both_either_neither_none区别

both neithereither none的用法 1、表示两者关系的both, either与neither 这3个词都用来谈论两者:both意为“(两者)都”,either意为“(两者中)任意一个”,neither意为“(两者)都不”。 若要指三者或三者以上,分别用all意为“(三者)都”,any意为“(三 者中)任何一个”,none意为“(三者)都不”等。 He has two sons.Both of them are clever. 他有两个儿子,都很聪明。 He has two sons. Either of them is clever. 他有两个儿子,哪个都很聪明。 He has two sons. Neither of them is clever. 他有两个儿子,两个都不聪明。 He has three sons. All of them are clever. 他有三个儿子,都很聪明。 He has three sons. Any of them is clever. 他有三个儿子,哪个都很聪明。 He has three sons. None of them are clever. 他有三个儿子,个个都不聪明。 2. 它们既可用作代词,也可用作形容词。用作形容词时,both 后接复数名词,而 either 和 neither 之后要接单数可数名词。如: 1).Both of the brothers are here. =Both brothers are here. 兄弟俩都在这儿。 2).Either of the books is OK. =Either book is OK. 两本书中哪一本都行。 3).Neither of the stories is interesting. =Neither story is interesting. 两个故事都没有趣。 代词both, either, neither 用作主语时,both 之后的谓语动词总是复数,either 和 neither 后的谓语动词通常用单数。 3. 这3个词都可用作连词,但搭配和意义各不相同。总的说来,要注意它们应 连接两个平行对等的句子成分(即同为两个主语、谓语、表语,宾语、状语等): (1)both…and…表示两者兼有。如: She was both tired and hungry. 她又累又饿。 He speaks both English and French. 他既说英语又说法语。 (2)either…or…表示两者或两种可能性中任择其一。意为"或者……或者……; 不是……就是……"之意。表示两者之一,连接句子中两个并列的成分。如: I will go on business either this week or next week. 我将在这星期或下星期出差。 You can either come by bus or take a taxi. 你可以坐公共汽车来,也可以乘出 租车来。 When the girl is happy, she either sings or dances. 那个女孩高兴时,不是唱就 是跳。(此句中either...or...连接两个动词,因为主语是单数第三人称,谓 语动词要用其相应的形式。) either...or...连接两个主语时,其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数 上保持一致,这就是我们通常说的"就近原则"。例如: Either you or I am going there tomorrow.明天要么你去那里,要么我去那里。注意:如果把上句变成一般疑问句,助动词形式与主语you保持一致,所以要 用are提问,而不是am。例如: Are either you or I going there tomorrow? 明天是你还是我去那里? Either you or he has lunch at school.其一般疑问句应为: Do either you or he have lunch at school? 是你还是他在学校吃午饭? (3)neither…nor…表示两者都否定(既不…,也不…)。如: Neither Simon nor Sally can swim. 西蒙和萨利都不会游泳。 He neither knows nor cares what happened. 他对发生的事情不闻不问。 She likes neither butter nor cheese.她既不喜欢黄油也不喜欢乳酪。此句中 neither...nor...连接两个宾语。 当neither...nor...连接两个主语时,也应遵循"就近原则"。例如: Neither dad nor mum is at home today. 今天父母都不在家。 注:以上连词连接主语时,both…and… 一般只与复数谓语连用,either…o r…和neither…nor… 则通常根据就近原则,要求谓语动词与最邻近主语的人称、数保持一致。如: Neither I nor she is at home. =Neither she nor I am at home. 我和她都不在家。 Either I or my brothers are coming. =Either my brothers nor I am coming.不是我父亲就是我兄弟要来。 (4)若要对either...or...句型进行否定时,只需把either...or...换成 neither...nor...即可。例如: Either you or she is good at drawing. 变为否定句应为: Neither you nor she is good at drawing. 你和她都不擅长绘画。 若将neither...nor...句型变为肯定句,只需把neither...nor...改为both...and... 即可,同时谓语动词必须用复数形式。例如: Neither dad nor mum is at home today. Both dad and mum are at home today. 今天父母都在家。 4. 注意下面两个同义句: 两边都有商店。 正:There are shops on both sides. 正:There are shops on either side. 两个我都不要。 正:I want neither of them. 正:I don’t want either of them 5. 表示“也”: neither或nor还有另外一种用法,就是当表达一个人没有做某事,另一个人也没做同一类事时,可用neither或nor进行简略回答,其结构为: Neither / Nor+助动词 / 情态动词 / be动词+主语。(倒装句)例如: He doesn't go to school by bike. Neither / Nor do I. 他不是骑自行车上学,我也不是。 They didn't go to the park yesterday. Neither / Nor did we.昨天他们没去公园,我们也没去。 either用在否定句的句末,表示"也"的意思。例如: If you don't go there. I won't, either. 如果你不去那里,我也不去。 Exercises: 根据所给汉语提示,完成下列句子: 1.我既对英语感兴趣又对汉语感兴趣。 I'm interested in _______ English ________ Chinese. 2.汤姆和玛丽都不知道该怎样做这个工作。 ________ Tom ________ Mary knows how to do the work. 3.这两条路你随便走哪一条都可以。 You may take ________ of the roads. 4.或者你去,或者我去。 ________ you________ I am going there. 5.这两本书对我来讲都没有用处。 ________ of the books is useful to me.