泛读Unit_1_Language_Testing

nullBook 4 Book 4 3. Course Plan3. Course Plan 2nd term: 热门阅读 1st term: 趣味阅读 训练阅读技巧、熟悉文章模式、拓宽知识范围 认识阅读本质、培养阅读兴趣、训练阅读技巧 4th term: 考试阅读 3rd term: 文学阅读 了解阅读题型、备战等级考试、超越等级水平 了解文学常识、阅读文学经典、增加文学素养4. Teaching Arrangement4. Teaching Arrangement时文阅读课文阅读理解专四辅导30分钟左右，专业四级阅读理解考试辅导。20分钟左右，每次安排2-3篇新闻阅读，并设计和组织相应的课堂活动。 60分钟左右，每次1篇，复述主要内容，回答相关问题，学习语言知识。课堂教学师生互动第四学期策略技巧讨论10分钟左右，理论讲解和问题讨论相结合，培养策略意识和加强阅读理解能力。Unit 1 Language TestingUnit 1 Language TestingText 1 Types of Test Text 1 Types of Test Teaching objective: 1) Practice two important fast reading skills: skimming and scanning 2) Know the classification of English tests and the division criteria. Pre-reading tasksPre-reading tasksWarm-up questions: What kinds of test do you know in English-speaking countries?Step 1Cultural Background Step 1Cultural Background Some common tests in English speaking countries TOEFL: TOEFL（Test of English as a Foreign Language） The TOEFL test is the most widely accepted English-language test in the world. No matter where you want to study, the TOEFL test can help get you there. TOEFL is accepted by more institutions than any other English-language test in the world — including the top colleges and universities. A list of 7,000+ institutions in 130 countries ,including almost every university in the U.S., UK, Australia, New Zealand and Canada, that rely on TOEFL scores for admissions, scholarship and graduation decisions. nullYou can take the Internet-based Test (iBT) or the Paper-based Test (PBT), depending on which format is offered at your test center. The TOEFL iBT measures how well you read, listen, speak and write in English and use these skills together in the university classroom. For example, you might read a passage or listen to a lecture, and then write or speak about what you learned.nullIELTS: IELTS：International English Language Testing System,中文 译为”雅思”.它是由University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate 、的 IDP Education Australia及The British Council 三家共同参与组织设计， 并由英国文化教育委员会（The British Council）负责在世界各地组织考试。nullIELTS is the world’s proven English test. Over 1.4 million candidates take the test each year to start their journeys into international education and employment. IELTS is recognised by more than 6000 institutions across 120 countries.null设在中国的英国大使馆文化教育处专门设有考试部，负责IELTS考试工作。 此项考试是为非英语国家的人士赴英联邦国家高等教育机构就读和进修必须通过的语言测试。现在大多的英联邦国家对本国申请技术移民的人士也 采用这项考试做为申请人英语能力达标的认证。 nullGRE: Graduate Record Examinations The GRE tests are your gateway to graduate programs, business schools and fellowships. GRE General Test scores are used to evaluate your readiness for graduate level work. nullGRE由美国教育考试服务处(Educational Testing Service，简称ETS)主办，1937年首次由美国哈佛，耶鲁，哥伦比亚，普林斯顿四所大学联合举办，初期由卡耐基基金会Carnegic Foundation承办，1948年交由新成立的教育测试中心ETS负责。之后每年在世界许多地方举行。中国国外考试协调处负责中国归口管理和承办GRE等国外考试。 GRE是美加大学各类研究生院(除管理类学院，法学院)要求申请者所必须具备的一个考试成绩，也是教授对申请者是否授予奖学金所依据的最重要的标准。 SATSATThe SAT Reasoning Test (formerly Scholastic Aptitude Test and Scholastic Assessment Test) is a standardized test for college admissions in the United States. The SAT is owned, published, and developed by the College Board, a non-profit organization in the United States. It was formerly developed, published, and scored by the Educational Testing Service which still administers the exam. The College Board claims the test can assess a student's readiness for college. The test was first introduced in 1901, and its name and scoring have changed several times.nullThe current SAT Reasoning Test, introduced in 2005, takes three hours and forty-five minutes. Possible scores range from 600 to 2400, combining test results from three 800-point sections (math, critical reading, and writing). http://sat.collegeboard.org/practice/sat-practice-questions null现阶段进行的SAT考试的形式是从2005年3月开始的。SAT考试总时长3小时45分钟。报名费用为：美国本土49美元，国际报名75美元（如果超过报名最后期限补报则需要加钱）。在SAT中，总分介于600到2400分之间，由批判性阅读（Critical Reading）、数学（Mathematics）和写作（Writing）三部分各800分加和而得。nullSAT考试总时长3小时45分钟（225分钟），共有批判性阅读（Critical Reading）、数学（Mathematics）和写作（Writing）三个科目。每一次的SAT考试分为10个区（Section），每次考试时，各个区的科目顺序都会改变。 SAT II SAT II －英语（English） 　　文学（Literature） 　　－历史（History） 　　美国历史（U.S. History） 　　世界历史（World History） 　　－数学（Math） 　　数学1（Math Level 1） 　　数学2（Math Level 2） －科学（Science） 　　生态生物学/分子生物学（Biology Ecology/ Molecular） 　　化学（Chemistry） 　　物理（Physics） －语言（Languages） 　有听力测试（Language with Listening） 　　中文（Chinese with Listening） 　　法语（French with Listening） 　　德语（German with Listening） 　　日语（Japanese with Listening） 　　韩语（Korean with Listening） 　　西班牙语（Spanish with Listening） 　仅笔试（Reading Only） 　　法语（French） 　　德语（German） 　　现代希伯来语（Modern Hebrew） 　　意大利语（Italian） 　　拉丁语（Latin） 　　西班牙语（Spanish） Step 2Step 2Students will be given another 3 minutes to skim and scan the text and answer the following questions:nullHow the tests are classified by the author of the text? What is the function of a placement test? What will a tester usually do after a placement test? What information about testees can be obtained through a placement test? What is the function of a diagnostic test?nullWhat information does a diagnostic test disclose? What teachers and students should do after they get the result of a diagnostic test? What is the major difference between a diagnostic test and an achievement test? Can you give an example of an achievement test? What is the function of a proficiency test? Why the division of tests into separate categories is rather arbitrary? What are the four types of test?What are the four types of test?Four types of test mentioned in the text 1. 分班测试 placement test (安置测试） 2. 诊断测试 diagnostic test 3. 成绩测试 achievement test,也叫学业测试 4. 水平测试 proficiency test What are they? Define the terms in your own words. 5. 潜能测试aptitude test （能力倾向）Step 3 Difficult and important pointsStep 3 Difficult and important pointssort…into: separate things of one type from things of other type. be concerned with: be interested in present standing: present state of learning or present level of competence overall picture of something: a general and comprehensive picture of something disclose/ revealnulldiagnostic/ diagnosis: to give somebody a diagnosis These tests can take the form of an extension of the lesson from a practice phrase into assessment phrase: These tests are usually administered teachers finish teaching a lesson and together with the practice phase they are actually the assessment phase of a lesson. remedial work: the work devised and done by teachers to help the students improve their command or mastery of particular points that have been taught in a lesson.null give a considerable lift to the students’ moral: give students great encouragement. The word moral is perhaps a misprinting of the word morale. the point at issue/ the point in question: at issue or in question are phrases which are used as qualifier, meaning “being dealt with”. The standard …and is external to the individual class or textbook: The standard will not be established basing on the condition of individual class or on individual textbook. In other words students are just measured against the existing standard instead of their individual class or textbook. be proficient in something or doing something: be skillful in or in doing somethingnull… because this type of test is concerned with the student’s current standing in relation to his future needs: because this type of test aims to measure whether the student’s language competence and performance is good enough so that he will be competent in his future job or academic career. what is written on the blackboard or projected: the material the teacher write on the blackboard or projected on the screen using an overhead projector while teaching. arbitrary: based on chance or personal opinion rather than facts or reasoning.Step 4 Topics for Discussion and ReflectionStep 4 Topics for Discussion and Reflection 1. What kinds of language tests have you taken? 2. What is the relation between language testing and language learning? TEM 4 CETExercise Exercise nullWhat is an idiom? What is the feature of idioms? 1) Structural stability 2) Semantic unitynull1) Semantic Unity Meaning of idiom cannot be deduced from its individual constituent. The various words which make up the idiom have lost their individual identity. Their meanings are not recognizable in the meaning of the whole idiom. 2) Structural Stability The structure of an idiom is frozen to such an extent that it allows for no change First, the constituent of idiom cannot be replaced. Secondly, the word order cannot be inverted or changed. Thirdly, the constituents of idiom cannot be deleted or added to, not even an article. Finally, many idioms are grammatically unanalysable.nullDifferentiate the idioms related to HARD WORK 1 burn the midnight oil: 2 hit the books: 3 do back-breaking work 4 work like a dog: 5 fall down on the job:null6 work one’s fingers to the bone: 7 toil: 8 slave away: 9 workaholic:Idioms related to “Hard Work”Idioms related to “Hard Work”Burning the midnight oil Meaning To work late into the night. Originally this was by the light of an oil lamp or candle. More recently, the phrase is used figuratively Clearly, we no longer have much call for that word and it has fallen out of use. nullHit the Books: to prepare for classes by reading and doing all your assigned homework Study with concentrated effort, as in At exam time we all hit the books. [Slang; first half of 1900s] Do back-breaking workDo back-breaking workAlso, break one's neck. Make a great effort, work very hard. For example, “I've been breaking my back over this problem for the past week”, or Don't break your neck to get there; we'll wait for you. Both versions of this expression, polite equivalents of break one's ass, transfer the literal fracture of one's back or neck to figurative exertion.Work like a dogWork like a dog Also, work like a beaver or horse or Trojan. Work very energetically and hard, as in “She worked like a beaver to clean out all the closets”, or “I've been working like a dog weeding the garden”, or “He's very strong and works like a horse”. The first of these similes is the oldest, first recorded in 1741; the variants date from the second half of the 1800s.Fall down on the jobFall down on the jobto fail to do something that you should do. “The armed forces will take over if the local authorities fall down on the job.”Work one’s fingers to the boneWork one’s fingers to the boneAlso, work one's tail or butt off. Exert oneself, labor very hard, “She's working her fingers to the bone to support her children” “I work my tail off and then the government takes half my income in taxes. The first hyperbole, with its image of working the skin and flesh off one's fingers, dates from the mid-1800s; the less polite variants date from the first half of the 1900s.toiltoilverb To exert one's mental or physical powers, usually under difficulty and to the point of exhaustion To work hard, to labor with slow progress. I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat. — Winston Churchill (1874-1965)nullAnalogy: Definition: Graceful: Clumsy:: late: ________ Ask yourself: What is the relationship between graceful and clumsy. They are antonyms 1 work: labor _______ 2 Blue: sky _____3 Arm: Body ______ 4 Milk: Beverage ________ Puppy:Dog :: Kitten:_______nullChicago: Illinois::: Denever:Colorado Pound: kilogram :: quart: liter March: spring:: December: winter Blue: sky:: green grass Milk: beverage:: cupboard: furniturenullA C C B D D C A