingham, UK, found that first-born children have more fat than younger ones. As family size decreases, firstborns account for a greater share of the population. In 1964, British women gave birth to an average of 2.95 children; by 2005 that figure had fallen to 1.79. In the US in1976, 9.6% of woman in their 40s had only one child; in 2004 it was 17.4%. this combination of older mothers and more single children could be contributing to the obesity epidemic. 7. Like marrying like Just as people pair off according to looks, so they do for size. Lean people are more likely to marry lean and fat more likely to marry fat. On its own, like marrying like cannot account for any increase in obesity. But combined with others—particularly the fact that obesity is partly genetic, and that heavier people have more children—it amplifies the increase form other causes. 1. What is the passage mainly about? A) Effects of obesity on people’s health B) The link between lifestyle and obesity C) New explanations for the obesity epidemic D) Possible ways to combat the obesity epidemic 2. In the US Nurse’ Health Study, women who slept an average of 7 hours a night_______. A) gained the least weight B) were inclined to eat less C) found their vigor enhanced D) were less susceptible to illness 3. The popular belief about obesity is that___________. A) it makes us sleepy B) it causes sleep loss C) it increases our appetite D) it results from lack of sleep 4. How does indoor heating affect our life? A) it makes us stay indoors moreB) it accelerates our metabolic rate C) it makes us feel more energetic D) it contributes to our weight gain 5. What does the author say about the effect of nicotine on smokers? A) it threatens their healthB) it heightens their spirits C) it suppresses their appetiteD) it slows down their metabolism 6. Who are most likely to be overweight according to Katherine Fergal’s study? 1056289742 12/11/2011 A) heavy smokersB) passive smokers C) those who never smokeD) those who quit smoking 7. According to the US National Center for Health Statistics, the increased obesity in the US is a result of_______. A) the growing number of smokers among young peopleB) the rising proportion of minorities in its population C) the increasing consumption of high-calorie foods D) the improving living standards of the poor people 8. According to the US National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, the reason why older mothers’ children tend to be obese remains __________. 9. According to Michael Symonds, one factor contributing to the obesity epidemic is decrease of ___________. 10. When two heavy people get married, chances of their children getting fat increase, because obesity is _____________. Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 11. A) He is quite easy to recognize B) He is an outstanding speaker C) He looks like a movie star D) He looks young for his age 12. A) consult her dancing teacher B) take a more interesting class C) continue her dancing class D) improve her dancing skills 13. A) the man did not believe what the woman said B) the man accompanied the woman to the hospital C) the woman may be suffering from repetitive strain injury D) the woman may not followed the doctor’s instructions 14. A) they are not in style any more B) they have cost him far too much C) they no longer suit his eyesight D) they should be cleaned regularly 15. A) he spilled his drink onto the floor B) he has just finished wiping the floor C) he was caught in a shower on his way home D) he rushed out of the bath to answer the phone 16. A) fixing some furniture B) repairing the toy train 1056289742 12/11/2011 C) reading the instructions D) assembling the bookcase 17. A) urge Jenny to spend more time on study B) help Jenny to prepare for the coming exams C) act towards Jenny in a more sensible way D) send Jenny to a volleyball training center 18. A) The building of the dam needs a large budget B) The proposed site is near the residential area C) The local people feel insecure about the dam D) The dam poses a threat to the local environment Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 19. A. It saw the end of its booming years worldwide B. Its production and sales reached record levels. C. It became popular in some foreign countries D. Its domestic market started to shrink rapidly. 20. A. They cost less. C. They were in fashion. B. They tasted better. D. They were widely advertised. 21. A. It is sure to fluctuate. C. It will remain basically stable. B. It is bound to revive. D. It will see no more monopoly Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 22. A. Organising protests C. Acting as its spokesman. B. Recruiting members D. Saving endangered animals. 23. A. Anti-animal-abuse demonstrations B. Anti-nuclear campaigns C. Surveying the Atlantic Ocean floor D. Removing industrial waste. 24. A. By harassing them. C. By taking legal action. B. By appealing to the public D. By resorting to force. 25. A. Doubtful C. Indifferent. B. Reserved D. Supportive Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard. 26. A. The air becomes still. C. The clouds block the sun. B. The air pressure is low. D. The sky appears brighter. 27. A. Ancient people were better at foretelling the weather. B. Sailors’ saying about the weather are unreliable. C. People knew long ago how to predict the weather. D. It was easier to forecast the weather in the old days. 28. A. Weather forecast is getting more accurate today. B. People can predict the weather by their senses C. Who are the real experts in weather forecast. 1056289742 12/11/2011 D. Weather changes affect people’s life remarkably Passage Two Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard. 29. A. They often feel insecure about their jobs. B. They are unable to decide what to do first. C. They feel burdened with numerous tasks every day. D they feel burdened with numerous tasks every day 30. A. Analyze them rationally. C. Turn to others for help. B. Draw a detailed to-do list. D. Handle them one by one. 31. A. They have accomplished little. C. They have worked out a way to relax. B. They feel utterly exhausted. D. They no longer feel any sense of guilt. Passage Three Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard. 32. A. Their performance may improve. B. Their immune system may be reinforced C. Their blood pressure may rise all of a sudden. D. Their physical development may be enhanced. 33. A. Improved mental functioning C. Speeding up of blood circulation B. Increased susceptibility to disease D. Reduction of stress-related hormones 34. A. Pretend to be in better shape. C. Turn more often to friends for help B. Have more physical exercise. D. Pay more attention to bodily sensations. 35. A. Different approaches to coping with stress. B. Various causes for serious health problems. C. The relationship between stress and illness. D. New finding of medical research on stress. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. One of the most common images of an advanced, Western-style culture is that of a busy, traffic-filled city. Since their first (36) ______ on American roadways, automobiles have become a (37) ______ of progress, a source of thousands of jobs and an almost inalienable right for citizens’ personal freedom of movement. In recent (38) _______, our “love affair” with the car is being (39) ________ directly to the developing world, and it is increasingly (40) _______ that this transfer is leading to disaster. American’s almost complete dependence on automobiles has been a terrible mistake. As late as the 1950s, a large (41) ________ of the American public used mass transit. A (42) ________ of public policy decisions and corporate scheming saw to it that countless (43) ________ and efficient urban streetcar and intra-city rail systems were dismantled. (44) ___________________________________________________. Our lives have been planned along a road grid—homes far from work, shopping far from everything, with ugly stretches of concrete and blacktop in between. Developing countries are copying Western-style transportation systems down to the last detail. (45) 1056289742 12/11/2011 _________________________________________________________. Pollution control measures are either not strict or nonexistent, leading to choking clouds of smog. Gasoline still contains lead, which is extremely poisonous to humans. (46) _____________________________________________________________________. In addition to pollution and traffic jams, auto safety is a critical issue in developing nations. Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer sheet 2. Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage. One of the major producers of athletic footwear, with 2002 sales of over $10 billion, is a company called Nike, with corporate headquarters in Beaverton, Oregon. Forbes magazine identified Nike’s president, Philip Knight, as the 53rd-richestman in the world in 2004. But Nike has not always been a large multimillion-dollar organization. In fact, Knight started the company by selling shoes from the back of his car at track meets. In the late1950s Philip Knight was a middle-distance runner on the University of Oregon track team, coached by Bill Bowerman. One of the top track coaches in the U.S., Bowerman was also known for experimenting with the design of running shoes in an attempt to make them lighter and more shock-absorbent. After attending Oregon, Knight moved on to do graduate work at Stanford University; his MBA thesis was on marketing athletic shoes. Once he received his degree, Knight traveled to Japan to contact the Onitsuka Tiger Company, a manufacturer of athletic shoes. Knight convinced the company’s officials of the potential for its product in the U.S. In 1963 he received his first shipment of Tiger shoes, 200 pairs in total. In 1964, Knight and Bowerman contributed $500 each to from Blue Ribbon Sports, the predecessor of Nike. In the first few years, Knight distributed shoes out of his car at local track meets. The first employees hired by Knight were former college athletes. The company did not have the money to hire “experts”, and there was no established athletic footwear industry in North America from which to recruit those knowledgeable in the field. In its early years the organization operated in an unconventional manner that characterized its innovative and entrepreneurial approach to the industry. Communication was informal; people discussed ideas and issues in the hallways, on a run, or over a beer. There was little task differentiation. There were no job descriptions, rigid reporting systems, or detailed rules and regulations. The team spirit and shared values of the athletes on Bowerman’s teams carried over and provided the basis for the collegial style of management that characterized the early years of Nikes. 47. While serving as a track coach, Bowerman tried to design running shoes that were _____________________. 48. During his visit to Japan, Knight convinced the officials of the Onitsuka Tiger Company that its product would have____________________________________. 49. Blue Ribbon Sports as unable to hire experts due to the absence of____________________ in North America. 50. In the early years of Nike, communication within the company was usually carried out____________. 51. What qualities of Bowerman’s teams formed the basis of Nike’s early management style? _______________________________________________________________. Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 1056289742 12/11/2011 Passage One Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage. Sustainable development is applied to just about everything from energy to clean water and economic growth, and as a result it has become difficult to question either the basic assumptions behind it or the way the concept is put to use. This is especially true in agriculture, where sustainable development is often taken as the sole measure of progress without a proper appreciation of historical and cultural perspectives. To start with, it is important to remember that the nature of agriculture has changed markedly throughout history, and will continue to do so .medieval agriculture in northern Europe fed, clothed and sheltered a predominantly rural society with a much lower population density than it is today. It had minimal effect on biodiversity, and any pollution it caused was typically localized. In terms of energy use and the nutrients(营养成分) captured in the product it was relatively inefficient. Contrast this with farming since the start of the industrial revolution. Competition from overseas led farmers to specialize and increase yields. Throughout this period food became cheaper, safe and more reliable. However, these changes have also led to habitat(栖息地)loss and to diminishing biodiversity. What’s more, demand for animal products in developing countries is growing so fast that meeting it will require an extra 300 million tons of grain a year by 2050.yet the growth of cities and industry is reducing the amount of water available for agriculture in many regions. All this means that agriculture in the 21stcentury will have to be very different from how it was in the 20th.thiswill require radical thinking. For example, we need to move away from the idea that traditional practices are inevitably more sustainable than new ones. We also need to abandon the notion that agriculture can be “zero impact”. The key will be to abandon the rather simple and static measures of sustainability, which centre on the need to maintain production without increasing damage. Instead we need a more dynamic interpretation, one that looks at the pros and cons(正反两方面)of all the various way land is used. There are many different ways to measure agricultural performance besides food yield: energy use, environmental costs, water purity, carbon footprint and biodiversity. It is clear, for example, that the carbon of transporting tomatoes from Spain to the UK is less than that of producing them in the UK with additional heating and lighting. But we do not know whether lower carbon footprints will always be better for biodiversity. What is crucial is recognizing that sustainable agriculture is not just about sustainable food production. 52. How do people often measure progress in agriculture? A) By its productivity C) By its impact on the environment B) By its sustainability D) By its contribution to economic growth 53. Specialisation and the effort to increase yields have resulted in________. A) Localised pollution C) competition from overseas B) the shrinking of farmland D) the decrease of biodiversity 54. What does the author think of traditional farming practices? A) They have remained the same over the centuries B) They have not kept pace with population growth C) They are not necessarily sustainable D) They are environmentally friendly 55. What will agriculture be like in the 21st century A) It will go through radical changes B) It will supply more animal products C) It will abandon traditional farming practices D) It will cause zero damage to the environment 56 What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage? 1056289742 12/11/2011 A) To remind people of the need of sustainable development B) To suggest ways of ensuring sustainable food production C) To advance new criteria for measuring farming progress D) To urge people to rethink what sustainable agriculture is Passage Two Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage. The percentage of immigrants (including those unlawfully present) in the United states has been creeping upward for years. At 12.6 percent, it is now higher than at any point since the mid1920s. We are not about to go back to the days when Congress openly worried about inferior races polluting America’s bloodstream. But once again we are wondering whether we have too many of the wrong sort newcomers. Their loudest critics argue that the new wave of immigrants cannot, and indeed do not want to, fit in as previous generations did. We now know that these racist views were wrong. In time, Italians, Romanians and members of other so-called inferior races became exemplary Americans and contributed greatly, in ways too numerous to detail, to the building of this magnificent nation. There is no reason why these new immigrants should not have the same success. Although children of Mexican immigrants do better, in terms of educational and professional attainment, than their parents UCLA sociologist Edward Telles has found that the gains don’t continue. Indeed, the fouth generation is marginally worse off than the third James Jackson, of the University of Michigan, has found a similar trend among black Caribbean immigrants, Tells fears that Mexican-Americans may be fated to follow in the footsteps of American blacks-that large parts of the community may become mired(陷入)in a seemingly permanent state of poverty and Underachievement. Like African-Americans, Mexican-Americans are increasingly relegated to (降入)segregated, substandard schools, and their dropout rate is the highest for any ethnic group in the country. We have learned much about the foolish idea of excluding people on the presumption of the ethnic/racial inferiority. But what we have not yet learned is how to make the process of Americanization work for all. I am not talking about requiring people to learn English or to adopt American ways; those things happen pretty much on their own, but as arguments about immigration hear up the campaign trail, we also ought to ask some broader question about assimilation, about how to ensure that people , once outsiders , don’t forever remain marginalized within these shores. That is a much larger question than what should happen with undocumented workers, or how best to secure the border, and it is one that affects not only newcomers but groups that have been here for generations. It will have more impact on our future than where we decide to set the admissions bar for the latest ware of would-be Americans. And it would be nice if we finally got the answer right. 57. How were immigrants viewed by U.S. Congress in early days? A) They were of inferior races. B) They were a Source of political corruption. C) They were a threat to the nation’s security. D) They were part of the nation’s bloodstream. 58. What does the author think of the new immigrants? A) They will be a dynamic work force in the U.S. B) They can do just as well as their predecessors. C) They will be very disappointed on the new land. D) They may find it hard to fit into the mainstream. 59. What does Edward Telles’ research say about Mexican-Americans? A) They may slowly improve from generation to generation. B) They will do better in terms of educational attainment. 1056289742 12/11/2011 C) They will melt into the African-American community. D) They may forever remain poor and underachieving. 60. What should be done to help the new immigrants? A) Rid them of their inferiority complex. B) Urge them to adopt American customs. C) Prevent them from being marginalized. D) Teach them standard American English. 61. According to the author, the burning issue concerning immigration is_______. A) How to deal with people entering the U.S. without documents B) How to help immigrants to better fit into American society C) How to stop illegal immigrants from crossing the border D) How to limit the number of immigrants to enter the U.S. Part V Cloze (15 minutes) Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C]and [D] on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Individuals and businesses have legal protection for 62. [A]retrieves [B]deviates intellectual property they create and own. Intellectual [C]results [D]departs proper__62__from creative thinking and may include 63.[A]services [B]reserves products, __63__, processes, and ideas. Intellectual property [C]assumptions [D]motions is protected__64__ misappropriation(盗64. [A]for [B] with 用).Misappropriation is taking the Intellectual property of [C]by [D]from others with our__65__ compensation and using it for 65. [A] sound [B] partial monetary gain. [C] due [D] random Legal protection is provided for the __66__of 66. [A] users [B] owners intellectual property. The three common types of legal [C] masters [D] executives protection are patents, copyrights, and trademarks. 67. [A] affords [B] affiliates Patents provide exclusive use of inventions. If the US [C] funds [D] grants patent office __67__ a patent, it is confirming that the 68. [A] solemn [B] sober intellectual property is __68__. The patent prevents others [C] unique [D] universal from making, using, or selling the invention without the 69. [A] perspective [B] permission owner’s__69__ for a period of 20 years. [C] conformity [D] consensus Copyrights are similar to patents __70__that they are 70. [A] except [B] besides applied to artistic works. A copyright protects the creator of [C] beyond [D] despite an __72__artisitic or intellectual work, such as a song or a 71. [A] absolute [B] alternative novel. A copyright gives the owner exclusive rights to copy, [C] original [D] orthodox __72__ display, or perform the work.. The copyright 72. [A] presume [B] stimulate prevents others from using and selling the work, the __73__ [C] nominate [D] distribute of a copyright is typically the lifetime of the author__74__an 73. [A] range [B] length additional 70 years. [C] scale [D] extent Trademarks are words, names, or symbols that 74. [A] plus [B] versus identify the manufacturer of a product and__75__it [C] via [D] until 1056289742 12/11/2011 from similar goods of others. A service mark is 75. [A] distract [B] differ similar to a trademark__76__is used to identify [C] distinguish [D] disconnect services. A trademark prevents others from using 76. [A] or [B] but the__77__or a similar word, name, or symbol to [C] so [D] whereas take advantage of the recognition and__78__of the 77. [A] identical [B] analogical brand or to create confusion in the market place. [C] literal [D] parallel __79__registration, a trademark is usually granted for a 78. [A] ambiguity [B] utility period of ten years. It can be__80__for [C] popularity [D] proximity additional ten-year periods indefinitely as__81__as 79. [A] from [B] over the mark’s use continues. [C] before [D] upon 80. [A] recurred [B] renewed [C] recalled [D] recovered 81. [A] long [B] soon [C] far [D] well Part ? Translation (5 minutes) Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. 82. He designed the first suspension bridge, which_______________________(把美观与功能完美地结合起来)。 83(It was very dark, but Mary seemed to __________________________________ (本能地知道该走哪条路) 84. I don’t think it advisable that parents__________________________ (剥夺孩子们的自由) to spend their spare time as they wish. 85. Older adults who have a high level of daily activities have more energy and____________________________ (与不那么活跃的人相比死亡率要低)。 86. Your resume should attract a would-be boss’s attention by demonstrating______________________________ (为什么你是某个特定职位的最佳人选)。 2008年12月六级答案 How to improve student's mental health 1、 大学生的心理健康十分重要 2、 因此，学校可以...... 3、 我们自己应当...... Students' mental health has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. Indeed, it is widely accepted that it has gained growing popularity among persons in all walks of life. There is a general discussion today about the issue of disorder in brains. Obviously, it is necessary that effective actions should be taken to prevent problems. Authorities in universities play a critical role in the situation. To begin with, schools, such as colleges or universities, can provide chances for the young men to ease their attention. What's more, some are physically strong, but psychological problems are able to bring potential threats. Teaches may have a chance to find them in advance. Besides, specialists in this field are to be required to make full preparation for cases in time. Facing the crisis, experts can deal with it in a professional way, which means they have more or better opportunities to save us than others. (学校) 1056289742 12/11/2011 From the factors mentioned above, we may safely draw the conclusion that we can free ourselves from mental illness by taking certain precautions. For example, if you have pains or puzzles in mind, finding a friend to express these is a good way to release pressure. Certainly, there is little doubt that further attention will be paid to the issue.(我们) 快速阅读: 1. C. New explanations for the obesity epidemic. 2. A. gained the least weight 3. B. it causes sleep loss 4. D. It contributes to our weight gain. 5. C. It suppresses their appetite. 6. D. Those who quit smoking. 7. B. the rising proportion of minorities in its population 8. unclear 9. family size 10. partly genetic 听力 11. A) He is quite easy to recognize. 12. C) Continue her dancing class. 13. D) The woman may not have followed the doctor’s instructions. 14. C) They no longer suit his eyesight. 15. D) He rushed out of the bath to answer the phone. 16. D) Assembling the bookcase. 17. A) Urge Jenny to spend more time on study. 18. C) The local people feel insecure about the dam. 19. B) Its production and sales reached record levels. 20. A) They cost less. 21. C) It is bound to revive. 22. A) Organising protests. 23. C) Anti-nuclear campaigns. 24. A) By harassing them. 25. D) Supportive. 26. B) The air pressure is low. 27. C) People knew long ago how to predict the weather. 28. B) People can predict the weather by their senses. 29. D) They feel burdened with numerous tasks every day. 30. B) Draw a detailed to-do list. 31. A) They have accomplished little. 32. A) Their performance may improve. 33. B) Increased susceptibility to disease. 34. D) Pay more attention to bodily sensations. 35. C) The relationship between stress and illness. 36 appearance 37 symbol 1056289742 12/11/2011 38 decades 39 exported 40 apparent 41 percentage 42 combination 43 convenient 44 Our air quality now suffers from the effects of pollutants emitted directly from our cars. 45 The problems caused by motorized vehicles in the West are often magnified in developing nations. 46 Movement in some cities comes to a virtual standstill as motorized traffic competes with bicycles and pedestrians. 阅读理解: 简短回答问题 47. lighter and more absorbent 48. the potential in the U.S. 49. established athletic footwear industry 50. informally 51. The team spirit and shared values of the athletes 仔细阅读 52. B. By its sustainability 53. D. the decrease of brodiversity 54. C. They are not necessarily sustainable. 55. A. It will go through radical changes. 56. D. To urge people to rethink what sustainable agriculture is. 57. A. They were of inferior races. 58. B. They can do just as well as their predecessors. 59. D. They may forever remain poor and underachieving. 60. C. Prevent them from being marginalized. 61. B. how to help immigrants to better fit into American society. 完型: 62 C results 63 A services 64 D from 65 C due 66 B owners 67 D grants 68 C unique 69 B permission 70 A except 71 C original 72 D distribute 73 B length 74 A plus 75 C distinguish 76 B but 77 A identical 78 C popularity 79 D Upon 80 B renewed 81 A long 翻译: 82 He designed the first suspension bridge, which combined beauty and function perfectly.(把完美与功能完美地结 合起来) 83 It was very dark, but Mary seemed to know which way to take by instinct.(本能地知道该走哪条路) 84 I don't think it advisable that parents deprive their children of freedom (剥夺孩子们的自由)to spend their spare time as they wish. 85 Older adults who have a high level of daily activities have more energy and a lower death rate compared with those who don't. (与不那么活跃的人相比死亡率要低) 86 Your resume should attract a would-be boss's attention by demonstrating why you are the best candidate for a certain position. (为什么你是某个职位的最佳人选) 1056289742 12/11/2011 2009年6月英语六级真题及答案 真题: Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On the Importance of a Name. you should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. 1. 有人说名字或名称很重要 2. 也有人觉得名字或名称无关紧要 3. 我认为 On the Importance of a Name Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A(, B(, C(and D(. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Helicopter Moms vs. Free-Range KidsWould you let your fourth-grader ride public transportation without an adult? Probably not. Still, when Lenore Skenazy, a columnist for the New York Sun, wrote about letting her son take the subway alone to get back to "Long story short :my son got home from a department store on the Upper East Side, she didn’t expect to get hit with a wave of criticism from readers. “Long story short: My son got home, overjoyed with independence,” Skenazy wrote on April 4 in the New York Sun. “Long story longer: Half the people I’ve told this episode to now want to turn on in for child abuse. As if keeping kids under lock and key and cell phone and careful watch is the right way to rear kids. It’s not. It’s debilitating (使虚弱)—for us and for them.” Online message boards were soon full of people both applauding and condemning Skenazy’s decision to let her son go it alone. She wound up defending herself on CNN (accompanied by her son) and on popular blogs like the buffing ton post, where her follow-up piece was ironically headlined “More From America’s Worst Mom.” The episode has ignited another one of those debates that divides parents into vocal opposing camps. Are Modern parents needlessly overprotective, or is the world a more complicated and dangerous place than it was when previous generations were allowed to wander about unsupervised? From the “she’s an irresponsible mother” camp came: “Shame on you for being so careless about his safety,” in Comments on the buffing ton post. And there was this from a mother of four: “How would you have felt if he didn’t come home?” But Skenazy got a lot of support, too, with women and men writing in with stories about how they were allowed to take trips all by them selves at seven or eight. She also got heaps of praise for bucking the “helicopter parent” trend: “Good for this Mom,” one commenter wrote on the buffing ton post. “This is a much-needed reality check.” Last week, encouraged by all the attention, Skenazy started her own blog—Free Range, kids—promoting the idea that modern children need some of the same independence that her generation had. In the good old days nine-year-old baby boomers rode their bikes to school, walked to the store, took buses—and even subways—all by themselves. Her blog, she says, is dedicated to sensible parenting. “At Free Range Kids, we believe in safe kids. We believe in car seats and safety belts. We do NOT believe that every time school-age children go outside, they need a security guard.” So why are some parents so nervous about letting their children out of their sight? Are cities and towns less safe and kids more vulnerable to crimes like child kidnap and sexual abuse than they were in previous generations? Not exactly. New York City, for instance, is safer than it’s ever been; it’s ranked 36th in crime among all American 1056289742 12/11/2011 cities. Nationwide, stringer kidnaps are extremely rare; there’s a one-in-a-million chance a child will be taken by a stranger, according to the Justice Department. And 90 percent of sexual abuse cases are committed by someone the child knows. Mortality rates from all causes, including disease and accidents, for American children are lower now than they were 25 years’ ago. According to Child Trends, a nonprofit research group, between 1980 and 2003 death rates dropped by 44 percent for children aged 5 to 14 and 32 percent for teens aged 15 to 19. Then there’s the whole question of whether modern parents are more watchful and nervous about safety than previous generations. Yes, some are. Part of the problem is that with wall to wall Internet and cable news, every missing child case gets so much airtime that it’s not surprising even normal parental anxiety can be amplified. And many middle-class parents have gotten used to managing their children’s time and shuttling them to various enriching activities, so the idea of letting them out on their own can seem like a risk. Back in 1972, when many of today’s parents were kids, 87 percent of children who lived within a mile of school walked or biked every day. But today, the Centers for Disease Control report that only 13 percent of children bike, walk or otherwise t themselves to school. The extra supervision is both a city and a suburb phenomenon. Parents are worried about crime, and they are worried about kids getting caught in traffic in a city that’s not used to pedestrians. On the other hand, there are still plenty of kids whose parents give them a lot of independence, by choice or by necessity. The After School Alliance finds that more than 14 million kids aged 5 to 17 are responsible for taking care of themselves after school. Only 6.5 million kids participate in organized programs. “Many children who have working parents have to take the subway or bus to get to school. Many do this by themselves because they have no other way to get to the schools,” says Dr. Richard Gallagher, director of the Parenting Institute at the New York University Child Study Center. For those parents who wonder how and when they should start allowing their kids more freedom, there’s no clear-cut answer. Child experts discourage a one-size-fits-all approach to parenting. What’s right for Skenazy’s nine-year-old could be inappropriate for another one. It all depends on developmental issue, maturity, and the psychological and emotional makeup of that child. Several factors must be taken into account, says Gallagher. “The ability to follow parent guidelines, the child’s level of comfort in handling such situations, and a child’s general judgment should be weighed.” Gallagher agrees with Skenazy that many nine-year-olds are ready for independence like taking public transportation alone. “At certain times of the day, on certain routes, the subways are generally safe for these children, especially if they have grown up in the city and have been taught how to be safe, how to obtain help if they are concerned for their safety, and how to avoid unsafe situations by being watchful and on their toes.” But even with more traffic and fewer sidewalks, modern parents do have one advantage their parents didn’t: the cell phone. Being able to check in with a child anytime goes a long way toward relieving parental anxiety and may help parents loosen their control a little sooner. Skenazy got a lot of criticism because she didn’t give her kid her cell phone because she thought he’d lose it and wanted him to learn to go it alone without depending on mom—a major principle of free-range parenting. But most parents are more than happy to use cell phones to keep track of their kids. And for those who like the idea of free-range kids but still struggle with their inner helicopter parent, there may be a middle way. A new generation of GPS cell phones with tracking software make it easier than ever to follow a child’s every movement via the Internet—without seeming to interfere or hover. Of course, when they go to college, they might start objecting to being monitored as they’re on parole (假释). 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 1. When Lenore Skenazy’s son was allowed to take the subway alone, he ________. A(was afraid that he might get lost B(enjoyed having the independence C(was only too pleased to take the risk 1056289742 12/11/2011 D(thought he was an exceptional child 2. Lenore Skenazy believes that keeping kids under careful watch A(hinders their healthy growth B(adds too much to parents’ expenses C(shows traditional parental caution D(bucks the latest parenting trend 3. Skenazy’s decision to let her son take the Subway alone has net with________. A(opposition from her own family B(share parenting experience C(fight against child abuse D(protect children’s rights 4. Skenazy started her own blog to ________. A(promote sensible parenting B(share parenting experience C(fight against child abuse D(protect children’s rights 5. According to the author, New York City ________. A(ranks high in road accidents B(is much safe than before C(ranks low in child mortality rates D(is less dangerous than small cities 6. Parents today are more nervous about their kids’ safety than previous generations because________. A(there are now fewer children in the family B(the number of traffic accidents has been increasing C(their fear is amplified by media exposure of crime D(crime rates have been on the rise over the years 7. According to child experts, how and when kids may be allowed more freedom depends on ________. A(the traditions and customs of the community B(the safety conditions of their neighborhood C(their parents’ psychological makeup D(their maturity and personal qualities 8. According to Gallagher and Skenazy, children who are watchful will be better able to stay away from Unsafe situations. 9. Being able to find out where a child is anytime helps lessen parents’ Their anxiety and control. 10. Nowadays with the help of GPS cell phones, parents can, from a distance, track their children’s Movements. Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes) Section A 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 11. A(Fred forgot to call him last night about the camping trip. B(He is not going to lend his sleeping bag to Fred. C(He has not seen Fred at the gym for sometime. D(Fred may have borrowed a sleeping bag from someone else. 12. A(Summer has become hotter in recent years. B(It will cool down a bit over the weekend. 1056289742 12/11/2011 C(Swimming in a pool has a relaxing effect. D(He hopes the weather forecast is accurate. 13. A(Taking a picture of Prof. Brown. B(Commenting on an oil-painting. C(Hosting a TV program. D(Staging a performance. 14. A(She can help the man take care of the plants. B(Most plants grow better in direct sunlight. C(The plants need to be watered frequently. D(The plants should be placed in a shady spot. 15. A(Change to a more exciting channel. B(See the movie some other time. C(Go to bed early. D(Stay up till eleven. 16. A(Both of them are laymen of modern art. B(She has beamed to appreciate modem sculptures. C(Italian artists’ works are difficult to understand. D(Modern artists are generally considered weird. 17. A(They seem satisfied with what they have done. B(They have called all club members to contribute. C(They think the day can be called a memorable one. D(They find it hard to raise money for the hospital. 18. A(The man shouldn’t hesitate to take the course. B(The man should talk with the professor first. C(The course isn’t open to undergraduates. D(The course will require a lot of reading. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 19. A(Current trends in economic development. B(Domestic issues of general social concern. C(Stories about Britain’s relations with other nations. D(Conflicts and compromises among political parties. 20. A(Based on the poll of public opinions. B(By interviewing people who file complaints. C(By analyzing the domestic and international situation. D(Based on public expectations and editors’ judgment. 21. A(Underlying rules of editing. B(Practical experience. C(Audience’s feedback. D(Professional qualifications. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 22. A(The average life span was less than 50 years. B(It was very common for them to have 12 children. C(They retired from work much earlier than today. D(They were quite optimistic about their future. 23. A(Get ready for ecological changes. 1056289742 12/11/2011 B(Adapt to the new environment. C(Learn to use new technology. D(Explore ways to stay young. 24. A(When all women go out to work. B(When family planning is enforced.. C(When a world government is set up. D(When all people become wealthier. 25. A(Eliminate poverty and injustice. B(Migrate to other planets. C(Control the environment. D(Find inexhaustible resources. Section B 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 Passage One Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard. 26. A(To help young people improve their driving skills. B(To alert teenagers to the dangers of reckless driving. C(To teach young people road manners through videotapes. D(To show teens the penalties imposed on careless drivers. 27. A(Road accidents. B(Street violence. C(Drug abuse. D(Lung cancer. 28. A(It has changed teens’ way of life. B(It has made teens feel like adults. C(It has accomplished its objective. D(It has been supported by parents. Passage Two Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard. 29. A(Customers may get addicted to the smells. B(Customers may be misled by the smells. C(It hides the defects of certain goods. D(It gives rise to unfair competition. 30. A(Flexible. B(Critical. C(Supportive. D(Cautious. 31. A(The flower scent stimulated people’s desire to buy. B(Stronger smells had greater effects on consumers. C(Most shoppers hated the small the shoe store. D(84% of the customers were unaware of the smells. Passage Three Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard. 32. A(A goods train hit a bus carrying many passengers. 1056289742 12/11/2011 B(Two passenger trains crashed into each other. C(A passenger train collided with a goods train. D(An express train was derailed when hit by a bomb. 33. A(The rescue operations have not been very effective. B(More than 300 injured passengers were hospitalized. C(The cause of the tragic accident remains unknown. D(The exact casualty figures are not yet available. 34. A(There was a bomb scare. B(There was a terrorist attack. C(A fire alarm was set off by mistake. D(50 pounds of explosives were found. 35. A(Follow policemen’s directions. B(Keep an eye weather. C(Avoid snow-covered roads. D(Drive with special care. Section C 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 English is the leading international language. In different countries around the globe, English is acquired as the mother (36) ________, in others it’s used as a second language. Some nations use English as their (37) ________ language, performing the function of (38) ________; in others it’s used as an international language for business, (39) ________ and industry. What factors and forces have led to the (40) ________ of English? Why is English now considered to be so prestigious that, across the globe, individuals and societies feel (41) ________ if they do not have (42) ________ in this language? How has English changed through 1,500 Years? These are some of the questions that you (43) ________ when you study English. You also examine the immense variability of English and (44) ________. You develop in-depth knowledge of the intricate structure of the language. Why do some non-native speakers of English claim that it’s a difficult language to learn, while (45) ________? At the University of Sussex, you are introduced to the nature and grammar of English in all aspects. This involves the study of sound structures, the formation of words, the sequencing words and the construction of meaning, as well as examination of the theories explaining the aspects of English usage. (46) ________, which are raised by studying how speakers and writers employ English for a wide variety of purposes. Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2. Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage. There is nothing new about TV and fashion magazines giving girls unhealthy ideas about how thin they need to be in order to be considered beautiful. What is surprising is the method psychologists at the University of Texas have come up with to keep girls from developing eating disorders. Their main weapon against super skinny (role) models: a brand of civil disobedience dubbed “body activism.” Since 2001, more than 1,000 high school and college students in the U.S. have participated in the Body Project, which works by getting girls to understand how they have been buying into the notion that you have to be thin to be 1056289742 12/11/2011 happy or successful. After critiquing (评论) the so-called thin ideal by writing essays and role-playing with their peers, participants are directed to come up with and execute small, nonviolent acts. They include slipping notes saying “Love your body the way it is” into dieting books at stores like Borders and writing letters to Mattel, makers of the impossibly proportioned Barbie doll. According to a study in the latest issue of the Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, the risk of developing eating disorders was reduced 61% among Body Project participants. And they continued to exhibit positive body-image attitudes as long as three years after completing the program, which consists, of four one-hour sessions. Such lasting effects may be due to girls’ realizing not only how they were being influenced but also who was benefiting from the societal pressure to be thin. “These people who promote the perfect body really don’t care about you at all,” says Kelsey Hertel, a high school junior and Body Project veteran in Eugene, Oregon. “They purposefully make you feel like less of a person so you’ll buy their stuff and they’ll make money.” 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 47. Were do girls get the notion that they need to be thin in order to be considered beautiful? 48. By promoting “body activism,” University of Texas psychologists aim to prevent ________. 49. According to the author, Mattel’s Barbie dolls are ________. 50. The positive effects of the Body Project may last up to ________. 51. One Body Project participant says that the real motive of those who promote the perfect body is to ________. Section B Passage One Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage. For hundreds of millions of years, turtles (海龟) have struggled out of the sea to lay their eggs on sandy beaches, long before there were nature documentaries to celebrate them, or GPS satellites and marine biologists to track them, or volunteers to hand-carry the hatchlings (幼龟) down to the water’s edge lest they become disoriented by headlights and crawl towards a motel parking lot instead. A formidable wall of bureaucracy has been erected to protect their prime nesting on the Atlantic coastlines. With all that attention paid to them, you’d think these creatures would at least have the gratitude not to go extinct. But Nature is indifferent to human notions of fairness, and a report by the Fish and Wildlife Service showed a worrisome drop in the populations of several species of North Atlantic turtles, notably loggerheads, which can grow to as much as 400 pounds. The South Florida nesting population, the largest, has declined by 50% in the last decade, according to Elizabeth Griffin, a marine biologist with the environmental group Oceana. The figures prompted Oceana to petition the government to upgrade the level of protection for the North Atlantic loggerheads from “threatened” to “endangered”—meaning they are in danger of disappearing without additional help. Which raises the obvious question: what else do these turtles want from us, anyway? It turns out, according to Griffin, that while we have done a good job of protecting the turtles for the weeks they spend on land (as egg-laying females, as eggs and as hatchlings), we have neglected the years spend in the ocean. “The threat is from commercial fishing,” says Griffin. Trawlers (which drag large nets through the water and along the ocean floor) and long line fishers (which can deploy thousands of hooks on lines that can stretch for miles) take a heavy toll on turtles. Of course, like every other environmental issue today, this is playing out against the background of global warming and human interference with natural ecosystems. The narrow strips of beach on which the turtles lay their eggs are being squeezed on one side by development and on the other by the threat of rising sea levels as the oceans warm. Ultimately we must get a handle on those issues as well, or a creature that outlived the dinosaurs (恐龙) will meet its end at the hands of humans, leaving our descendants to wonder how creature so ugly could have won so much affection. 1056289742 12/11/2011 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 52. We can learn from the first paragraph that ________. A(human activities have changed the way turtles survive B(efforts have been made to protect turtles from dying out C(government bureaucracy has contributed to turtles’ extinction D(marine biologists are looking for the secret of turtles’ reproduction 53. What does the author mean by “Nature is indifferent to human notions of fairness” (Line 1, Para. 2)? A(Nature is quite fair regarding the survival of turtles. B(Turtles are by nature indifferent to human activities. C(The course of nature will not be changed by human interference. D(The turtle population has decreased in spite of human protection. 54. What constitutes a major threat to the survival of turtles according to Elizabeth Griffin? A(Their inadequate food supply. B(Unregulated commercial fishing. C(Their lower reproductively ability. D(Contamination of sea water 55. How does global warming affect the survival of turtles? A(It threatens the sandy beaches on which they lay eggs. B(The changing climate makes it difficult for their eggs to hatch. C(The rising sea levels make it harder for their hatchlings to grow. D(It takes them longer to adapt to the high beach temperature. 56. The last sentence of the passage is meant to ________. A(persuade human beings to show more affection for turtles B(stress that even the most ugly species should be protected C(call for effective measures to ensure sea turtles’ survival D(warn our descendants about the extinction of species Passage Two Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage. There are few more sobering online activities than entering data into college-tuition calculators and gasping as the Web spits back a six-figure sum. But economists say families about to go into debt to fund four years of partying, as well as studying, can console themselves with the knowledge that college is an investment that, unlike many bank stocks, should yield huge dividends. A 2008 study by two Harvard economists notes that the “labor-market premium to skill”—or the amount college graduates earned that’s greater than what high-school graduate earned—decreased for much of the 20th century, but has come back with a vengeance (报复性地) since the 1980s. In 2005, The typical full-time year-round U.S. worker with a four-year college degree earned $50,900, 62% more than the $31,500 earned by a worker with only a high-school diploma. There’s no question that going to college is a smart economic choice. But a look at the strange variations in tuition reveals that the choice about which college to attend doesn’t come down merely to dollars and cents. Does going to Columbia University (tuition, room and board $49,260 in 2007-08) yield a 40% greater return than attending the University of Colorado at Boulder as an out-of-state student ($35,542)? Probably not. Does being an out-of-state student at the University of Colorado at Boulder yield twice the amount of income as being an in-state student ($17,380) there? Not likely. No, in this consumerist age, most buyers aren’t evaluating college as an investment, but rather as a consumer product—like a car or clothes or a house. And with such purchases, price is only one of many crucial factors to 1056289742 12/11/2011 consider. As with automobiles, consumers in today’s college marketplace have vast choices, and people search for the one that gives them the most comfort and satisfaction in line with their budgets. This accounts for the willingness of people to pay more for different types of experiences (such as attending a private liberal-arts college or going to an out-of-state public school that has a great marine-biology program). And just as two auto purchasers might spend an equal amount of money on very different cars, college students (or, more accurately, their parents) often show a willingness to pay essentially the same price for vastly different products. So which is it? Is college an investment product like a stock or a consumer product like a car? In keeping with the automotive world’s hottest consumer trend, maybe it’s best to characterize it as a hybrid (混合动力汽车); an expensive consumer product that, over time, will pay rich dividends. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 57. What’s the opinion of economists about going to college? A(Huge amounts of money is being wasted on campus socializing. B(It doesn’t pay to run into debt to receive a college education. C(College education is rewarding in spite of the startling costs. D(Going to college doesn’t necessarily bring the expected returns. 58. The two Harvard economists note in their study that, for much of the 20th century, ________. A(enrollment kept decreasing in virtually all American colleges and universities B(the labor market preferred high-school to college graduates C(competition for university admissions was far more fierce than today D(the gap between the earnings of college and high-school graduates narrowed 59. Students who attend an in-state college or university can ________. A(save more on tuition B(receive a better education C(take more liberal-arts courses D(avoid traveling long distances 60. In this consumerist age, most parents ________. A(regard college education as a wise investment B(place a premium on the prestige of the College C(think it crucial to send their children to college D(consider college education a consumer product 61. What is the chief consideration when students choose a college today? A(Their employment prospects after graduation. B(A satisfying experience within their budgets. C(Its facilities and learning environment. D(Its ranking among similar institutions. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 Some historian say that the most important contribution of Dwight Eisenhower’s presidency (总统任期) in the 1950s was the U.S. interstate highway system. It was a __62__ project, easily surpassing the scale of such previous human __63__ as the Panama Canal. Eisenhower’s interstate highways __64__ the nation together in new ways and __65__ major economic growth by making commerce less __66__. Today, an information superhighway has been built—an electronic network that __67__ libraries, corporations, government agencies and __68__. This electronic superhighway is called the Internet, __69__ it is the backbone (主干) of the World Wide Web. The Internet had its __70__ in a 1969 U.S. Defense Department computer network called ARPAnet, which 1056289742 12/11/2011 __71__ Advanced Research Projects Agency Network. The Pentagon built the network for military contractors and universities doing military research to __72__ information. In 1983 the National Science Foundation (NSF), __73__ mission is to promote science, took over. This new NSF network __74__ more and more institutional users, may of __75__ had their own internal networks. For example, most universities that __76__ the NSF network had intracampus computer networks. The NSF network __77__ became a connector for thousands of other networks. __78__ a backbone system that interconnects networks, internet was a name that fit. So we can see that the Internet is the wired infrastructure (基础设施) on which web __79__ move. It began as a military communication system, which expanded into a government-funded __80__ research network. Today, the Internet is a user-financed system tying intuitions of many sorts together __81__ an “information superhighway.” 62. A(concise C(massive B(radical D(trivial 63. A(behaviors C(inventions B(endeavors D(elements 64. A(packed C(suppressed B(stuck D(bound 65. A(facilitated C(mobilized B(modified D(terminated 66. A(competitive C(exclusive B(comparative D(expensive 67. A(merges C(relays B(connects D(unifies 68. A(figures C(individuals B(personalities D(humans 69. A(and C(or B(yet D(while 70. A(samples C(origins B(sources D(precedents 71. A(stood by C(stood against B(stood for D(stood over 72. A(exchange C(switch B(bypass D(interact 73. A(their C(when B(that D(whose 74. A(expanded C(attracted B(contracted D(extended 75. A(what C(these B(which D(them 76. A(joined C(participated B(attached D(involved 77. A(moreover C(likewise B(however D(then 78. A(With C(In B(By D(As 79. A(contexts C(messages B(signs D(leaflets 80. A(citizen C(amateur B(civilian D(resident 81. A(into C(over B(amid D(toward Part VI Translation (5 minutes) 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答，只需写出译文部分。 82. With the oil prices ever rising, she tried to talk ________ (说服他不买车). 83. ________ (保持幽默有助于) reduce stress and promote creative thinking in today’s competitive society.. 84. When confronted with the evidence, ________ (他不得不坦白自己的罪行). 85. When people say, “I can feel my ears burning,” it means they think ________ (一定有人在说他们坏话). 86. She has decided to go on a diet, but finds ________ (很难抵制冰淇淋的诱惑). 2009年6月英语六级答案 新东方A卷完整版 快速阅读: B A D A B C D Unsafe situations 1056289742 12/11/2011 Their anxietyand control Movements Section A 短对话 11. D) Fred may have borrowed a sleeping bag from someone else. 12. B) It will cool down over the weekend. 13. C) Hosting a TV program. 14. D) The plants should be put in a shady spot. 15. C) Go to bed early. 16. B) She has learned to appreciate modern sculptures. 17. A)They seem satisfied with what they have done 18. A)The man shouldn't hesitate to take the course 长对话 19. B Domestic issues of general social concern. 20. D Based on public expectations and editor's judgement. 21. B Practical experience. 22. A There average life span was less than 50 years. 23. C Learn to use new technology. 24. D when all people become wealthier. 25. C Control the environment. Section B 短文理解 26. B To alert teenagers to the dangers of reckless driving. 27. A Road accidents. 28. C It has accomplished its objective. 29. B Customers may be misled by the smells. 30. C Supportive 31. A The flower scent stimulated people's desire to buy. 32 C a passenger train collided with a goods train 33 D the cause of the tragic accident remains unknown 34 A there was a bomb scare 35D drive with special care Section C 复合式听写 36. tongue 37. official 38. administration 39. commerce 40. spread 41. disadvantageed 42. competence 43. investigate 44. You also examine the immense variability of English and come to underst and how it's used as a symbol of individual identity and social connection。 45. Why do some non-native speakers of English claim that it's a difficult language to learn while infants born into English speaking communities acquire their language before they learn to use forks and knives? 46. You are encouraged to develop your own individual responses to various practical and theoretical issues 阅读填空: 1056289742 12/11/2011 TVand fashion magazines Developing eating disorders Impossibly proportioned 3 years Make money 仔细阅读: 52 B) efforts have been made to protect turtles from dying out. 53 D) The turtle's population has decreased in spite of human protection 54 B) Unregulated commercial fishing 55 A) It threatens the sandy beaches on which they lay eggs. 56 C) call for effective measures to ensure sea turtle's survival. 57 C) College education is rewarding in spite of the starting costs. 58 D) The gap between the earnings of college and high-school graduates narrowed 59 A)save more on tuition. 60 D)consider college education a consumer product 61 B)A satisfying experience with their budgets 完形填空: 62 C massive 63 B endeavors 64 D bound 65 A facilitated 66 C exclusive 1056289742 12/11/2011 67 B connects 68 C individuals 69 A and 70 C origins 71 B stood for 72 A exchange 73 D whose 74 C attracted 75 B which 76 A joined 77 D then 78 D As 79 C messages 80 B civilian 81 A into 翻译: 82. him out of buying a car 83. Keeping a sense of humor helps 84. he had no choice but to confess his criminal behavior 85. there must be someone who is speaking ill of them 86. it hard to resist the temptation of ice cream 恩波教育版翻译 82. him out of buying a car 83. Keeping a sense of humor helps 1056289742 12/11/2011 84. he had no choice but to confess the crime he had committed 85. there must be someone who is speaking ill of them 86. it hard to resist the temptation of ice cream 昂立版 82. him into stopping buying a car. 83. Keeping a sense of humor helps to 84. he had to confess his crime. 85. someone must be talking about them behind their back. 86. it hard/difficult to resist the temptation of ice-cream. 2009年6月CET6翻译评析 孙焕奂 整体而言，本次考试的翻译难度中等，与往年基本持平，主要侧重对词组的考察，对考生的语言基本功有 较高的要求。大部分考点都是 四六级 的核心词汇和高频词组，所以只要考前充分复习，相信大部分考生都可 以在考场上做到游刃有余。 82. With the oil prices ever rising, she tried to talk ______________(说服他不买车). 解析:做四六级翻译题的实质是补全句子，所以已给英文题干和中文部分都要仔细 分析 定性数据统计分析pdf销售业绩分析模板建筑结构震害分析销售进度分析表京东商城竞争战略分析 。说服某人，考生 第一反应是persuade sb. into doing sth.,但是题干已给动词talk，所以考察点是talk sb. into doing sth.，考生如果 对这个词组不熟悉，可以大胆套用persuade这个词组的格式。 参考答案:him into stopping buying a car. 83. ________________(保持幽默感有助于)reduce stress and promote creative thinking in today’s competitive society. 解析:考点有两个，“幽默感”和“有助于”。某方面的“感”，如正义感，责任感，在 英语 (论坛) 中都 用“sense”来 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 达，即sense of justice, sense of responsibility。“有助于”可用两种表达方式，be helpful to do sth., 或者help to do sth. 另外注意动词短语做主语，要转化为动名词形式，即keep表达为keeping。 参考答案:Keeping a sense of humor helps to 84. When confronted with the evidence, _______________(他不得不坦白自己的罪行). 解析:本题考察一个完整的主句，考点在于“坦白”和“罪行”两个单词的表达。 参考答案:he had to confess his crime. 85. When people say, “I can feel my ears burning”, it means they think___________________(一定有人在 说他们的坏话). 解析:本题考察“说某人坏话”，六级高频词组，有两种表达方式，speak evil of sb.或者talk sb. behind one’ s back.后者在我的课堂上曾经以周星驰电影中的经典翻译摘举中给大家讲过，很多同学考后致电，感到很开心。 另外，推断某人一定在做某事，考察情态动词“must be doing sth.”。 参考答案:someone must be talking about them behind their back. 86. She has decided to go on a diet, but finds ___________________(很难抵制冰淇淋的诱惑) . 解析:本题考察词组“发现某事很难(find it hard/difficult to do sth.)”,以及高频词“抵制(resist)”和“诱 惑(temptation)” 参考答案:it hard/difficult to resist the temptation of ice-cream. 写作范文: According to the Bible, it is the almighty God who gave names to everything he created: "he named the light ‘Day' and the darkness ‘Night'". In fact, a name is a word or phrase that man uses to denote and identify a specific person, place or thing. There is no inexorable correlation between the sign and "the signified". For this reason, some claim 1056289742 12/11/2011 that names are not so vital as they are supposed to be. However, I am fully convinced that they are of great importance. Take the name of a person as an example. It is known to all that a person's name is divided into two parts: given name and surname. The given name is the name our parents assign us. We ourselves might change it later in our life. Usually, when a name is given, it contains a lot of information. Say, "li" in the name of some Chinese females shows that we wish them to "beautiful" while "wei" in the names of some males reveals that we expect them to be "great" in their future life. As to the surname or family name, it is even more important, so important that some people may sacrifice their life for it. Originally, man had no such a name. But ever since a certain name was given, each member of the family carries it wherever he goes. Rather than merely a sign, it is the root from which we can trace back to our ancestor, the tie that helps bind us to other members of the same clan, the dignity most people hope to live for. Apart from the name of a person, that of a place or thing is also significant in that it embodies history and culture. All in all, though names are assigned artificially, man is not free when giving names. But God is. 恩波版范文 On the Importance of a Name 有人认为名字(名称)不重要; 有人认为非常重要; 你认为呢, On the Importance of a Name A name is the representation of a person or an entity. It plays an important role in social recognition, just as the old saying goes: a thing is the entity of a name. However, people have diverse opinions on the importance of a name. Some people say that name is important, while the others maintain the other way round. But I think name is of great importance because it is the symbol that distinguishes one thing or person from the others. We cannot deny the importance of a name, be it for a person or a thing. In the world today, no one can live without identification because they must get social recognition, and name is the symbol of the identification. Once a person or a thing gets social recognition, people will remember their names, and they will get further improvement. Besides, a good name will bring people some nice association. A person with a special name may be easily accepted by a group or a community because of the deep impression the name leaves. As for companies or products, a name is also vitally important. Years ago, a computer company spent millions of dollars for the name “Acer”. Since then, the company caught the attention of potential customers and became one of giants in the field. However, another company was facing bankruptcy, for the name of its product implies unfavorable meaning thus cannot be sold out. Can we say that name is not important? A name may affect the whole life of a person, and a name may also influence the future of a company and its products. Therefore, we must treat names carefully. 1056289742 12/11/2011 2009年12月英语六级真题及答案 Part ? Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should Parents Send Their Kids to Art Classes? You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. 1. 现在有不少家长送孩子参加各种艺术班 2. 对这种做法有人表示支持，也有人并不赞成 3. 我认为„„ Should Parents Send Their Kids to Art Classes? Part ?Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Bosses Say “Yes” to Home Work Rising costs of office space, time lost to stressful commuting, and a slow recognition that workers have lives beyond the office—all are strong arguments for letting staff work from home. For the small business, there are additional benefits too—staff are more productive, and happier, enabling firms to keep their headcounts (员工数) and their recruitment costs to a minimum. It can also provide competitive advantage, especially when small businesses want to attract new staff but don’t have the budget to offer huge salaries. While company managers have known about the benefits for a long time, many have done little about it, sceptical of whether they could trust their employees to work to full capacity without supervision, or concerned about the additional expenses teleworking policies might incur as staff start charging their home phone bills to the business. Yet this is now changing. When communications provider Inter-Tel researched the use of remote working solutions among small-and-medium-sized UK businesses in April this year, it found that 28% more companies claimed to have introduced flexible working practices than a year ago. The UK network of Business Links confirms that it too has seen a growing interest in remote working solutions from small businesses seeking its advice, and claims that as many as 60-70% of the businesses that come through its doors now offer some form of remote working support to their workforces. Technology advances, including the widespread availability of broadband, are making the introduction of remote working a piece of cake. ―If systems are set up properly, staff can have access to all the resources they have in the office wherever they have an internet connection,‖ says Andy Poulton, e-business advisor at Business Link for Berkshire and Wiltshire. ―There are some very exciting developments which have enabled this.‖ One is the availability of broadband everywhere, which now covers almost all of the country (BT claims that, by July, 99.8% of its exchanges will be broadband enabled, with alternative plans in place for even the most remote exchanges). ―This is the enabler,‖ Poulton says. Yet while broadband has come down in price too, those service providers targeting the business market warn 1056289742 12/11/2011 against consumer services masquerading (伪装) as business-friendly broadband. ―Broadband is available for as little as ,15 a month, but many businesses fail to appreciate the hidden costs of such a service,‖ says Neil Stephenson, sales and marketing director at Onyx Internet, an internet service provider based in the north-east of England. ―Providers offering broadband for rock-bottom prices are notorious for poor service, with regular breakdowns and heavily congested (拥堵的) networks. It is always advisable for businesses to look beyond the price tag and look for a business-only provider that can offer more reliability, with good support.‖ Such services don’t cost too much—quality services can be found for upwards of ,30 a month. The benefits of broadband to the occasional home worker are that they can access email in real time, and take full advantage of services such as internet-based backup or even internet-based phone services. Internet-based telecoms, or VoIP (Voice over IP) to give it its technical title, is an interesting tool to any business supporting remote working. Not necessarily because of the promise of free or reduced price phone calls (which experts point out is misleading for the average business), but because of the sophisticated voice services that can be exploited by the remote worker—facilities such as voicemail and call forwarding, which provide a continuity of the company image for customers and business partners. By law, companies must ―consider seriously‖ requests to work flexibly made by a parent with a child under the age of six, or a disabled child under 18. It was the need to accommodate employees with young children that motivated accountancy firm Wright Vigar to begin promoting teleworking recently. The company, which needed to upgrade its IT infrastructure (基础设施) to provide connectivity with a new, second office, decided to introduce support for remote working at the same time. Marketing director Jack O’Hern explains that the company has a relatively young workforce, many of whom are parents: ―One of the triggers was when one of our tax managers returned from maternity leave. She was intending to work part time, but could only manage one day a week in the office due to childcare. By offering her the ability to work from home, we have doubled her capacity—now she works a day a week from home, and a day in the office. This is great for her, and for us as we retain someone highly qualified.‖ For Wright Vigar, which has now equipped all of its fee-earners to be able to work at maximum productivity when away from the offices (whether that’s from home, or while on the road), this strategy is not just about saving on commute time or cutting them loose from the office, but enabling them to work more flexible hours that fit around their home life. O’Hern says: ―Although most of our work is client-based and must fit around this, we can’t see any reason why a parent can’t be on hand to deal with something important at home, if they have the ability to complete a project later in the day.‖ Supporting this new way of working came with a price, though. Although the firm was updating its systems anyway, the company spent 10-15% more per user to equip them with a laptop rather than a PC, and about the same to upgrade to a server that would enable remote staff to connect to the company networks and access all their usual resources. Although Wright Vigar hasn’t yet quantified the business benefits, it claims that, in addition to being able to retain key staff with young families, it is able to save fee-earners a substantial amount of ―dead‖ time in their working days. That staff can do this without needing a fixed telephone line provides even more efficiency savings. ―With Wi-Fi (fast, wireless internet connections) popping up all over the place, even on trains, our fee-earners can be productive as they travel, and between meetings, instead of having to kill time at the shops,‖ he adds. The company will also be able to avoid the expense of having to relocate staff to temporary offices for several 1056289742 12/11/2011 weeks when it begins disruptive office renovations soon. Financial recruitment specialist Lynne Hargreaves knows exactly how much her firm has saved by adopting a teleworking strategy, which has involved handing her company’s data management over to a remote hosting company, Datanet, so it can be accessible by all the company’s consultants over broadband internet connections. It has enabled the company to dispense with its business premises altogether, following the realisation that it just didn’t need them any more. ―The main motivation behind adopting home working was to increase my own productivity, as a single mum to an 11-year-old,‖ says Hargreaves. ―But I soon realised that, as most of our business is done on the phone, email and at off-site meetings, we didn’t need our offices at all. We’re now saving ,16,000 a year on rent, plus the cost of utilities, not to mention what would have been spent on commuting.‖ 1. What is the main topic of this passage? A) How business managers view hi-tech. B) Relations between employers and employees. C) How to cut down the costs of small businesses. D) Benefits of the practice of teleworking. 2. From the research conducted by the communications provider Inter-Tel, we learn that . A) more employees work to full capacity at home B) employees show a growing interest in small businesses C) more businesses have adopted remote working solutions D) attitudes toward IT technology have changed 3. What development has made flexible working practices possible according to Andy Poulton? A) Reduced cost of telecommunications. B) Improved reliability of internet service. C) Availability of the VoIP service. D) Access to broadband everywhere. 4. What is Neil Stephenson’s advice to firms contracting internet services? A) They look for reliable business-only providers. B) They contact providers located nearest to them. C) They carefully examine the contract. D) They contract the cheapest provider. 5. Internet-based telecoms facilitates remote working by __________. A) offering sophisticated voice services B) giving access to emailing in real time C) helping clients discuss business at home D) providing calls completely free of charge 1056289742 12/11/2011 6. The accountancy firm Wright Vigar promoted teleworking initially in order to __________. A) present a positive image to prospective customers B) support its employees with children to take care of C) attract young people with IT expertise to work for it D) reduce operational expenses of a second office 7. According to marketing director Jack O’Hern, teleworking enabled the company to __________. A) enhance its market image B) reduce recruitment costs C) keep highly qualified staff D) minimise its office space 8. Wright Vigar’s practice of allowing for more flexible working hours not only benefits the company but helps improve employees’ . 9. With fast, wireless internet connections, employees can still be __________ while traveling. 10. Single mother Lynne Hargreaves decided to work at home mainly to __________. Part ? Listening Comprehension (35 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 11. A) They would rather travel around than stay at home. B) They prefer to carry cash when traveling abroad. C) They usually carry many things around with them. D) They don’t like to spend much money on traveling. 12. A) The selection process was a little unfair. B) He had long dreamed of the dean’s position. C) Rod was eliminated in the selection process. D) Rod was in charge of the admissions office. 13. A) Applause encourages the singer. B) She regrets paying for the concert. 1056289742 12/11/2011 C) Almost everyone loves pop music. D) The concert is very impressive. 14. A) They have known each other since their schooldays. B) They were both chairpersons of the Students’ Union. C) They have been in close touch by email. D) They are going to hold a reunion party. 15. A) Cook their dinner. B) Rest for a while. C) Get their car fixed. D) Stop for the night. 16. A) Newly-launched products. B) Consumer preferences. C) Survey results. D) Survey methods. 17. A) He would rather the woman didn’t buy the blouse. B) The woman needs blouses in the colors of a rainbow. C) The information in the catalog is not always reliable. D) He thinks the blue blouse is better than the red one. 18. A) The course is open to all next semester. B) The notice may not be reliable. C) The woman has not told the truth. D) He will drop his course in marketing. Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 19. A) A director of a sales department. B) A manager at a computer store. C) A sales clerk at a shopping center. D) An accountant of a computer firm. 20. A) Handling customer complaints. B) Recruiting and training new staff. C) Dispatching ordered goods on time. D) Developing computer programs. 1056289742 12/11/2011 21. A) She likes something more challenging. B) She likes to be nearer to her parents. C) She wants to have a better-paid job. D) She wants to be with her husband. 22. A) Right away. B) In two months. C) Early next month. D) In a couple of days. Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 23. A) It will face challenges unprecedented in its history. B) It is a resolute advocate of the anti-global movement. C) It is bound to regain its full glory of a hundred years ago. D) It will be a major economic power by the mid-21st century. 24. A) The lack of overall urban planning. B) The huge gap between the haves and have-nots. C) The inadequate supply of water and electricity. D) The shortage of hi-tech personnel. 25. A) They attach great importance to education. B) They are able to grasp growth opportunities. C) They are good at learning from other nations. D) They have made use of advanced technologies. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard. 26. A) She taught chemistry and microbiology courses in a college. B) She gave lectures on how to become a public speaker. C) She helped families move away from industrial polluters. D) She engaged in field research on environmental pollution. 1056289742 12/11/2011 27. A) The job restricted her from revealing her findings. B) The job posed a potential threat to her health. C) She found the working conditions frustrating. D) She was offered a better job in a minority community. 28. A) Some giant industrial polluters have gone out of business. B) More environmental organizations have appeared. C) Many toxic sites in America have been cleaned up. D) More branches of her company have been set up. 29. A) Her widespread influence among members of Congress. B) Her ability to communicate through public speaking. C) Her rigorous training in delivering eloquent speeches. D) Her lifelong commitment to domestic and global issues. Passage Two Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard. 30. A) The fierce competition in the market. B) The growing necessity of staff training. C) The accelerated pace of globalisation. D) The urgent need of a diverse workforce. 31. A) Gain a deep understanding of their own culture. B) Take courses of foreign languages and cultures. C) Share the experiences of people from other cultures. D) Participate in international exchange programmes. 32. A) Reflective thinking is becoming critical. B) Labor market is getting globalised. C) Knowing a foreign language is essential. D) Globalisation will eliminate many jobs. Passage Three Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard. 33. A) Red-haired women were regarded as more reliable. B) Brown-haired women were rated as more capable. C) Golden-haired women were considered attractive. D) Black-haired women were judged to be intelligent. 1056289742 12/11/2011 34. A) They are smart and eloquent. B) They are ambitious and arrogant. C) They are shrewd and dishonest. D) They are wealthy and industrious. 35. A) They force people to follow the cultural mainstream. B) They exaggerate the roles of certain groups of people. C) They emphasize diversity at the expense of uniformity. D) They hinder our perception of individual differences. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. The ancient Greeks developed basic memory systems called mnemonics. The name is 36 from their Goddess of memory ―Mnemosyne‖. In the ancient world, a trained memory was an 37 asset, particularly in public life. There were no 38 devices for taking notes, and early Greek orators(演说家) delivered long speeches with great 39 because they learned the speeches using mnemonic systems. The Greeks discovered that human memory is 40 an associative process—that it works by linking things together. For example, think of an apple. The 41 your brain registers the word ―apple‖, it 42 the shape, color, taste, smell and 43 of that fruit. All these things are associated in your memory with the word ―apple‖. 44. An example could be when you think about a lecture you have had. This could trigger a memory about what you’re talking about through that lecture, which can then trigger another memory. 45. An example given on a website I was looking at follows: Do you remember the shape of Austria, Canada, Belgium, or Germany? Probably not. What about Italy, though? 46. You made an association with something already known, the shape of a boot, and Italy’s shape could not be forgotten once you had made the association. 1056289742 12/11/2011 Part? Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)(25 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2. Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage. Many countries have made it illegal to chat into a hand-held mobile phone while driving. But the latest research further confirms that the danger lies less in what a motorist’s hands do when he takes a call than in what the conversation does to his brain. Even using a ―hands-free‖ device can divert a driver’s attention to an alarming extent. Melina Kunar of the University of Warwick, and Todd Horowitz of the Harvard Medical School ran a series of experiments in which two groups of volunteers had to pay attention and respond to a series of moving tasks on a computer screen that were reckoned equivalent in difficulty to driving. One group was left undistracted while the other had to engage in a conversation using a speakerphone. As Kunar and Horowitz report, those who were making the equivalent of a hands-free call had an average reaction time 212 milliseconds slower than those who were not. That, they calculate, would add 5.7 metres to the braking distance of a car travelling at 100kph. They also found that the group using the hands-free kit made 83% more errors in their tasks than those who were not talking. To try to understand more about why this was, they tried two further tests. In one, members of a group were asked simply to repeat words spoken by the caller. In the other, they had to think of a word that began with the last letter of the word they had just heard. Those only repeating words performed the same as those with no distraction, but those with the more complicated task showed even worse reaction times—an average of 480 milliseconds extra delay. This shows that when people have to consider the information they hear carefully, it can impair their driving ability significantly. Punishing people for using hand-held gadgets while driving is difficult enough, even though they can be seen from outside the car. Persuading people to switch their phones off altogether when they get behind the wheel might be the only answer. Who knows, they might even come to enjoy not having to take calls. 47. Carrying on a mobile phone conversation while one is driving is considered dangerous because it seriously distracts . 48. In the experiments, the two groups of volunteers were asked to handle a series of moving tasks which were considered . 49. Results of the experiments show that those who were making the equivalent of a hands-free call took to react than those who were not. 50. Further experiments reveal that participants tend to respond with extra delay if they are required to do . 51. The author believes persuasion, rather than , might be the only way to stop people from using mobile phones while driving. 1056289742 12/11/2011 Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage. There is nothing like the suggestion of a cancer risk to scare a parent, especially one of the over-educated, eco-conscious type. So you can imagine the reaction when a recent USA Today investigation of air quality around the nation’s schools singled out those in the smugly(自鸣得意的)green village of Berkeley, Calif., as being among the worst in the country. The city’s public high school, as well as a number of daycare centers, preschools, elementary and middle schools, fell in the lowest 10%. Industrial pollution in our town had supposedly turned students into living science experiments breathing in a laboratory’s worth of heavy metals like manganese, chromium and nickel each day. This in a city that requires school cafeterias to serve organic meals. Great, I thought, organic lunch, toxic campus. Since December, when the report came out, the mayor, neighborhood activists(活跃分子)and various parent-teacher associations have engaged in a fierce battle over its validity: over the guilt of the steel-casting factory on the western edge of town, over union jobs versus children’s health and over what, if anything, ought to be done. With all sides presenting their own experts armed with conflicting scientific studies, whom should parents believe? Is there truly a threat here, we asked one another as we dropped off our kids, and if so, how great is it? And how does it compare with the other, seemingly perpetual health scares we confront, like panic over lead in synthetic athletic fields? Rather than just another weird episode in the town that brought you protesting environmentalists, this latest drama is a trial for how today’s parents perceive risk, how we try to keep our kids safe—whether it’s possible to keep them safe —in what feels like an increasingly threatening world. It raises the question of what, in our time, ―safe‖ could even mean. ―There’s no way around the uncertainty,‖ says Kimberly Thompson, president of Kid Risk, a nonprofit group that studies children’s health. ―That means your choices can matter, but it also means you aren’t going to know if they do.‖ A 2004 report in the journal Pediatrics explained that nervous parents have more to fear from fire, car accidents and drowning than from toxic chemical exposure. To which I say: Well, obviously. But such concrete hazards are beside the point. It’s the dangers parents can’t—and may never—quantify that occur all of sudden. That’s why I’ve rid my cupboard of microwave food packed in bags coated with a potential cancer-causing substance, but although I’ve lived blocks from a major fault line(地质断层) for more than 12 years, I still haven’t bolted our bookcases to the living room wall. 52. What does a recent investigation by USA Today reveal? A) Heavy metals in lab tests threaten children’s health in Berkeley. B) Berkeley residents are quite contented with their surroundings. C) The air quality around Berkeley’s school campuses is poor. D) Parents in Berkeley are over-sensitive to cancer risks their kids face. 53. What response did USA Today’s report draw? A) A heated debate. B) Popular support. 1056289742 12/11/2011 C) Widespread panic. D) Strong criticism. 54. How did parents feel in the face of the experts’ studies? A) They felt very much relieved. B) They were frightened by the evidence. C) They didn’t know who to believe. D) They weren’t convinced of the results. 55. What is the view of the 2004 report in the journal Pediatrics? A) It is important to quantify various concrete hazards. B) Daily accidents pose a more serious threat to children. C) Parents should be aware of children’s health hazards. D) Attention should be paid to toxic chemical exposure. 56. Of the dangers in everyday life, the author thinks that people have most to fear from __________. A) the uncertain B) the quantifiable C) an earthquake D) unhealthy food Passage Two Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage. Crippling health care bills, long emergency-room waits and the inability to find a primary care physician just scratch the surface of the problems that patients face daily. Primary care should be the backbone of any health care system. Countries with appropriate primary care resources score highly when it comes to health outcomes and cost. The U.S. takes the opposite approach by emphasizing the specialist rather than the primary care physician. A recent study analyzed the providers who treat Medicare beneficiaries(老年医保受惠人). The startling finding was that the average Medicare patient saw a total of seven doctors—two primary care physicians and five specialists —in a given year. Contrary to popular belief, the more physicians taking care of you don’t guarantee better care. Actually, increasing fragmentation of care results in a corresponding rise in cost and medical errors. How did we let primary care slip so far? The key is how doctors are paid. Most physicians are paid whenever they perform a medical service. The more a physician does, regardless of quality or outcome, the better he’s reimbursed (返还费用). Moreover, the amount a physician receives leans heavily toward medical or surgical procedures. A specialist who performs a procedure in a 30-minute visit can be paid three times more than a primary care physician using that same 30 minutes to discuss a patient’s disease. Combine this fact with annual government threats to indiscriminately cut reimbursements, physicians are faced with no choice but to increase quantity to boost income. Primary care physicians who refuse to compromise quality are either driven out of business or to cash-only practices, further contributing to the decline of primary care. 1056289742 12/11/2011 Medical students are not blind to this scenario. They see how heavily the reimbursement deck is stacked against primary care. The recent numbers show that since 1997, newly graduated U.S. medical students who choose primary care as a career have declined by 50%. This trend results in emergency rooms being overwhelmed with patients without regular doctors. How do we fix this problem? It starts with reforming the physician reimbursement system. Remove the pressure for primary care physicians to squeeze in more patients per hour, and reward them for optimally (最佳地) managing their diseases and practicing evidence-based medicine. Make primary care more attractive to medical students by forgiving student loans for those who choose primary care as a career and reconciling the marked difference between specialist and primary care physician salaries. We’re at a point where primary care is needed more than ever. Within a few years, the first wave of the 76 million Baby Boomers will become eligible for Medicare. Patients older than 85, who need chronic care most, will rise by 50% this decade. Who will be there to treat them? 57. The author’s chief concern about the current U.S. health care system is __________. A) the inadequate training of physicians B) the declining number of doctors C) the shrinking primary care resources D) the ever-rising health care costs 58. We learn from the passage that people tend to believe that __________. A) the more costly the medicine, the more effective the cure B) seeing more doctors may result in more diagnostic errors C) visiting doctors on a regular basis ensures good health D) the more doctors taking care of a patient, the better 59. Faced with the government threats to cut reimbursements indiscriminately, primary care physicians have to __________ . A) increase their income by working overtime B) improve their expertise and service C) make various deals with specialists D) see more patients at the expense of quality 60. Why do many new medical graduates refuse to choose primary care as their career? A) They find the need for primary care declining. B) The current system works against primary care. C) Primary care physicians command less respect. D) They think working in emergency rooms tedious. 1056289742 12/11/2011 61. What suggestion does the author give in order to provide better health care? A) Bridge the salary gap between specialists and primary care physicians. B) Extend primary care to patients with chronic diseases. C) Recruit more medical students by offering them loans. D) Reduce the tuition of students who choose primary care as their major. Part V Cloze (5 minutes) Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. McDonald’s, Greggs, KFC and Subway are today named as the 券) or other 71 for those who returned most littered brands in England as Keep Britain Tidy called on fast-food companies to do more to tackle customers who drop their packaging and put more bins at 72 wrappers and drinks cartons (盒子) in the streets. points in local streets, not just outside their Phil Barton, chief executive of Keep Britain Tidy, 62 its premises. A 73 for McDonald’s said: new Dirty Pig campaign, said it was the first time it had investigated ―We do our best. Obviously we ask all our which 63 made up ―littered England‖ and the same names customers to dispose of litter responsibly.‖ Trials of more extensive, all-day litter patrols appeared again and again. were 74 in Manchester and 62. A) elevating B) convening Birmingham. C) launching D) projecting KFC said it took its 75 on litter 63. A) signals B) signs C) commercials D) brands management ―very seriously‖, and would introduce a programme to reduce packaging ―We 64 litterers for dropping this fast food litter 65 76 many products. Subway said that it the first place but also believe the results have pertinent (相关的) worked hard to 77 the impact of litter messages for the fast food 66. Mc-Donald’s, Greggs, KFC on communities，78 it was ―still down and Subway need to do more to 67 littering by their customers.‖ to the 79 customer to dispose of their litter responsibly‖. Greggs said it recognised He recognised efforts made by McDonald’s, 68 placing the ―continuing challenge for us all‖, litter bins and increasing litter patrols, but its litter remained ―all too 80 having already taken measures to prevalent‖. All fast food chains should reduce 69 packaging, help 81 the issue. he added. Companies could also reduce prices 70 those who stayed to eat food on their premises, offer money-off vouchers (代金 1056289742 12/11/2011 64. A) condemn B) refute C) uncover D) disregard 65. A) around B) toward C) in D) off 66. A) industry B) career C) profession D) vocation 67. A) exclude B) discourage C) suppress D) retreat 68. A) incorporating B) including C) comprising D) containing 69. A) unreliable B) unrelated C) unimportant D) unnecessary 70. A) for B) about C) with D) to 71. A) accessories B) merits C) incentives D) dividends 72. A) curious B) mysterious C) strange D) strategic 73. A) narrator B) spokesman C) mediator D) broker 74. A) in season B) at risk C) off hand D) under way 75. A) responsibility B) liability C) commission D) administration 76. A) around B) by C) on D) above 77. A) divert B) minimize C) degrade D) suspend 78. A) if B) whether C) so D) but 79. A) individual B) concrete C) unique D) respective 80. A) except B) without C) despite D) via 81. A) dealB) tackleC) cope D) dispose 1056289742 12/11/2011 Part? Translation (5 minutes) Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2. 82. How long does a jacket like this last me? — (这要看你多长时间穿一次). 83. The theory he advanced has proved (对许多传统概念的一种挑战). 84. The manager (本可以亲自参加会议), but he was called away for some urgent business abroad. 85. Both research and practical experience have shown that a (均衡的饮食对健康是必不可少 的). 86. Much (我感到遗憾), I was unable to finish the work on time. 2009年12月英语六级答案 PART ONE WRITING Should parents send their kids to art classes? A child’s world is supposed to be fresh and new and beautiful, full of wonder and excitement. Unfortunately, this is not the case for some kids, especially for those born and bred in cities --- their joys are dimmed and even lost because a majority of them are forced to attend various art classes. Some claim that it is beneficial for children’s development. They might have their reasons because most parents are convinced that their kids are gifted gifts from the god. They presume that the earlier their children are exposed to arts, the more likely it is to find out the artistic potential hidden in them. Even if their children fail to become another child prodigy like Lang Lang or Li Yundi, the interests in arts, say, in music, cultivated in childhood will be of great value in their whole life. In spite of the possible benefits mentioned, I, like others, am strongly against it. The major harm is that it might deprive children of their pleasure to play after school. Faced with competition and contest for better universities, most children are buried in piles of homework. Forcing them to art classes will leave them less time to enjoy the beauty of the nature or to find their talent in things they are really interested in. 1056289742 12/11/2011 To sum up, childhood is a time for children to play as they wish. Rather than cramming knowledge, it is more important to pave the way for their desire to know than to put them on a diet of facts they are not ready to assimilate. PART TWO Reading Comjprehension (Skimming and Scanning) 1. B) benefits of the practice of teleworking 2. C) more employees work to full capacity at home 3. C) more businesses have adopted remote working solution 4. B) They look for reliable business-only provider 5. A) offering sophisticated voice services 6. D) support its employees with children to take care of 7. B) keep highly qualified staff 8. home life 9. productive 10. increase her own productivity PART THREE Listening Comprehension No.11 A They prefer to carry cash when traveling abroad. No.12 D He had long dream of the dean’s position. No.13 A The concert is very impressive. No.14 B They have known each other since their schooldays. No.15 D Stop for the night. No.16 A Survey result. 1056289742 12/11/2011 No.17 D He would rather the woman didn’t buy the blouse. No.18 C The notice may not be reliable. No.19 D A manager at a computer store. No.20 A Handling customer complains. No.21 C She wants to be with her husband. No.22 D Early next month. No.23 B It will be a major economic power by the mid-21st century. No.24 D The huge gap between the haves and have-nots. No.25 C They attach great importance to education. No.26 A She engaged in field research on environmental pollution. No.27 A The job restricted her from revealing her findings. No.28 B Many toxic sites in America have been cleaned up. No.29 D Her ability to communicate through public speaking. No.30 D The accelerated pace of globalization. No.31 B Gain a deep understanding of their own culture. No.32 C The labor market is getting globalized. No.33 B Brown haired women are rated as more capable. No.34 A They are shrewd and dishonest. No.35 C They hinder our perception of individual differences. No.36 derived No.37 immense No.38 convenient 1056289742 12/11/2011 No.39 accuracy No.40 largely No.41 instinct No.42 recalls No.43 texture No.44 This means that any thought about a certain subject will often bring up more memories that are related to it. No.45 The associations do not have to be logical. They just have to make a good link. No.46 If you remember the shape of Italy, it is because you have been told at sometime that Italy is shaped like a boot. PART FOUR Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) 47. a driver’s attention 48. equivalent in difficulty to driving 49. more time 50. more complicated task 51. punishment 52. D) the shrinking primary care resources 53. C) the more doctors taking care of a patient, the better 54. A) see more patients at the expense of quality 55. B) The current system works against primary care. 56. D) Bridge the salary gap between specialists and primary care physicians. 57. B) The air quality around Berkeley’s school campuses is poor. 1056289742 12/11/2011 58. B) Widespread panic 59. A) They didn’t know who to believe. 60. B) Attention should be paid to toxic chemical exposure 61. A) the uncertain PART FIVE Cloze 62. B launching 62. D brands 64. B condemn 65. A in 66. C industry 67. A discourage 68. D including 69. C. unnecessary 70. D for 71. B incentives 72. C strategic 73. A spokesman 74. D. under way 75. B responsiblility 76. B on 77. C minimise 1056289742 12/11/2011 78. C so 79. C individual 80. A despite 81. D tackle PART SIX Translation 82. How long does a jacket like this last me? ————————(这要看你多长时间穿一次。) 【参考答案】This depends on how often you wear it. 83. The theory he advanced has proved (对许多多传统概念是一种挑战。) 【参考答案】 (to be )a challenge to many traditional notions / concepts. 84. The manager _____________________ (本可以亲自参加会议), but he was called away for some urgent business abroad. 【参考答案】 should have been able to attend the meeting in person 85. Both research and practical experience have shown that a (均衡的饮食对健康是必不可少 的。) 【参考答案】 a balanced diet is necessary is good health. 86. Much ________ (我感到遗憾), I was unable to finish the work on time. 【参考答案】 to my regret。 1056289742 12/11/2011 2010年6月英语六级真题及答案 2010年6月大学英语六级考试CET6A卷真题与B卷完全一致，仅题目顺序不一样而已，A 卷考生请参照B卷真题及参考答案～ Part I Writing (30 minutes) 注意:此部分试题在答题卡1上。 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of Chinese. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below: 1.近年来在学生中出现了忽视中文学习的现象; 2.出现这种现象的原因和后果; 3.我认为… Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of Chinese Almost no one in China can have failed to notice the fact that a number of students pay little attention to the study of Cheese nowadays. Taking a look around, one can find examples too many to list: some refuse to go to Chinese classes, some read few Chinese classics and some rarely write in Chinese。 A number of factors can account for such phenomenon, but the following might be the critical ones. For one thing, the craze for learning English affect, to some degree, students’ passion for the study of their native language. For another, the increasing emphasis on some so-called “practical subjects” closely related to the pursuit for jobs also cut into students’ time and energy spent on the study of Chinese。 The problem mentioned above is bound to generate severe consequences if we keep turning a blind eye to it. First ,students’ weakness in Chinese would lead to their ignorance of Chinese culture . Secondly, their problems with Chinese would also hinder the study of other subjects。 In view of the seriousness of the problem, effective measures must be taken before things get worse. In the first place, it is essential that the school attach more importance to the teaching of Chinese. In the second place, students should enhance their awareness of the importance of mastering their mother tongue. Only with these measures taken can we expect the all-sided development of students。 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Obama's success isn't all good news for black Americans As Erin White watched the election results head towards victory for Barack Obama, she felt a burden lifting from her shoulders. "In that one second, it was a validation for my whole race," she recalls. "I've always been an achiever," says White, who is studying for an MBA at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee. "But there had always been these things in the back of my mind questioning whether I really can be who I want. It was like a shadow, following me around saying you can only go so far. Now it's like a barrier has been let down." White's experience is what many psychologists had expected - that Obama would prove to 1056289742 12/11/2011 be a powerful role model for African Americans. Some hoped his rise to prominence would have a big impact on white Americans, too, challenging those who still harbour racist sentiments. "The traits that characterise him are very contradictory to the racial stereotypes that black people are aggressive and uneducated," says Ashby Plant of Florida State University. "He's very intelligent and eloquent." Sting in the tail Ashby Plant is one of a number of psychologists who seized on Obama's candidacy to test hypotheses about the power of role models. Their work is already starting to reveal how the "Obama effect" is changing people's views and behaviour. Perhaps surprisingly, it is not all good news: there is a sting in the tail of the Obama effect. But first the good news. Barack Obama really is a positive role model for African Americans, and he was making an impact even before he got to the White House. Indeed, the Obama effect can be surprisingly immediate and powerful, as Ray Friedman of Vanderbilt University and his colleagues discovered. They tested four separate groups at four key stages of Obama's presidential campaign. Each group consisted of around 120 adults of similar age and education, and the test assessed their language skills. At two of these stages, when Obama's success was less than certain, the tests showed a clear difference between the scores of the white and black participants—an average of 12.1 out of 20, compared to 8.8, for example. When the Obama fever was at its height, however, the black participants performed much better. Those who had watched Obama's acceptance speech as the Democrats' presidential candidate performed just as well, on average, as the white subjects.After his election victory, this was true of all the black participants. Dramatic shift What can explain this dramatic shift? At the start of the test, the participants had to declare their race and were told their results would be used to assess their strengths and weaknesses. This should have primed the subjects with "stereotype threat" – an anxiety that their results will confirm negative stereotypes, which has been shown to damage the performance of African Americans. Obama's successes seemed to act as a shield against this. "We suspect they felt inspired and energised by his victory, so the stereotype threat wouldn't prove a distraction," says Friedman. Lingering racism If the Obama effect is positive for African Americans, how is it affecting their white compatriots (同胞)? Is the experience of having a charismatic (有魅力的) black president modifying lingering racist attitudes? There is no easy way to measure racism directly; instead psychologists assess what is known as "implicit bias", using a computer-based test that measures how quickly people associate positive and negative words—such as "love" or "evil"—with photos of black or white faces. A similar test can also measure how quickly subjects associate stereotypical traits—such as athletic skills or mental ability—with a particular group. In a study that will appear in the Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Plant's team tested 229 students during the height of the Obama fever. They found that implicit bias has fallen by as much as 90% compared with the level found in a similar study in 2006. "That's an unusually large drop," Plant says. While the team can't be sure their results are due solely to Obama, they also showed that those with the lowest bias were likely to subconsciously associate black skin colour with political 1056289742 12/11/2011 words such as "government" or "president". This suggests that Obama was strongly on their mind, says Plant. Drop in bias Brian Nosek of the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, who runs a website that measures implicit bias using similar test, has also observed a small drop in bias in the 700,000 visitors to the site since January 2007, which might be explained by Obama's rise to popularity. However, his preliminary results suggest that change will be much slower coming than Plant's results suggest. Talking honestly "People now have the opportunity of expressing support for Obama every day," says Daniel Effron at Stanford University in California. "Our research arouses the concern that people may now be more likely to raise negative views of African Americans." On the other hand, he says, it may just encourage people to talk more honestly about their feelings regarding race issues, which may not be such a bad thing. Another part of the study suggests far more is at stake than the mere expression of views. The Obama effect may have a negative side. Just one week after Obama was elected president, participants were less ready to support policies designed to address racial inequality than they had been two weeks before the election. Huge obstacles It could, of course, also be that Obama's success helps people to forget that a disproportionate number of black Americans still live in poverty and face huge obstacles when trying to overcome these circumstances. "Barack Obama's family is such a salient (出色的) image, we generalise it and fail to see the larger picture—that there's injustice in every aspect of American life," says Cheryl Kaiser of the University of Washington in Seattle. Those trying to address issues of racial inequality need to constantly remind people of the inequalities that still exist to counteract the Obama's effect, she says. Though Plant's findings were more positive, she too warns against thinking that racism and racial inequalities are no longer a problem. "The last thing I want is for people to think everything's solved." These findings do not only apply to Obama, or even just to race. They should hold for any role model in any country. "There's no reason we wouldn't have seen the same effect on our views of women if Hillary Clinton or Sarah Palin had been elected," says Effron. So the election of a female leader might have a downside for other women. Beyond race We also don't yet know how long the Obama effect—both its good side and its bad—will last.Political sentiment is notoriously changeable: What if things begin to go wrong for Obama, and his popularity slumps? And what if Americans become so familiar with having Obama as their president that they stop considering his race altogether? "Over time he might become his own entity," says Plant. This might seem like the ultimate defeat for racism, but ignoring the race of certain select individuals—a phenomenon that psychologists call subtyping—also has an insidious (隐伏的) side. "We think it happens to help people preserve their beliefs, so they can still hold on to the previous stereotypes." That could turn out to be the cruellest of all the twists to the Obama effect. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 1056289742 12/11/2011 1. How did Erin White feel upon seeing Barack Obama's victory in the election? A) Excited. B) Victorious. C) Anxious. D) Relieved. 2. Before the election, Erin White has been haunted by the question of whether ______. A) she could obtain her MBA degree B) she could go as far as she wanted in life C) she was overshadowed by her white peers D) she was really an achiever as a student 3. What is the focus of Ashby Plant's study? A) Racist sentiments in America. B) The power of role models. C) Personality traits of successful blacks. D) The dual character of African Americans. 4. In their experiments, Ray Friedman and his colleagues found that ______. A) blacks and whites behaved differently during the election B) whites' attitude towards blacks has dramatically changed C) Obama's election has eliminated the prejudice against blacks D) Obama's success impacted blacks' performance in language tests 5. What do Brian Nosek's preliminary results suggest? A) The change in bias against blacks is slow in coming. B) Bias against blacks has experienced an unusual drop. C) Website visitor's opinions are far from being reliable. D) Obama's popularity may decline as time passes by. 6. A negative side of the Obama effect is that ______. A) more people have started to criticise President Obama's racial policies B) relations between whites and African Americans may become tense again C) people are now less ready to support policies addressing racial inequality D) white people are likely to become more critical of African Americans 7. Cheryl Kaiser holds that people should be constantly reminded that ______. A) Obama's success is sound proof of black's potential B) Obama is but a rare example of black's excellence C) racial inequality still persists in American society D) blacks still face obstacles in political participation 8. According to Effron, if Hillary Clinton or Sarah Palin had been elected, there would also have been a negative effect on ______. 9. It is possible that the Obama effect will be short-lived if there is a change in people's ______. 10. The worst possible aspect of the Obama effect is that people could ignore his race altogether and continue to hold on to their old racial ______. Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide 1056289742 12/11/2011 which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 11.A) The man failed to keep his promise. B) The woman has a poor memory. C) The man borrowed the book from the library. D) The woman does not need the book any more. 12. A) The woman is making too big a fuss about her condition. B) Fatigue is a typical symptom of lack of exercise. C) The woman should spend more time outdoors. D) People tend to work longer hours with artificial lighting. 13. A) The printing on her T-shirt has faded. B) It is not in fashion to have a logo on a T-shirt. C) She regrets having bought one of the T-shirts. D) It is not a good idea to buy the T-shirt. 14. A) He regrets having published the article. B) Most readers do not share his viewpoints. C) Not many people have read his article. D) The woman is only trying to console him. 15. A) Leave Daisy alone for the time being. B) Go see Daisy immediately. C) Apologize to Daisy again by phone. D) Buy Daisy a new notebook. 16. A) Batteries. B) Garden tools. C) Cameras. D) Light bulbs. 17. A) The speakers will watch the game together. B) The woman feels lucky to have got a ticket. C) The man plays center on the basketball team. D) The man can get the ticket at its original price. 18. A) The speakers will dress formally for the concert. B) The man will return home before going to the concert. C) It is the first time the speakers are attending a concert. D) The woman is going to buy a new dress for the concert. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 19. A) He wants to sign a long-term contract. B) He is good at both language and literature. C) He prefers teaching to administrative work. D) He is undecided as to which job to go for. 20. A) They hate exams. B) The all plan to study in Cambridge. C) They are all adults. D) They are going to work in companies. 21. A) Difficult but rewarding. B) Varied and interesting. C) Time-consuming and tiring. D) Demanding and frustrating. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 22. A) Interviewing a moving star. B) Discussing teenage role models. C) Hosting a television show. D) Reviewing a new biography. 23. A) He lost his mother. B) He was unhappy in California. C) He missed his aunt. D) He had to attend school there. 24. A) He delivered public speeches. B) He got seriously into acting. C) He hosted talk shows on TV. D) He played a role in East of Eden. 1056289742 12/11/2011 25. A) He made numerous popular movies. B) He has long been a legendary figure. C) He was best at acting in Hollywood tragedies. D) He was the most successful actor of his time. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 Passage One Questions 26 to 29 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 26. A) It carried passengers leaving an island. B) A terrorist forced it to land on Tenerife. C) It crashed when it was circling to land. D) 18 of its passengers survived the crash. 27. A) He was kidnapped eight months ago. B) He failed in his negotiations with the Africans. C) He was assassinated in Central Africa. D) He lost lots of money in his African business. 28. A) The management and union representatives reached an agreement. B) The workers' pay was raised and their working hours were shortened. C) The trade union gave up its demand. D) The workers on strike were all fired. 29. A) Sunny. B) Rainy. C) Windy. D) Cloudy. Passage Two Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard. 30. A) Some of them had once experienced an earthquake. B) Most of them lacked interest in the subject. C) Very few of them knew much about geology. D) A couple of them had listened to a similar speech before. 31. A) By reflecting on Americans' previous failures in predicting earthquakes. B) By noting where the most severe earthquake in U. S. history occurred. C) By describing the destructive power of earthquakes. D) By explaining some essential geological principles. 32. A) Interrupt him whenever he detected a mistake. B) Focus on the accuracy of the language he used. C) Stop him when he had difficulty understanding. D) Write down any points where he could improve. Passage Three Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard. 33. A) It was invented by a group of language experts in the year of 1887. B) It is a language that has its origin in ancient Polish. C) It was created to promote economic globalization. D) It is a tool of communication among speakers of different languages. 34. A) It aims to make Esperanto a working language in the U. N. B) It has increased its popularity with the help of the media. C) It has encountered increasingly tougher challenges. 1056289742 12/11/2011 D) It has supporters from many countries in the world. 35. A) It is used by a number of influential science journals. B) It is widely taught at schools and in universities. C) It has aroused the interest of many young learners. D) It has had a greater impact than in any other country. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 George Herbert Mead said that humans are talked into humanity. He meant that we gain personal identity as we communicate with others. In the earliest years of our lives, our parents tell us who we are. "You're (36) ______." "You're so strong." We first see ourselves through the eyes of others, so their messages form important (37) ______ of our self-concepts. Later we interact with teachers, friends, (38) ______ partners, and co-workers who communicate their views of us.Thus, how we see ourselves (39) ______ the views of us that others communicate. The (40) ______ connection between identity and communication is (41) ______ evident in children who are (42) ______ of human contact. Case studies of children who were isolated from others reveal that they lack a firm self-concept, and their mental and psychological development is severely (43) ______ by lack of language. Communication with others not only affects our sense of identity but also directly influences our physical and emotional well-being. Consistently, (44) ________________________________________________. People who lack close friends have greater levels of anxiety and depression than people who are close to others. (45) ________________________________________________. The conclusion was that social isolation is statistically as dangerous as high blood pressure, smoking and obesity. Many doctors and researchers believe that (46) ________________________________________________. Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2. Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage. Question: My ninth-grade art teacher doesn't give any grade above 94% because, she says, "There's always room for improvement." In previous years, I earned a 99% and a 100%. The 94 I received this term does not reflect the hard work that I put into this course. Because of her "improvement" theory, I got a lower grade than I deserve. Is her grading philosophy ethical (符合 职业道德规范的)? Answer: Your teacher's grading system may be unwise, but it is not unethical. A teacher deserves wide latitude in selecting the method of grading that best promotes learning in her 1056289742 12/11/2011 classroom; that is, after all, the prime function of grades. It is she who has the training and experience to make this decision. Assuming that your teacher is neither biased nor corrupt and that her system conforms to school rules, you can't fault her ethics. You can criticize her methodology. A 100 need not imply that there is no possibility of improvement, only that a student successfully completed the course work. A ninth grader could get a well-earned 100 in English class but still have a way to go before she writes as well as Jane Austen. What's more, grades are not only an educational device but are also part of a screening system to help assign kids to their next class or program. By capping her grades at 94 while most other teachers grade on a scale that tops out at 100, your teacher could jeopardize a student's chance of getting a scholarship or getting into a top college. What it is wrong to condemn her for is overlooking your hard work. You diligence is worthy of encouragement, but effort does not equal accomplishment. If scholars suddenly discovered that Rembrandt had dashed off "The Night Watch" in an afternoon, it would still be "The Night Watch." I could spend months sweating over my own "paintings", but I'd produce something you wouldn't want to hang in your living room. Or your garage. One feature of a good grading system is that those measured by it generally regard it as fair and reasonable—not the case here. Simmering (难以平息的) resentment is seldom an aid to education.And so your next step should be to discuss your concerns with your teacher or the principal. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 47. The ninth-grader thought that his art teacher should have given him ______. 48. According to the answer, a teacher should have the freedom to ______ to encourage learning. 49. We learn from the answer that a student who gets a 100 should still work hard and keep ______. 50. The example of Rembrandt's painting suggests that a distinction should be made between ______. 51. The ninth-grader is advised to go to his teacher or the principal to ______. Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 51 to 56 are based on the following passage. Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paid leave from work to care for a newborn child. Last spring one of the two, Australia, gave up the dubious distinction by establishing paid family leave starting in 2011. I wasn't surprised when this didn't make the news here in the United States—we're now the only wealthy country without such a policy. The United States does have one explicit family policy, the Family and Medical Leave Act, passed in 1993. It entitles workers to as much as 12 weeks' unpaid leave for care of a newborn or dealing with a family medical problem. Despite the modesty of the benefit, the Chamber of Commerce and other business groups fought it bitterly, describing it as "government-run 1056289742 12/11/2011 personnel management" and a "dangerous precedent". In fact, every step of the way, as (usually) Democratic leaders have tried to introduce work-family balance measures into the law, business groups have been strongly opposed. As Yale law professor Anne Alstott argues, justifying parental support depends on defining the family as a social good that, in some sense, society must pay for. In her book No Exit: What Parents Owe Their Children and What Society Owes Parents, she argues that parents are burdened in many ways in their lives: there is "no exit" when it comes to children. "Society expects—and needs—parents to provide their children with continuity of care, meaning the intensive, intimate care that human beings need to develop their intellectual, emotional and moral capabilities. And society expects—and needs—parents to persist in their roles for 18 years, or longer if needed." While most parents do this out of love, there are public penalties for not providing care. What parents do, in other words, is of deep concern to the state, for the obvious reason that caring for children is not only morally urgent but essential for the future of society. The state recognizes this in the large body of family laws that govern children' welfare, yet parents receive little help in meeting the life-changing obligations society imposes. To classify parenting as a personal choice for which there is no collective responsibility is not merely to ignore the social benefits of good parenting; really, it is to steal those benefits because they accrue (不断积累) to the whole of society as today's children become tomorrow's productive citizenry (公民). In fact, by some estimates, the value of parental investments in children, investments of time and money (including lost wages), is equal to 20-30% of gross domestic product. If these investments generate huge social benefits—as they clearly do—the benefits of providing more social support for the family should be that much clearer. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 52. What do we learn about paid family leave from the first paragraph? A) America is now the only developed country without the policy. B) It has now become a hot topic in the United States. C) It came as a surprise when Australia adopted the policy. D) Its meaning was clarified when it was established in Australia. 53. What has prevented the passing of work-family balance laws in the United States? A) The incompetence of the Democrats. B) The existing Family and Medical Leave Act. C) The lack of a precedent in American history. D) The opposition from business circles. 54. What is Professor Anne Alstott's argument for parental support? A) The cost of raising children in the U. S. has been growing. B) Good parenting benefits society. C) The U. S. should keep up with other developed countries. D) Children need continuous care. 55. What does the author think of America's large body of family laws governing children's welfare? A) They fail to ensure children's healthy growth B) The fail to provide enough support for parents C) They emphasize parents' legal responsibilities. 1056289742 12/11/2011 D) They impose the care of children on parents. 56. Why does the author object to classifying parenting as a personal choice? A) It is regarded as a legal obligation. B) It relies largely on social support. C) It generates huge social benefits. D) It is basically a social undertaking. Passage Two Questions 57 to 62 are based on the following passage. A new study from the Center for Information and Research on Civic Learning and Engagement (CIRCLE) at Tufts University shows that today's youth vote in larger numbers than previous generations, and a 2008 study from the Center for American Progress adds that increasing numbers of young voters and activists support traditionally liberal causes. But there's no easy way to see what those figures mean in real life. During the presidential campaign, Barack Obama assembled a racially and ideologically diverse coalition with his message of hope and change; as the reality of life under a new administration settles in, some of those supporters might become disillusioned. As the nation moves further into the Obama presidency, will politically engaged young people continue to support the president and his agenda, or will they gradually drift away? The writers of Generation O (short for Obama), a new Newsweek blog that seeks to chronicle the lives of a group of young Obama supporters, want to answer that question. For the next three months, Michelle Kremer and 11 other Obama supporters, ages 19 to 34, will blog about life across mainstream America, with one twist: by tying all of their ideas and experiences to the new president and his administration, the bloggers will try to start a conversation about what it means to be young and politically active in America today. Malena Amusa, a 24-year-old writer and dancer from St. Louis sees the project as a way to preserve history as it happens. Amusa, who is traveling to India this spring to finish a book, then to Senegal to teach English, has ongoing conversations with her friends about how the Obama presidency has changed their daily lives and hopes to put some of those ideas, along with her global perspective, into her posts. She's excited because, as she puts it, "I don't have to wait [until] 15 years from now" to make sense of the world. Henry Flores, a political-science professor at St. Mary's University, credits this younger generation's political strength to their embrace of technology. "[The Internet] exposes them to more thinking," he says, "and groups that are like-minded in different parts of the country start to come together." That's exactly what the Generation O bloggers are hoping to do. The result could be a group of young people that, like their boomer (二战后生育高峰期出生的美国人) parents, grows up with a strong sense of purpose and sheds the image of apathy (冷漠) they've inherited from Generation X (60 年代后期和70 年代出生的美国人). It's no small challenge for a blog run by a group of ordinary—if ambitious—young people, but the members of Generation O are up to the task. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 57. What is the finding of a new study by CIRCLE? A) More young voters are going to the polls than before. B) The young generation supports traditionally liberal causes. C) Young voters played a decisive role in Obama's election. D) Young people in America are now more diverse ideologically. 58. What is a main concern of the writers of Generation O? 1056289742 12/11/2011 A) How Obama is going to live up to young people's expectations. B) Whether America is going to change during Obama's presidency. C) Whether young people will continue to support Obama's policy. D) How Obama's agenda is going to affect the life of Americans. 59. What will the Generation O bloggers write about in their posts? A) Their own interpretation of American politics. B) Policy changes to take place in Obama's administration. C) Obama's presidency viewed from a global perspective. D) Their lives in relation to Obama's presidency. 60. What accounts for the younger generation's political strength according to Professor Henry Flores? A) Their embrace of radical ideas. B) Their desire to change America. C) Their utilization of the Internet. D) Their strong sense of responsibility. 61. What can we infer from the passage about Generation X? A) They are politically conservative. B) They reject conventional values. C) They dare to take up challenges. D) They are indifferent to politics. Part V Cloze (15 minutes) Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 A new study found that inner-city kids living in neighborhoods with more green space gained about 13% less weight over a two-year period than kids living amid more concrete and fewer trees. Such __62__ tell a powerful story. The obesity epidemic began in the 1980s, and many people __63__ it to increased portion sizes and inactivity, but that can't be everything. Fast foods and TVs have been __64__ us for a long time. "Most experts agree that the changes were __65__ to something in the environment," says social epidemiologist Thomas Glass of The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. That something could be a __66__ of the green. The new research, __67__ in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine, isn't the first to associate greenery with better health, but it does get us closer __68__ identifying what works and why. At its most straightforward, a green neighborhood __69__ means more places for kids to play – which is __70__ since time spent outdoors is one of the strongest correlates of children's activity levels. But green space is good for the mind __71__: research by environmental psychologists has shown that it has cognitive __72__ for children with attention-deficit disorder. In one study, just reading __73__ in a green setting improved kids' symptoms. __74__ to grassy areas has also been linked to __75__ stress and a lower body mass index (体重指数) among adults. And an __76__ of 3,000 Tokyo residents associated walkable green spaces with greater longevity (长寿) among senior citizens. Glass cautions that most studies don't __77__ prove a causal link between greenness and health, but they're nonetheless helping spur action. In September the U. S. House of Representatives __78__ the delightfully named No Child Left Inside Act to encourage public initiatives aimed at exposing kids to the outdoors. 1056289742 12/11/2011 Finding green space is not __79__ easy, and you may have to work a bit to get your family a little grass and trees. If you live in a suburb or a city with good parks, take __80__ of what's there. Your children in particular will love it – and their bodies and minds will be __81__ to you. 62. A) findings B) theses C) hypotheses D) abstracts 63. A) adapt B) attribute C) allocate D) alternate 64. A) amongst B) along C) beside D) with 65. A) glued B) related C) tracked D) appointed 66. A) scraping B) denying C) depressing D) shrinking 67. A) published B) simulated C) illuminated D) circulated 68. A) at B) to C) for D) over 69. A) fully B) simply C) seriously D) uniquely 70. A) vital B) casual C) fatal D) subtle 71. A) still B) already C) too D) yet 72. A) benefits B) profits C) revenues D) awards 73. A) outward B) apart C) aside D) outside 74. A) Immunity B) Reaction C) Exposure D) Addiction 75. A) much B) less C) more D) little 76. A) installment B) expedition C) analysis D) option 77. A) curiously B) negatively C) necessarily D) comfortably 78. A) relieved B) delegated C) approved D) performed 79. A) merely B) always C) mainly D) almost 80. A) advantage B) exception C) measure D) charge 81. A) elevated B) merciful C) contented D) grateful Part VI Translation (5 minutes) Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write you translation on Answer Sheet 2. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答，只需写出译文部分。 82. __________________ (他们的独生儿子从未想过) to leave them and strike out on his own though he is in his late twenties. 83. Before you take any action, please remember to __________________ (权衡你的决定 会产生的后果). 84. He assured his friend that under no circumstances __________________ (他会违背还钱 的承诺). 85. Most educators advise that kids __________________ (不要沉溺于电脑游戏). 86. Business major as he is, he has __________________ (从未考虑过从事推销员工作). 2010年6月英语六级答案 ? ? ? 2010年6月大学英语六级(cet-6)试题答案 真题:Due Attention Should Be Given To the Study of Chinese 1. 近年来在学生中出现了忽视中文学习的现象; 2. 出现这种现象的原因和后果; 3. 我认为„. 范文: 1056289742 12/11/2011 Along with the step of globalization, most students’ attention has shifted from Chinese to foreign cultures. Such a shift brought on great worries among people because it is not good for the development of Chinese culture. There may be several reasons account for why this phenomenon could happen. First and foremost, the globalization greatly stimulated the spread of foreign cultures, which in turn stirred great interest among Chinese students; second, college students are, to some extent, forced to study certain foreign languages so as to pass exams or find good jobs so that they could not spare any time to study Chinese; last but not least, schools have no strict demand on students’ Chinese standard. No doubt, neglecting the study of Chinese will ultimately hold back the development of Chinese culture, and Chinese people may lose their cultural identity in such a competitive world. In order change this situation and save our identity, due attention should be given to the study of Chinese. To begin with, government should put great efforts on the development of Chinese culture to make more people proud of it; besides, colleges and universities should make exams more balanced, not simply emphasizing the importance of foreign languages; finally, schools should also attach great importance to the study of Chinese, making it a compulsory curriculum. Through these efforts, I think, chances of changing this phenomenon are prosperous. 2010年六级快速阅读答案: 1. D Relieved 2. B she could go as far as she wanted in life 3. B The power of role models 4. D Obama's success impacted blacks' performance in language tests 5. A The change in bias against black is slow in coming 6. C people are now less ready to supportpolicies addressing racial inequality 7. C racial inequality still persists in American society 8. our views of women 9. political sentiment 10. stereotypes 2010大学英语6级翻译 82. ____________________(他们的独生儿子从未想过) to leave themand strike out on his own though he is in his late twenties. 83. Before you take any action, please remember to _______________(权衡你的决定会产生的 后果). 84. He assured his friend that under no circumstances _________________(他会违背还钱的承 诺). 85. Most educators advise that kids ____________________ (不要沉溺于电脑游戏). 86. Business major as he is, he has ____________________ (从未考虑过从事推销员的工作). 答案: 82. Their only son has never thought 83. weigh your decision against its possible consequences. 84. would he breakbreach his promisecommitment to pay back the money. 85. should not be addicted to computer games. should not indulge themselves in computer games should not abandon themselves to computer games. 86. never considered working as a salesman. 2010六级完型答案: 1056289742 12/11/2011 62.A findings ??63.B attribute ? ? ? ? ?64.D with 65.B related ? ??66.D shrinking ? ? ??67.A published 68.B to ? ? ? ??69.B simply ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??70.A vital 71.C too ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??72.A benefits ? ? ?73.D outside 74.C Exposure ? ? ? ? ? ??75.B less ? ? ? ? ?76.C analysis 77.C necessarily ? ? ?78.C approved ? ? ??79.B always 80.A advantage ? ? ? ??81.D grateful 2010六级阅读答案: Section A 47 a grade above 94 a higher grade 48 select the method of grading 49 improving 50 effort?and accomplishment 51 discuss his concern Section B Passage 1 52 A) America is now the only developed country without the policy. 53 D) The opposition from business circles. 54 B) Good parenting benefits society. 55 B) They fail to provide enough support for parents. 56 D) They impose the care of children on parents. Passage 2 57 A) More young voters are going to the polls than before. 58 C) Whether young people will continue to support Obama’s policy. 59 D) Their lives in relation to Obama’s presidency. 60 C) Their utilization of the Internet. 61 D) They are indifferent to politics. 2010六级听力答案 Section A 11. A) The man failed to keep his promise. 12. C) The woman should spend more time outdoors. 13. D) It is not a good idea to buy the T-shirt. 14. B) Most readers do not share his viewpoints. 15. A) Leave Daisy alone for the time being. 16. A) Batteries. 17. D) The man can get the ticket at its original price. 18. A) The speakers will dress formally for the concert. 19. D) He is undecided as to which job to go for. 20. C) They are all adults. 21. B) Varied and interesting. 22. C) Hosting a television show. 23. A) He lost his mother. 24. B) He got seriously into acting. 25. B) He has long been a legendary figure. 1056289742 12/11/2011 Section B 26 C) It crashed when it was circling to land. 27 A) He was kidnapped eight months ago. 28 A) The management and union representatives reached an agreement. 29 B) rainy 30 C) Very few of them knew much about geology. 31 B) By noting where the most severe earthquake in U.S. history occurred. 32 C) Stop him when he had difficulty understanding. 33 D) It is a tool of communication among speakers of different languages. 34 D) It has supporters from many countries in the world. 35 D) It has had greater impact than in any other country. 听力“复合式听写原文” George Herbert Mead said that humans are talked into humanity. He meant we gain personal identity as we communicate with others .In the earliest years of our lives, our parents tell us who we are, “You are intelligent”, “You are so strong” .We first see ourselves through the eyes of others’ .So their messages form important foundations of ourselves’ concepts. Later we interact with teachers, friends, romantic partners and co-workers, who communicate their views of us. Thus how we see ourselves reflects the views of us that others communicate .The profound connection between identity and communication is dramatically evident in children who are deprived of human contact .Case studies of children who are isolated from others review that they’re lack of firm self-concept , and their mental and psychological development is severely hindered by lack of language. Communication with others not only affects our sense of identity ,but also directly influences our physical and emotional well-being .Consistently, research shows that communicating with others promotes health whereas social isolation is linked to stress ,disease and early death. People who lack close friends have greater levels of anxiety and depression than people who are close to others . A group of researchers reviews scores of studies that trace the relationship between health and interaction with others .The conclusion was that social isolation is statistically as dangerous as high-blood pressure, smoking, and obesity .Many doctors and researchers believe that loneness harms the immune system., making us more vulnerable to a range of minor and major illnesses. 2010年12月英语六级真题及答案 Part I Writing (30 minutes) Direction: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled My Views on University Ranking. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. 1. 目前高校排名相当盛行; 2. 对于这种做法人们看法不一; 3. 在我看来„„ My Views on University Ranking Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and 1056289742 12/11/2011 answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Into the Unknown The world has never seen population ageing before. Can it cope? Until the early 1990s nobody much thought about whole populations getting older. The UN had the foresight to convene a “world assembly on ageing” back in 1982, but that came and went. By 1994 the World Bank had noticed that something big was happening. In a report entitled “Averting the Old Age Crisis”, it argued that pension arrangements in most countries were unsustainable. For the next ten years a succession of books, mainly by Americans, sounded the alarm. They had titles like Young vs Old, Gray Dawn and The Coming Generational Storm, and their message was blunt: health-care systems were heading for the rocks, pensioners were taking young people to the cleaners, and soon there would be intergenerational warfare. Since then the debate has become less emotional, not least because a lot more is known about the subject. Books, conferences and research papers have multiplied. International organisations such as the OECD and the EU issue regular reports. Population ageing is on every agenda, from G8 economic conferences to NATO summits. The World Economic Forum plans to consider the future of pensions and health care at its prestigious Davos conference early next year. The media, including this newspaper, are giving the subject extensive coverage. Whether all that attention has translated into sufficient action is another question. Governments in rich countries now accept that their pension and health-care promises will soon become unaffordable, and many of them have embarked on reforms, but so far only timidly. That is not surprising: politicians with an eye on the next election will hardly rush to introduce unpopular measures that may not bear fruit for years, perhaps decades. The outline of the changes needed is clear. To avoid fiscal (财政) meltdown, public pensions and health-care provision will have to be reined back severely and taxes may have to go up. By far the most effective method to restrain pension spending is to give people the opportunity to work longer, because it increases tax revenues and reduces spending on pensions at the same time. It may even keep them alive longer. John Rother, the AARP’s head of policy and strategy, points to studies showing that other things being equal, people who remain at work have lower death rates than their retired peers. Younger people today mostly accept that they will have to work for longer and that their pensions will be less generous. Employers still need to be persuaded that older workers are worth holding on to. That may be because they have had plenty of younger ones to choose from, partly thanks to the post-war baby-boom and partly because over the past few decades many more women have entered the labour force, increasing employers’ choice. But the reservoir of women able and willing to take up paid work is running low, and the baby-boomers are going grey. In many countries immigrants have been filling such gaps in the labour force as 1056289742 12/11/2011 have already emerged (and remember that the real shortage is still around ten years off). Immigration in the developed world is the highest it has ever been, and it is making a useful difference. In still-fertile America it currently accounts for about 40% of total population growth, and in fast-ageing western Europe for about 90%. On the face of it, it seems the perfect solution. Many developing countries have lots of young people in need of jobs; many rich countries need helping hands that will boost tax revenues and keep up economic growth. But over the next few decades labour forces in rich countries are set to shrink so much that inflows of immigrants would have to increase enormously to compensate: to at least twice their current size in western Europe’s most youthful countries, and three times in the older ones. Japan would need a large multiple of the few immigrants it has at present. Public opinion polls show that people in most rich countries already think that immigration is too high. Further big increases would be politically unfeasible. To tackle the problem of ageing populations at its root, “old” countries would have to rejuvenate (使年轻) themselves by having more of their own children. A number of them have tried, some more successfully than others. But it is not a simple matter of offering financial incentives or providing more child care. Modern urban life in rich countries is not well adapted to large families. Women find it hard to combine family and career. They often compromise by having just one child. And if fertility in ageing countries does not pick up? It will not be the end of the world, at least not for quite a while yet, but the world will slowly become a different place. Older societies may be less innovative and more strongly disinclined to take risks than younger ones. By 2025 at the latest, about half the voters in America and most of those in western European countries will be over 50—and older people turn out to vote in much greater number than younger ones. Academic studies have found no evidence so far that older voters have used their power at the ballot box to push for policies that specifically benefit them, though if in future there are many more of them they might start doing so. Nor is there any sign of the intergenerational warfare predicted in the 1990s. After all, older people themselves mostly have families. In a recent study of parents and grown-up children in 11 European countries, Karsten Hank of Mannheim University found that 85% of them lived within 25km of each other and the majority of them were in touch at least once a week. Even so, the shift in the centre of gravity to older age groups is bound to have a profound effect on societies, not just economically and politically but in all sorts of other ways too. Richard Jackson and Neil Howe of America’s CSIS, in a thoughtful book called The Graying of the Great Powers, argue that, among other things, the ageing of the developed countries will have a number of serious security implications. For example, the shortage of young adults is likely to make countries more reluctant to commit the few they have to military service. In the decades to 2050, America will find itself playing an ever-increasing role in the developed world’s defence effort. Because America’s population will still be growing when that of most 1056289742 12/11/2011 other developed countries is shrinking, America will be the only developed country that still matters geopolitically (地缘政治上). Ask me in 2020 There is little that can be done to stop population ageing, so the world will have to live with it. But some of the consequences can be alleviated. Many experts now believe that given the right policies, the effects, though grave, need not be catastrophic. Most countries have recognised the need to do something and are beginning to act. But even then there is no guarantee that their efforts will work. What is happening now is historically unprecedented. Ronald Lee, director of the Centre on the Economics and Demography of Ageing at the University of California, Berkeley, puts it briefly and clearly: “We don’t really know what population ageing will be like, because nobody has done it yet. “ 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 1. In its 1994 report, the World Bank argued that the current pension system in most countries could ______. [A] not be sustained in the long term [B] further accelerate the ageing process [C] hardly halt the growth of population [D] help tide over the current ageing crisis 2. What message is conveyed in books like Young vs Old? [A] The generation gap is bound to narrow. [B] Intergenerational conflicts will intensify. [C] The younger generation will beat the old. [D] Old people should give way to the young. 3. One reason why pension and health care reforms are slow in coming is that ______. [A] nobody is willing to sacrifice their own interests to tackle the problem [B] most people are against measures that will not bear fruit immediately [C] the proposed reforms will affect too many people’s interests [D] politicians are afraid of losing votes in the next election 4. The author believes the most effective method to solve the pension crisis is to ______. [A] allow people to work longer [C] cut back on health care provisions [B] increase tax revenues [D] start reforms right away 5. The reason why employers are unwilling to keep older workers is that ______. [A] they are generally difficult to manage [B] the longer they work, the higher their pension [C] their pay is higher than that of younger ones [D] younger workers are readily available 6. To compensate for the fast-shrinking labour force, Japan would need ______. [A] to revise its current population control policy [B] large numbers of immigrants from overseas 1056289742 12/11/2011 [C] to automate its manufacturing and service industries [D] a politically feasible policy concerning population 7. Why do many women in rich countries compromise by having only one child? [A] Small families are becoming more fashionable. [B] They find it hard to balance career and family. [C] It is too expensive to support a large family. [D] Child care is too big a problem for them. 8. Compared with younger ones, older societies are less inclined to ______________________________. 9. The predicted intergenerational warfare is unlikely because most of the older people themselves _________________________. 10. Countries that have a shortage of young adults will be less willing to commit them to ____________________________. Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 注意: 此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 11. [A] The man is the manager of the apartment building. [B] The woman is very good at bargaining. [C] The woman will get the apartment refurnished. [D] The man is looking for an apartment. 12. [A] How the pictures will turn out. [C] What the man thinks of the shots. [B] Where the botanical garden is. [D] Why the pictures are not ready. 13. [A] There is no replacement for the handle. [B] There is no match for the suitcase. [C] The suitcase is not worth fixing. [D] The suitcase can be fixed in time. 14. [A] He needs a vehicle to be used in harsh weather. [B] He has a fairly large collection of quality trucks. [C] He has had his truck adapted for cold temperatures. [D] He does routine truck maintenance for the woman. 15. [A] She cannot stand her boss’s bad temper. [B] She has often been criticized by her boss. [C] She has made up her mind to resign. [D] She never regrets any decisions she makes. 16. [A] Look for a shirt of a more suitable color and size. [B] Replace the shirt with one of some other material. [C] Visit a different store for a silk or cotton shirt. 1056289742 12/11/2011 [D] Get a discount on the shirt she is going to buy. 17. [A] At a “Lost and Found”. [C] At a trade fair. [B] At a reception desk. [D] At an exhibition. 18. [A] Repair it and move in. [C] Convert it into a hotel. [B] Pass it on to his grandson. [D] Sell it for a good price. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 19. [A] Unique descriptive skills. [C] Colourful world experiences. [B] Good knowledge of readers’ tastes. [D] Careful plotting and clueing. 20. [A] A peaceful setting. [C] To be in the right mood. [B] A spacious room. [D] To be entirely alone. 21. [A] They rely heavily on their own imagination. [B] They have experiences similar to the characters’. [C] They look at the world in a detached manner. [D] They are overwhelmed by their own prejudices. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 22. [A] Good or bad, they are there to stay. [B] Like it or not, you have to use them. [C] Believe it or not, they have survived. [D] Gain or lose, they should be modernised. 23. [A] The frequent train delays. [C]The food sold on the trains. [B] The high train ticket fares. [D] The monopoly of British Railways. 24. [A] The low efficiency of their operation. [B] Competition from other modes of transport. [C] Constant complaints from passengers. [D] The passing of the new transport act. 25. [A] They will be de-nationalised. [C] They are fast disappearing. [B] They provide worse service. [D] They lose a lot of money. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 注意: 此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 Passage One Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard. 26. [A] The whole Antarctic region will be submerged. [B] Some polar animals will soon become extinct. [C] Many coastal cities will be covered with water. [D] The earth will experience extreme weathers. 27. [A] How humans are to cope with global warming. [B] How unstable the West Antarctic ice sheet is. [C] How vulnerable the coastal cities are. [D] How polar ice impacts global weather. 1056289742 12/11/2011 28. [A] It collapsed at least once in the past 1.3 million years. [B] It sits firmly on solid rock at the bottom of the ocean. [C] It melted at temperatures a bit higher than those of today. [D] It will have little impact on sea level when it breaks up. 29. [A] The West Antarctic region was once an open ocean. [B] The West Antarctic ice sheet was about 7,000 feet thick. [C] The West Antarctic ice sheet was once floating ice. [D] The West Antarctic region used to be warmer than today. Passage Two Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard. 30. [A] Whether we can develop social ties on the Internet. [B] Whether a deleted photo is immediately removed from the web. [C] Whether our blogs can be renewed daily. [D] Whether we can set up our own websites. 31. [A] The number of visits they receive. [C] The files they have collected. [B] The way they store data. [D] The means they use to get information. 32. [A] When the system is down. [C] When the URL is reused. [B] When new links are set up. [D] When the server is restarted. Passage Three Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard. 33. [A] Some iced coffees have as many calories as a hot dinner. [B] Iced coffees sold by some popular chains are contaminated. [C] Drinking coffee after a meal is more likely to cause obesity. [D] Some brand-name coffees contain harmful substances. 34. [A] Have some fresh fruit. [C] Take a hot shower. [B] Exercise at the gym. [D] Eat a hot dinner. 35. [A] They could enjoy a happier family life. [B] They could greatly improve their work efficiency. [C] Many cancer cases could be prevented. [D] Many embarrassing situations could be avoided. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. 注意:此部分试题在答题卡2上作答。 Psychologists are finding that hope plays a surprisingly vital role in giving people a measurable advantage in realms as (36) _____________ as academic achievement, bearing up in tough jobs and coping with (37) ______________ illness. And, by contrast, the loss of hope is turning out to be a stronger sign that a person may (38) 1056289742 12/11/2011 ______________ suicide than other factors long thought to be more likely risks. “Hope has proven a powerful predictor of (39) ______________ in every study we’ve done so far,” said Dr. Charles R. Snyder, a psychologist who has devised a (40) ______________ to assess how much hope a person has. For example, in research with 3,920 college students, Dr. Snyder and his (41) ______________ found that the level of hope among freshmen at the beginning of their first semester was a more (42) ______________ predictor of their college grades than were their S.A.T. scores or their grade point (43) ______________ in high school, the two measures most commonly used to predict college performance. (44)” ___________________________________________________________________________________________,” Dr. Snyder said. “When you compare students of equivalent intelligence and past academic achievements, what sets them apart is hope.” In devising a way to assess hope scientifically, Dr. Snyder (45)________________________ _______________________________. “That notion is not concrete enough, and it blurs two key components of hope,” Dr. Snyder said. (46)” _____________________________________________________________________.” Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2. Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage. Most young boys are trained to believe that men should be strong, tough, cool, and detached. Thus, they learn early to hide vulnerable emotions such as love, joy, and sadness because they believe that such feelings are feminine and imply weakness. Over time, some men become strangers to their own emotional lives. It seems that men with traditional views of masculinity are more likely to suppress outward emotions and to fear emotions, supposedly because such feelings may lead to a loss of composure (镇定). Keep in mind, however, that this view is challenged by some researchers. As with many gender gaps, differences in emotionality tend to be small, inconsistent, and dependent on the situation. For instance, Robertson and colleagues found that males who were more traditionally masculine were more emotionally expressive in a structured exercise than when they were simply asked to talk about their emotions. Males’ difficulty with “tender” emotions has serious consequences. First, suppressed emotions can contribute to stress-related disorders. And worse, men are less likely than women to seek help from health professionals. Second, men’s emotional inexpressiveness can cause problems in their relationships with partners 1056289742 12/11/2011 and children. For example, men who endorse traditional masculine norms report lower relationship satisfaction, as do their female partners. Further, children whose fathers are warm, loving, and accepting toward them have higher self-esteem and lower rates of aggression and behavior problems. On a positive note, fathers are increasingly involving themselves with their children. And 30 percent of fathers report that they take equal or greater responsibility for their children than their working wives do. One emotion males are allowed to express is anger. Sometimes this anger translates into physical aggression or violence. Men commit nearly 90 percent of violent crimes in the United States and almost all sexual assaults. 注意: 此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 47. Most young boys have been trained to believe that men who show tender feelings are considered to be ______________. 48. Some men believe that if they expressed their emotions openly they might ______________. 49. According to the author, men who suppress their emotions may develop ______________. 50. Men who observe traditional masculine norms are said to derive less satisfaction from ______________. 51. When males get angry, they can become ______________ or even commit violence. Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D] You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage. In the early 20th century, few things were more appealing than the promise of scientific knowledge. In a world struggling with rapid industrialization, science and technology seemed to offer solutions to almost every problem. Newly created state colleges and universities devoted themselves almost entirely to scientific, technological, and engineering fields. Many Americans came to believe that scientific certainty could not only solve scientific problems, but also reform politics, government, and business. Two world wars and a Great Depression rocked the confidence of many people that scientific expertise alone could create a prosperous and ordered world. After World War ?, the academic world turned with new enthusiasm to humanistic studies, which seemed to many scholars the best way to ensure the survival of democracy. American scholars fanned out across much of the world—with support from the Ford Foundation, the Fulbright program, etc.—to promote the teaching of literature and the arts in an effort to make the case for democratic freedoms. In the America of our own time, the great educational challenge has become an effort to strengthen the teaching of what is now known as the STEM disciplines 1056289742 12/11/2011 (science, technology, engineering, and math). There is considerable and justified concern that the United States is falling behind much of the rest of the developed world in these essential disciplines. India, China, Japan, and other regions seem to be seizing technological leadership. At the same time, perhaps inevitably, the humanities—while still popular in elite colleges and universities—have experienced a significant decline. Humanistic disciplines are seriously underfunded, not just by the government and the foundations but by academic institutions themselves. Humanists are usually among the lowest-paid faculty members at most institutions and are often lightly regarded because they do not generate grant income and because they provide no obvious credentials (资质) for most nonacademic careers. Undoubtedly American education should train more scientists and engineers. Much of the concern among politicians about the state of American universities today is focused on the absence of “real world” education—which means preparation for professional and scientific careers. But the idea that institutions or their students must decide between humanities and science is false. Our society could not survive without scientific and technological knowledge. But we would be equally impoverished (贫困的) without humanistic knowledge as well. Science and technology teach us what we can do. Humanistic thinking helps us understand what we should do. It is almost impossible to imagine our society without thinking of the extraordinary achievements of scientists and engineers in building our complicated world. But try to imagine our world as well without the remarkable works that have defined our culture and values. We have always needed, and we still need, both. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 52. In the early 20th century Americans believed science and technology could _______. [A] solve virtually all existing problems [C] help raise people’s living standards [B] quicken the pace of industrialization [D] promote the nation’s social progress 53. Why did many American scholars become enthusiastic about humanistic studies after World War?? [A] They wanted to improve their own status within the current education system. [B] They believed the stability of a society depended heavily on humanistic studies. [C] They could get financial support from various foundations for humanistic studies. [D] They realized science and technology alone were no guarantee for a better world. 54. Why are American scholars worried about education today? [A] The STEM subjects are too challenging for students to learn. 1056289742 12/11/2011 [B] Some Asian countries have overtaken America in basic sciences. [C] America is lagging behind in the STEM disciplines. [D] There are not enough scholars in humanistic studies. 55. What accounts for the significant decline in humanistic studies today? [A] Insufficient funding. [C] Shortage of devoted faculty. [B] Shrinking enrollment. [D] Dim prospects for graduates. 56. Why does the author attach so much importance to humanistic studies? [A] They promote the development of science and technology. [B] They help prepare students for their professional careers. [C] Humanistic thinking helps define our culture and values. [D] Humanistic thinking helps cultivate students’ creativity. Passage Two Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage. Will there ever be another Einstein? This is the undercurrent of conversation at Einstein memorial meetings throughout the year. A new Einstein will emerge, scientists say. But it may take a long time. After all, more than 200 years separated Einstein from his nearest rival, Isaac Newton. Many physicists say the next Einstein hasn’t been born yet, or is a baby now. That’s because the quest for a unified theory that would account for all the forces of nature has pushed current mathematics to its limits. New math must be created before the problem can be solved. But researchers say there are many other factors working against another Einstein emerging anytime soon. For one thing, physics is a much different field today. In Einstein’s day, there were only a few thousand physicists worldwide, and the theoreticians who could intellectually rival Einstein probably would fit into a streetcar with seats to spare. Education is different, too. One crucial aspect of Einstein’s training that is overlooked is the years of philosophy he read as a teenager—Kant, Schopenhauer and Spinoza, among others. It taught him how to think independently and abstractly about space and time, and it wasn’t long before he became a philosopher himself. “The independence created by philosophical insight is—in my opinion—the mark of distinction between a mere artisan (工匠) or specialist and a real seeker after truth,” Einstein wrote in 1944. And he was an accomplished musician. The interplay between music and math is well known. Einstein would furiously play his violin as a way to think through a knotty physics problem. Today, universities have produced millions of physicists. There aren’t many jobs in science for them, so they go to Wall Street and Silicon Valley to apply their analytical skills to more practical—and rewarding—efforts. “Maybe there is an Einstein out there today,” said Columbia University physicist Brian Greene, “but it would be a lot harder for him to be heard.” Especially considering what Einstein was proposing. 1056289742 12/11/2011 “The actual fabric of space and time curving? My God, what an idea!” Greene said at a recent gathering at the Aspen Institute. “It takes a certain type of person who will bang his head against the wall because you believe you’ll find the solution.” Perhaps the best examples are the five scientific papers Einstein wrote in his “miracle year” of 1905. These “thought experiments” were pages of calculations signed and submitted to the prestigious journal Annalen der Physik by a virtual unknown. There were no footnotes or citations. What might happen to such a submission today? “We all get papers like those in the mail,” Greene said. “We put them in the junk file.” 注意: 此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 57. What do scientists seem to agree upon, judging from the first two paragraphs? [A] Einstein pushed mathematics almost to its limits. [B] It will take another Einstein to build a unified theory. [C] No physicist is likely to surpass Einstein in the next 200 years. [D] It will be some time before a new Einstein emerges. 58. What was critical to Einstein’s success? [A] His talent as an accomplished musician. [B] His independent and abstract thinking. [C] His untiring effort to fulfill his potential. [D] His solid foundation in math theory. 59. What does the author tell us about physicists today? [A] They tend to neglect training in analytical skills. [B] They are very good at solving practical problems. [C] They attach great importance to publishing academic papers. [D] They often go into fields yielding greater financial benefits. 60. What does Brian Greene imply by saying “... it would be a lot harder for him to be heard” (Lines 1-2, Para. 9)? [A] People have to compete in order to get their papers published. [B] It is hard for a scientist to have his papers published today. [C] Papers like Einstein’s would unlikely get published today. [D] Nobody will read papers on apparently ridiculous theories. 61. When he submitted his papers in 1905, Einstein _______. [A] forgot to make footnotes and citations [B] was little known in academic circles [C] was known as a young genius in math calculations [D] knew nothing about the format of academic papers Part V Cloze (15 minutes) Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D] on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 1056289742 12/11/2011 America’s most popular newspaper website today announced that the era of free online journalism is drawing to a close. The New York Times has become the biggest publisher yet to 62 plans for a paywall around its digital offering, 63 the accepted practice that internet users will not pay for news. Struggling 64 an evaporation of advertising and a downward drift in street corner sales, The New York Times 65 to introduce a “metered” model at the beginning of 2011. Readers will be required to pay when they have 66 a set number of its online articles per month. The decision puts the 159-year-old newspaper 67 the charging side of an increasingly wide chasm (鸿沟) in the media industry. But others, including the Guardian, have said they will not 68 internet readers, and certain papers, 69 London’ s Evening Standard, have gone further in abandoning readership revenue by making their print editions 70 . The New York Times’s publisher, Arthur Sulzberger, 71 that the move is a gamble: “This is a 72 , to a certain degree, in where we think the web is going.” Boasting a print 73 of 995,000 on weekdays and 1.4 million on Sundays, The New York Times is the third bestselling American newspaper, 74 the Wall Street Journal and USA Today. 75 most US papers focus on a single city, The New York Times is among the few that can 76 national scope—as well as 16 bureaus in the New York area, it has 11 offices around the US and 77 26 bureaus elsewhere in the world. But 78 many in the publishing industry, the paper is in the grip of a 79 financial crisis. Its parent company, the New York Times Company, has 15 papers, but 80 a loss of $70 million in the nine months to September and recently accepted a $250 million 81 from a Mexican billionaire, Carlos Slim, to strengthen its balance sheet. 62. [A] set in [C] carry over [B] set out [D] carry away 63. [A] abusing [C] developing [B] deducting [D] abandoning 64. [A] with [C] along [B] beside [D] by 65. [A] engages [C] deliberates [B] intends [D] signifies 66. [A] exceeded [C] assumed [B] multiplied [D] revealed 67. [A] on [C] over [B] of [D] up 68. [A] cost [C] expend [B] consume [D] charge 69. [A] as for [C] such as [B] far from [D] by far 70. [A] reliable [C] applicable [B] free [D] easy 71. [A] resisted [C] acknowledged 1056289742 12/11/2011 [B] certified [D] appealed 72. [A] net [C] bet [B] kit [D] pit 73. [A] evaluation [C] circulation [B] expansion [D] dimension 74. [A] behind [C] before [B] against [D] within 75. [A] If [C] Hence [B] While [D] Because 76. [A] ascend [C] lengthen [B] announce [D] claim 77. [A] contributes [C] maintains [B] disposes [D] encounters 78. [A] like [C] from [B] beyond [D] through 79. [A] heavy [C] rough [B] crude [D] serious 80. [A] targeted [C] suffered [B] suspended [D] tolerated 81. [A] asset [C] account [B] bill [D] loan Part VI Translation (5 minutes) Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2. 注意: 此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答，只需写出译文部分。 82. There is no denying that you __________________________________ (越仔细越好) in dealing with this matter. 83. Only when I reached my thirties _____________________________(我才意识到读书是不能被忽视的). 84. Much _________________________________(使研究人员感到惊讶), the outcome of the experiment was far better than they had expected. 85. Oh, my, I can’t find my key; ______________________________(我一定是把它忘在哪儿了). 86. I ____________________________________________ (宁愿加入你们去做义工) than go to the beach for a holiday. 2010年12月英语六级考试答案 版本一: Part ? Writing My View on University Ranking 1056289742 12/11/2011 In recent years, all kinds of University Ranking Lists can be found on some educational websites, or newspapers. The ranking standards also vary. These lists have great influence on students. They are even becoming the only scale to evaluate the colleges and universities. People hold different views toward this phenomenon. Some believe that these lists help the students a lot, especially for those who will choose their university. While some other protest vigorously. In their points, the list is really ridiculous and harmful. In my view, the university ranking may have its own reference values, but its disadvantages overweigh its values. For those university-students-to-be, they are supposed to choose the school according to his or her own situation, but not the so-called Ranking List. What’s more, how about the university students? How do they feel about themselves when they see the ranking? The list may become some intangible shackles for them if their own school ranks poorly. In a nutshell, there is no easy method to rank these universities, but the Ranking, only helps students ignore the essentials, namely, their ninety-nine percent perspiration. 此次六级作文的自由度很大，看似给出了提纲，实际上具体的观点全靠个人 发挥。第一段需要点明大学排名这个现象，第二段需要铺陈不同人的观点，第三 段要陈述自己的观点。 大学排名这个题目，实际上涉及到了对了大学的理解，对于大学排名标准的 理解，以及对于大学排名的目的的理解。而这件事更加离不开中国具体的国情， 新中国50年代人至今受教育的情况，90后择校的情况，目前大学的情况，考生 发挥的空间可以纵横数十年的教育史，并且可以深入探讨教育的本质。 当然，对于大多数考生来说，凑满150个字万岁!那么，模板又可以派上用 场了。 模板一 1.Different people have different views on—— 2. Some people perfer,—— 3. Others tend to, —— 4.As to me, I agree with / to —— (1)开门见山直入主体，表明对某事人们的不同看法。 (2)表明一部分人的看法。 (3)另一部分的看法。 (4)作者的看法 我们这里放出来的这篇文章，语言流畅，观点清晰，多处表述有闪光点。 版本二: Part ?作文题目: 1.目前高校排名相当盛行 2.对于这种做法，人们看法不一 3.我认为... Now society competition is very big, college is not exceptional also, the present universities ranking is quite popular, appear very I "ranking" drawbacks. For this kind of practice, the person of shem view each not camera, some understanding ranking is 1056289742 12/11/2011 very necessary, can promote the school competition, some understanding ranking, cause a lot of school lane virtual do false education quality, causing the glide! And I think the school rankings of this mechanism is should be reserved, but need to regulate the arrangement, the education development of the rankings system into motivation, not resistance. 作文范文: For those university students-to-be, choosing their ideal school is never an easy job, but luckily, different authorities come up with the university ranking to help! Top students shall choose the top schools high on the list and vice versa. Complicated issue becomes easy numerical comparison, yet the real problem stays there, can the numerical ranking tell you the status quo of these universities? Are these “authorities” producing the ranking authoritative enough to make the judgments? Let’s take a serious look at the issue before we jump to the conclusion whether university ranking is good or bad. We have to admit that because of historical reasons, most of the 1950s-1960s parents were denied higher education and this cruel fact makes them even more eager to give their children high education even though they have no idea of what university education is all about. The ranking helps them to make decisions based on their simple idea of better ranking means better jobs in future, and therefore better income! It is pathetic that they interpret knowledge and wisdom in such a way yet it is even more pathetic that there are so-claimed well-educated people making up all the ranking and get the ranking published to mislead them! 快速阅读: 版本一: Part ? Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning) 1.A not be sustained in the long term 解析:关键字1994对应第一段第三行，题干中unsustainable即选项A中 sustained的反义表达方式。选择A。 2.B Intergenerational conflicts will intensify. 解析:从书名定位到原文第二段，heading for the rock, the cleaner, 都暗示了 两代人之间的问题，最后的warfare则一目了然地指出了该矛盾。 3.D politicians are afraid of losing votes in the next election 解析:首先需要理解题目意图，即为何养老机制改革迟迟不能进行，然后定 位到文章第四段，其实只要从段落中politician这一关键字就能选定D选项。 4.A allow people to work longer 解析:从题干中the most effective method找到第五段第三句原话，直接选 择A选项。 5.D younger workers are readily available 解析:题目中employer为关键字，找到第六段，该段看似没有直接提到为 什么雇主不愿意雇佣old workers，但从其不断分析新涌现出来的劳动力替代者， 可以总结的出D选项，即年轻劳动力的供给已足以满足企业需求。 6.B large numbers of immigrants from overseas 1056289742 12/11/2011 解析:这道题间接考察了学生变换思维的能力，Japan在文中一时难以找到， 但其所代表的发达国家群体developed countries却出现在了第七段，而该段恰恰 揭示了发达国家靠移民劳动力寻求养老机制危机一时的缓解的举措。 7.B They find it hard to balance career and family. 解析:compromise关键字找到第九段，关键字出现的句子前一句就是B选 项。 8.be innovative and take risks than younger ones 解析:题目中old societies关键字对应到倒数第六段第三行，题目中的less inclined正好与原文中的more strongly disinclined形成对照，所以答案只需摘录之 后的原文即可，即take risks than younger ones. 9.mostly have families 解析:题目中关键字intergenerational warfare对应到原文倒数第五段。第二 句直接对第一句做出了解释，摘录即可。 10.military service 解析:要理解题目中less willing to 的含义，即不情愿，这样定位到倒数第 三段第一句的reluctant， commit sth. to sth. ，空格内需要填写名词，参照原文， 即military service. 版本二: Part II 1 D 2 A 3 A 4 D 5 D 6 B 7 A 听力: Part ? Listening Comprehension Section A 11. What can we infer from the conversation? 【答案】A The man is the manager of the apartment building 【解析】从对话中看出女士在找apartment building，不是男士。因此选A。 12. What is the woman eager to know? 【答案】B How the pictures will turn out. 【解析】女士想知道的是if the shots I took are as good as I thought. 照片是不 是和她想的异样好。这里shots指照片。turn out指照片拍出来的效果。因此选B。 13. What does the man mean? 【答案】C The suitcase can be fixed in time. 【解析】男士说到find a handle后面提到 but that shouldn’t take too long说明不是没有handle可以匹配。因此排除A,B。 14. What do we learn about the man from the conversation? 【答案】B He needs a vehicle to be used in harsh weather. 【解析】男士说到truck需要operate for long periods of time in very cold 1056289742 12/11/2011 temperatures，因此选择选项B。very cold temperatures对应harsh weather. 15. What do we learn about the woman? 【答案】A She has made up her mind to resign. 【解析】从文中女士强硬的口气I could no longer live with„可以看出她下定 决心。因此选择A。 16. What does the women want to do? 【答案】D Replace the shirt with one of some other material. 【解析】女士首先提到exchange the shirt，后面又解释了原因allergic to wool， 从男士的回答也可以看出换成别的材质。因此选择D。 17. Where does this conversation most probably take place? 【答案】D At a “Lost and Found” 【解析】男士首先问Did anyone happen to turn in a new handbag?，女士又问 了他handbag的详细信息，可见是在失物招领处，选D。 18. What does the man plan to do with his old house? 【答案】C Convert in into a hotel 【解析】but后面是真正意图: turning it into a guest house。guest house 意为 宾馆，因此选C。 19. What is the key to write a good classical detective story according to the man? 【答案】D Careful plotting and clueing. 【解析】对话中提到it must be so carefully plotted and so carefully clued，对 应D选项。 20. What does the man mainly need when working on a book? 【答案】D To be entirely alone. 【解析】对话中can’t even bare anybody else, be completely alone都说明该 作家需要独立的写作空间，因此选择D。 21. What does the man say about writers? 【答案】C They look at the world in a detached manner. 【解析】关键词detachment 分离。作家提到作者的经历和写作。虽然说道 some experiences overwhelm everyone, 但是后面的but暗示了答案，stand aside、 detachment都对应了C选项。 22. What does the woman say about British railways? 【答案】B Like it or not, you have to use them. 【解析】在对话一开始，女士就提到了There’s only one railway system, if you don't like a particular railway, you can’t go and use another. 因为只有一条铁路， 即使不喜欢，也只能乘坐，换句话说不论喜欢与否都得用它。因此选择B。 23. What do some people who write to the man complain about? 【答案】D The monopoly of British Railways. 【解析】对话中谈及monopoly，铁路垄断，因此选D。其他选项均未涉及。 24. What does the man say threatens the existence of railways? 【答案】B Competition from other modes of transport. 【解析】对话中modes of transport are all around对应选项B。 25. What does the man say about railways in other countries? 【答案】D They lose a lot of money. 1056289742 12/11/2011 【解析】男士以德、法两国铁路为例，每年铁路都有大量亏损。因此选择D。 而B选项中disappearing仅仅是美国的情况。 Section B Passage One 文章解析: 本文是一篇地理科学类文章，有点难度，关键是对一些专有名词的把握。文 章开始先指出全球变暖带来最主要的威胁是极地冰盖的融化，并给出了相应的事 实和数据加以证明。接着更多例子表明南极洲的冰盖在过去的130万年间至少坍 塌过一次。相关高等学府的学者和科学家也相继用实验证明南极洲西部曾是一片 汪洋。最后引用Herman Engleheart的话，再次提醒我们，西南极洲大冰原很可 能再次融化消失。 其实按常理来说，如果听力文章比较有难度的话，题目的难度相对应会降低。 所以大家在遇到此类题型时不必惊慌。提取关键信息、边听边记 笔记 哲学笔记pdf明清笔记pdf政法笔记下载课堂笔记下载生物化学笔记PDF ，运用好背 景知识等就能把题目做出来。平时也要注意扩大阅读范围，增长见识。关于环境 保护和全球变暖之类的文章屡见不鲜，要求考生在这方面要引起足够的重视。 难点词汇: West Antarctic ice sheet西南极洲大冰原 ice shelf 冰架 anchored 固定的 fossil 化石 microscopic marine plants 海洋微生物 geological 地质的 答案及解析: 26. What is one of the most frightening threats of global warming according to the passage? 【解析】C) Many coastal cities will be covered with water. 细节题。本题不难，从听力开头即可听到 “raising sea level so much that coastal cities from New York to Los Angles to Shanghai will be flooded” 所以选C选 项。 27. What do scientists disagree on? 【解析】B) How unstable the West Antarctic ice sheet is. 细节题。本题不难。注意关键句 “but Antarctic experts disagree strongly on just how unstable it is” 即可得出答案。 28. What is the latest information revealed about the West Antarctic ice sheet? 【解析】A)It collapsed at least once during the past 1.3 million years. 细节题。注意提取关键信息 “new evidence reveals that all or most of the Antarctic ice sheet collapsed at least once during the past 1.3 million years” 所以选 A选项。 29. What the scientists’ latest findings suggest? 【解析】A) The West Antarctic region was once a open ocean. 细节题。听力最后的例子说明了这一点“which suggest that the region was once open ocean not solid ice”， 而其他选项都不是最新的发现。 Passage Two 30 B)Whether a deleted photo is immediately removed from the web. 【解析】听力一开始作者就建议我们尝试删除自己上传的照片“Take a photo and upload it to Facebook, then after a day or so, note what the URL link to the picture is and then delete it.”，由此可知应该选B。 31 B) The way they store data. 1056289742 12/11/2011 【解析】“Why do "deleted" photos stick around so long? The problem relates to the way data is stored on large websites”，从这句话可知图片之所以不能立即删除 跟它们存储的方式有关。 32 C) When the URL is reused. 【解析】“In the case of Facebook, the company says data may hang around until the URL in question is reused”，从这句话可知只有URL被再次用到才会被删除。 Passage Three 33. A 解析:第一段原文可以找到对应句子，即some iced coffees contain as many calories as a hot dinner. 34. B 解析:第一段原文中有对应语句，即Better skip dinner or hit the gym afterwards. 35. C 解析:在此句中，“The WCRF has estimated that 19,000 cancers a year in Britain could be prevented„”，关键词prevented可以得知答案为C选项。 Section C 36. diverse 37. tragic 38. commit 39. outcome 40. scale 41. colleagues 42. accurate 43. averages 45. Students with high hope set themselves higher goals and know how to work to attain them, 46. went beyond the simple notion that hope is merely the sense that everything will turn out all right. 47. Having hope means believing you have both the will and the way to accomplish your goals, whatever they may be. 仔细阅读: 版本一: Part ? Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth) Section A 47. 答案:feminine and weak 解析:文中提到„because they believe that such feelings are feminine and imply weakness. 要填在to be后面就应该转化成形容词形式。 48. 答案:lose composure 解析:文中提到may lead to a loss of composure。要用在主语后面就要把loss 变成动词lose。 1056289742 12/11/2011 49. 答案:stress-related disorders 解析:文中提到can contribute to stress-related disorder。 50. 答案:their relationship with partners 解析:文中提到„report lower relationship satisfaction as do their female partners.故这里要重新组合转换表达形式。 51. 答案:aggressive 解析:文中提到„into physically aggression or violence，而此处在become后 就要用aggression的形容词形式。 Section B Passage One 52) A solve virtually existing all problems 细节题。抓住时间点“In the early 2oth century” 我们从第一句 “offer solutions to almost every problem” 便可知道答案。选择A选项。 53) D They realized that science and technology alone were no guarantee for a better world. 推论题。 我们首先比较容易排除A和C项。B项具有迷惑性，关键是看“the stability of a society depended heavily on humanistic study”这个选项仔细看就会发 现说得太绝对了，社会的问题主要是靠人文主义的研究?显然不是很恰当。我们 从下面那句也可以推断出选D比较恰当。 “Two world wars and a Great Depression rocked the confidence of many people that scientific expertise alone could create a prosperous and ordered world.” 54) C America is lagging behind in the STEMS disciplines. 细节题。主要在第二段里找答案。从段落后两句“There is considerable and justified concern that the United States is falling behind much of the rest of the developed world in these essential disciplines.” 我们可以推断出是选C选项。 A 和D选项比较容易排除。不选B选项，因为文章中 “India, China, Japan, and other regions seem to be seizing technological leadership.” seem to 表明这几个国家只 是有种趋势，但还没有have overtaken。 55) A Insufficient funding. 细节题。我们在第三段里可以找到答案。 从“„are seriously underfunded„” “Humanists are usually among the lowest-paid faculty members„” 这些信息中， 可以很快知道是A选项。 56) C Humanistic thinking helps cultivate and define our culture and values. 细节题。本题不难。作者为什么如此着重人文主义的研究，其他三项都是非 常具体的，且都不是重点。只有C选项符合。且我们从最后这一句 “But try to imagine our world as well without the remarkable works that have defined our culture and values.” 及作者的语气可以更加确定是C选项。 Passage Two 57. D. It will be some time before a new Einstein emerges. 解析:这道题针对开头两节。A和C答案比较容易排除，A说爱因斯坦把数 1056289742 12/11/2011 学推到了一个极限，C说在将来的两百年都不会有物理学家超过爱因斯坦，这两个都明显不合文章大意。B答案说需要一个爱因斯坦才能建立一种大一统理论，属于过度推理，并且细节性太强了。D答案是正确答案，很多同学不敢选D的原因是，因为有些科学家们认为爱因斯坦或许还没有诞生或许还是个小婴儿，他们认为这样一来就有可能爱因斯坦已经存在了。但是这句话里面的爱因斯坦是代表伟大的科学家的意思，那么这个题目选择D就是正确的，大家都同意的是像爱因斯坦那样伟大的科学家还需要一定的时间才会出现。 58. B. His independent and abstract thinking 解析:B他独立与抽象思维能力。这一段是文章中间部分的内容概括。根据上下文意思推断，爱因斯坦成功的原因，不能说是他在音乐方面的天分，也不能说他的努力或者他在数学方面的深厚基础，因此答案选择B。 59. D. They often go into fields yielding greater financial benefits. 解析:正确答案选择D。这段文章是在问今天的物理学家们的情况， A说他们缺乏分析能力，B说他们擅长处理实际问题，C说他们重视发表文章，都是从根据文章细节中捏造出来的错误选项。D是对于文章内容的一个总结概括，数量众多的物理学家进入了更有经济利益的领域。 60. D. Nobody will read papers on apparently ridiculous theories. 解析:正确答案选择D。结合Greene讲的话，他说What an idea!还说是需要把头往墙上撞的人才会相信能找到个解决 方案 气瓶 现场处置方案 .pdf气瓶 现场处置方案 .doc见习基地管理方案.doc关于群访事件的化解方案建筑工地扬尘治理专项方案下载 呢!说明内容实在是比较荒诞。 61. B. was little known in academic circles 解析:正确答案选择B，说的是爱因斯坦在学术圈里面默默无闻，跟原文里面的“by a virtual unknown”相对应。有迷惑性的选择项是D,因为文中提到了爱因斯坦的文章没有配上脚注和注释footnote and citations.但是D选择项是说，爱因斯坦不懂得论文的格式，这个属于过度推理了。 版本二: 52 A 53 A 54 D 55 A 56 D 57 B 58 B 59 C 60 D 61 C 完形填空: 版本一: Part ? Cloze 62 B set out set out plans表示制定 计划 项目进度计划表范例计划下载计划下载计划下载课程教学计划下载 63 D abandoning abandon 放弃，once unshakeable orthodoxy表示曾经不可动摇的做法，也就是现在要放弃了。 64 A with struggle with表示同„斗争，介词搭配，这里表示设法应对广告收1056289742 12/11/2011 入和报纸销售量下降的局面。 65 B intends intend to表示打算„,从后面的at the beginning of 2011，可知还没有这么做，只是计划或者打算这么做。 66 A exceeded 超过，是说当用户每月阅读文章超过一定量时就要收费。 67 A on 和side搭配，on the side of „表示拥护„;站在„一边。 68 D charge 本词在文章中多次出现，charge sb表示向某人收费。 69 C such as 表示举例，从后面举London's Evening Standard作为例子，可知应该选such as. 70 B free 前面提到abandon readership revenue，即放弃读者收益，由此可知应该是make print editions free. 71 C acknowledged 表示承认，这里表示Arthur Sulzberger承认这么做是一种赌博。 72 C bet 打赌，赌注，从前面的gamble可知应该选bet。 73 C circulation 发行量，从后面的数量可知应该选circulation。 74 A behind NYT排名第三，即排在the Wall Street Journal and USA Today后面。 75 B While while在这里表示对比，从上下文可知NYT与美国其他报纸不同。 76 D claim 声称，宣称，这里是说NYT声称自己是全国范围的报纸。 77 C maintains 维持，运营，即NYT还在世界其他地方运营着26个办公室。 78 A like 从下文可知NYT和印刷行业的其他公司一样，也受到金融危机的影响，所以选like，表示同„一样。 79 D serious 严重的，考察形容词与名词的搭配，从下文的数据可知遭受严重经济损失。 80 C suffered 遭受，suffer a loss遭受损失，常见搭配。 81 D loan 贷款，前文提到公司损失了很多钱，所以需要从别处借钱来补充资金。 版本二: 62-66 BCBAC 67-71 CBBBD 72-76 CAACD 77-81 CDADC 翻译: 版本一: Part ? Translation 82. There is no denying that you ___________(越仔细越好) in dealing with this matter. 解析:can never be too careful / can not be too careful 【考点解释】本题考查“越仔细越好”“再„也不为过”的固定搭配，即can never be too/can not be too + adj. 【原句精释】无可否认，处理这件事，越仔细越好。 83. Only when I reached my thirties __________________________ (我才意识到读书是不能被忽视的) 解析:did I realize that reading cannot be neglected did I realize that reading is unignorable 1056289742 12/11/2011 【考点解释】本题考查由only when 引起的局部倒装。当only when置于句首，主句用局部倒装，即将助动词置于主语前面。only when引导句子时态为过去时(reached)，为保持时态一致，主句助动词用did;注意被动语态的使用，reading与neglect为被动关系。同时也可以使用be+adj的结构。 【原句精释】直到三十岁，我才意识不能忽视读书。 84. Much ___________________ (使研究人员感到惊讶)，the outcome of the experiment was far better than they had expected. 解析:to the researchers’ surprise 【考点解释】本题考查固定搭配 to one’s surprise 使„惊讶的是„ 【原句精释】让研究人员大为惊讶的是，实验结果比他们的预计好得多。 85. Oh, my, I can’t find my key; __________________________(我一定是把它放在哪儿了)。 解析:I must have left / put it somewhere. 【考点解释】本题考查对过去事情的肯定的猜测，即must have+过去分词，leave与put都有放置的意思，但leave强调遗忘在„，较之put，leave更贴合题意。 【原句精释】天啊，我找不到钥匙。我一定是把它放在哪儿了。 86.I ________________________(宁愿加入你们去做义工)than go to the beach for a holiday. 解析:would rather join you as a volunteer 【考点解释】考查结构“宁愿„也不愿„”, 因题干中已存在“than go”的结构，只能使用 “would rather do rather than do”。加入„ join sb 【原句精释】我宁愿加入你们去做义工，也不愿到海边去度假。 版本二: Part ? 翻译: 82.can not be too careful 83.did I realize that reading could not be neglected 84.to the researchers' surprise 85.I must have left it somewhere 86.would rather join you to do volunteer work 2011年6月英语六级真题及答案 2011年6月大学英语六级真题 Part ? Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Certificate Craze. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. 1(现在许多人热衷于各类证书考试 2(其目的各不相同 1056289742 12/11/2011 3(在我看来„„ The Certificate Craze 注意:此部分试题在答题卡1上。 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sen tences with the information given in the passage. Minority Report American universities are accepting more minorities than ever. Graduating them is another matter. Barry Mills, the president of Bowdoin College, was justifiably proud of Bowdoin's efforts to recruit minority students. Since 2003 the small, elite liberal arts school in Brunswick, Maine, has boosted the proportion of so-called under-represented minority students in entering freshman classes from 8% to 13%. "It is our responsibility to reach out and attract students to come to our kinds of places," he told a NEWSWEEK reporter. But Bowdoin has not done quite as well when it comes to actually graduating minorities. While 9 out of 10 white students routinely get their diplomas within six years, only 7 out of 10 black students made it to graduation day in several recent classes. "If you look at who enters college, it now looks like America," says Hilary Pennington, director of postsecondary programs for the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, which has closely studied enrollment patterns in higher education. "But if you look at who walks across the stage for a diploma, it's still largely the white, upper-income population." The United States once had the highest graduation rate of any nation. Now it stands 10th. For the first time in American history, there is the risk that the rising generation will be less well educated than the previous one. The graduation rate among 25- to 34-year-olds is no better than the rate for the 55- to 64-year-olds who were going to college more than 30 years ago. Studies show that more and more poor and non-white students want to graduate from college – but their graduation rates fall far short of their dreams. The graduation rates for blacks, Latinos, and Native Americans lag far behind the graduation rates for whites and Asians. As the minority population grows in the United States, low college graduation rates become a threat to national prosperity. The problem is pronounced at public universities. In 2007 the University of Wisconsin-Madison – one of the top five or so prestigious public universities – graduated 81% of its white students within six years, but only 56% of its blacks. At less-selective state schools, the numbers get worse. During the same time frame, the University of Northern Iowa graduated 67% of its white students, 1056289742 12/11/2011 but only 39% of its blacks. Community colleges have low graduation rates generally – but rock-bottom rates for minorities. A recent review of California community colleges found that while a third of the Asian students picked up their degrees, only 15% of African-Americans did so as well. Private colleges and universities generally do better, partly because they offer smaller classes and more personal attention. But when it comes to a significant graduation gap, Bowdoin has company. Nearby Colby College logged an 18-point difference between white and black graduates in 2007 and 25 points in 2006. Middlebury College in Vermont, another top school, had a 19-point gap in 2007 and a 22-point gap in 2006. The most selective private schools – Harvard, Yale, and Princeton – show almost no gap between black and white graduation rates. But that may have more to do with their ability to select the best students. According to data gathered by Harvard Law School professor Lani Guinier, the most selective schools are more likely to choose blacks who have at least one immigrant parent from Africa or the Caribbean than black students who are descendants of American slaves. "Higher education has been able to duck this issue for years, particularly the more selective schools, by saying the responsibility is on the individual student," says Pennington of the Gates Foundation. "If they fail, it's their fault." Some critics blame affirmative action – students admitted with lower test scores and grades from shaky high schools often struggle at elite schools. But a bigger problem may be that poor high schools often send their students to colleges for which they are "undermatched": they could get into more elite, richer schools, but instead go to community colleges and low-rated state schools that lack the resources to help them. Some schools out for profit cynically increase tuitions and count on student loans and federal aid to foot the bill – knowing full well that the students won't make it. "The school keeps the money, but the kid leaves with loads of debt and no degree and no ability to get a better job. Colleges are not holding up their end," says Amy Wilkins of the Education Trust. A college education is getting ever more expensive. Since 1982 tuitions have been rising at roughly twice the rate of inflation. In 2008 the net cost of attending a four-year public university – after financial aid – equaled 28% of median (中间的)family income, while a four-year private university cost 76% of median family income. More and more scholarships are based on merit, not need. Poorer students are not always the best-informed consumers. Often they wind up deeply in debt or simply unable to pay after a year or two and must drop out. There once was a time when universities took pride in their dropout rates. Professors would begin the year by saying, "Look to the right and look to the left. One of you is not going to be here by the end of the year." But such a Darwinian spirit is beginning to give way as at least a few colleges face up to the graduation gap. At the University of Wisconsin-Madison, the gap has been roughly halved over the last three years. The university has poured resources into peer counseling to help students from inner-city schools adjust to the rigor (严格要求)and faster pace of a university classroom –and also to help minority students overcome the stereotype that they are less qualified. Wisconsin has a "laserlike focus" on building up student skills in the first three months, according to vice provost (教务长)Damon Williams. 1056289742 12/11/2011 State and federal governments could sharpen that focus everywhere by broadly publishing minority graduation rates. For years private colleges such as Princeton and MIT have had success bringing minorities onto campus in the summer before freshman year to give them some prepara tory courses. The newer trend is to start recruiting poor and non-white students as early as the seventh grade, using innovative tools to identify kids with sophisticated verbal skills. Such pro grams can be expensive, of course, but cheap compared with the millions already invested in scholarships and grants for kids who have little chance to graduate without special support. With effort and money, the graduation gap can be closed. Washington and Lee is a small, selective school in Lexington, Va. Its student body is less than 5% black and less than 2% Latino. While the school usually graduated about 90% of its whites, the graduation rate of its blacks and Latinos had dipped to 63% by 2007. "We went through a dramatic shift," says Dawn Watkins, the vice president for student affairs. The school aggressively pushed mentoring (辅导) of minorities by other students and "partnering" with parents at a special pre-enrollment session. The school had its first-ever black homecoming. Last spring the school graduated the same proportion of minorities as it did whites. If the United States wants to keep up in the global economic race, it will have to pay systematic attention to graduating minorities, not just enrolling them. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 1. What is the author's main concern about American higher education? A) The small proportion of minority students. B) The low graduation rates of minority students. C) The growing conflicts among ethnic groups. D) The poor academic performance of students. 2. What was the pride of President Barry Mills of Bowdoin College? A) The prestige of its liberal arts programs. B) Its ranking among universities in Maine. C) The high graduation rates of its students. D) Its increased enrollment of minority students. 3. What is the risk facing America? A) Its schools will be overwhelmed by the growing number of illegal immigrants. B) The rising generation will be less well educated than the previous one. 1056289742 12/11/2011 C) More poor and non-white students will be denied access to college. D) It is going to lose its competitive edge in higher education. 4. How many African-American students earned their degrees in California community colleges according to a recent review? A) Fifty-six percent. C) Fifteen percent. B) Thirty-nine percent. D) Sixty-seven percent. 5. Harvard, Yale, and Princeton show almost no gap between black and white graduation rates mainly because . A) their students work harder C) their classes are generally smaller B) they recruit the best students D) they give students more attention 6. How does Amy Wilkins of the Education Trust view minority students' failure to get a degree? A) Universities are to blame. B) Students don't work hard. C) The government fails to provide the necessary support. D) Affirmative action should be held responsible. 7. Why do some students drop out after a year or two according to the author? A) They have lost confidence in themselves. B) They cannot afford the high tuition. C) They cannot adapt to the rigor of the school. D) They fail to develop interest in their studies. 8. To tackle the problem of graduation gap, the University of Wisconsin-Madison helps minority students get over the stereotype that _______. 9. For years, private colleges such as Princeton and MIT have provided minority students with _______ during the summer before freshman year. 1056289742 12/11/2011 10. Washington and Lee University is cited as an example to show that the gap of graduation rates between whites and minorities can _______. Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the correspond ing letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 11. A) She will give him the receipt later. B) The man should make his own copies. C) She has not got the man's copies ready. D) The man forgot to make the copies for her. 12. A) She phoned Fred about the book. C) She ran into Fred on her way here. B) She was late for the appointment. D) She often keeps other people waiting. 13. A) Mark is not fit to take charge of the Student Union. B) Mark is the best candidate for the post of chairman. C) It won't be easy for Mark to win the election. D) Females are more competitive than males in elections. 14. A) It failed to arrive at its destination in time. B) It got seriously damaged on the way. C) It got lost at the airport in Paris. D) It was left behind in the hotel. 15. A) Just make use of whatever information is available. 1056289742 12/11/2011 B) Put more effort into preparing for the presentation. C) Find more relevant information for their work. D) Simply raise the issue in their presentation. 16. A) The man has decided to choose Language Studies as his major. B) The woman isn't interested in the psychology of language. C) The man is still trying to sign up for the course he is interested in. D) The woman isn't qualified to take the course the man mentioned. 17. A) They are both to blame. B) They are both easy to please. C) They can manage to get along. D) They will make peace in time. 18. A) They are in desperate need of financial assistance. B) They hope to do miracles with limited resources. C) They want to borrow a huge sum from the bank. D) They plan to buy out their business partners. Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 19. A) We simply cannot help reacting instinctively that way. B) We wish to hide our indifference to their misfortune. C) We derive some humorous satisfaction from their misfortune. D) We think it serves them right for being mean to other people. 20. A) They want to show their genuine sympathy. B) They have had similar personal experiences. C) They don't know how to cope with the situation. D) They don't want to reveal their own frustration. 1056289742 12/11/2011 21. A) They themselves would like to do it but don't dare to. B) It's an opportunity for relieving their tension. C) It's a rare chance for them to see the boss lose face. D) They have seen this many times in old films. 22. A) To irritate them. C) To relieve her feelings. B) To teach them a lesson. D) To show her courage. Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 23. A) Smuggling drugs into Hong Kong. C) Stealing a fellow passenger's bag. B) Having committed armed robbery. D) Bringing a handgun into Hong Kong. 24. A) He said not a single word during the entire flight. B) He took away Kumar's baggage while he was asleep. C) He was travelling on a scholarship from Delhi University. D) He is suspected of having slipped something in Kumar's bag. 25. A) Give him a lift. C) Check the passenger list. B) Find Alfred Foster. D) Search all suspicious cars. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 Passage One Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard. 26. A) They think travel has become a trend. B) They think travel gives them their money's worth. 1056289742 12/11/2011 C) They find many of the banks untrustworthy. D) They lack the expertise to make capital investments. 27. A) Lower their prices to attract more customers. B) Introduce travel packages for young travelers. C) Design programs targeted at retired couples. D) Launch a new program of adventure trips. 28. A) The role of travel agents. C) The number of last-minute bookings. B) The way people travel. D) The prices of polar expeditions. Passage Two Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard. 29. A) The old stereotypes about men and women. B) The changing roles played by men and women. C) The division of labor between men and women. D) The widespread prejudice against women. 30. A) Offer more creative and practical ideas than men. B) Ask questions that often lead to controversy. C) Speak loudly enough to attract attention. D) Raise issues on behalf of women. 31. A) To prove that she could earn her living as a gardener. B) To show that women are more hardworking than men. C) To show that women are capable of doing what men do. D) To prove that she was really irritated with her husband. Passage Three Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard. 1056289742 12/11/2011 32. A) Covering major events of the day in the city. B) Reporting criminal offenses in Greenville. C) Hunting news for the daily headlines. D) Writing articles on family violence. 33. A) It is a much safer place than it used to be. B) Rapes rarely occur in the downtown areas. C) Assaults often happen on school campuses. D) It has fewer violent crimes than big cities. 34. A) There are a wide range of cases. B) They are very destructive. C) There has been a rise in such crimes. D) They have aroused fear among the residents. 35. A) Write about something pleasant. C) Offer help to crime victims. B) Do some research on local politics. D) Work as a newspaper editor. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 In America, people are faced with more and more decisions every day, whether it's picking one of 31 ice cream (36) _____ or deciding whether and when to get married. That sounds like a great thing. But as a recent study has shown, too many choices can make us (37) _____, unhappy – even paralyzed with indecision. 1056289742 12/11/2011 That's (38) _____ true when it comes to the workplace, says Barry Schwartz, an author of six books about human (39) _____. Students are graduating with a (40) _____ of skills and interests, but often find themselves (41) _____ when it comes to choosing an ultimate career goal. In a study, Schwartz observed decision-making among college students during their (42) _____ year. Based on answers to questions regarding their job-hunting (43) _____ and career decisions, he divided the students into two groups: "maximizers" who consider every possible option, and "satisficers" who look until they find an option that is good enough. You might expect that the students (44) _________________________________. But it turns out that's not true. Schwartz found that while maximizers ended up with better paying jobs than satisficers on average, they weren't as happy with their decision. The reason (45) _________________________________. When you look at every possible option, you tend to focus more on what was given up than what was gained. After surveying every option, (46) _________________________________. Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2. Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage. How good are you at saying "no"? For many, it's surprisingly difficult. This is especially true of editors, who by nature tend to be eager and engaged participants in everything they do. Consider these scenarios: It's late in the day. That front-page package you've been working on is nearly complete; one last edit and it's finished. Enter the executive editor, who makes a suggestion requiring a more-than-modest rearrangement of the design and the addition of an information box. You want to scream: "No! It's done!" What do you do? The first rule of saying no to the boss is don't say no. She probably has something in mind when she makes suggestions, and it's up to you to find out what. The second rule is don't raise the stakes by challenging her authority. That issue is already decided. The third rule is to be ready to cite options and consequences. The boss's suggestions might be appropriate, but there are always consequences. She might not know about the pages backing up that need attention, or about the designer who had to go home sick. Tell her she can have what she wants, but explain the consequences. Understand what she's trying to accomplish and propose a Plan B that will make it happen without destroying what you've done so far. 1056289742 12/11/2011 Here's another case. Your least-favorite reporter suggests a dumb story idea. This one should be easy, but it's not. If you say no, even politely, you risk inhibiting further ideas, not just from that reporter, but from others who heard that you turned down the idea. This scenario is common in newsrooms that lack a systematic way to filter story suggestions. Two steps are necessary. First, you need a system for how stories are proposed and reviewed. Reporters can tolerate rejection of their ideas if they believe they were given a fair hearing. Your gut reaction (本能反应) and dismissive rejection, even of a worthless idea, might not qualify as systematic or fair. Second, the people you work with need to negotiate a "What if ...?" agreement covering "What if my idea is turned down?" How are people expected to react? Is there an appeal process? Can they refine the idea and resubmit it? By anticipating "What if...?" situations before they happen, you can reach understanding that will help ease you out of confrontations. 47. Instead of directly saying no to your boss, you should find out __________. 48. The author's second warning is that we should avoid running a greater risk by __________. 49. One way of responding to your boss's suggestion is to explain the __________ to her and offer an alternative solution. 50. To ensure fairness to reporters, it is important to set up a system for stories to __________. 51. People who learn to anticipate "What if...?" situations will be able to reach understanding and avoid __________. Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage. At the heart of the debate over illegal immigration lies one key question: are immigrants good or bad for the economy? The American public overwhelmingly thinks they're bad. Yet the consensus among most economists is that immigration, both legal and illegal, provides a small net boost to the economy. Immigrants provide cheap labor, lower the prices of everything from farm produce to new homes, and leave consumers with a little more money in their pockets. So why is there such a discrepancy between the perception of immigrants' impact on the economy and the reality? 1056289742 12/11/2011 There are a number of familiar theories. Some argue that people are anxious and feel threatened by an inflow of new workers. Others highlight the strain that undocumented immigrants place on public services, like schools, hospitals, and jails. Still others emphasize the role of race, arguing that foreigners add to the nation's fears and insecurities. There's some truth to all these explanations, but they aren't quite sufficient. To get a better understanding of what's going on, consider the way immigration's impact is felt. Though its overall effect may be positive, its costs and benefits are distributed unevenly. David Card, an economist at UC Berkeley, notes that the ones who profit most directly from immigrants' low-cost labor are businesses and employers – meatpacking plants in Nebraska, for instance, or agricultural businesses in California. Granted, these producers' savings probably translate into lower prices at the grocery store, but how many consumers make that mental connection at the checkout counter? As for the drawbacks of illegal immigration, these, too, are concentrated. Native low-skilled workers suffer most from the competition of foreign labor. According to a study by George Borjas, a Harvard economist, immigration reduced the wages of American high-school dropouts by 9% between 1980-2000. Among high-skilled, better-educated employees, however, opposition was strongest in states with both high numbers of immigrants and relatively generous social services. What worried them most, in other words, was the fiscal (财政的)burden of immigration. That conclusion was reinforced by another finding: that their opposition appeared to soften when that fiscal burden decreased, as occurred with welfare reform in the 1990s, which curbed immigrants' access to certain benefits. The irony is that for all the overexcited debate, the net effect of immigration is minimal. Even for those most acutely affected – say, low-skilled workers, or California residents – the impact isn't all that dramatic. "The unpleasant voices have tended to dominate our perceptions," says Daniel Tichenor, a political science professor at the University of Oregon. "But when all those factors are put together and the economists calculate the numbers, it ends up being a net positive, but a small one." Too bad most people don't realize it. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 52. What can we learn from the first paragraph? A) Whether immigrants are good or bad for the economy has been puzzling economists. B) The American economy used to thrive on immigration but now it's a different story. C) The consensus among economists is that immigration should not be encouraged. D) The general public thinks differently from most economists on the impact of immigration. 53. In what way does the author think ordinary Americans benefit from immigration? A) They can access all kinds of public services. 1056289742 12/11/2011 B) They can get consumer goods at lower prices. C) They can mix with people of different cultures. D) They can avoid doing much of the manual labor. 54. Why do native low-skilled workers suffer most from illegal immigration? A) They have greater difficulty getting welfare support. B) They are more likely to encounter interracial conflicts. C) They have a harder time getting a job with decent pay. D) They are no match for illegal immigrants in labor skills. 55. What is the chief concern of native high-skilled, better-educated employees about the inflow of immigrants? A) It may change the existing social structure. B) It may pose a threat to their economic status. C) It may lead to social instability in the country. D) It may place a great strain on the state budget. 56. What is the irony about the debate over immigration? A) Even economists can't reach a consensus about its impact. B) Those who are opposed to it turn out to benefit most from it. C) People are making too big a fuss about something of small impact. D) There is no essential difference between seemingly opposite opinions. Passage Two Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage. Picture a typical MBA lecture theatre twenty years ago. In it the majority of students will have conformed to the standard model of the time: male, middle class and Western. Walk into a class today, however, and you'll get a completely different impression. For a start, you will now see plenty more women – the University of Pennsylvania's Wharton School, for example, boasts that 1056289742 12/11/2011 40% of its new enrolment is female. You will also see a wide range of ethnic groups and nationals of practically every country. It might be tempting, therefore, to think that the old barriers have been broken down and equal opportunity achieved. But, increasingly, this apparent diversity is becoming a mask for a new type of conformity. Behind the differences in sex, skin tones and mother tongues, there are common attitudes, expectations and ambitions which risk creating a set of clones among the business leaders of the future. Diversity, it seems, has not helped to address fundamental weaknesses in business leadership. So what can be done to create more effective managers of the commercial world? According to Valerie Gauthier, associate dean at HEC Paris, the key lies in the process by which MBA programmes recruit their students. At the moment candidates are selected on a fairly narrow set of criteria such as prior academic and career performance, and analytical and problem solving abilities. This is then coupled to a school's picture of what a diverse class should look like, with the result that passport, ethnic origin and sex can all become influencing factors. But schools rarely dig down to find out what really makes an applicant succeed, to create a class which also contains diversity of attitude and approach – arguably the only diversity that, in a business context, really matters. Professor Gauthier believes schools should not just be selecting candidates from traditional sectors such as banking, consultancy and industry. They should also be seeking individuals who have backgrounds in areas such as political science, the creative arts, history or philosophy, which will allow them to put business decisions into a wider context. Indeed, there does seem to be a demand for the more rounded leaders such diversity might create. A study by Mannaz, a leadership development company, suggests that, while the bully-boy chief executive of old may not have been eradicated completely, there is a definite shift in emphasis towards less tough styles of management – at least in America and Europe. Perhaps most significant, according to Mannaz, is the increasing interest large companies have in more collaborative management models, such as those prevalent in Scandinavia, which seek to integrate the hard and soft aspects of leadership and encourage delegated responsibility and accountability. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 57. What characterises the business school student population of today? A) Greater diversity. C) Exceptional diligence. B) Intellectual maturity. D) Higher ambition. 58. What is the author's concern about current business school education? A) It will arouse students' unrealistic expectations. 1056289742 12/11/2011 B) It will produce business leaders of a uniform style. C) It focuses on theory rather than on practical skills. D) It stresses competition rather than cooperation. 59. What aspect of diversity does Valerie Gauthier think is most important? A) Age and educational background. C) Attitude and approach to business. B) Social and professional experience. D) Ethnic origin and gender. 60. What applicants does the author think MBA programmes should consider recruiting? A) Applicants with prior experience in business companies. B) Applicants with sound knowledge in math and statistics. C) Applicants from outside the traditional sectors. D) Applicants from less developed regions and areas. 61. What does Mannaz say about the current management style? A) It is eradicating the tough aspects of management. B) It encourages male and female executives to work side by side. C) It adopts the bully-boy chief executive model. D) It is shifting towards more collaborative models. Part V Cloze (15 minutes) Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。 Organised volunteering and work experience has long been a vital companion to university degree courses. Usually it is left to __62__ to deduce the potential from a list of extracurricular 1056289742 12/11/2011 adventures on a graduate's resume, __63__ now the University of Bristol has launched an award to formalise the achievements of students who __64__ time to activities outside their courses. Bristol PLuS aims to boost students in an increasingly __65__ job market by helping them acquire work and life skills alongside __66__ qualifications. "Our students are a pretty active bunch, but we found that they didn't __67__ appreciate the value of what they did __68__ the lecture hall," says Jeff Goodman, director of careers and employability at the university. "Employers are much more __69__ than they used to be. They used to look for __70__ and saw it as part of their job to extract the value of an applicant's skills. Now they want students to be able to explain why those skills are __71__ to the job." Students who sign __72__ for the award will be expected to complete 50 hours of work experience or __73__ work, attend four workshops on employ-ability skills, take part in an intensive skills-related activity __74__, crucially, write a summary of the skills they have gained. __75__ efforts will gain an Outstanding Achievement Award. Those who __76__ best on the sports field can take the Sporting PLuS Award which fosters employer-friendly sports accomplishments. The experience does not have to be __77__ organised. "We're not just interested in easily identifiable skills," says Goodman. " __78__ , one student took the lead in dealing with a difficult landlord and so __79__ negotiation skills. We try to make the experience relevant to individual lives." Goodman hopes the __80__ will enable active students to fill in any gaps in their experience and encourage their less-active __81__ to take up activities outside their academic area of work. 62. A) advisors B) specialists C) critics D) employers 63. A) which B) but C) unless D) since 64. A) divide B) devote C) deliver D) donate 65. A) harmonious B) competitive C) resourceful D) prosperous 66. A) artistic B) technical C) academic D) interactive 67. A) dominantly B) earnestly C) necessarily D) gracefully 68. A) outside B) along C) over D) through 69. A) generous B) considerate C) enlightening D) demanding 70. A) origin B) initial C) popularity D) potential 71. A) relevant B) responsive C) reluctant D) respective 1056289742 12/11/2011 72. A) out B) off C) away D) up 73. A) casual B) elective C) domestic D) voluntary 74. A) or B) thus C) so D) and 75. A) Occasional B) Exceptional C) Informative D) Relative 76. A) perform B) convey C) circulate D) formulate 77. A) roughly B) randomly C) formally D) fortunately 78. A) For instance B) In essence C) In contrast D) Of course 79. A) demonstrated B) determined C) operated D) involved 80. A) device B) section C) scheme D) distraction 81. A) attendants B) agents C) members D) peers Part VI Translation (5 minutes) Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答，只需写出译文部分。 82. Even though they were already late, they ____________________ (宁愿停下来欣赏美丽的 景色) than just go on. 83. No agreement was reached in the discussion between the two parties, as ____________________ (任何一方都不肯放弃自己的立场). 84. The pills ____________________ (本来可以治愈那位癌症病人的), but he didn't follow the doctor's advice and take them regularly. 85. It is ____________________ (你真好，给了我那么多帮助); I really feel obliged to you. 86. The war left the family scattered all over the world, and it was thirty years ____________________ (他们才得以重聚). 2011年6月六级真题答案 Part I Writing 1056289742 12/11/2011 标准版 My opinion on certificate craze The growing tendency among college students to get all kinds of certificates has now evolved into a craze. Just randomly ask a student what he or she is busily engaged in doing, quite possibly, you would get the answer that he or she is preparing for a certificate of some kind. So, why's the craze? The reason behind this phenomenon is common — the enormous pressure of finding a job. Faced with a harsh job market, most students have no choice but to seek more certificates to parlay their qualifications. Another factor is that diploma and certificates still weighs heavily in terms of signifying one's ability. For the sake of increasing their odds of landing a better job, the students are compelled to run from one exam to another. Though I have an open mind toward the craze on certificates, I suggest that students should be more rational when it comes to certificates, since they do not necessarily tell their ability. Instead, they should be more involved in learning and capability boosting, thus, opportunities would come quite naturally. 文章点评: 这是一篇“中等偏上”的学生作文。 本文先对学生的考证热进行简介，引出全篇;接着 分析这一现象背后的原因;整体看思路清晰，逻辑严密，行文流畅，句式多变，用语较为地 道。 本篇亮点表达: The growing tendency … has now evolved into… be busily engaged in doing The reason behind… harsh job market have no choice but to… parlay their qualifications sth. weighs heavily in terms of… increasing one's odds of… be involved in doing … be compelled to do… have an open mind toward… capability boosting 本文有待提高之处: 1. 文章结构上，能看得出该同学试图采用议论文的“三段式”(提出问题、分析问题、 解决问题)。逻辑严谨，论证严密;句式表达灵活，用语较为地道。 2. 微观语言点方面，有个主谓一致的方面的错误(diploma and certificates still weighs heavily);有些语句稍显啰嗦，比quite possibly, you would get the answer that… 大可简化成you'd most likely be told that… 更好，意思没有丝毫减损，表达力 反而增强许多;另外某些用语多重复，比如job多次出现;为了避免此类现象，文中的the enormous pressure of finding a job 不妨改为 the enormous pressure of getting employed。 从整体看，本篇文章不错，值得参考借鉴，不过用于方面还有待提高。 1056289742 12/11/2011 高分版 Certificate craze Recently the phenomenon of certificate craze has become a big concern of the public. It is also a new craze in the university, which seems like a routine activity on campus, for certificates do play a vital role when students look for a decent job. Admittedly, there are different purposes behind this phenomenon. Some people aim at certificates because of the employment pressure. With the admission expansion of colleges, a great many graduates have to face the fierce competition in the job market. So it is the certificates that can make them more competitive. However, some others consider all the diploma and certificates important standards by which a person's ability can be measured. They spare no effort to get the certificates for the sole purpose of proving that they are qualified in a certain field. Moreover, there are those who just want to enrich their life by preparing for the certificates because they really enjoy their progress. From my point of view, we should be more rational when it comes to certificates, since certificates do not necessarily prove one's ability. Being crazy in getting certifications blindly is nothing but wasting time. To conclude, we should focus on improving our ability but not merely getting a certificate. 文章点评: 本次六级作文探讨的是考生比较熟悉的话题——高校考证书热;本次试题延续了以往的 考试风格，关注点仍然放在与学生息息相关的话题上;从选题角度来说，考生还是比较好把 握的。需要注意的是由于第二部分可能需要列出多点原因，考生在该部分需要注意论述的条 理性;此外，在保证句法通顺的前提下，尽可能做到表达的多样化。 首先，在考生拿到题目的时候，应该先认真审题，心里大致对接下来文章的安排有一个 底。提起证书热的话，很多考生都会联想到就业压力，学校给予的压力以及学生自身的需求; 因此，全文可做如下安排; 第一段，考生可以整体阐述一下该话题，陈述下目前存在的考证热现象; 第二段，考生可以对考证热背后存在的各种各样的目的进行拓展;比如说由于日益严重 的就业压力，以及有的学校时不时给学生灌输的压力;或者是学生自身从身边感受到的一些 压力，都可能导致考证热的产生。 第三段要求考生对于该现象给出自己的理解，考生应在这里持一种客观的态度。因为考 证本身并不是一种错误，但是考生应当注意从题目“考证热”出发，重点放在“热”字上，对这 一现象做出最理性的评述。 综合来讲，本篇文章观点明确，思路清晰;在第二段给出的例证具有代表性;此外，文 章中有用到不少的亮点词汇;唯一比较遗憾的是，由于时间和篇幅的限制，论证的展开还未 完全挖掘出来，但在如此有限的条件下，可以称得上佳作了。 外教版 The job market today is increasingly sophisticated, requiring workers to have specialized knowledge in their fields. As a result, becoming certified is a trend among today's job seeking youth. More and more people, students especially, look at obtaining certification as a means to getting a better job and, 1056289742 12/11/2011 therefore, enjoying brighter future. There are as many certificates as there are fields of study. Lawyers will take the LSAT, business majors will take the GMAT to further their study in the US, and those who study a foreign language, like English, might take the TOEFL, TOEIC, or any number of English certification exams. Is this necessary? Or, is the “certification craze” just a trend that will eventually pass? I myself have obtained two different certifications: one in Japanese (N2) and another in teaching English as a foreign language (TEFL). Both of these certifications have been beneficial in getting good jobs. Therefore, it is my opinion that, trend or not, the results of becoming certified are real and can be invaluable in opening up future opportunities. 文章点评: 1. 逻辑结构上，本文大体也是按照“提出问题(考证热的现象)”“分析问题(背后的动 力)”和“解决问题(个人的观点)”的结构展开。 2. 本文的亮点非常多，用语非常地道，用英语思维催动出来的英语文章，才是真正的 极品。相比用中式思维催动出来的英语文章，这篇文章是很美味的，强烈建议大家背诵下来。 大家记得《天龙八部》吗,鸠摩智用小无相功催动出的招式是敌不过藏经阁里的扫地和尚的。 总之，我们大可不必刻意使用难词难句，其实表意明确，用语地道的文章，就肯定可以拿到 高分。 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) 1. B. The low graduation rates of minority students 2. D. its increased enrollment of minority students 3. B. The rising generation will be less well educated than the previous one. 4. C. Fifiteen percent 5. B. they recruit the best students 6. A. Universities are to blame. 7. B. They cannot afford the high tuition. 8. that they are less qualified 9. some preparatory cources 10. be closed Part III Listening Comprehension Section A 11. M: I left 20 pages here to copy. Here is the receipt. W: I'm sorry, sir. But we're a little behind. Could you come back in a few minutes? Q: What does the woman mean? 答案:C. She has not got the man's copies ready. 12. W: I hope you're not too put out with me for the delay. I have to stop by friends' home to pick up a book on my way here. M: Well, that's not a big deal. But you might at least phone if you know you're going to keep someone waiting. Q: What do we learn about the woman from the conversation? 答案:B. She was late for the appointment. 1056289742 12/11/2011 13. W: Mark is the best candidate for chairman of the student union, isn't he? M: Well, that guy won't be able to win the election unless he gets some majority vote from women students. And I'm not sure about that. Q: What does the man mean? 答案:C. It won't be easy for Mark to win the election. 14. M: Sorry to have kept you waiting, Madam. I've located your luggage.It was left behind in Paris and won't arrive until later this evening. W: Oh, I can't believe this. Have it deliver to my hotel then , I guess. Q: What happened to the woman's luggage? 答案:A. It failed to arrive at its destination in time. 15. W: I don't think we have enough information for our presentation, but we have to give it tomorrow. There doesn't seem to be much we can do about it. M: Yeah, at this point we 'll have to make do with what we've got. Q: What does the man suggest they do? 答案:A. Just make use of whatever information is available. 16. M: I am taking this great course-Psychology of Language, it's really interesting. Since you are a psychology major, you should sign up for it. W: Actually I tried to do that, but they told me I have to take language studies first. Q: What do we learn from the conversation? 答案:D. The woman isn't qualified to take the course the man mentioned. 17. W: Can you believe the way Larry was talking to his roommate? No wonder they don't get along. M: Well, maybe Larry was just reacting to something his roommate said. There are two sides to every story you know. Q: What does the man imply about Larry and his roommate? 答案:A. They are both to blame. 18. M: We don't have the resources to stop those people from buying us out unless a miracle happens. This may be the end of us. W: I still have hope we can get help from the bank. After all we don't need that much money. Q: What do we learn about the speakers from the conversation? 答案:A. They are in desperate need of financial assistance. 19. Why does the man say we laughed when we see some self-important people making fool of themselves? 答案:C)We derive some humorous satisfaction from their misfortune. 20. Why do some people joke about those who are fat or handicapped according to the man? 答案:B) They don't know how to cope with the situation 21. Why do many people find it funny to see someone throwing a custard pie on their boss's face? 1056289742 12/11/2011 答案:A) They themselves would like to do it but don't dare to. 22. Why do the man say she would drop cups of tea at people occasionally? 答案:C) To relieve her feelings. Conversation Two Questions 23-25 are based on the conversation you have just heard 23. What is Sanjay Kumar suspected of? 答案:D) Bringing a handgun into Hong Kong 24. What do we know about Alfred Foster? 答案:D) He is suspected of having slipped something into Kumar's bag 25. What does Sanjay Kumar ask the woman to do finally? 答案:B) Find Alfred Foster. Section B Passage One Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard. 26. According to the speaker, why are some people willing to spend their money on travel these days? 答案:B)They think travel gives them their money's worth. 27. What is Tselana Travel planning to do, according to its founder? 答案:D) Launch a new program of adventure trips. 28. According to Ashley Toft, managing director of Explore, what is changing now with regard to travels? 答案:B) The way people travel. Passage Two Questions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard. 29. What is the speaker mainly talking about? 答案:B) The changing roles played by men and women. 30. What might women do at office meetings nowadays according to the speaker? 答案:A) Offer more creative and practical ideas than men. 31. Why did the speaker mow the lawn herself that morning? 答案:C) To show that women are capable of doing what men do. Passage Three Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard. 32. What is Florence Hayes' main responsibility as a journalist? 答案:B: Reporting criminal offenses in Grennville. 33. What does the speaker say about security in Greenville? 答案:D: It has fewer violent crimes than big cities. 34. What do we learn about crimes against property in the Greenville area? 答案:A: There are a wide range of cases. 35. What would Florence Hayes prefer to do? 答案:A. Write about something pleasant. Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth) Section A Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage. 1056289742 12/11/2011 47. what is in your boss' mind 48. challenging our boss's authority 49. possible consequences 50. be proposed and reviewed 51. confrontations Section B Passage One Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage. 52. What can we learn from the first paragraph? 答案:D. The general public thinks differently from most economists on the impact of immigration. 53. In what way does the author think ordinary Americans benefit from immigration? 答案:B. They can get consumer goods at lower prices. 54. Why do native low-skilled workers suffer most from illegal immigration? 答案:C. They have a harder time getting a job with decent pay. 55. What is the chief concern of native high-skilled, better-educated employees about the inflow of immigrants? 答案:D. It may place a great strain on the state budget. 56. What is the irony about the debate over immigration? 答案:C. People are making too big a fuss about something of small impact. Passage Two Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage. 57. What characterises the business school student population of today? 答案:A. Greater diversity. 58. What is the author's concern about current business school education? 答案:B. It will produce business leaders of a uniform style. 59. What aspect of diversity does Valerie Gauthier think is most important? 答案:C. Attitude and approach to business. 60. What applicants does the author think MBA programmers should consider recruiting? 答案:C. Applicants from outside the traditional sectors. 61. What does Mannaz say about the current management style? 答案:D. It is shifting towards more collaborative models. Part V Cloze 62 employers 63 but 64 devote 65competitive 66 academic 67 necessarily 68 outside 69 demanding 70 potential 1056289742 12/11/2011 71 relevant 72 up 73 voluntary 74 and 75 Exceptional 76 perform 77 formally 78 For instance 79 demonstrated 80 scheme 81 peers Part VI Translation 82. Even though they were already late, they would rather stop for the beautiful view(宁愿停下来欣赏美丽的景色) than just go on. 83. No agreement was reached in the discussion between the two parties, as either side refuses to soften their positions (任何一方都不肯放弃自己的立场) 84. The pills could have cured the cancer patient (本来可以治愈那位癌症病人 的), but he didn't follow the doctor's advice and take them regularly. 85. It is really kind of you to give me so much help(你真好，给了我那么多帮 助);I really feel obliged to you. 86. The war left the family scattered all over the world, and it was thirty years before they were able to reunite(他们才得以重聚) 1056289742 12/11/2011