2003上海海洋大学_研究生_学位英语考试真题

真题练习第二套 2003-1 Part I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (25 minutes, 20 points) Section A ( 1 point each) 1. A. The hero was out of his mind. B. The hero was a thing, not a human being. C. The hero overcame many difficulties. D. The hero was really great. 2. A. Tom wants to travel by air. B. Tom wants to become a pilot. C. Tom is greatly interested in power. D. Tom can seize a chance in time. 3. A. The government should help those youngsters. B. The government should take the place of those youngsters. C. The government should encourage those youngsters. D. The government should place restrictions on those youngsters. 4. A. Because they had the same interests. B. Because they got along very well. C. Because both of them were sociable. D. Because both of them were humorous. 5. A. She likes tiding horses. B. She has been promoted once a year. C. She won the second place in a contest. D. She is very excited. 6. A. She doesn't think the manager is at home. B. She doesn't know the manager's home phone number. C. She doesn't think highly of the manager. D. She doesn't know the manager at all. 7. A. She is not satisfied with her life. B. She isolates herself from the outside world. C. She can find a peaceful life only in her dreams. D. She can't be at peace with others. 8. A. A boss and an employee. B. A hotel manager and a customer. C. A landlady and a tenant. D. A plumber and an apartment owner. 9. A. A conformist. B. A renowned person. C. A fighter. D.A problem person. Section B ( 1 point each) 10. A. The materials used for building reservoirs. B. The causes of water pollution. C. The storage of drinking water. D. The chemicals used to purify water. 11. A. Rock and soil B. Concrete and bricks. C. Pine and redwood trees. D. Stones and steel rods. 12. A. People in many parts of the world have to store rainwater for drinking. B. The mixture of rock and soil can be used as the bottom of a water tank. C. Chemicals cannot be used to keep the wooden tanks from being ruined. D. Small water plants may help clean the storage water. 13. A. More than 1700. B. More than 1600. C. More than 700. D. More than 660. 14. A. When a heat wave lasts for several days. B. When the total amount of heat in a day is very great. C. When the heat wave is strengthened by the sun. D. When the night temperature in a heat wave does not drop much. 15. A. Stay at home and avoid going to work. B. Try to eat more vegetables and fruits. C. Wear light-colored and comfortable clothes. D. Use air conditioners and other cooling devices Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a short passage. At the end of the passage you will hear five questions (Questions 16-20). Both the passage and the questions will be read twice and will not be written out for you. There will be a 40-second-pause after each question during which time you are asked to write down your answer on the Answer Sheet using either complete or incomplete sentences. PART II VOCABULARY (10 minutes, 10 points ) Section A (0.5 point each ) 21. The hypothesis that language determines thought, suggested by Sapir and Whorf, is well known to linguists. A. synthesis B. conviction C. fallacy D. proposition 22. Some comets reappear into sight after an elapse of as long as sixty years. A. disappearance B. interval C. passage D. eclipse 23. To stay in shape, many middle-aged women have taken to working out in their spare time. A. dieting B. overworking C. exercising D. wandering 24. Mandela, former president of South Africa, has distinguished himself by fighting racial segregation. A. separation B. discrimination C. unification D. opposition 25. Victims of motion-sickness suffer from a sensation of cold when riding in a fine car. A. sentiment B. feeling C. sensitivity D. emotion 26. There are various hierarchies of structures inside a linguistic system. For example, sentences consist of phrases that can be segmented into individual words. A. criteria B. organizations C. levels D. standards 27. To maintain social order, the government has to inflict punishments on law-breakers. A. impose B. compose C. dispose D. expose 28. Seeing the darkening sky, she quickened her steps and made for the nearest subway station. A. ran into B. headed for C. searched for D. passed by 29. It stands to reason to say that a girl takes after her father while a son his mother. A. looks after B. cares for C. learns from D. looks like 30. Computers are playing an unprecedented role in the development of modem technology. A. unguided B. unrelieved C. unexampled D. unexpected Section B (0.5point each) 31. Social relations are developed when people ______ each other at work or in business. A. fall back on B. count on C. interact with D. cope with 32. Construction of tall buildings is forbidden around here to _____ further expansion of the airport. A. account for B. fall for C. take for D. allow for 33. The ability to see things in _______ requires profound knowledge and impartial judgment. A. prospect B. perspective C. respect D. suspect 34. Successful development of inexpensive drugs for AIDS has much ________ for thousands of HIV patients. A. influence B. complication C. specification D. implication 35. Senior citizens, especially those above 70, are ________ to some privileges in many countries. A. enforced B. engaged C. entitled D. enabled 36. Project Hope has succeeded in preventing school pupils from ________ in poverty-stricken areas. A. leaving out B. dropping out C. setting out D. looking out 37. Vocabulary treatment in this dictionary is clear and readable, sufficiently detailed and admirably ______. A. complicated B. primitive C. promising D. current 38. Thanks to statesmen of great _______, China is well on her way to becoming a world power. A. vision B. sight C. view D. spectacle 39. Good biographies can help _________ the barriers of time so that what happened to Abraham Lincoln becomes "now" as long as you read about him. A. break up B. break out C. break into D. break down 40. The importance of _________can never be neglected when it comes to fulfilling one's military missions. A. popularity B. peculiarity C. punctuality D. potentiality Part III CLOZE TEST (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each) The song of crickets (蟋蟀) captures the attention of millions of people worldwide. How does this small creature sing and for what purpose? Interestingly, among the approximately 2,400 41 of crickets, only the males sing, or chirp. 42 doing so from their throats, male crickets make music with their wings. One expert explains that male crickets chirp by rubbing part of one forewing along 43 about 50 to 250 teeth on the opposite forewing. The frequency of the chirps depends on the number of teeth 44 per second. The vibrations fill the air with the distinctive song of the cricket. But surely the male cricket does not sing simply to 45 his human listeners! No, indeed! The intended audience of this musician is a 46 mate. The book Exploring the Secrets of Nature explains: "In his quest for a mate, the male cricket, a skilled 47 , sings three different songs: one to advertise his presence, another to court and the other to threaten unwanted competitors." Some crickets continue to sing to advertise their presence 48 a female cricket shows interest. Hearing the song through the "ears" on her forelegs, the female is not 49 to carry on a long-distance courtship. As she approaches the 50 of the chirping, the male cricket will begin to sing a continuous trill (颤音), the courtship song. This attracts the female to him, and the two crickets mate. 41. A. series B. species C. system D. session 42. A. As for B. Due to C. Based on D. Rather than 43. A. a group of B. a flock of C. a row of D. a bunch of 44. A. struck B. strike C. stroked D. stroke 45. A. abuse B. accuse C. annoy D. amuse 46. A. special B. potential C. initial D. critical 47. A. companion B. communicator C. conductor D. commander 48. A. as long as B. because C. until D. in case 49. A. content B. controversial C. convenient D. conscious 50. A. presentation B. representation C. resource D. Source PART IV READLNG COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each) Passage One About four years ago, Kerry, Sturgill found herself at a career crossroads: Should she stay in an industry, populated by extroverts (外向型的人) or jump ship to a more reflective place where introverts like her were in the majority? Career counselors had told her to get out of the highly extroverted public relations fields "so you can be happy and do what you are." Among the less fast-paced areas they pointed to: art, scientific research, data analysis. Such a move is definitely the right road for many introverts struggling to fit into an extroverted workplace. So, just what is an introvert anyway? It's someone who is energized by thought and reflection, while extroverts are energized by socializing. Introverts naturally need to think before they speak. Extroverts use the speaking process to figure out what it is they want to say. And, needless to say, there are pluses and minuses to both personality types. Still, in the modern world where as many as two-thirds of the population may be extroverted, those who are the opposite can be misunderstood. They can be seen as antisocial, secretive, even territorial, because they can sometimes try to protect their "space" and quiet. Workplaces can actually benefit from having both types, says Deborah Barrett, program director of the Rice University MBA communications program. An introvert herself, she says she has the best of both worlds--working in an environment of professors, who tend towards introversion, yet getting to teach, which calls on her more "out there" skills. Here's her advice for those looking to follow the same path: Make good use of e-mail. If you don't get to make a point at a loud meeting, send a follow-up e-mail sharing your thoughts. If you don't have an office and are easily distracted by ongoing small talk, consider listening to music through headphones. But take care not to make your more sociable neighbors feel rejected. Sure, she says, if she had moved to a less stimulating environment, that might have "short-circuited a lot of my pain, but I also believe it would have short-circuited learning what's made me a much more well-rounded person." Her main lesson? "I don't have to be an extrovert. I just have to play at being one for an hour." 51. According to the career counselors, _______________. A. introverts should try to avoid working in a highly extroverted environment B. introverts should try to change themselves to fit into an extroverted working environment C. extroverts should work in less fast-paced areas such as art and scientific research D. introverts can be happier if they can find jobs in the field of public relations 52. Which of the following statements is true? A. People with introverted personality have some disadvantages in finding jobs. B. People with introverted personality, have some advantages in working with others. C. Both introverted and extroverted people have merits and demerits. D. Most workplaces need more extroverted people than introverted ones. 53. According to the author, introverts are sometimes misunderstood because they are _________. A. antisocial B. reserved C. aggressive D. queer 54. Deborah Barrett believes that teaching is a practice of __________. A. reflection B. introversion C. energizing D. socializing 55. By "short-circuited a lot of my pain"(in the last paragraph). Deborah Barrette means _________. A. ruined a lot of her happiness B. saved her a lot of trouble C. relieved her of a heavy burden D. added to her sufferings 56. We can learn from Deborah Barrett's case that introverted people ____________. A. should not share offices with extroverted ones B. are easily irritated by small talk C. like to communicate with others via e-mails D. are reluctant to express their ideas in public Passage Two Last week 29 earnest American high school students were invited to an evening of receiving good words, small talk, warm toasts and fancy silverware. "Find out something about the person sitting next to you," advised former US Secretary of State Madeleine Albright. "Eventually, you'll discover they always have something interesting to say. And you should always use the proper silverware in the proper order." Albright was the guest of honor at the imitated Official Dinner, which was a lot like a real official dinner in Washington minus the soft money. The evening was sponsored by the St. Albans School of Public Services to introduce its first class to the fine art of social survival. More than 84 guests, including students, teachers, school donors and speakers, gathered to replicate the lifestyle of the rich and political. The idea was to teach the social graces that will help students survive any social situation. Anyway, the whole proper fork thing is overrated. Former White House official C. Boyden Gray shared his top tips for surviving dinner parties: "Drink as little as possible until you get to dinner." "Don't be the first person there or the last person to leave." "Try to get more out of your dinner partners than they get out of you." Every Official Dinner has a greater reason for being. State dinners, for example, are either an opportunity to reward emerging democracies or strengthen old friendships. The Official Dinner was intended to show the students an elegant evening in Washington --part of the four-week intensive summer program to encourage public service. The students are from 13 states and two foreign countries. The program includes classes on the presidency, the courts, the media and international affairs. The students also debated public policy issues. "They're still at it at 10 o'clock at night," said director Mary Waikart. "That's good practice for Washington, isn't it?" Since there was no band, Albright offered herself up as the night's entertainer. No singing, but stories about her life in diplomacy. "Being secretary of state is the best job in the world," she said. "Better than being president, because you don't have to deal with the elections." 57. Last week a group of high school students were invited to the dinner party _______________. A. to see the life style of the rich and political B. to discuss international and public policy issues C. to learn to survive in different social situations D. to learn to become the future leaders of the White House 58. According to Madeleine Albright, at an official dinner_________________. A. we should get more information about the host B. we should be sociable by talking with others C. table manners are not as important as conversing D. we should learn to entertain others by telling a story 59. The imitated Official Dinner is different from the real ones in that the former_________. A. was held without the participation of important persons B. could not get the financial support as easily as the real ones C. didn't have as many guests as the real ones D. had nothing to do with political and international issues 60. What does the underlined word "replicate" (in paragraph 5) mean? A. practice B. exercise C. imitate D. reconstruct 61. According to Boyden Gray, at dinner parties you should_____________. A. listen to others instead of talking too much B. drink no alcohol before you go C. arrive as early as possible D. leave after the parties are over 62. We can conclude from the passage that A. there are significant differences between the Official Dinner and other dinner parties B. American students like to participate in public services very much C. being a secretary of state is the best, even better than being a president D. the students who were invited to the dinner party were enthusiastic about the program Passage Three Predicting the future is risky business for a scientist. It is safe to say, however, that the global AIDS epidemic will get much worse before it gets any better. Sadly, this modem plague will be with us for several generations, despite major scientific advances. As of January 2000, the AIDS epidemic had claimed 15 million lives and left 40 million people living with a viral infection that slowly but relentlessly erodes the immune system. Accounting for more than 3 million deaths in the past year alone, the AIDS virus has become the deadliest microbe in the world. In Africa nearly a dozen countries have a rate higher than 10%, including four southern African nations in which a quarter of the people are infected. This is like condemning 16,000 people each day to a slow and miserable death. Fortunately, the AIDS story has not been all gloom and doom. Less than two years after AIDS was recognized, the guilty agent - human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV - was identified. We now "know more about HIV than about any other virus, and 14 AIDS drugs have been developed and licensed in the U.S. and Western Europe. The epidemic continues to rage, however, in South America, Eastern Europe and sub-Saharan Africa. By the year 2025, AIDS will be by far the major killer of young Africans, decreasing life expectancy to as low as 40 years in some countries and single-handedly erasing the public health gains of the past 50 years. It is Asia, with its huge population at risk, that will have the biggest impact on the global spread of AIDS. The magnitude of the incidence could range from 100 million to 1 billion, depending largely on what happens in India and China. Four million people have already become HIV-positive in India, and infection is likely to reach several percent in a population of I billion. Half a million Chinese are now infected; the path of China's epidemic, however, is less certain. An explosive AIDS epidemic in the U.S. is unlikely. Instead, HIV infection will continue to plague in about 0.5% of the population. But the complexion of the epidemic will change. New HIV infections will occur pr