2009年暑假雅思争7精品班写作课堂讲义

2009年暑假雅思争7精品班写作课堂讲义 雅思精品班写作讲义 IELTS Copyright Reserved Brief introduction to tasks 1 and 2 Academic General Training Task 1 Time: Words: Task 2 Time: Words: Testing criteria Task 1 Task 2 Interpreting graphs/charts/tables/processes Writing a well-structured argument and other graphic information (A) 1. 1. 2. 2. 3. Engaging in personal correspondence (G) Presenting a clear point of view 1. 1. 2. 2. 3. Organizing information 1. 2. Writing accurately 1. 2. 3. 4. 1 雅思精品班写作讲义 IELTS Copyright Reserved IELTSTask 1 , Terms of charts , Paragraphing , Openings of Task 1 1. 2. 1. The graph(s) and chart(s) and table(s) , based on …(调查研究), illustrate/display/unfolds a clear picture of …(主要内容) in …（地方/方面） between … and …（时间） 2. As is reflected/revealed/shown/illustrated in the graphs, the number/percentages of …surged/subsided/fluctuated/differed dramatically/gently + 时间 Patterns Examples In + 月份/年/年代 In 1980s In the period between … and … For/during + 时间段 During the first/second half of the year Over the period … to … During the remainder of the year Over a ten year period/ over a decade Throughout the 19th century From…to…/between…and… From 1980 onwards till… At the end of the year/century Until… Before/after/around/about , Endings of Task 1: 1. 2. 3. 4. 2 雅思精品班写作讲义 IELTS Copyright Reserved 60 50 40 30studying goal 20 10 0interest friend 通过这张图上单位和数据的分析，我们发现百分比之和大于100%。可以在最后一段写道 What is worth mentioning is that since the overall percentages exceeded 100%, it can be indicated that some adults chose several reasons for study. 表格题中有一些在中间一下子出现的数据，可在结尾段点出它的hidden characteristic. 如 Nuclear power did not make its debut until 1997. Opening , This bar chart displays the number of men and women enrolled in future education in Britain during three periods. , It is immediately apparent from the diagram that in 1970 the professions in Malaysia were almost totally dominated by men. , As is revealed in the diagram, the number of hours per week spent on unpaid work is unequally distributed between men and women. , A glance at four indicators of economic and social conditions in four countries, Canada, Japan, Peru and Netherlands, in 2001 reflects the great differences that exist between wealthier and poorer nations. Ending , From the diagram it can be safely concluded that_________. , As a whole/In general/To sum up/In conclusion/In summary/In a nutshell, the data suggest that_______. , What is worth mentioning is that____/noun. Example: , From the diagram it can be safely concluded that in the years 1978~1987 Florida developed much more rapidly than the United States as a whole. 3 雅思精品班写作讲义 IELTS Copyright Reserved , In general, the data suggest that the increased presence of women in the paid work force has yet to lead to an increased role for men in the home. , What is worth mentioning is that nuclear power didn?t make its debut until 1998. , Body: Registered marriage in Scotland, 1960-1995 10 8 6thousands4 marriage, in2Registered0 12345678 Year 1. In 1960 there were about nine thousand marriages in Scotland, in 1970 there were about three thousand marriages, in 1980 there were two thousand five hundred marriages. 2. The number of marriages in Scotland fell very sharply between 1960 and 1970, and continued to decline until around 1985 though at a slower rate. From 1985 to 1990 there was a gradual increase in the number of marriage which leveled off in 1984. , + 1. 非谓语形式：reaching a peak at…and bottoming out at …/followed by 2. 数字： People spent the majority on living necessities, 18% on food and 16% on housing. 3. 两者以上单列： The remaining expenditure was paid for luxury goods such as wines and tobacco, which accounted for 4% and 2% respectively 4. 比较： The individuals should be responsible for the majority of the education costs compared with one quarter share taken up by taxpayers. 5. 介宾结构： Trinidad, with the majority of the country?s 900,000 inhabitants, is a rectangle of roughly fifty by forty miles; Tobago, nineteen miles to the north, is smaller and has a population of about 35,000. 4 雅思精品班写作讲义 IELTS Copyright Reserved , 3 principles 1． Objectivity a) Do?s and don?ts 2． Carefulness a) 1 minute for plan 3． Accuracy a) _____________ b) _____________ c) _____________ 1990 2000 三种描述方式请选择： 1. It fluctuated from 1990 to 2000. 2. It fluctuated from before 1990 to after 2000. 3. It fluctuated from approximately 1988 to nearly 2002 , Trend INCREASE DECREASE STABILIZATION Funk increase decrease stay— word stable/steady/ Rise Fall constant/the Grow drop same Climb decline Soar slump Medium stabilize word remain plane lessen mount stay unvarying escalate Ebb keep balanced curtail boost even out Swell shrink 5 雅思精品班写作讲义 IELTS Copyright Reserved surge subside reach a Favorabl plateau e rocket plumme word t level off/out accrue abate Leap Dip FLUCTUATION Phrase Illustration It fluctuated 用于任意两个无特征性数字 1. from…to…/during…and… 用于两个差值为十、百、千的整数 2. within a (large/small) range of… 第一种方法的复杂版，通过表示伴随状 3. …, reaching a peak at (statistics) in 况的从句揭示最高最低点 (year) and bottoming out at (statistics) in (year) 此句为小作文的必备句，每次都会用到 4. 2+3 1950 1980 Canadian Consumer?s Expenditure , Extent Words Illustration Sample sentence 程度大,considerably 斜率大dramatically 于1 sharply=steeply tremendously rapidly substantially 6 雅思精品班写作讲义 IELTS Copyright Reserved 程度小，Slightly It rises gently=There is a 斜率小gently gentle increase in the number 于1 slowly of … steadily 三根或以上曲线中程度最小 subtly 程度中moderately It rises moderately=There is a 等，接近in moderation medium growth in the number 于1 medium(adj.) of…=The number of…is in moderation. 比较地 B线须说成It rises comparatively A B comparatively gently, 区别于relatively A线It rises sharply. 平滑地 gradually A A: It rises gradually regularly B: It rises gently continuously B progressively smoothly 大约地 About少用 Some almost around well nigh roughly nearly approximately 分别地 Respectively The numbers of students in UK and Japan are 2100 and 2155 respectively 相应地 correspondingly A B: It leveled off initially and surged correspondingly.表示proportionately B 某部分的变化趋势与另外一根 一样。 均匀地 对于这样的曲线确实很难讲清Evenly 楚，但是我们发现曲线的起点 和终点较接近，可说成It rises and falls evenly.表示不管怎么 7 雅思精品班写作讲义 IELTS Copyright Reserved 变化，涨幅和跌幅相同 , Phrase 摸高 探底 平均值 大起大落 起落同幅 reach a peak bottom out average out rise and fall surge and subside reach a summit hit a trough at sharply evenly Amount Amount/quantity + Eg. The amount of production Quantity Number Number + Eg. The number of cars Figure While the number of internet users was 2.6 million in 1990, this figure has more than doubled in the last two years. Rate birth ~/unemployment ~ + increase Level the ~ of expenditure + rise Proportion the ~ of A to B increase Percentage the ~ of women in workforce Length, distance, volume, size, area, weight, height, frequency, duration , Increase n. a) There was a (表程度形容词) increase of 东西 from 数字1 to 数字2 + 时间 b) 时间saw/witnessed a (表程度形容词) increase of 东西 from 数字1 to 数字2 c) Something saw/witnessed a (表程度形容词) increase of 数字 + 时间 , , Exceed：数字/东西 , Outweigh：重量/价值上超过 , Surpass（抽象）优于、大于 , 比较级 , Outnumber: 数目超过 , / , The number of … doubled when it entered 2000. 8 雅思精品班写作讲义 IELTS Copyright Reserved , A was twice/3 times as much as B between 1990 and 1996 , The number of users increased fivefold. , The number of … multiplied (several times) over the past 5 years. , A shrank by 3 times at the turn of the century. , The time spent with family almost halved compared with 10 years ago. , The amount of … declined to the original one tenth in 2000. , Pie Chart 1. Types 2. 1 pie , Classification , Ranking , “占”的表达法 , Be The number of the unemployed was 10% of the population. , Make up Women made up a significant percentage of the workforce. , Amount to Paper and cardboard amounted to 21% of the total household waste. , Account for Fossil fuel emissions accounted for the majority of the greenhouse gases. , Something be shared by/be in the charge of/be due to , Somebody cover/take up/occupy/be responsible for … , , Percentage , Transition , 并列 As to / as for/ with regard to/with respect to…/Turning to/regarding… , 递进 In addition, the forecast is for water supply to continue to increase in the next three years. , 比较与对照 The charts show about a third of the male population was arrested in 1994, while only 9% of the female population was arrested. 9 雅思精品班写作讲义 IELTS Copyright Reserved On the other hand, an energy gap that continues to widen is forecast, beginning in the late 1990s. , 类比 Similarly, the number of West Indian immigrants increased more moderately between 1940 and 1960 , 举例 Typically, they will sleep from 10 p.m. and be awoken at 1 a.m. to comfort their babies for a couple of hours. , 趣味式说明 Interestingly, when there are 3 or more children in the household, men are found to work even fewer hours around the house than before the appearance of the third child. 3. 2 pies with the same topic How people in Euroope spent leisure time in 1980s 6%Others32%Going to restaurant23% Talking with familymembers Talking with friends Watching TV18%21% How people in Europe spent leisure time in 1990s Others2%8% 7%27%Going to restaurant Talking with family members Talking with friends 26% Watching TV 30%Playing PC games 10 雅思精品班写作讲义 IELTS Copyright Reserved Table Types 1. ______________ 2. ______________ Visits abroad by UK residents by purposes of visits 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 Holiday 15,246 14,898 17,896 19,703 20,700 Business 3,155 3,188 3,249 3,639 3,957 Visits to friends and 2,689 2,628 2,774 3,051 1,181 relatives Other reasons 982 896 1,030 1,054 990 Total 22,072 21,610 26,949 27,447 28,828 , Extreme The general trend of the net sales surged comparatively dramatically, reaching a peak at 100,943 in 2000 and bottoming out at 63,386 in 1996. , Range Engineering expenses witnessed a gentle surge within a range of approximately 800. , Average The number of income taxes surged and subsided evenly, averaging out at nearly 1, 300. , Similarity This is the case with the trend/statistics of cost of sales. 3. 2 tables of the same topic The table tells us the national medical cost (‘000 in pounds) for over-60s and kids under 5 in Britain and India during different periods. Britain Year 1970 Year 1980 Year 1990 Year 2000 Over-60s 190 1040 8500 15478 Kids under 5 98 450 3700 8780 Total 217 1490 12200 24258 11 雅思精品班写作讲义 IELTS Copyright Reserved India Year 1970 Year 1980 Year 1990 Year 2000 Over-60s 33 29 958 6755 Kids under 5 18 25 490 3870 Total 51 54 1448 10625 Bar Chart Types 1. 年份+单根柱： 2. 东西+单根柱： 3. 年份+两根柱： 4. 年份/东西+多根柱： Line Chart , Accuracy and Suitability of the description of trends , 3 methods of general classification , Physical Classification , Situational Classification , Comparative Classification Task 1 (G) , Types of Letter 1. Complaint 2. Enquiry 3. Request 4. Apology 5. Acknowledgement 6. Suggestion 7. Job application 8. Recommendation 9. Self-introduction 10. Invitation 12 雅思精品班写作讲义 IELTS Copyright Reserved , Format of a letter Dear Sir or Madam: ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- (Regards) Closure Signature Regards Closure Best wishes Yours sincerely, Best regards Yours truly, With lots of love Yours faithfully, Take care Cordially yours, , Complaint –++ 1. I am writing to complain about…/that… 2. I am writing to express my dissatisfaction with somebody about something 3. I am most reluctant to complain, but… 4. I feel sorry to trouble you but I am afraid I have to make a complaint about… Examples: I am writing to complain about the service on the Beijing-Shanghai train which I took on August 16, 2001. I am writing to express my dissatisfaction about the Walkman I bought at the duty-free shop in your airport on February 14, 2005. , End of a complaint letter 1. I would be grateful / I shall appreciate it very much if you could take the matter into consideration and solve it at your earliest convenience. 2. I would like to have this matter settled by the end of…/ within 14 days. Sample: 13 雅思精品班写作讲义 IELTS Copyright Reserved Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing to inform you that I wish to move into a new room next term. I would prefer a single room, as I find the present sharing arrangement inconvenient. I must explain that the reason for my dissatisfaction is my roommate?s inconsiderate behavior. For one thing, his friends are constantly visiting him; for another, he regularly holds noisy parties. In addition, he sometimes borrows my things without asking me. In these circumstances, I find it difficult to concentrate on my students, and I am falling behind in my assignments. I am sure you will agree that the only solution is for me to move into a room of my own, where I will be free from such distractions. Therefore, I would be grateful if you could find a single room for me, preferably not in the same building but as near to the college campus as possible. Yours sincerely, Janice Kennedy , Enquiry –++++ 1. I am writing for information about… 2. I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information regarding… 3. I would be most grateful if you could supply me with the following information. , End of an Enquiry letter 1. Thank you for your consideration 2. I am expecting your early reply. 3. I am looking forward to your immediate response. 4. In addition, if you could let me have details of … I would be more than grateful. Sample Dear Sir, 14 雅思精品班写作讲义 IELTS Copyright Reserved I am organizing a group of students to pay a visit to the historical exhibition in your town. This visit will be part of our school?s activities to encourage the students to take part in social surveys. Therefore, I would be grateful if you could supply me with the following information. First of all, what are the dates between which the exhibition will be held, and what are the daily opening hours? Secondly, what is the size of the exhibition, what is its theme and what objects are on display? Thirdly, are there any other activities being held in connection with the exhibition? I must point out that I hope to bring over students to the exhibition. So I would like to inquire if there is any discount available on entrance tickets for students. If so, how much is the discount and what is the minimum number of students necessary to qualify for it? I look forward to your reply. Yours sincerely, George Moore , Apology –++ / 1. I am writing to apologize for … 2. I am terribly sorry, but… 3. Thank you for …, but I am sorry to say that… , End of an apology letter 1. I hope you can accept my apologies. Please allow me to say sorry again. 2. Once again, I am sorry for any inconvenience caused. 3. I would be very grateful if you could tell me if there is any way that I can make up for it. I do apologize for any inconvenience this may cause you. Sample Dear Mary, I am very much looking forward to your visit to my city. Just think: after all these years of 15 雅思精品班写作讲义 IELTS Copyright Reserved writing to each other, we will finally have the chance to meet! However, I regret to inform you that I will not be able to meet you at the airport as soon as you arrive. The reason is that your flight will arrive early in the morning, and the quickest I can get to the airport will be about an hour after you land. Please wait for me in the arrival lounge. You should be able to have breakfast there while you wait. By the way, as we have never met I must tell you how to recognize me: I am medium height and have a small mustache. In addition, I will be carrying a copy of the morning newspaper tucked under my left arm. Looking forward to out first meeting. Yours sincerely, Harry , Invitation –+5W+ 1. I am writing to invite you to … 2. I would like to see your presence at … 3. I am sending you this invitation to … and I sincerely hope you can be part of it. 4. I am wondering if you could come to my birthday party in my new house this Saturday evening. , End of an invitation letter 1. My family and I would feel honored if you could come. 2. We would be looking forward to your participation in the party. 3. Would you please drop me a line to let me know if you can come? I really hope you can make it. • RSVP (repondez s?il vous plait) (before April 1) Sample Dear Susan, I will hold a dinner party at my house on June 23, 2000(Saturday) to celebrate my father?s being awarded the Pulitzer Prize for journalism this year. As you are a close friend of our 16 雅思精品班写作讲义 IELTS Copyright Reserved family, my parents and I would very much like you to participate in the celebration and share our joy. The occasion will star at five o?clock in the afternoon, with the showing of the documentary film of the 1999 Kosovo war produced by my father, which secured the prize for him. This will be followed by a dinner party. At around eight o?clock, we will hold a small musical soiree, at which a band will perform some works by Bach and Strauss. If you do not have any prior appointment on June 23, my family and I look forward to the pleasure of your company. Cordially yours, Jessica Louis RSVP before June 19 , Gratitude–++ 1. I am writing to extend/convey my heart-felt thanks/sincere appreciation/gratitude to you for… , End of a thank-you letter 1. I must thank you again for your generous help / kind assistance. 2. Please accept my gratitude, now and always. 3. My true gratitude is beyond words. Thank you again. 4. If you need any help to …, please let me know. I shall appreciate it very much if you can give me a chance to return your kindness. , Request –++ 1. I am writing to request to do something 2. I am writing in the hope that … , End of a request letter 1. By the way, if you think it is possible …, I would like to …. I am sorry for the inconvenience this may cause you. 17 雅思精品班写作讲义 IELTS Copyright Reserved 2. I am looking forward to your reply. , Suggestion–+2~3 1. I got to know from … that …. I am writing to give you some advice about it. 2. I am writing in response to … to suggest ways in which … , End of a suggestion letter 1. I would appreciate … and will be more than happy to expand on any of the comments I have made here. 2. I wish you a nice stay here. , Application –+2~3 1. I am writing to apply for the position of … you advertised in … on … 2. I am writing to express my interest in your recently advertised position for … , End of an application letter 1. All these give me enough confidence to say that I am the right person for the position. I shall appreciate it very much if you could give my application its due attention. 2. I am looking forward to your favorable reply. , Recommendation–++ 1. I have learned from your advertisement … that you are looking for …. I am writing to you to recommend … 2. As…, I earnestly recommend … for the position that you advertised … , End of a recommendation letter 1. Therefore, I do not hesitate to recommend … as an ideal candidate for the post. I am sure you will make a wise decision in hiring her. 18 雅思精品班写作讲义 IELTS Copyright Reserved IELTSTask 2 1. Criteria Band 5 _______________ Band 6 _______________ Band 7 _______________ Band 8 _______________ Eg. 1 There is an increasing number of juvenile delinquency. Analyze its causes and give some solutions. Version A: ______________________________________________________________ Version B: ______________________________________________________________ Eg. 2 Thesis: There is a growing tendency that some people claim students should be encouraged to assess and criticize their teachers. Meanwhile others insist that this would lead to a loss of respect and discipline in the school. Personally, I am convinced that teachers are still the major educator to instruct knowledge and their status shouldn?t be challenged. Supporting ideas: 1. Teachers can import rather than cram knowledge into students? minds. 2. Teachers also can be a bridge between you and your problems. 3. Other than a lecturer and a tutor, a teacher is always a facilitator who encourages and enlightens students as a beacon. 2. POWER P____________________ O____________________ W____________________ E ____________________ R ____________________ 19 雅思精品班写作讲义 IELTS Copyright Reserved 3. Brainstorming 4. Branching 5. Logical lines a) ___________________ b) ___________________ c) ___________________ , With the fast pace of globalization, the whole world has become a global village with combination of different cultures. What are the reasons for losing a variety of languages and cultures? Think of some solution to alleviate the problem. Reasons: , Since globalization is inevitable and undeniable, it is bound to lead to popularity of some predominant cultures and languages due to convenience in global communication and business or cultural exchange, which deteriorates the remaining minor ones, some of which are doomed to aftermaths of dying out. , With the burgeoning of Very Important Powers, emigrants, attracted by the comparative advantages such as the sound social security system and benefits, have been swarming into these „dreamland of fantasy?. Be confronted with the dilemma of cultural shock, they are not hesitated to discard and betray their native cultures and even languages, which brings disaster to the minor languages or cultures due to subjective deterioration. Recommendation: , We can remind the world of the versatility, mental edification, spiritual abundance of these minor languages and cultures by popular media such as music, artifact or cultural heritage in the museums, thus letting the world realize the importance of them and the past will be past for ever. , Some people think that machine translation is highly developed in today’s society. Therefore it is not necessary for children to learn a foreign language. What’s your opinion? Disagree: , Rely on machine translation will lead to students? deteriorating creativity, flexibility and self-motivation by counting on the machine to do homework or assignment for them. , Becoming bilingual is a way of life. Learning a second language is more than grammar and semantics. It is a learning of culture, which in most cases will be lost in 20 雅思精品班写作讲义 IELTS Copyright Reserved the machine translation. , During the interaction between teaching and learning, teachers would further encourage students to have original ideas, gain a deeper understanding of their lessons and learn the art of disagreeing. They would have better communication with each other, and thus the quality of education as a whole would be greatly improved. , In many countries, people don’t wear their national costume. Many people think it will forget their history and tradition. So people should be encouraged to wear national costume every day. Do you agree or disagree? Disagree: , In my view, whether to wear traditional clothes or not is not a very critical matter, and personal taste should be respected. , As long as the clothes keep us warm and comfortable, we have the right to choose whatever clothes we like. Clothes might be a part of our traditional culture and history, but we certainly need not be over-sensitive to new things. , In addition, we needn?t associate costumes with our passion for motherland and cultural heritage, which can be illustrated in many different aspects. , Broad topics for practice 1. Career development 2. Infrastructure 3. Abstract 4. Media 5. Science and technology 6. Maslow?s theory 7. Hobby 8. Ethic 9. Globalization 10. Comparison and contrast 21 雅思精品班写作讲义 IELTS Copyright Reserved 6. 6 types Type Question Structure Important points Argumentative Discursive Opinion Agree or disagree Problem + causes + solutions Advantages + disadvantages ， Figure out the type of the following rubrics: 1. Scientific and technological advances are very important in our society. Scientists are not able to give solutions to all the problems they have created. 2. International tourism is the biggest industry in the world. Unfortunately, it creates tension rather than understanding between people from different cultures. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 3. Some people think that old buildings should be destroyed and make room for new ones. Is it important to preserve them? Should they stand in the way of the progress of new buildings? Give your own opinion. 4. Motorized flight is the greatest invention in the modern world. No other invention has had a more significant impact on our lives. Do you agree or disagree? 5. In most parts of the world, the volume of traffic is growing at an alarming rate. Discuss the main traffic problems in your country, their causes and possible solutions. 6. With the increasing popularity of computers and calculators, student literacy is decreasing dramatically. What are the positive and negative effects the progress of science and technology has brought about? 7. Structure of a thesis 22 雅思精品班写作讲义 IELTS Copyright Reserved Beginning—introduction a) Background—topic b) Transition—specific topic c) Point of view Body—supporting ideas: d) Topic sentence e) Supporting ideas f) Sub-conclusion / Transitional sentence Ending—conclusion g) Repetition h) Recommend future actions i) Concession Eg. As far as I can tell, television has few benefits for children. While I agree that there are some good educational programs these days, far too much advertising is targeted at children and this makes television viewing very undesirable. j) Proverb or Maxim What I have lived for Bertrand Russell Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a great ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair. I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy - ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness--that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what--at last--I have found. 23 雅思精品班写作讲义 IELTS Copyright Reserved With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know why the stars shine. And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flux. A little of this, but not much, I have achieved. Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always pity brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate this evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer. This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me. 8. Outline 9. Openings and endings Opening: • 1. It is a fact of life that… 2. It has been widely noted that… 3. There is a growing tendency nowadays for some people to … 4. …has been brought to spotlight recently. • 1. This raises serious doubts about… 2. Some maintain…, whereas others are convinced that… 3. Diverse contributing factors can be identified, among which, A, B and C are predominant. • 1. Here I will discuss the issue in the following. 2. Personally, I am convinced that… 3. I share the latter point of view for the following reasons. • In that A, B and C • As a result of A, B and C 4. Here I will discuss the pros and cons of the issue. 24 雅思精品班写作讲义 IELTS Copyright Reserved 5. On the one hand, it brings us benefits in A and B; while on the other hand, its dangers lie in C and D. Opening: , The progression of science and technology is inevitable and undeniable. What is under controversy is whether scientists are capable of managing the difficulties and uncertainties of science. To be frank, I am in high favour of the possibility of their disability in getting them over. , There is much discussion nowadays as to whether or not the relationship between family members is as close as before. Diverse contributing factors can be identified. In the following, I would like to present my point of view. , It is a fact of life that the development of science and technology has been accompanied by a decline in traditional culture. In my opinion, this is not necessarily a bad thing, because some aspects of traditional culture hamper progress and should be abandoned. Moreover, it is natural that people should want to find new ways of doing things. , It is an undeniable fact that scientific and technological developments bring great benefits to people. Especially since the Industrial Revolution took place, our lives have been made much more convenient by inventions such as trains, airplanes and computers. But I think that the loss of traditional culture is too high a price to pay for this. , The international aid provides help. Some people think it is no use to spend a lot of money on it. I don’t agree with this question. , A criticism often heard these days is that the subjects taught in schools tend to be too academic, and contribute little to preparing a young person for the real-life tasks he or she will have to perform after graduation. They say that academic subjects are rooted in the past, and are not useful for solving modern problems. I disagree with this point of view for three reasons. 25 雅思精品班写作讲义 IELTS Copyright Reserved , It has been widely noted that, with the popularity of computers and calculators both in the classroom and in the room, the level of literacy and mathematical ability of students is deteriorating. This raises serious doubts about the value of the progress of science and technology. Here I will discuss the pros and cons of this question. , There is dispute over when the task of the shaping of a person?s character, or natural disposition, is fulfilled. Some maintain that it is concluded in one?s childhood, whereas others are confident that it is accomplished when one has completed one?s school studies or has had one year of working experience. For my part, I share the latter point of view, and I will give two major reasons why this is so: , There is a growing tendency nowadays for some people to treat animals as living meat and walking fur. This leads to the cruel slaughter of animals all over the world every year. Yet, in my opinion, instead of killing animals, human being should treat them as their friends. , The economic and social gaps between the developed countries and the developing countries are becoming wider and wider in the past decades. It is frequently debated in the international forums whether the wealthy countries should give financial help to the developing countries. In my personal opinion, the former not only ought to provide, but also should increase the aid to the latter. Ending , All in all, there are so many problems existing for scientists to get over that they by no means can manage them all temporarily. However, human beings will come to a new era through solving the problems one after another. , Therefore, for the above reasons, I think highly of the effects of science and technology, the development of which is welcome. At the same time, they have eliminated the bad parts of traditional culture while preserving the good parts. , Since there are many different kinds of music in the world, we should adhere to one Chinese proverb, “Let all the flowers blossom”. So when you feel the hope is gone, look inside your heart. Then you will feel the hero lies in you, which is the music. 26 雅思精品班写作讲义 IELTS Copyright Reserved , In a word, in modern society overwork is stealing our leisure time. However, I believe this problem will be settled eventually with the development of science and development. , We can conclude that the progress of science and technology has both positive and negative effects. What we must do is make sure that the positive ones are encouraged and the negative ones are eliminated as far as possible. Among other things, this means that students are warned not to let computers and calculators do all their work for them. , To sum up, the reasons for the rise of the juvenile delinquency rate are many. I have simply pointed out some of the more obvious ones. Nevertheless, it is certain that if the whole of society pays more attention to the sound growth of teenagers and the other youngsters, the juvenile crime rate in urban areas will undoubtedly be rapidly brought down and controlled. , Fast food started out as an expedient to cater for those who can?t afford the time to cook or the expense of traditional food. Now it has become part of our life. Like it or not, it is here to stay. On the other hand, traditional food is an inalienable part of our culture, which we can’t afford to give up. So, all in all, the co-existence of the two kinds of foods only makes our life more colorful. , Of course, nuclear power, like other scientific developments, may cause some problems. But I believe that, with careful regulation and control, the advantages will far outweigh the disadvantages. , From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that both public schools and private ones are necessary to train young people for our country?s development and construction. , Weighing the pros and cons of the double-edged sword, I’m inclined to agree with the latter point of view, as the latter plays an important role in both children?s knowledge acquisition and personality development. 27 雅思精品班写作讲义 IELTS Copyright Reserved , It is inevitable that technology will progress and become increasingly complex. We should, however, ensure that we are still in a position where we are able to control technology. It will be all easy to suddenly discover that technology is controlling us. By then it might be too late. I believe that it is very important to be suspicious of the benefits that computers will bring and to make sure that we never become totally dependent on a completely technological world. 10. Writing skills a) b) c) Because, for, since, as … So … Depend/rely on Account for/ be responsible for Contribute to /lead to / result in Bring about/cause/engender/give rise to/induce/mean/trigger Be ascribed to/be attributed to Evolve from/come from As a result, thus, hence, therefore, consequently According to/due to/lie in/Be based on/be guided by/In the sense of/through d) 11. Sentences a) Complex sentences i. www.shnosbbs.com--雅思写作--漂亮句子DIY ii. 7合一 1. A student acquires knowledge mainly from the textbook and in class. 2. When he graduates from school he can do nothing. 3. Everything is different from what teachers told them. 4. He may be disappointed. 5. He may be frustrated. 6. He may be afraid to face the real world. 7. Our universities have turned out people of no use. 12. Wording a) Expression 28