2007-2013自考英语语法试题及答案

2007-2013自考英语语法试题及答案 2007年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语语法 试卷 第一部分 选择题(共21分) 一、单项选择题(本大题共21小题，每小题1分，共21分) 在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其选出并将“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑。未 涂、错涂或多涂均无分。 1(The general sent out word that no one in the bunker ________ to bed until further orders. A(will go B(would go C(was about to go D(was to go (He ________ violin when I want to sleep. 2 A(always plays B(play always C(is always playing D(always is playing 3(James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he ________ until yesterday. A(will come B(was coming C(had been coming D(comes 4(I only called the police when I ________ everything else. A(tried B(was trying C(had tried D(had been trying 5(Mother wished I ________ you what she ________. A(didn’t tell; said B(didn’t tell; has said C(didn’t tell; had said D(hadn’t told; said 6(Jean Wagner’s most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that it ________ in a religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference. A(is to be analyzed B(were analyzed C(be analyzed D(should have been analyzed 7(The teacher said that Jane ________ work harder the following semester. A(have to B(had better C(had better to D(would rather to (The twins had been away for such a long time that many people in the village thought they ________. 8 A(ought to have died B(should have died C(must have died D(could have died 9(―I ________ go out today. If I do, I ________ in a storm. ‖ I said to myself when I heard the weatherman say there would be a heavy rain that day. A(had better not to; might have been caught B(had better; may be caught C(would not; might have been caught D(had better not; may be caught 10(I hope that it is possible to achieve this objective by calling on the smokers ________ good judgment and show concern for others rather than by regulation. A(to be using B(to have been using C(use D(to use 11(When ________ to tell the difference between British and American English, the linguist made a long and ________ speech. A(asked; tired B(asked; tiring C(asking; tiring D(be asked; tired 12(The money would have to be raised by ________ taxation. A(far B(farther C(farthest D(further 13(Their plane arrived ________ San Francisco this morning. A(from B(at C(to D(on 14(The delegation ________ Russia will visit London this afternoon. A(in B(from C(at D(for 15(Her mother can’t speak English ________ French, but is good at Japanese. A(yet B(or C(neither D(while 16(He became a successful actor ________ his father never was. A(who B(whom C(that D(when 17(The manager fulminated against his secretary, ________ surprised me. A(who B(whom C(that D(which 18(He graduated from college ________ his parents divorced. A(which B(before C(while D(that 19(She sat ________ the table in the restaurant. 1 A(in B(with C(from D(at 20(Young ________ he was, he managed to make a living on his own. A(although B(since C(though D(thus 21(________ you had been here, we wouldn’t have had so much trouble then. A(when B(if C(as D(since 第二部分 非选择题(共79分) 二、多项选择填充题(本大题共8小题，每小题2分，共16分) Fill in each of the blanks with one of the items given. 22(is, are, was, were, itself, himself, themselves The trade union ________ believed to regard ________ as an organization where the molested could seek advice and help. 23(is, are, was, were, will be, are going to be, have, has, had The beautiful ________ something that the innocent ________ not always able to appreciate fully. 24(preferred, prefers, is, are, was, were, will be, shall be During the holiday week, one-third of the students in our class ________ prepared to stay on campus for study while around ten percent of them ________ some more sleep at home. 25(is, are, has, have, having The average British family, which ________ smaller and richer than 50 years ago, ________ 3. 6 members. 26(were, was, had, propaganda, propagandas Large amounts of money ________ spent on ________. 27(than, as, more, most, the The ________ information that comes in, ________ more confused the picture becomes. (than, as, more, so, less 28 I’m not going out with a man who’s twice ________ old ________ me. 29(analysis, criteria, diabetes, gentry, pants, physics a. Singular only: ________________________________________ b. Plural only: __________________________________________ 三、填空题(本大题共16小题，每小题1分，共16分) Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate word or phrase. 30(Nobody in the class agrees with you, ________________? 31(Everyone is excited by the news, ________________? 32(Let’s not take John with us on our family outing this time, ________________? 33(John hardly speaks to anybody in the class, ________________? 34(She’s lost almost ________________ friend she had. 35(He lost ________________ parents when he was a child. 36(The noise of the party stopped me getting ________________ sleep. 37(When you were in London, did you visit ________________ Tower, too? 38(He said that he ____ (feed) up with college instructors who tried to teach him to use the ―scientific method‖. 39(It is surprising that this innocent-looking girl ________________ (commit) such a crime. 40(I appreciate ________ (give) the opportunity to study abroad three years ago. 41(I think his failure in the experiment resulted ________ his carelessness. 42(This car is very expensive. You have to pay half a million dollars ________ it. 43(With an appropriate conjunctive Last month I bought a watch. It is cheap, ________ it goes quite well. 44(With an appropriate relative pronoun My brother speaks English fluently, ________ I don’t. 45(He can not choose his own job, ________ can I. 四、改错题(本大题共11小题，每小题1分，共11分) 2 Correct one error in each of the following sentences. 46(I think you should go for school earlier today. 47(She said she was afraid at her father. 48(-―Which newspaper would you like? ‖ -―It doesn’t matter. Every one. ‖ 49(I spent the all of the summer at home. 50(The girl often heard to sing the same song at the same time in her room. 51(Being not helped by anybody, he is not likely to succeed. (Should we always follow the advice of our olders? 52 53(He stood there, his eyes closed and his hands in the pockets, looking half asleep. 54(I met another boyfriend of Lucy yesterday. 55(The project on that we have been working for five weeks is a great success. 56(Which she does is often at variance with what she says. 五、改句(本大题共13小题，每小题2分，共26分) Rewrite the following sentences as required. 57(Turning the following imperative into a tag question Don’t let the children eat a lot of sweets and ice creams. 58(Using a relative pronoun I am going to the airport to meet Mr Johnson. He is a close friend of mine. 59(Using a relative pronoun She is a lawyer. I know her. (Using an adjunct 60 Mary decided to stay in her London apartment. She was growing sick of city Life. 61(Using the passive voice Couldn’t we ask someone to take on the job privately without anyone knowing? 62(Using a modal verb Am I not right in supposing this is the one you want? 63(Using a nonfinite verb form At a very early stage, Paderewski revealed that he was a master of the keyboard. 64(Using an adjunct His child had gone to school. He could concentrate on his research work. 65(Using extraposition To see all the high school kids standing on one foot outside school property and puffing away furtively and defiantly on their cigarettes makes a disappointing view. 66(Using fronting He plunged into the tumultuous water in order to save the girls. 67(Rewriting B’s answer by using a cohesive device A: Is John trying to enter Harvard Law School? B: No, I don’t think John is trying to enter Harvard Law School. He hates lawyers. 68(Rewriting the second sentence by using a cohesive device My wife and I take a walk after supper this evening. In fact, we take a walk every evening. 69(Rewriting the second clause by using a cohesive device The limited seats should be given to old people and the younger people are advised to stand for a while. 六、名词解释(本大题共3小题，每小题2分，共6分) Define the following terms with examples. 70(Participles 3 71(What is ―fronting‖? 72(Define ―ellipsis‖ 七、简答题(本大题共2小题，每小题2分，共4分) Answer the following questions. 73(List at least 4 means of expressing future time. 74(What’s the difference between a simple verb phrase and a complex verb phrase? 2007年4月高教自考英语语法试卷参考答案 一、单项选择题:(本大题共21小题，每小题1分，共21分) 1.D 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.C 7.B 8.C 9.D 10.D 11.B 12.D 13.B 14.B 15.B 16.C 17.D 18.B 19.D 20.C 21.B 二、多项选择题:(本大题共8小题，每小题2分，共16分，多选、少选、错选均无分) 22. was , itself 23. is, are 24.were, preferred 25. is, has 26. were; propaganda 27. more; the 28.as, as 29.a . physics, diabetes, analysis b. pants, gentry, criteria 三、填空题:(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 30.do they 31. aren’t they/ isn’t he 32. shall we 33. does he 34. every 35.both/ his 36. any/ some 37. the 38.was fed 39. should have committed 40. having been given 41.from 42. for 43. but/ yet 44. which 45. neither/ nor 四、改错题:(本大题共8小题，每小题1分，共8分) 46. go to 47. was afraid of 48. Any/ Eitherone 49. 改: the whole of the summer// all summer 50. 改: was often heard 51. 改: Not being helped 52. 改: our elders 53. 改: his hands 54. 改: Lucy’s 55. 改: on which 56. 改: What she 五、改写句子题:(本大题共13小题，每小题2分，共26分) 57. Don’t let the children eat a lot of sweets and ice creams, will you? 58. I am going to the airport to meet Mr Johnson who is a close friend of mine. 59. She is a lawyer who/that/whom I know 60. Mary decided to stay in her London apartment though she was growing sick of city Life. 61. Couldn’t anyone be asked to take on the job privately without anyone knowing? 62. Will this be the one you want? 63. At a very early stage, Paderewski revealed himself to be a master of the keyboard. 64. As his child had gone to school, he could concentrate on his research work. 65. It makes a disappointing view to see all the high school kids standing on one foot outside school property and puffing away furtively and defiantly on their cigarettes 66. Into the tumultuous water, he plunged in order to save the girls. 67. A: Is John trying to enter Harvard Law School? B: No, I don’t think he is trying to enter Harvard Law School, for he hates lawyers. 4 68. My wife and I take a walk after supper this evening. In fact, we do it every evening. 69. The limited seats should be given to old people and the younger ones are advised to stand for a while. 六、名词解释题:(本大题共2小题，每小题2分，共4分) 70. Participles belong to non-finite verb. There are 2 kinds of them: -ing Participles and –ed Participles. 71. Fronting: remove an item from its unmarked postsubject position to the marked presubject position. As fronting moves an item into initial position which shouldn’t be there , and it disturbs the expected information flow and brings about unusualness./ It shift an item from the final position to the front. And it achieves the effect of parallelism and contrast. 72. Ellipsis : a kind of coherent devices leaves out the redundant/wordy part and do not provide a substitute. 七、简答题:(本大题共3小题，每小题2分，共6分) 73. future expressions: 1. will/ shall: 2. Be going to 3. be doing: plan 4. simple present: 5. will be doing: 6. be about to do: 7. be to do: 74. The simple verb phrase: a verb phrase goes without* auxiliaries (main verb & modifier + main verb) Eg: He likes music. Or : I often visited the park. The complex verb phrase: a verb phrase goes with* auxiliaries. Eg: I have finished the book. Or: We will go there. 5 全国自考2008年7月英语语法试题 课程代码:00831 一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) Choose the best answer from the choices given and put a letter A,B,C or D in the bracket. 1(I wish I _______ to repair the bike. I only made it worse.( ) A(did not try B(wouldn’t try C(had not rtied D(wouldn’t have tried 2. She earns a good salary, so the _______ be deep in debt.( ) A(can’t B(mustn’t C(may not D(needn’t 3. Larry is _______ liberal-minded of the two executives.( ) A(the more B(more C(the most D(most 4. John is eighteen and his brother is two years _______.( ) A(elder B(older C(young D(youngest 5. She bought a house _______ her parents.( ) A(at B(to C(in D(for 6. We had to sleep in our wet clothes, _______ was most uncomfortable.( ) A(it B(which C(and D(that 7. She cooks _______ that reminds me of her mother.( ) A(on the way B(by the way C(the way D(in a way 8. Pride and Prejudice _______ never failed to characterize the aristocracy.( ) A(had B(has C(have D(are 9. A: Can I have these apples, Mum?( ) B: You just had a big _______. A(thing B(it 6 C(one D(two 10. The last time I _______ her, she _______ at a medical college.( ) A(was visiting; studied B(visited; studies C(visited; was studying D(was visiting; was studying 11. The numerical evaluation of an intelligence test _________ by a small subsection of that society which _______ to foist itself on the rest of us as an arbiter of such matter.( ) A(has been determined; has been managed B(is determined; is managed C(has determined; is managed D(is determined; has managed 12. She _______ it, because she was not on the spot then.( ) A(shouldn’t have done B(wouldn’t have done C(mustn’t have done D(couldn’t have done 13. why not _______ to her?( ) A(proposingB(proposed C(propose D(did propose 14. There exists negligence in the use of land. _______, it may not be ruined.( ) A(When giving proper care B(Unless giving proper care C(Given proper care D(Been given proper care 15. This school has offered _______ you want.( ) A(math books as many as B(as many math books as C(as many as math books D(many as math books 16. In 1980 he caught a serious illness _______ effect he still suffers.( ) A(which B(from whose C(whose D(from which 17. Both players, _______ reached the final, played well.( ) A(neither of whom B(neither C(both of them not D(neither of them 18. _______, I don’t like his work at all.( ) A(As I admire him very much B(Admire him much as I do C(Very much as I admire him D(Much as I admire him 19. The old _______ usually self-conceited as age sometimes does tell.( ) A(is B(will be C(are to be D(are 7 20. It is sad experience to see all the high school kids _______ there like fools.( ) A(to stand B(standing C(having stood D(stood 二、选择填空题(本大题共8小题，每小题2分，共16分) Fill in each of the blanks with one of the items given. 21.was completed is completed, is equipped, was equipped The hotel, which ________ only last year, ________with a solarium and sauna. 22.be, is was, are, were, will be, shall be A. Twenty years ________ very long but not long enough to change a Roman nose into a pug. B. Three-fourths of the surface of the earth ________ sea. 23.that, which, it, where, who, whom The air then passes to a compressor, ________ it is compressed, and from ________it is delivered to the combustion chambers. 24.be, is, was, are, were, will be, shall be, has, have, had A. He demanded that the dinner ________ paid in US dollars. B. He hopes his dream ________ realized after his graduation from college. 25.an, the, these, is, are The Japanese ________ ________industrious people. 26.has, have, itself, themselves, them The committee ________ been arguing among ________all morning. 27.no, not a, neither, nor, none A. They proposed several solutions, but ________ seemed to be very satisfactory. B. ―Can you come on Monday or Tuesday?‖ ―I’m afraid ________ day is possible.‖ 28.police, acoustics, nucleus, pajamas, measles, cattle A. Singular only: ________ B. Plural only: ________ 三、填空题(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate word or phrase. A. Fill in the blank with an assertive, non-assertive or negative word: 29.If you’re ________ in Shanghai, do give me a ring. 30.Surely ________ knows where the documents are. 8 B. Fill in the blank with a proper form of the word or phrase in the bracket: 31.Since I broke my leg, I ________ (depend) on my niece to see to the daily housework. 32.She ________ (entitle to)a compensation for her damaged car. 33.I guarantee ________ (offer)free repair service within the first three years of your purchase. 34.I suppose there’s not much point ________(argue)any further. 35.The more you eat chocolate, ________ (fat)you become. 36.How long have you been working in your present position? I ________ (work)there for two years by the coming March. 37.Our only request is that this ________ (settle)as soon as possible. 38.I’d rather you ________ (not poke)your nose into her affair. Leave her alone. C. Fill in the blank with a determiner: 39.John and I have ________ same hobby. 40.Lying by the side of the road we saw ________ wheels of a car. D. Fill in the blank with the given adjectives in correct order: 41.Copenhagen has a ________ restaurant life with more than 2000 restaurants.(international, bustling) E. Fill in the blank with a proper preposition: 42.The duke gave the teapot ________ my aunt. 43.His sister has a good ear ________ music. F. Fill in the blank with a proper link verb: 44.What I think, say and do ________ none of your business. G. Fill in the blank with a helping verb: 45.All ________ satisfied with the hotel accommodations. H. Fill in the blank with a relative pronoun: 46.They talked a long time about their university days, after ________ they had a good meal. I. Fill in the blank with a pronoun: 47. ________tries to steal our company cars all the time. 48.Please bring as ________ food as you can. The more, the better. 四、改错题(本大题共8小题，每小题1分，共8分) Correct one error in each of the following sentences. 49.Her husband, that offered us much help when we were in difficulty, is a kind gentleman. 50.Help must be given when is necessary. 51.A friend of me wanted to see you yesterday. 9 52.We spent the all day sunbathing. 53.We had a nice time at John and Susan last night. 54.I spoke to either the director and his secretary. 55.He has not paid his debts yet and, however, he has no intention of paying. 56.The past progressive is chiefly used for past actions which continued for some time but which exact limits are not known. 五、改句(本大题共13小题，每小题2分，共26分) Rewrite the following sentences as required. A(Turning the following imperative into the tag question form: 57.Put down all your things on the table. B. Using passive voice: 58.The sad story needn’t have caused him so much distress. C. Using modal auxiliary: 59.I was sure that nobody had noticed his absence. D. Using nonfinite verb form: 60.I can’t imagine that he would ever agree to such a proposition. E. Writing a counter-factual conditional based on the given fact: 61.He is rather fat. He doesn’t take any exercise. F. Using inversion: 62.The plane roared over and the bombs came down, which killed almost all the people in the village. G. Using a cleft sentence to highlight the place adjunct: 63. Jack hit Tom at the party. H. Using whatever cohesive device is appropriate: 64. Keep the big apples in the basket and eat the small apples first. 65. Although I do not have the guts to swim in the ocean this time. I promise I will swim in the ocean next time. 66.A: Tiss went to India this winter. B: Yes, I know that he went to India this winter. I. Combining sentences: 67.On his way home Jack came across a boy. The boy was very bright and honest. 68. Mr. Bush had an immense fortune. In spite of that he was a most unhappy man. 69. You sent me a Christmas card. Thank you so much. 10 六、名词解释(本大题共3小题，每小题2分，共6分) Define the following terms with examples. 70. putative should 71.dangling participle 72.concord 七、简答题(本大题共2小题，每小题2分，共4分) Answer the following questions. 73.What is“complete inversion”? 74.List two situations in which the simple present is used to refer to the past. 答案: 一、 单项选择 1，c 2,a 3,a 4,b 5,d 6,b 7,d 8,b 9,c 10,c 11,d 12, d 13,c 14,c 15,b 16,d 17,a 18,d 19,d 20b 二、 选择填空 21，was completed; is equipped 22， is 23，where; which 24， be; will be 25， are an; 26，have; themselves 27，none; neither 28，acoustics, pajamas, measles; police, nucleus, cattle 三、 填空题 29，still 30，no one 31，have depended 32，is entitled to 33，to offer 34 ，arguing 35， the fatter 36，will have worked 37，be settled 38，did not poke 39， the 40， bustling international 41，bustling international 42，to 43，for 44， is 45，are 46，which 47，Someone 48， much 四、 改错题 49.Her husband, that [who] offered us much help when we were in difficulty, is a kind gentleman. 50.Help must be given when [it] is necessary. 51.A friend of me [mine] wanted to see you yesterday. 52.We spent the all [whole] day sunbathing. 53.We had a nice time at [with] John and Susan last night. 54.I spoke to either [both] the director and his secretary. 55.He has not paid his debts yet and, however [moreover] , he has no intention of paying. 11 56.The past progressive is chiefly used for past actions which continued for some time but which [whose] exact limits are not known. 五、 改句 A. Turning the following imperative into the tag question form: 57. Put down all your things on the table. […, will you?] B. Using passive voice: 58. The sad story needn't have caused him so much distress. [not so much distree has been caused by …] C. Using modal auxiliary: 59. I was sure that nobody had noticed his absence. [There must be nobody who …] D. Using nonfinite verb form: 60. I can't imagine that he would ever agree to such a proposition. [… imagine him to agree…] E. Writing a counter-factual conditional based on the given fact: 61. He is rather fat. He doesn't take any exercise. [If he took some exercise, he would not be so fat.] F. Using inversion: 62. The plane roared over and the bombs came down, which killed almost all the people in the village. [Down came the bombs as the plane roared over, …] G. Using a cleft sentence to highlight the place adjunct: 63. Jack hit Tom at the party. [ It is at the party that …] H. Using whatever cohesive device is appropriate: 64. Keep the big apples in the basket and eat the small apples [ones] first. 65. Although I do not have the guts to swim in the ocean this time. I promise I will swim in the ocean [do it] next time. 66. A: Tiss went to India this winter. B: Yes, I know that he went to India this winter. [Yes, I know it.] I. Combining sentences: 67. On his way home Jack came across a boy. The boy was very bright and honest. [On his way home Jack came across a very bright and honest boy.] 68. Mr. Bush had an immense fortune. In spite of that he was a most unhappy man. [Though Mr. Bush had an immense fortune, he was a most unhappy man.] 69. You sent me a Christmas card. Thank you so much. [Thank you for sending me a Christmas card.] 六、 名词解释 12 70. putative should [Putative should is not very meaningful in its own right, its function is to fill in a structural slot. It is commonly found in the that-clause after an adjective or a noun denoting a feeling or an opinion.] 71.dangling participle [Dangling participle is a participle whose omitted subject is not the subject of the main clause, it is usually poor grammar or sometimes absurd, though some of them are idiomaticaaly accepted.] 72.concord [Concord, or agreement, can be defined as the relationship between two grammatical units such that one of them displaays a particular feature that accords with a displayed in the other 七、 简答题 3.What is "complete inversion"? [Complete inversion refers to a clear reversal of the order of subject and predicate, rather than part of the predicate a is done by partial inversion.] 74.List two situations in which the simple present is used to refer to the past. [1. newspaper headlines; 2. stage directions.] 全国自考2009年4月英语语法试题及参考答案 一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) Choose the best answer from the choices given and put the letters A, B, C or D in the brackets. 1.——Did you hear what she said? ( ) ——Well, I heard her say something, but I ______. So I don't know exactly what she said. A. would not listen B. were not listening C. had not listened D. shouldn't listen 2. When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun ______. ( ) A. shone B. shines C. has shone D. was shining 3. The building suddenly collapsed while it ______ down. ( ) A. pulled B. had been pulled C. was being pulled D. was pulled 4. Most of my saving ______ in stocks. ( ) A. has been invested B. is being invested C. have invested D. have been invested 5. The manager insisted that the chief engineer ______ testing the new model immediately. ( ) A. start B. starts C. started D. will start 6. Great as Newton was, many of his principles ______ and modified by contemporary scientists today. ( ) A. are to challenge B. may be challenged 13 C. are challenging D. have been challenged 7. Mary ______ have been invited to the party, but she wasn't. A. must B. should C. can D. would 8. Mr. Smith isn't here yet. I think he ______ about the meeting. A. should have forgot B. ought to forget C. must have forgot D. may not forget 9. , It was very kind of you to do the washing-up, but you really ______ it. A. needn't do B. shouldn't have done C. didn't have to do D. mustn't have done 10. I couldn't help ______ when I saw that. ( ) A. laugh B. laughed C. laughing D. to laugh 11. I saw lying on his doormat a letter ______ to him from the U.S.A. ( ) A. addressing B. addressed C. to address D. being addressed 12. The key ______ the puzzle will be given in tomorrow's paper. ( ) A. of B. for C. to D. about 13. The surgeon was expected to finish the operation ______ noon. ( ) A. in B. before C. till D. on 14. What was it ______ caused the forest fire? ( ) A. who B. that C. this D. whom 15. This is the school ______ I studied for six years. ( ) A. which B. where C. when D. whom 16. His sister, ______ you met at the airport yesterday, is a famous basketball player. ( ) A. that B. who C. which D. when 17. She would stay with her parents ______ .( ) A. for a couple of days once a month after she got married B. once a month for a couple of days after she got married C. after she got married for a couple of days once a month D. once a month after she got married for a couple of days 18. All the applicants will be assessed ______ an interview.( ) A. by means of B. through the way of C. by the way of D. by the method of 19. ______ my bank lent me the money, I would have bought a new house.( ) A. Had B. If C. Be D. Would 20. ______ guilty, I'd rather be tried in Florida.( ) A. When B. As C. Since D. If 二、选择填空题 (本大题共8小题，每小题2分，共16分) Fill in each of the blanks with one of the items given. 14 21. were, was, had, animal, animals Small amounts of land was used for keeping animals. 22. has, have, its, their, theirs The committee has reached its decision. 23. more, more of, most, as, like, than Bill is more of a fool than John. 24. qualified, a teacher; qualifying, teachers; qualify, teaching Susan is a teacher as qualified as Mary. 25. be, is, was, are, were, will be, shall be a. That the man kissed his love in the street on the Valentine Day will be a hot topic for tonight's TV show. b. Neither his voice nor his donation to the funding organization shall be forgotten in the days to come. 26. have, has, had, will have, shall have a. She is the only one of the factory who has been laid up. b. This is the only family in the community who has different opinions while making up the mind. 27. be, is, was, are, were, will be, shall be, has, have, had a. She is one of the girls who have been to the Sentosa Beaches. b. This is the only one of the houses which was newly built up in this area. 28. physics, gentry, binoculars, bronchitis, bacteria, stimulus a. Singular only: physics, stimulus, bronchitis b. Plural only: binoculars, bacteria, gentry 三、填空题 (本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate word or phrase. A. Fill in the blank with assertive, non-assertive or negative words: 29. I think I've lost that green scarf of mine; I can't find it anywhere. 30. ——"I'd like some more cheese." ——"I'm sorry there's none left." 31. I'm trying to persuade him to come but I'm getting nowhere. 32. Satellite technology offers the opportunity, as never before, for continuous television coverage of major international events. B. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate form of the verb or verb phrase given: 33. Primary distillation, which yields several fractions, is carried (carry) out in the main column of the crude distillation unit. 34. It is time we thought (think) about drawing up a detailed plan for the project. 35. Halloween was originally a religious holiday, but its religious character has lost (lose) in the United States, and now it is celebrated mostly as a children's day. 36. When questioning (question) the boy, the policeman felt a little sorry for him. 37. Three years later, realizing (realize) that he was not as well prepared as he should be, either materially or psychologically, Mackenzie returned to Britain to get ready for his next journey. C. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate preposition: 38. The train doesn't go to Nanjing. We'll have to change at Shanghai. 39. Unless the hunters are very careful, they may fall to death when climbing the mountains. 40. The man sitting in the corner reminds me of my uncle Tom. 41. I think it isn't good for children to get everything they want. 42. It was between 1830 and 1835 that the first newspaper in the world was born. D. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate relative pronoun or adverb: 43. Deserts are found where rain never falls or falls in only a few weeks' time for a whole year. 44. That was the proposal she put forward at the board meeting but it was turned down by all the other 15 members. 45. The treatment, which is being tried by doctors at these hospitals, has proved to be effective for patients. 46. Mrs Taylor, who came on holiday with us, is now in Shanghai. E. Fill in the blank with the proper form of the adjective given: 47. Of the two sisters, which is the older (old)? F. Fill in the blank with the adjectives in brackets in correct order: 48. She had a beautiful red real silk skirt. (beautiful, real, red, silk) 四、改错题 (本大题共8小题，每小题1分，共8分) Correct one error in each of the following sentences. 49. Don't use your plate as ashtray. ? …as an ashtray. 50. Julie spent the all of the summer at home. ? Julie spent the whole summer… 51. Whole London was talking about her affairs. ? The whole London… 52. Both of children have gone to bed. ? Both children… 53. Have you heard this new idea of the boss? ? Have you heard of… 54. She's got a parrot on the shoulder. ? …on her shoulder. 55. —"Can you come on Monday or Tuesday?" —"I'm afraid either day is possible." ? "I'm afraid neither day is possible." 56. She got married at St. Joseph. ? …in St. Joseph. 五、改句 (本大题共13小题，每小题2分，共26分) Rewrite the following sentences as required. A. Turning the following imperative into the YES-NO question form: 57. Bring me some paper please. ? Would you please bring me some paper? B. Using a modal auxiliary: 58. It is not even barely possible that he made that mistake. ? He could not have made that mistake. C. Using the nonfinite verb form: 59. When the reports arrived, we began to assess them. ? Reports having arrived, … D. Using extraposition: 60. To see all the high school kids standing on one foot outside school property and puffing away furtively and defiantly on their cigarettes breaks my heart. ? It breaks my heart to see … E. Using passive voice: 61. All the students who are applying for the government loan must observe this rule. ? This rule must be observed by all the students… F. Combining the two sentences by using subjunctive mood: 62. She has little knowledge about the country. But she talked in a way that made people believe the country. ? She talked as if she had much knowledge about the country. G. Combining the two sentences by using a conjunct: 63. He tried many companies. They all rejected his application. ? … but … 64. It rained heavily last night. All the flowers are gone. ? … and… H. Combining the two sentences by using a relative clause: 65. Philip bought an English-Chinese dictionary last week. He found it very useful. 16 ? Philip found the English-Chinese dictionary that he bought last week very useful. 66. Heavy storms occurred in the area this summer. It caused serious damage to the crops. ? The heavy storms that occurred in the area this summer caused serious damage to the crops. I. Rewrite the following sentences using whatever cohesive device is appropriate: 67. If you travel often, keep a collection of necessities pre-packed. Keeping a collection of necessities pre-packed will give you time to pare the nonessentials. ? … that will give you… 68. I inherited these skills from my father. Those skills have been put to the test. ? … They have been… 69. I learned to pack light early in life. I had to pack light early in life. ? … I had to do it … 六、名词解释 (本大题共2小题，每小题2分，共4分) Define the following terms with examples. 70. Predicative modal auxiliary Modal auxiliary which is in a use indicating speaker's assumption or assessment of probability. eg. Even in summer it can be very cold here. 71. anaphoric reference Anaphoric reference is used to retreive information from the foregoing context. eg. I have read that book. It is not very interesting. 七、简答题 (本大题共3小题，每小题2分，共6分) Answer the following questions. 72. What is the system of two tenses and two aspects? Answer: Two tenses are past tense and present tense; two aspects are perfect aspect and progressive aspect. 73. What are the senses conveyed in the premodifying-ed participles? Answer: If the verb is transitive, its premodifying-ed participle convey the sense of passiveness or completeness or both; if the verb is intrnasitive, its premodifying-ed participle convey only the sense of completeness. 74. What is given information and what is new information? Answer: The given information is what is assumed to be familiar to the receiver, while the new information is what is assumed to be unfamiliar to the receiver. 17 全国2010年4月自学考试英语语法试题 课程代码:00831 一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) Choose the best answer from the choices given and put the letter A, B, C or D in the brackets. 1. That definition leaves ______ for disagreement. ( ) A. much room B. a small room C. many rooms D. a big room 2. My train is going to arrive at Shanghai at about eight o’clock tonight. The plane I’d like to take from there ______ by then. ( ) A. would leave B. will have left C. has left D. had left 3. The young man who has applied for the post ______ in the general manager’s office.( ) A. is interviewing B. is being interviewed C. to be interviewed D. had been interviewed 4. It is essential that all the exam papers ______ back before the end of the term. ( ) A. must be sent B. are sent C. will be sent D. be sent 5. ______ for my illness, I would have got the job in the Disneyland. ( ) A. Not being B. Without being C. Had it not been D. Not having been 6. The car ahead of me suddenly stopped by the roadside. I think it ______ out of gas.( ) A. may run B. may have run C. must run D. should have run 7. The teacher won’t mind ______ the term paper. ( ) A. us to delay handing in B. our delaying handing in C. our delaying to hand in D. us delay to hand in 8. All the tasks ______ ahead of time, they decided to have a dinner party to celebrate.( ) A. have been finished B. had been finished C. having been finished D. were finished. 9. What he has done is ______ what I have done. ( ) A. superior to B. more superior to C. superior than D. more superior than 10. Mary earns ______ as Jane does, but she spends less money on cosmetics than Jane.( ) A. twice so much B. twice as much C. as much twice D. so much twice 11. We’ 11 discuss a ______ issue before we move on to the problem of our major concern. ( ) 18 A. less B. more C. lesser D. most 12. He was very disappointed ______ the salary the company offered him. ( ) A. with B. to C. for D. on 13. The course usually attracts 30 students each term, ______ about two-thirds are girls.( ) A. among whom B. for whom C. among them D. for them 14. I have never seen a TV program ______ the man cannot find a parking space at the very first try.( ) A. where B. which C. when D. there 15. Everyone believes that the day will come ______ people all over the world live a rich and happy life. ( ) A. when B. where C. which D. why 16. The novelist and poet ______ best writer of the year. ( ) A. have been awarded B. have awarded C. has awarded D. has been awarded 17. Ten minutes ______ an hour when I’m depressed. ( ) A. seems B. seem C. seemed D. is seeming 18. ______ Paul brings the money for our lunch, we’ll go right to the cafeteria. ( ) A. As far as B. As soon as C. As good as D. As much as 19. The captain, together with the crew, ______ determined not to abandon the ship until all the passengers were aboard the lifeboats. ( ) A. is B. are C. were D. was 20. I saw ______ girls at the cinema. ( ) A. the both B. many a C. both the D. a many 二、填空题 (本大题共 28小题，共36分 ) Section A: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words given in the group. (共8小题，每小题2分，共16分) 21. isn’t, hasn’t been, haven’t been, is, are, was The present government, which ______ in power long, ______ trying to control inflation. It isn’t having much success. 22. a, a, the, the, some, such Getting ______ unions and ______ bosses to agree isn’t easy. 19 23. is now believing, is now believed, has now believed, taught, teaching, being taught It ______ that foreign languages are most easily ______ to young children. 24. am, were, has been, will be, shall be, should be I ______ anxious that nobody ______ hurt. 25. if once, until, releases, releasing, released ______ ______ from prison, he is likely to engage himself in the same business and commit the same crime. 26. which, what, when, seen, I’ve ever seen, which I’ve ever seen It’s the only building ______ ______ is made entirely of glass. 27. believed, was believed, were believed, are, was, were What ______ to be aliens from outer space ______ actually several sheep going astray. 28. both, either, neither, whatever, whichever, however You can keep one of the photos, ______ of them— ______ you like. Section B: Fill in the blanks with the words given in brackets. Make changes or add something where necessary. (共 20小题,每小题1分，共 20 分 ) 29. Let’s talk to the manager, ______ (we)? 30. How long ______ (speech) you made this afternoon! 31. There has been an increasing number of ______ (man) teachers in primary schools in the last few years. 32. All ______ (town) were celebrating the victory that night. 33. We’re having dinner at my ______ (aunt) tonight. 34. If only they ______ (stop) this constant complaining. 35. The vase ______ (sit) dangerously over the edge of the balcony. 36. We ______ (call) on you yesterday, but we had visitors ourselves. 37. She took a taxi to the station so that she ______ (not miss) the train. 38. This ______ (cure) your cough if you had taken it. 39. Several people reported ______ (hear) her cry for help. 40. When are you going to have the car ______ (repair)? 41. ______ (dangerous) it is, the more I like it. 42. He is ______ (of a fool) than his predecessor. 43. A lot of people volunteered to donate their blood ______ (of sympathy). 44. With luck, you might cover your costs, but don’t ______ (count) it. 45. The woman ______ (whom) we talked has just given birth to quintuplets successfully. 46. What he did and when he did it ______ (be) the only things I want to know. 47. My car is too small. Let’s rent a ______ (big). 48. , Will they change it? , Yes. I ______ (imagine). 三、改错题(本大题共12小题，每小题1分，共12分) Correct one error in each of the following sentences. 49. The new reservoir is the two-thirds size of the old one in area. 20 50. The friend of mine will visit me tomorrow. 51. I have been seeing the movie three times, and now I want to see it again. 52. I propose that a woman member of the committee appoint for the chair. 53. The truth of course is that you must have to pay a professional to do it for you. 54. Yesterday John went to see a house in a view to buying it. 55. Because the leader couldn’t attend the meeting, so it was canceled. 56. The old lady must feel the cold a great deal because she doesn’t go out in the winter. 57. When used with care, transitional words can enhance writing, however, too many of them will soon weary your reader. 58. Young though he was, did he manage to make a living on his own. 59. In order that the child to recover fully, an operation must be done. 60. The cup was broken by someone, but I don’t know who. 四、改写句子(本大题共12小题，每小题2分，共24分) Rewrite the following sentences as required. 61. Using an intensifier: I have not known him tell a lie. 62. Using a question tag: Bob rarely got drunk. 63. Using a proper modal auxiliary: Perhaps he was working for Simons. 64. Using a non-finite form: I am sure it’ll do you good if you admit that you made the mistake. 65. Using a relative clause: He said that the men were thieves. This turned out to be true. 66. Using an adjunct: My wife was using the vacuum cleaner. I was trying to listen to a broadcast play. 67. Using an adjunct: His mother waited up. He came home. 68. Using a pseudo-deft sentence: The students are going to write theses. 69. Using passive voice: We must put an end to this state of things as soon as possible. 70. Using extraposition: Meeting you in London that day was pleasant. 71. Using inversion: Come and teach in our school. You won’t find such fine pupils anywhere else. 72. Using an appropriate cohesive device: Check out the weather at your destination. If you do not check out the weather at your destination, things can be 21 very embarrassing. 五、简答题(本大题共2小题，每小题4分，共8分) Answer the following questions. 73. Why do most modern English grammarians adopt a two-tense system? 74. Why does co-reference between pronouns often cause our hesitation in the course of speaking and writing? 22 23 全国2011年4月高等教育自学考试 英语语法试题 课程代码:00831 一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) Choose the best answer from the choices given and put the letter A, B, C or D in the brackets. 1. This encyclopedia, which you can buy at any bookstore, will give you ______ you need. ( ) A. all the information B. all of information C. all the informations D. all of the informations 2. The child ought to have a rest; she ______ the piano for nearly three hours. ( ) A. had practiced B. is practicing C. has been practicing D. practices 3. Great efforts to increase agricultural production must be made in this country if food shortage ______ . ( ) A. is to be avoided B. can be avoided C. will be avoided D. has been avoided 4. My son's hair is too long; it wants ______. I'll have it ______ tomorrow. ( ) A. cutting… done B. cutting… to be done C. being cut… done D. to be cut… to be done 5. All the tourists desire that the guide ______ them timely information about the changes in the schedule. ( ) A. give B. gave C. gives D. can give 6. You ______ all the calculations of the students' scores. We have the computer software to do that job. ( ) A. needn't have done B. mustn't have done C. shouldn't have done D. couldn't have done 7. John is supposed ______ his term paper last. week, but he hasn't finished it yet. ( ) A. to hand in B. to be handing in C. to have handed in D. to have been handed in 8. You can see this type of ATM ______ in almost every commercial bank. ( ) A. used B. using C. use D. to be used 9.I like playing video games ______ to the music. ( ) A. more than to listen B. more than listening C. than listening D. rather than to listen 10. You can't be ______ cautious in making the decision as it concerns your son's future. ( ) A. very B. rather 24 C. too D. so 11. China has a larger population than ______ in the world. ( ) A. any country B. any countries C. any other country D. all other country 12. All the candidates passed the written test ______ the exception of John. ( ) A. on B. for C. in D. with 13. According to a study on children's behavior, the time ______ the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people will affect their relationship with real-life people later in their lives. ( ) A. when B. that C. in which D. on which 14. At such a critical moment, our company needs a general manager ______ everyone has confidence. ( ) A. of whom B. about whom C. in whom D. for whom 15. The donor hoped that the little ______ he had done would help the people in the flooded area. ( ) A. which B. that C. what D. where 16. It has been found that how close parents are to their children ______ a rather strong influence on the development of the children's character. ( ) A. have B. has C. having D. had 17. The audience ______ requested to remain seated during the intermission. ( ) A. are B. is C. were D. be 18. During extremely hot weather, elephants require both mud and water to keep their skin cool ______ they have no sweat glands. ( ) A. and B. so C. because of D. due to the fact that 19. His score of the final English exam is higher than ______ in his class. ( ) A. anyone's else B. anyone else C. anyone's else's D. anyone else's 20. He has been staying at home ______ days. ( ) A. these all last few B. these last few all C. all these last few D. these last all few 二、填空题(本大题共28小题，共36分) Section A Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words given in the group. 25 (共8小题，每小题2分，共16分) 21. feel have, go, will be, are, was The black middle class ________________ culturally excluded while the poor _______________ totally alienated. 22. a, the, some, all, each, such A knife is no good. You need ________________ screwdriver to do ________________ job properly. 23. took, was taken, had taken, operated, been operated, operating He ________________ to hospital last night and he's already ________________ on. 24. was, were, be, shall be, will be, has been ________________ it necessary that my uncle ________________ informed? 25. both, whether, neither, or, nor, but ________________ by accident ________________ by design, he arrived too late for the appointment. 26. which I bought, what I bought, I bought, which, what, who This is the only book ________________ ________________ challenges this common belief. 27. which, what, that, is, are, was ________________ I need for the spring cleaning ________________ a pair of rubber gloves, some detergent and several plastic bags to hold the garbage. 28. a, one, some, any, other, another The New York Times is neither ________________ thing nor the ________________ It's not really a city newspaper and it's not really a national newspaper either. Section B Fill in the blanks with the words given in brackets. Make changes or add something where necessary. (共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 29. She has coffee with sugar, __________(she)? 30. __________ (not let's) go out until after the rain. 31. Your politics __________ (seem) to be at variance with mine. 32. All __________ (England) was excited at the victory in the battle fields. 33. I'll go in Frank's car and you can go in __________ (Alan). 34. We __________ (finish) the job by the time you come back. 35. What are you talking about? You __________ (disturb) the class. 36. They __________ (negotiate) for three hours now and neither party seems to be willing to compromise. 37. You want to spend so much money on it? If I were you, I __________ (not do) that. 38. You __________ (not carry) the parcel home. The shop would have delivered it if you had asked. 39. I don't know __________ (ask) the question or not. 40. He appeared well __________ (prepare) for the TV debate. 41. The more friends you have, __________ (little time) you'll have to see them. 42. __________ (long) I can stay is three hours. 43. A good teacher must be neither too strict nor too weak; his manner must __________ (lie) these two. 26 44. Time lost through illness __________ (amount) 50 working days last year. 45. The picking of the fruit, __________ (which) work they receive no money, takes about a week. 46. Ten percent of the teachers __________ (not have) the necessary certificate. 47. - Have you met our German neighbours? -Are they __________ (one) who moved here recently? 48. - Is he the fight person for the job? - I __________ (not believe). 三、改错题(本大题共12小题，每小题1分，共12分) Correct one error in each of the following sentences. 49. Linguistics is a scientific study of the language. 50. I'm sorry I don't know when he comes. I'll tell you about it as soon as he comes. 51. Can the ship get seen on the horizon? 52. May there be life on Mars? 53. Having missed the final examination, the teacher gave me a failing grade. 54. Take it easy. You know the effect of the drug will wear off four hours later. 55. It is a fact that I almost drowned makes me very careful about water safety whenever I go. 56. When a pearl is cut in half and examined under a microscope, but its layers can be seen. 57. He denied seeing the murder suspect, that turned out to be true. 58. Late the son has been staying out lately. 59. No sooner he had asked the question than the answer came to him. 60. — Maggie had a wonderful time at the party. — So had she and so did I. 四、改写句子(本大题共12小题，每小题2分，共24分) Rewrite the following sentences as required. 61. Using an intensifier: No one on the committee supported my plan. 62. Using a question tag: Everybody knows what he has to do. 63. Using a proper modal auxiliary: It is possible that the chair will accept your proposal if you put it in the right way. 64. Using a non-finite form: She stood up so that she could be seen better. 65. Using a relative clause: My boss is an incredibly boring person. His predecessor was not a boring person at all. 66. Using a disjunct: It is natural that she will take after her mother. 67. Using an adjunct: 27 He ran away. He is afraid to be seen. 68. Using a relative clause: This is the only one of the many houses here. This was destroyed by the earthquake. 69. Using passive voice: I don't mind you criticizing me. 70. Using extraposition: You will feel listening to him talk boring. 71. Using discontinuity: He is the only student who applies for financial aid in this school. 72. Using an appropriate cohesive device: I learned to speak English early in life. I had to learn English early in life. 五、简答题(本大题共2小题，每小题4分，共8分) Answer the following questions. 73. If tense is related to time, what is aspect related to? 74. Explain the three principles of concord with examples 答案见下页: 28 29 30 全国2012年4月自学考试英语语法试题 课程代码:00831 一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) Choose the best answer from the choices given and put the letter A, B, C or D in the brackets. 1(There are a lot of ________ in Xinhua Children’s Hospital. ( ) A(woman doctors B(woman doctor C(women doctors D(women doctor 2(We ________ . Please fasten your seat belt. ( ) A(have landed B(are landing C(landed D(land 3(Mary and John ________ each other since childhood. ( ) A(have been knowing B(knew 31 C(have known D(had known 4(Almost all the main roads in the city center ________ by the end of next year. ( ) A(will be widened B(were widened C(will have been widened D(would be widened 5(The factory will be fined if the work ________ by the end of the month is delayed. ( ) A(to be completed B(will be completed C(being completed D(completed 6(I don’t think it advisable that the young man ________ to the important post since he has no practical experience. ( ) A(is appointed B(will be appointed C(be appointed D(has been appointed 7(Mary’s score on the test is the highest in her class; she ________ have studied very hard. ( ) A(may B(should C(must D(ought to 8(The students are staying up late these days ________ for the final exams. ( ) A(to preparing B(to prepare C(being prepared D(prepared 9(He tried ________ a new microphone and was able to make himself heard. ( ) A(to use B(to be used C(to using D(using 10(Mr. Johnson met ________ at the party that day. ( ) A(a certain retired movie funny star B(a retired certain funny movie star C(a funny certain retired movie star D(a certain funny retired movie star 11(Tom likes watching TV ________ novels. ( ) A(more than to read B(more than reading C(than reading D(rather than to read 12(The Conservative Party is one of the ________ parties in Britain. ( ) A(major B(main C(big D(huge 13( ________ , he couldn’t deal with these problems. ( ) A(Obviously speaking B(Obviously to speak C(Obvious D(Obviously 14(The room is too cold without heating and too small for a family of four. ________ , it is better than I expected. ( ) A(Still B(But C(And D(So 15( ________ their differences, John and Mark remain good friends all their lives.( ) 32 A(But for B(For all C(Above all D(Except for 16(She is a gentle and quiet girl, ________ none of her sisters is. ( ) A(who B(whom C(that D(which 17(She is married to a man who she believes ________ both makes a lot of money and loves her. ( ) A(who B(whom C(that D(/ 18(Neither of them who had applied for a position in the company ________. ( ) A(has been accepted B(have been accepted C(was accepted D(were accepted 19(What she wanted from him ________ just promises at that time. ( ) A(is B(are C(was D(were 20(I know I need a good car, but I can’t afford ________. ( ) A(it B(one C(that D(this 二、填空题(本大题共28小题，共36分) Section A: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words given in the group. (共8小题，每小题2分，共16分) 21(go, goes, is going, advice, advices, piece of advice My special thanks ____________ to Professor Brown, who read the first draft of this book and gave me a lot of invaluable ____________ . 22(a, a, the, the, some, such ____________ beautiful is not always the same as ____________ good. 23(worrying, are worrying, has been worrying, fining, being fined, is fined The browns ____________ about their son ____________ for overspeed. 24(was, were, be, never, being, will never be, has never to be Though be ____________ reduced to poverty, he ____________ dishonest. 25(work, worked, working, tell, told, telling ____________ hard until ____________ to stop. 26(which, which, what, what, that, that There is something ____________ I want you to do but ____________ you hate to do. 27(what, which, that, is, are, was What he did and ____________ he said ____________ totally different. 28(such, so, it, make, to make, made ____________ is not funny at all ____________ fun of a disabled man. 33 Section B: Fill in the blanks with the words given in brackets. Make changes or add something where necessary. ( 共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 29(Let’s not talk to the director, ____________ (we)? 30(You say you took the book without his permission. ___________ (other words), you stole it. 31(The book will provide a ____________ (stimuli) to research in this very important area. 32(They speak ____________ (not French) nor German, but a curious mixture of the two. 33(In my ____________ (mind) eye, she remains a little girl of six although she’s actually a grown woman. 34(I’m afraid you ____________ (have) to be responsible for everything you do after you’re eighteen. 35(Look at the dark clouds. It ____________ (rain). 36(Mary is naughty, but she____________(be) a good girl today. 37(Congress has decided that the present law____________(maintain). 38(—The lights have gone out. —A fuse____________(blow). 39(Having finished the first project, John went on____________(work) on another one. 40(____________ (stand) on the church tower, the whole village could be seen. 41(When I told her the news, she became all____________(depressed). 42(How much did the second____________ (expensive) has cost? 43(I think the noise____________(come) below the window. 44(Don’t get____________(mad) the children. They don’t know what they’ve done. 45(____________ (consider) the strength of the opposition, we did very well to score two goals. 46(That is the reason____________(for) he is leaving so soon. 47(Each man and woman____________(be) asked to complete a form. 48(I don’t want____________(there be) any disturbance during my lunch break. 三、改错题(本大题共12小题，每小题1分，共12分) Correct one error in each of the following sentences. 49(—Did you work out the solution to this problem? —I am at my wits end with this problem. 50(I’m going to buy a new coat. The weather report says it is very cold. 51(Far is it from me to call him a thief. 52(She talked a long time, and in the end she could make him believe her. 53(The Himalayas have a magnificent variety of plant and animal life. 54(The additional work will take five another weeks. 55(Such chances should never be let to slip. 56(There is something wrong with the car; it needs overhauled. 57(Having paid my taxes, the amount left in the bank is hardly worth mentioning. 58(Just take a look at that fellow, so you’ll get sick. 59(Brown bread and butter are usually eaten with smoked salmon. 34 60(Not a single page he read the whole semester. 四、改写句子(本大题共12小题，每小题2分，共24分) Rewrite the following sentences as required. 61(Adding a suitable tag to the following statement: I don’t believe you’ve finished knitting that cardigan yourself. 62(Reinforcing the negation in the following sentence: No one on the committee approved of my proposal. 63(Combining the two sentences by using coordination: He himself is interested in the subject. All his students are beginning to show an interest in it. 64(Combining the two sentences by using an adverbial clause: John spoke through a microphone. He could be heard in every room. 65(Combining the two sentences by using a conjunct: The house was in bad repair. It was to be sold at a reduced price. 66(Combining the two sentences by using a conjunct: The term papers were very brief. They were better than I had expected. 67(Using extraposition: Whether there was gold left in the mine was not known. 68(Using fronting: The plane dived into a large crowd of spectators. (Using a modal auxiliary: 69 I’m sure that he is working late at the office. 70(Using whatever cohesive device is appropriate: We are told that he will come tonight, and if he comes tonight, our meeting will be held tomorrow. If he doesn’t come tonight, there won’t be any meeting tomorrow. 71(Using whatever cohesive device is appropriate: I finally threw out my dirty tennis shoes, which pleased my mother tremendously. 72(Using subjunctive mood: I had recommended him to be placed in a more responsible position. 五、简答题(本大题共2小题，每小题4分，共8分) Answer the following questions. 73(Give a brief answer to the criteria of the classification of open class words and their significance. 74(List the types of subjunctive mood with examples. 2012年4月全国自考英语语法试题参考答案 一、单项选择题 l.C 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. C 8. B 9. D 10. D 11. B 12. A 13. D 14. A 15. B 16. D 17. D 18. C 19. D 20. B 二、填空题 35 21. go, advice 22. The, the 23. are worrying, being fined 24. be, will never be 25. Work, told 26. that, which 27. what, are 28. It, to make Section B 29. shall we? 30. In other words 31. stimulus 32. neither French 33. mind's 34. will have 35. is going to rain 36. is being 37. be maintained 38. must have blown 39. to work 40. Standing 41. the more depressed 42. most expensive 43. comes from 44. mad at/with 45. Considering 46. for which 47. was/is 48. there to be 三、改错题 49. —Did you work out the solution to this problem? —I am at my wit's (或wits') end with this problem. 50. I'm going to buy a new coat. The weather report says it is going to be very cold. 51. Far be it from me to call him a thief. 52. She talked a long time, and in the end she was able to make him believe her. 53. The Himalayas has a magnificent variety of plant and animal life. 54. The additional work will take another five weeks. 55. Such chances should never be let slip. 56. There is something wrong with the car; it needs overhauling (或to be overhauled. ) 57. After 1 have paid my taxes, the amount left in the bank is hardly worth mentioning. 58. Just take a look at that fellow, and you'll get sick. 59. Brown bread and butter is usually eaten with smoked salmon. 60. Not a single page did he read the whole semester. 四、改写句子 61. I don't believe you've finished knitting that cardigan yourself, have you? 62. Not a single committee member approved of my proposal. 63. Not only is he himself interested in the subject, but all his students are beginning to show an interest in it 64. John spoke through a microphone so that he could be heard in every room. 65. The house was in bad repair. Therefore, it was to be sold at a reduced price. 36 66. The term papers were very brief. However, they were better than 1 had expected. 67. It was not known whether there was gold left in the mine. 68. Into a large crowd of spectators the plane dived. 69. He must be working late at the office. 70. We are told that he will come tonight, and if so, our meeting will be held tomorrow, If not, there won't be any meeting tomorrow. 71. I finally threw out my dirty tennis shoes. This/That pleased my mother tremendously. 72. I had recommended that he be placed in a more responsible position. 五、简答题 73. Nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs are known as open class words because their membership is fairly open-ended. Words in the open classes may be determined on the basis of three complementary criteria: meaning, form, and function. The semantic or "notional" criteria are helpful only to a limited extent. A second basis of classification of words based on morphological criteria would note that one class of words (nouns) generally inflects for plural manlier and for genitive (girls, girl's), while another class (verbs) inflects for past tense, -ing participle and -ed participle. Words containing the suffixes -tion, -ness, -ment, -ance belong to noun class. A third basis for classification sues syntactic or "functional" criteria. Words are grouped into classes according to their operation in syntactic structure. Therefore, we can tell the class of a word by the way in which it behaves. 74. The subjunctive is used to express assumptions contrary to the given fact. Our trimmed subjunctive mood falls into two major types; the fee- subjunctive and the were-subjunctive. The? fee-subjunctive is formally marked by the use of the base of the verb. The fee-subjunctive is further divided into the formulaic subjunctive and the mandative subjunctive. Formulaic fee-subjunctive is largely confined to a few fixed expressions, expressions which extend a good wish, which may call down curses upon somebody or place an evil wish, and which may propose a will or indicate a special attitude; God bless you. Heaven help us! Mandative fee-subjunctive is the base form of the verb used in that-clause when the superordinate clause contains an element denoting volition; He insisted that he do the job on his own. The fee-subjunctive is also found, especially in formal English, in an adverbial clause of condition, concession, etc. typically introduced by if, though, whatever, whether, lest, etc. If he be found guilty, he will be punished. The were- subjunctive has only one form—were in subordinate clauses expressing hypothesis; If she were here now, he wouldn't be that rude. 全国2012年7月自学考试英语语法试题 课程代码:00831 一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) (Choose the best answer from the choices given and put the letter A, B, C or D in the brackets.) 1.Jim was in _____ after he got to know the results of the football match.( ) A. a low spirit B.low spirits C. low spirit D. a low spirits 2. I am rather tire D. I______ trees since this morning.( ) A. was planting B.had planted 37 C. have been planting D. planted 3. All representatives ______ present before ten o’clock yesterday morning.( ) A. are B.have been C. were D. had been 4. In the past decade, great changes ______ in the suburbs of Shanghai.( ) A. have been taken place B.have taken place C. took place D. were taken place 5. They envy George because of his ______ chairman of the committee.( ) A. having appointed B.having been appointed C. appointed D. being appointed 6. I wish I ______ longer this morning, but I had to go to school at 7 o’clock.( ) A. could sleep B.could have slept C. slept D. have slept 7. Every adult ______ be responsible for what he or she has done.( ) A. can B.could C. should D may 8. If you favor ______on night shift, you may go and tell the manager.( ) A. to work B.working C. having worked D. being worked 9. The student confessed to ______a lie to the teacher.( ) A. have told B.having told C. tell D. being told 10. I have no objection to ______ a trip to Hawaii again.( ) A. have B.having C. having had D. have had 11. These customs are common in Northern China and to a______ extent in Southern China.( ) A. little B.less C. lesser D. least 12. Don’t think that these people are ______you.( ) A. inferior than 38 B.more inferior than C. inferior to D. inferior as 13. I’m leaving tomorrow. ______, can I use your car for shopping this afternoon?( ) A. In the way B. On the way C. By the way D. Through the way l4. Don’t get mad ______ the children. They don’t even know what they ’ ve done.( ) A. for B.of C. at D. by 15. That was the kind of person _______he was.( ) A. who B.whom C. where D. which 6. The villagers, ______ had been damaged by the earthquake, were given help by the Red Cross.( ) A. all their homes B.all whose homes C. all of whose homes D. all of their homes 7. All ______ glitters is not gol D.( ) A. which B.who C. / D. that 18. This tenth and last book of his ______ when he was bed-ridden.( ) A. was written B.were written C. has been written D. had been written 19. Each family ______ asked to plant a tree before summer came.( ) A. is B.are C. was D. were 20. I have both tea and coffee.______ do you prefer?( ) A. Which B.What C. Which one D. What one 二、填空题(本大题共28小题，共36分) Section A: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words given in the group. (共8小题，每小题2分，共16分) 39 21. is, will be, are, their, one’s, his More than one person _________ going to lose _________ job. 22. a, all each, some, the, such Eric didn’t even have_________ common sense to send for ________ doctor. 23. watch, watching, to watch, been operated, being operated, operate I want you ________ carefully how the machine is __________ . 24. were, be, is, talk, talks, will talk It ________ important that she _________ to him in person. 25. whether; however, whatever, is it, the reason, it is the reason ________ ________, physical punishment to children at school is illegal. 26. which, what, when, where, whom, who This is the man ________ drove the car __________ his wife bought from the car dealer. 27. was, were, being, its, their , one’s The audience ________ excited on seeing ________ favourite star glide onto the stage. 28. it, them, him, that, what, which He found ________ annoying ______ his neighbour kept calling him by the wrong name. Section B: Fill in the blanks with the words given in brackets. Make changes or add something where necessary. (共20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 29. That may be your lost car, _________ (it)? 30. __________ (much) I admire him ,I don’t like all his work 31.These are the ________ (criteria) we use to select candidates. 32. You can’t have it ______ (ways) -you either work longer and get paid more or have more leisure time and get paid less. 33. She has read a book about the poor _______ (peasant) childhood and their early life. 34. The man ________ (try) to climb out of the window when the firemen arrived 35. He lay on the ground as though he _________ (shoot). 36. It’s the third time you ________ (arrive) late this week. 37. The movie star is wearing sunglasses lest he __________ (recognize). 38.My parents wanted me to be a doctor, but I_______ (not put) up with all those years of study. 39. I want to congratulate you on __________ (admit) to the university you like very much. 40. ________ (look) ahead to the weekend, temperature will be warmer. 41. Also we know that astronauts, when they go up into space, find the air becomes_________ (thin) as they go higher. 42. This is ________ (exciting) birthday party I’ve ever had 43. I want to tell you that we all________ (sympathize) you in your afflictions. 44. To ________ (keep) confusing your readers, always put modifying phrases and clauses near the words they modify. 45.________ (grant) that it is a simple test to perform, it should be easy to get results quickly. 46. The driver was the man ________ (from) room she had stolen the maps. 47. Every drop of tears, every moan out of pain and every cry for help _______ (be) like knife cutting deep into my heart. 48. _________ (remain) three chapters before I finish the book. 三、改错题(本大题共12小题，每小题1分，共12分) Correct one error in each of the following sentences. 49. He bought two newly published childrens’ books for his son. 50. He would tell the truth when they killed him. 51. When I entered his office, he didn’t say a word, nor did he raise his head, as if I am in visible. 40 52. ---Would you write to me as soon as you arrive? ---Yes, I would 53. The West Indies, apart from the Bahamas, are commonly divided into two parts. 54. Are you going to buy all these rice? 55. You can’t help but to respect them. 56. Running into the room, a rug caught her foot and she fell. 57. When planting these flowers, care must be taken not to damage the roots. 58. Give him an inch, or he’ll take a mile. 59. The vessel, with its entire crew and cargo, were lost. 60. Not a single article he bought in that department store. 四、改写句子(本大题共12小题，每小题2分，共24分) Rewrite the following sentences as required 61. Adding a suitable tag to the following statement: Tony rarely has his room cleaned 62. Turning the following statement into an exclamation: We’ve had such bad weather for a whole week. 63. Using a non-finite verb form: The last problem that must be considered at our next meeting is how to invest the money. 64. Combining the two sentences by using a relative clause: James Russell is a man. I have the greatest respect for him. 65. Combining the two sentences by using a conjunct: He is being a fool. He is behaving foolishly. 66. Using a disjunct: I will say frankly that I was rather impressed by his manner. 67. Using discontinuity: Many forms of apparatus by which a more accurate knowledge of blood pressure can be obtained have been devised 68. Using inversion: He had hardly finished his work when the telephone rang. 69. Using a modal auxiliary: It’s possible that our team will win the race. 70. Using whatever cohesive device is appropriate: The production increases as it has increased for the last few years. 71. Using whatever cohesive device is appropriate: John was the winner in 1999, and Bob was the winner in 2000. 72. Using subjunctive mood: It suffices to say that the open policy will remain unchanged 五、简答题(本大题共2小题，每小题4分.共8分) Answer the following questions. 73.How can we achieve specific reference (with examples)? 74.What are principles governing the subject-verb concord? Give your answer with examples. 全国2013年4月高等教育考试 英语语法试题 课程代码00831 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50