EN 1679-1

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 1679-1:1998 The European Standard EN 1679-1:1998 has the status of a British Standard ICS 27.020 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Reciprocating internal combustion engines Ð Safety Ð Part 1: Compression ignition engines This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 June 1998  BSI 1998 ISBN 0 580 29703 9 BS EN 1679-1:1998 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Text affected National foreword This British Standard is the English language version of EN 1679-1:1998. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee MCE/14, RIC engines, which has the responsibility to: ± aid enquirers to understand the text; ± present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; ± monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled ªInternational Standards Correspondence Indexº, or by using the ªFindº facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 11 and a back cover. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comite EuropeÂen de Normalisation EuropaÈisches Komitee fuÈ r Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels  1998 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1679-1:1998 E EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 1679-1 NORME EUROPE ENNE EUROPAÈ ISCHE NORM February 1998 ICS 27.020 Descriptors: Internal combustion engines, reciprocating engines, diesel engines, safety, accident prevention, hazards, safety measures, control devices, safety devices, protection, marking English version Reciprocating internal combustion engines Ð Safety Ð Part 1: Compression ignition engines Moteurs alternatifs aÁ combustion interne Ð SeÂcurite РPartie 1: Moteurs aÁ allumage par compression Hubkolben-Verbrennungsmotoren Ð Sicherheit Ð Teil 1: Dieselmotoren This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 January 1998. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Page 2 EN 1679-1:1998  BSI 1998 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 270, Internal combustion engines, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 1998, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 1998. This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative annex ZA, which is an integral part of this standard. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Contents Page Foreword 2 0 Introduction 3 1 Scope 3 2 Normative references 3 3 Definitions 4 3.1 essential auxiliary 4 4 General 4 5 List of hazards 5 6 Safety requirements and/or measures 5 6.1 Starting systems 5 6.2 Normal stopping 5 6.3 Emergency stopping 5 6.3.1 Manually controlled 5 6.3.2 Automatically controlled 5 6.4 Controls 5 6.4.1 General 5 6.4.2 Identification 5 6.4.3 Accessibility 5 6.5 Monitoring devices 6 6.5.1 Instrument identification 6 Page 6.5.2 Instrument visibility 6 6.5.3 Instrument colour code 6 6.6 Warning devices 6 6.7 Guarding 6 6.7.1 Guarding against mechanical hazards 6 6.7.2 Guarding against hot surfaces 6 6.8 Guard design 6 6.9 Lighting 6 6.10 Handling 7 6.11 Fire protection 7 6.12 Protection against explosion 7 6.13 Pressure vessels 7 6.14 Hoses, pipes and electric harnesses 7 6.15 Electrical equipment 7 6.16 Operator platforms, walkways, and access systems 7 6.17 Access to service points 7 6.18 Noise 7 6.19 Exhaust emissions 8 6.19.1 General 8 6.19.2 Requirements for engines for underground use 8 6.20 Drainage 8 7 Operating and maintenance instructions 8 8 Special requirements 8 9 Marking 8 Annex A (normative) List of hazards 9 Annex B (informative) Bibliography 11 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship with EU Directives 11 Page 3 EN 1679-1:1998  BSI 1998 0 Introduction This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the Commission of the European Communities and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of the EC Machinery Directive (89/392/EEC) and the associated EFTA regulations. The extent to which hazards are covered is indicated in the scope of this standard. In addition, machinery shall comply as appropriate with EN 292-1:1991 and EN 292-2:1991 for hazards which are not covered by this standard. The requirements of this standard concern the designers, manufacturers, suppliers, importers and installers of reciprocating internal combustion engines. This standard also gives the information which the manufacturer shall provide to the user. 1 Scope This standard specifies the safety requirements for compression ignition engines and their essential auxiliaries used in all applications on land, underground and water, except engines used to propel road vehicles and aircraft. The special requirements needed to cover operation in potentially explosive atmospheres are not covered in this standard. The engine, in terms of this standard, is understood as the prime mover up to its driving extremitie(s) for power take off(s). The hazards relevant to compression ignition engines are identified in annex A. This standard specifies the special safety requirements for compression ignition engines based on the general requirements laid down in EN 292-1:1991 and EN 292-2:1991. This standard should be referred to in other standards wherever compression ignition engines are used. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN Standards prEN 286-1:1995, Simple unfired pressure vessels designed to contain air or nitrogen Ð Part 1: Design, manufacture and testing. EN 292-1:1991, Safety of machinery Ð Basic concepts, general principles for design Ð Part 1: Basic technology, methodology. EN 292-2:1991, Safety of machinery Ð Basic concepts, general principles for design Ð Part 2: Technical principles and specifications. EN 294:1992, Safety of machinery Ð Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached. EN 418:1992, Safety of machinery Ð Emergency stop equipment. EN 547-2:1996, Safety of machinery Ð Human body dimensions Ð Part 2: Principles for determining the dimensions required for access openings. EN 563:1994, Safety of machinery Ð Temperatures of touchable surfaces Ð Ergonomics data to establish temperature limit values for hot surfaces. prEN 811:1992, Safety of machinery Ð Safety distances to prevent danger zone being reached by the lower limbs. EN 953:1997, Safety of machinery Ð General requirements for the design and construction of guards (fixed, movable). EN 983:1996, Safety of machinery Ð Safety requirements for fluid power systems and componants Ð Pneumatics. prEN 1175-1:1993, Safety of industrial trucks Ð Electrical equipment Ð Part 1: Battery powered trucks. prEN 1175-2:1993, Safety of industrial trucks Ð Electrical equipment Ð Part 2: General requirements for IC engine powered trucks. prEN 1175-3:1993, Safety of industrial trucks Ð Electrical equipment Ð Part 3: Specific requirements for the electric power transmission systems of IC engine powered trucks prEN 1834-1:1995, Safety requirements for the design and construction of IC engines for use in potentially explosive atmospheres Ð Part 1: Group II engines for use in flammable gas and vapour atmospheres. prEN 1834-2:1996, Safety requirements for the design and construction of IC engines for use in potentially explosive atmospheres Ð Part 2: Group I engines for use in underground workings including mines susceptible to firedamp and/or combustible dust. prEN 1834-3:1996, Safety requirements for the design and construction of IC engines for use in potentially explosive atmospheres Ð Part 3: Group II engines for use in flammable dust atmospheres. EN ISO 8178-1:1996, Reciprocating internal combustion engines Ð Exhaust emission measurement Ð Part 1: Test bed measurement of gaseous and particulate emissions EN ISO 8178-2:1996, Reciprocating internal combustion engines Ð Exhaust emission measurement Ð Part 2: Measurement of gaseous and particulate emissions at site. EN ISO 8178-4:1996, Reciprocating internal combustion engines Ð Exhaust emission measurement Ð Part 4: Test cycles for different engine applications. Page 4 EN 1679-1:1998  BSI 1998 prEN ISO 8178-5:1995, Reciprocating internal combustion engines Ð Exhaust emission measurement Ð Part 5: Specification of test fuels. prEN ISO 8178-6:1995, Reciprocating internal combustion engines Ð Exhaust emission measurement Ð Part 6: Report on measurement results and test reports. EN ISO 11102-1:1997, R.I.C. engines Ð Crank handle starting equipment Ð Part 1: Safety requirements. EN ISO 11102-2:1997, R.I.C. engines Ð Crank handle starting equipment Ð Part 2: Method of testing the angle of disengagement. EN 23411:1988, Earth-moving machinery Ð Human physical dimensions of operators and minimum operator space envelope. prEN 61310-1:1995, Safety of machinery Ð Indicating, marking and actuating principles Ð Part 1: Visual, audible and tactile signals. prEN 61310-2:1994, Safety of machinery Ð Indicating, marking and actuating principles Ð Part 2: Marking principles. ISO Standards ISO 2261:1994, Reciprocating internal combustion engines Ð Hand operated control devices Ð Standard direction of motion. ISO 2710:1978, Reciprocating internal combustion engines Ð Vocabulary. ISO 2867:1994, Earth-moving machinery Ð Access systems. ISO 3046-1:1995, Reciprocating internal combustion engines Ð Performance Ð Part 1: Standard reference conditions and declarations of power, fuel consumption and lubricating oil consumption and test methods. ISO 6798:1996, Acoustics Ð Test code for the measurement of airborne noise emitted by reciprocating internal combustion engines Ð Engineering method and survey method ISO 6826:1997, Reciprocating internal combustion engines Ð Fire protection. ISO 7967-1:1987, Reciprocating internal combustion engines Ð Vocabulary of components and systems Ð Part 1: Structure and external covers. ISO 7967-2:1987, Reciprocating internal combustion engines Ð Vocabulary of components and systems Ð Part 2: Main running gear. ISO 7967-3:1987, Reciprocating internal combustion engines Ð Vocabulary of components and systems Ð Part 3: Valves, camshaft drive and actuating mechanisms. ISO 7967-4:1988, Reciprocating internal combustion engines Ð Vocabulary of components and systems Ð Part 4: Pressure charging and air/exhaust gas ducting systems. ISO 7967-8:1994, Reciprocating internal combustion engines Ð Vocabulary of components and systems Ð Part 8: Starting systems. ISO 7967-9:1996, Reciprocating internal combustion engines Ð Vocabulary of components and systems Ð Part 9: Control and monitoring systems. ISO 8178-7:1996, Reciprocating internal combustion engines Ð Exhaust emission measurement Ð Part 7: Engine family determination. ISO 8178-8:1996, Reciprocating internal combustion engines Ð Exhaust emission measurement Ð Part 8: Engine group determination. ISO 8999:1993, Reciprocating internal combustion engines Ð Graphic symbols. ISO/CD 14314:1996, Internal combustion engines Ð Recoil starting equipment ÐSafety requirements and tests. IEC Standards IEC 34-5:1983, Rotating electrical machines Ð Part 5: Degrees of protection by enclosures for rotating machinery. IEC 73:1991, Colours of indicator lights and push-buttons. IEC 331:1970, Fire-resisting characteristics of electric cables. IEC 332-2:1989, Tests on electric cables under fire condition Ð Part 2: Test on a single small vertical insulated copper wire or cable. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this Standard, definitions as specified in ISO 2710:1978, ISO 3046-1:1995, ISO 7967-1:1987, ISO 7967-2:1987, ISO 7967-3:1987, ISO 7967-4:1988, ISO 7967-8:1994 and ISO 7967-9:1996 and the following apply. 3.1 essential auxiliary item of equipment which is essential for the continued or repeated operation of the engine (e.g. engine driven fuel-feed pump, engine driven water pump). 4 General Since engines are only power sources and always part of a specific application, the desired degree of compliance with these safety requirements depends on the application and shall be subject to agreement between the engine manufacturer and the engine installer. In particular, when it is possible to deal with specific hazards either on the engine itself or on the complete application the installer shall be responsible for choosing the most appropriate solution. The engine manufacturer shall ensure that the equipment he is supplying meets the requirements laid down in this standard. The extent of these requirements depends on the engine installation. The safety requirements given in clause 6 apply to both, the engine manufacturer and the engine installer depending on the application. Page 5 EN 1679-1:1998  BSI 1998 5 List of hazards The hazards relevant to compression ignition engines that have to be considered in order to prevent personal injury are listed in annex A. 6 Safety requirements and/or measures 6.1 Starting systems Starting systems can be triggered manually or automatically. Electrical starting systems normally operate at voltages of 24 V or below and therefore do not present a hazard. Electrical starting systems above 24 V are not dealt with in this standard and the installer of the engine has to ensure safe operation after connecting the engine to the driven machinery. For engines with compressed air starting, the starting pneumatic system shall comply with the requirements of EN 983:1996. Crank handle starting systems shall meet the requirements specified in EN ISO 11102-1:1997 and EN ISO 11102-2:1997. Additionally the following requirements apply. Ð Starting handles shall have sufficient clearance from the mounting surfaces to ensure safe turning. Ð Diesel engines with a manual starter shall have a decompression facility which does not require to be hand-held during cranking. The only permissible hand starting systems are crank handle (as defined above) and recoil starting devices as described in ISO/CD 14314:1996. 6.2 Normal stopping All engines shall have a normal stopping device which can be manually or automatically controlled. This shall operate by cutting off the fuel supply. 6.3 Emergency stopping The installer and the engine manufacturer shall consider whether an emergency stopping system should be provided in order to avoid the engine getting into an unsafe mode of operation. Depending on the application, other means of stopping may be used such as a combustion air shut-off device. The emergency stopping system may be manually or automatically controlled. 6.3.1 Manually controlled Manually controlled emergency stopping systems shall meet the requirements of EN 418:1992, category 0. 6.3.2 Automatically controlled The engine installer shall consider whether an automatically controlled emergency stopping system shall be provided. The main signals that might be used to trigger an automatically controlled stopping system are: Ð overspeed; Ð low lubricating oil pressure; Ð high coolant temperature; Ð low coolant level. Which of these measures or other measures should be used depends on the application. 6.4 Controls 6.4.1 General Hand controls shall be designed to withstand 1,2 times the maximum actuating forces given in Table 1. Controls shall act positively and smoothly and without delay or unexpected action. ISO 2261:1994 should be used as a reference. The surface temperature of the controls that have to be manually actuated while the engine is running shall be within the limits specified in EN 563:1994 for a contact time of 10 s. Sharp edges or corners on, or adjacent to, manual controls shall be removed. Edges shall have a chamfer of at least 0,5 mm. 6.4.2 Identification Controls shall be identified according to the function they perform or their function must be explained in the operating manual. They shall be identified according to prEN 61310-2:1994. Colour coding shall be according to IEC 73:1991. The marking on the engine controls shall be legible throughout the engine life. Identification should preferably be by symbols according to ISO 8999:1993 or, if there are no suitable symbols, by words placed on the control or adjacent to it. Design, location and marking principles of prEN 61310-1:1992 shall be followed. Emergency shut-off control handles or buttons shall be prominently located and shaped as well as being coloured red, in order to be identified among the other controls. 6.4.3 Accessibility Controls should preferably be grouped together. Controls should be located within reach of the operator (see EN 23411:1988). Access shall be provided according to EN 547-2:1996. The spacing between controls shall be sufficient to allow operation without unintentional actuation of adjacent controls. The following minimum clearances between controls are recommended for the g