【跳出题海】高考地理复习(师生纠错)：“地形”错误辨析与试题研究(含答案)

【跳出 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 海】高考地理复习(师生纠错)：“地形”错误辨析与试题研究(含答案) “地形”错误辨析与试题研究 一、师生纠错 1(核心概念理解 地形、地貌与地势 ,1,地形是指地势高低起伏的变化～即地表的形态。一般从高低起伏、开阔闭塞、地貌组合等因素综合起来进行分类。常见陆地地形有五种～每种地形都有自己的海拔范围～如平原在200米以下～而高原多在1000米以上。 ,2,地貌指地表起伏的形态～侧重于从成因上来划分种类。主要有流水地貌、风力地貌、冰川地貌、海岸地貌等大类。每大类还可以细分～如流水地貌包括侵蚀地貌、沉积地貌,注意没有搬运地貌,。每种地貌都有其特定的地表特征 、演变规律。 ,3,地势是地表形态高低起伏、险峻的总体态势～包括地表形态的海拔、相对高差及坡度的陡缓等。 丹霞地貌与雅丹地貌 从成因看～二者都是外力侵蚀地貌,从名称看～一字之差～极易混淆。但是二者形成的背景不同:丹霞地貌分布在湿润地区～属流水侵蚀地貌。其形成过程是:沉积的红色砂砾岩、屑岩随地壳抬升后～被流水切割侵蚀～山坡崩塌后退～保留下来的红色岩层山块形成了丹霞地貌。而雅丹地貌分布在干旱地区～属风力侵蚀地貌。其形成过程是:早期沙漠里的基岩平台高地～基岩内有节理或裂隙发育～昼夜温差和偶尔的暴雨促进了风化。由于风的长期磨蚀作用～上部松散的岩层垮塌而成陡壁～形成雅丹地貌。 地质构造与构造地貌 地壳变动引起岩层倾斜、弯曲、断裂、错开～叫地质构造。由 此形成的地貌叫构造地貌。地质构造是地壳运动的痕迹在地层中的 保留～构造地貌是岩层运动后的地表形态。如岩层弯曲后形成 褶皱 构造～构造地貌上表现为褶皱山,岩层断开并错位形成的地质构造 叫断层～地表上的构造地貌常为沟谷、洼地。 2(思维误区分析 【问题1】下图为某地区等高线地形图，简述该地区的地形特 点。 误区:地形特点与地势特点的描述相同。 summer of masonry construction, brick requires sufficient moist. 8.6.2.6 you must take the following measures to concrete construction in summer high temperature impact on concrete a. hardening speed up, vibrating difficulties reduced bleeding, fast drying, easy to crack (plastic), high early strength, fast early hydration heat, less cooling, temperature increases rapidly, due to temperature difference cracks. B. pouring daytime high temperatures, due to the high temperature effect of concrete strength, stability, in varying degrees, on mixing processes, perfusion vibration and moisture conservation, effective measures should be taken. 2) main measures taken by a. temperature control the water temperature in your standard mix proportion of concrete 2 degrees, the concrete temperature 0.5 degrees. B. with the controlled addition of retarder agent can reduce the effects of concrete under high temperature, but make some performance degradation of concrete, so when you are using additives must be implemented upon approval by the supervising engineer. C. time control suitable for work at night, should seek to reduce the mixing time and shipping time at high temperatures. D. strengthen the conservation and high temperatures after pouring in the early days of continuous water conservation to prevent surface drying and covering thin-film wet grass bag to make it moist State in 24 hours. 8.6.3 8.6.3.1 winter construction measures in winter construction preparation 1) required winter construction materials, equipment, planning ahead of time comes into 矫正 : 地形特点指该区域中的地 形种 类、分布、海拔 、地势起伏、地貌类型等 ;地势特点指地表高低起伏的总体 态势 ，属于地形特点范畴 。该题的答案是 :低山丘陵为主，平原面积狭小;地势中、东部高，西部低。 拓展:描述地形特征有四个部分: ,1,地势特点,海拔高度、地势高低起伏,, ,2,地形类型构成,由哪些地形组成、哪几种为主,, ,3,主要地形类型的分布, ,4,有特色或典型的地貌形态。如我国的地形特点:西高东低～呈阶梯状分布,形态多样～山区面积广大,山脉纵横～定向排列明显。而我国的地势特征:西高东低～呈三级阶梯。 【问题2】对右图中的信息，解读正确的是 A (P处岩层受挤压隆起成山 B (Q处 岩层因岩浆活动拱起 C(?处岩石的年代比Q处老 D(?岩石的形成属外力作用 误区:判断地质构造只看 地貌形态而不看岩层分布状态。 矫正:判断地质构造类型的关键是岩层分布状态。图中P处是外力侵蚀后的向斜山，Q处是岩层受挤压弯曲形成的背斜。由岩浆的侵入可判断?处岩石的年代比Q处新。?岩石所属类型是沉积岩，是由早期的外力作用形成的。所以答案为D。 拓展:已被侵蚀的地貌～ 可根据地层“中间老～两翼新”的是背斜～“中间新～两翼老”的是向斜来判断。油、气与水常在同一沉积层～油、气比重轻～常聚集在背斜顶部～水则聚集在向斜槽部。 3(教学诊断研究 ,1,基础不牢～地动山摇。课改区直接考查初中地理知识的试题很少～但初中是高中的基础。地图、各大洲地形、地势及地质成因～主要国家地形概况等知识是掌握本部分内容的基础。 ,2,概念不清～答题犯晕。本专题中的专业地理名词较多～但因高考一般不直接考查概念～导致平时教学中教师重视不够～概念容易混淆～理解有偏差～经常答非所问。如地形与地貌、地形与地势的区别等。 ,3,转换不熟悉～图物两张皮。等高线图是本专题部分的重要内容～也是各地高考的重点～但平时教学时没有训练学生将等高线图与实际地形、地物熟练地进行转化。 二、专题讲解 1(高考分析 高考对地形部分的考查范 围较广，各地试卷均涉及到，所占分值也较大，命题的方向主要有: summer of masonry construction, brick requires sufficient moist. 8.6.2.6 you must take the following measures to concrete construction in summer high temperature impact on concrete a. hardening speed up, vibrating difficulties reduced bleeding, fast drying, easy to crack (plastic), high early strength, fast early hydration heat, less cooling, temperature increases rapidly, due to temperature difference cracks. B. pouring daytime high temperatures, due to the high temperature effect of concrete strength, stability, in varying degrees, on mixing processes, perfusion vibration and moisture conservation, effective measures should be taken. 2) main measures taken by a. temperature control the water temperature in your standard mix proportion of concrete 2 degrees, the concrete temperature 0.5 degrees. B. with the controlled addition of retarder agent can reduce the effects of concrete under high temperature, but make some performance degradation of concrete, so when you are using additives must be implemented upon approval by the supervising engineer. C. time control suitable for work at night, should seek to reduce the mixing time and shipping time at high temperatures. D. strengthen the conservation and high temperatures after pouring in the early days of continuous water conservation to prevent surface drying and covering thin-film wet grass bag to make it moist State in 24 hours. 8.6.3 8.6.3.1 winter construction measures in winter construction preparation 1) required winter construction materials, equipment, planning ahead of time comes into 世纪金榜 圆您梦想 www.jb1000.com ,1,以地形、地貌的景观图片为情景 材料 关于××同志的政审材料调查表环保先进个人材料国家普通话测试材料农民专业合作社注销四查四问剖析材料 ～考查地形分布、地貌种类、地貌形成原因、地质循环、地球圈层构造等内容。 ,2,通过等高线图判读地貌类型、小区域气候特点、农业布局、工程建设、景点情况、陡崖高度等。此类问题要结合地图和其它地理 的相关知识才能很好解 ,3,以经纬网图或区域轮廓图为背景～隐含考查区域内的地形分布～以此为背景～进而考查其它地理知识。如地形对气候、河流、交通、旅游等的影响～包括水能开发、流域整治、可持续发展等。 ,4,以某一地质灾害为背景～考查地质作用、灾害的形成原因、造成的危害及灾害防治。如日本福岛海啸、火山爆发等。 2(内容整合 (1)等高线特点 等高线的数值特点:?同线等高～相邻两 条等高线的高差为一个等 高 距 或 为 0 。 ?曲线闭合。等高线无论怎样迂回曲折～终必环绕成圈。但因图幅所限～一幅图上的外围等高线不一定闭合。 大于大的 ～ 小于小的。如图～P区域中各处海拔低于400米,Q区域? 内各处海拔高于600米。 ?除陡崖外～等高线不相交。因为同一地点不可能有两个高度。 ?0米线表示海岸线,4000米以上反映青藏高原或高山的特征。 等高线形状与地形的关系:?高凸为谷。 等高线穿过山谷线时～向上游弯曲成倒V字形～中部海拔较两侧低～此处为集水区～易发育成河流。 ?低凸为脊。等高线穿过山脊线时～向低处凸～呈V字型～中部海拔较两侧高～此处为分水岭。 ?由一对表示山谷与一对表示山脊的等高线组成的地形部位为鞍部。鞍部两侧等高线闭合～数值对称～也叫山的垭口。 ?几条等高线相交处为陡崖。 (2)等高线地形图与区位选择 ?选“点”:水库的坝址应建在等高线密 集的河流峡谷或盆地、洼地的出口处(工程量小)，且要避开断层、喀斯特地貌等(安全);气象站应建在坡度适中，地面较开阔的地方;疗养地应建在地势坡度较缓、气候适宜、空气清新的地方;港口码头的位置应选在等深线较密(港阔水深)且避风的海湾，避开含沙量大、航道易淤塞的河流。 ?选“线”: 山区建公路要利用地形地势，尽量与等高线平行，以减少坡度，翻山时应选择缓坡，并通过鞍部;充分考虑路线的长度、坡度、少过河建桥;避免通过断崖、沙漠、沼泽、冻土及地下溶洞区等。summer of masonry construction, brick requires sufficient moist. 8.6.2.6 you must take the following measures to concrete const第3页(共11页) ruction in summer high temperature impact on concrete a. hardening speed up, vibrating difficulties reduced bleeding, fast dryi山东世纪金榜科教文化股份有限公司ng, easy to crack (plastic), high early strength, fast early hydration heat, less cooling, temperature increases rapidly, due t o temperature difference cracks. B. pouring daytime high temperatures, due to the high temperature effect of concrete strength, stability, in varying degrees, on mixing processes, perfusion vibration and moisture conservation, effective measures should be taken. 2) main measures taken by a. temperature control the water temperature in your standard mix proportion of concrete 2 degrees, the concrete temperature 0.5 degrees. B. with the controlled addition of retarder agent can reduce the effects of concrete under high temperature, but make some performance degradation of concrete, so when you are using additives must be implemented upon approval by the supervising engineer. C. time control suitable for work at night, should seek to reduce the mixing time and shipping time at high temperatures. D. strengthen the conservation and high temperatures after pouring in the early days of continuous water conservation to prevent surface drying and covering thin-film wet grass bag to make it moist State in 24 hours. 8.6.3 8.6.3.1 winter construction measures in winter construction preparation 1) required winter construction materials, equipment, planning ahead of time comes into 引水线路应遵循从地势高处向地势低处的 原则 组织架构调整原则组织架构设计原则组织架构设置原则财政预算编制原则问卷调查设计原则 。输油管道的选择，路线尽可能短，尽量避免通过山脉、大河等。 ?选“面”:水库库区宜选在河 谷、山谷地区或“口袋形”的洼地、小盆地，这些地区不仅库容大，而且有较大的集水区域，来水量大;开辟梯田应选择在坡度平缓，不易被淹没的地区;居民区应建在向阳坡，上风向，河的上游;浴场多选择在海滨缓坡沙岸。 (3)依据等高线地形图判断地理事物 ?判断河流水文:由山谷的分布 ，判断河流的位置及流向;河流上游海拔高，下游海拔低。 由等高线的疏密判断落差、流速和水能蕴藏量。 ?判断农业生产:根据等高线地 形图反映出来的地形类型、地势起伏、坡度缓急等，结合气候和水源条件，可以判断农林牧渔业布局是否合理。如平原地区发展耕作业，山地、丘陵地区发展林业、畜牧业。 (4)岩石圈与板块活动 岩石圈由六大板块组成。板块漂 浮在软流层上相对运动，构成了全球的基本面貌。 板块内部地壳较稳定，交界处地壳活动。板块边缘有生长边界和消亡边界两种。 ?板块生长边界:板块间张裂，形成裂谷(如东非大裂谷)、海洋(如红海、大西洋、印度洋)、海岭(大洋中脊)等。 ?板块消亡边界:板块间相互挤 压。大洋板块与大陆板块碰撞，形成海沟(如马里亚纳海沟)、岛弧链(如西太平洋岛弧链)、海岸山脉(如科迪勒拉山系);大陆板块与大陆板块碰撞，形成巨大的褶皱山系(如喜马拉雅山脉、阿尔卑斯山脉)。全球消亡边界主要有两条:环太平洋带，地中海-喜马拉雅带，全球高大山脉基本上位于此地。这里也是全球最主要的两大地震带，火山、地热集中，海啸多发。 (5)部分特殊地形单元的成因 刚果盆地(四川盆地)原是内陆湖，后经地壳抬升，河流下切，湖水外泻而 成;死 海(贝加尔 湖、坦噶尼喀湖、汾河谷地、渭河谷地)是因内力作用导致断裂陷落;北美五大淡水湖和欧洲峡湾地形、湖泊是冰川作用的结果;庐山、华山、泰山属于断块山;东欧平原是冰川堆积的结果，所以地表呈波浪状，并且土壤不肥沃;南极大陆有丰富煤炭，北极地区埋藏了丰富的石油， 说明 关于失联党员情况说明岗位说明总经理岗位说明书会计岗位说明书行政主管岗位说明书 南、北极地区曾经位于温暖湿润的地区，森林茂密，后经大陆漂移至此，这是板块构造学说的有力佐证。 (6)河流地貌的分布 ?河流侵蚀地貌 沉积地貌 分布 形成原因 地貌特点 冲积扇 山前 水流出谷口，地势平缓，流速放慢，搬运的物以谷口为顶点呈扇形。 质堆积，形成洪积扇。 summer of masonry construction, brick requires sufficient moist. 8.6.2.6 you must take the following measures to concrete construction in summer high temperature impact on concrete a. hardening speed up, vibrating difficulties reduced bleeding, fast drying, easy to crack (plastic), high early strength, fast early hydration heat, less cooling, temperature increases rapidly, due to temperature difference cracks. B. pouring daytime high temperatures, due to the high temperature effect of concrete strength, stability, in varying degrees, on mixing processes, perfusion vibration and moisture conservation, effective measures should be taken. 2) main measures taken by a. temperature control the water temperature in your standard mix proportion of concrete 2 degrees, the concrete temperature 0.5 degrees. B. with the controlled addition of retarder agent can reduce the effects of concrete under high temperature, but make some performance degradation of concrete, so when you are using additives must be implemented upon approval by the supervising engineer. C. time control suitable for work at night, should seek to reduce the mixing time and shipping time at high temperatures. D. strengthen the conservation and high temperatures after pouring in the early days of continuous water conservation to prevent surface drying and covering thin-film wet grass bag to make it moist State in 24 hours. 8.6.3 8.6.3.1 winter construction measures in winter construction preparation 1) required winter construction materials, equipment, planning ahead of time comes into 世纪金榜 圆您梦想 www.jb1000.com 冲积平原 中下游 水速减慢，泥沙沉积成河漫滩 ， 或洪水沉积 地势平坦宽广。 成洪积平原。 三角洲 入海口处 河流入海口，流速减慢，加上海潮顶托，泥沙地势低洼 ，河网稠密。 堆积形成三角洲。 3(方法点拔 (1)地形类型判读 第一步看等高线形状。等高线平直，则可能是平原地形或高原地形，等高线闭合，则可能是丘陵、山地或盆地;第二步看等高线的注记，平直等高线注记200米以下的地形可能为平原，500米以上的可能为高原;闭合等高线注记内低外高的地 形为盆地或洼地;外低内高，等高线较密集，且在200,500米之间的地形为丘陵，500米以上，等高线较密集的地形为山地。在剖面图中判读地形类型，一定要看剖面形状和对应的海拔高度，可参照上述方法判断。 (2)山脊、山谷的判断 山脊线与山谷线是等高线 地形图上很重要且易弄错的信息，它是进一步解答题目的基础。有两种方法【横向比较和纵向比较——注】可以进行区别: ?山脊部位等高线向低处 凸出(低凸为脊)，山谷部位等高线向高处凸出(高凸为谷)。 【纵向比较——注】 ?内部等高线海拔高，外围海拔低，即“内高外 低”为山脊;外围等高线海拔高，内部海拔低，即“外高内低”为山谷。【横向比较——注】 (3)判别两点间可否通视 ?等高线“上密下疏”为 凹形坡，可通视;等高线“上疏下密”为凸形坡，不可通视。 ?由观察点向目标点划直线，直线没有被任何地物(如山脊、山顶、房屋等)所切断，表示通视良好，否则不能。但要注意题中要求，分析 图中要求是仰视还是俯视，注意陡坡下方附近的地点可能不能通视。 (4)前因后果联系法 summer of masonry construction, brick requires sufficient moist. 8.6.2.6 you must take the following measures to concrete const第5页(共11页) ruction in summer high temperature impact on concrete a. hardening speed up, vibrating difficulties reduced bleeding, fast dryi山东世纪金榜科教文化股份有限公司ng, easy to crack (plastic), high early strength, fast early hydration heat, less cooling, temperature increases rapidly, due t o temperature difference cracks. B. pouring daytime high temperatures, due to the high temperature effect of concrete strength, stability, in varying degrees, on mixing processes, perfusion vibration and moisture conservation, effective measures should be taken. 2) main measures taken by a. temperature control the water temperature in your standard mix proportion of concrete 2 degrees, the concrete temperature 0.5 degrees. B. with the controlled addition of retarder agent can reduce the effects of concrete under high temperature, but make some performance degradation of concrete, so when you are using additives must be implemented upon approval by the supervising engineer. C. time control suitable for work at night, should seek to reduce the mixing time and shipping time at high temperatures. D. strengthen the conservation and high temperatures after pouring in the early days of continuous water conservation to prevent surface drying and covering thin-film wet grass bag to make it moist State in 24 hours. 8.6.3 8.6.3.1 winter construction measures in winter construction preparation 1) required winter construction materials, equipment, planning ahead of time comes into 比如:沉积地貌的上游必 然有侵蚀地貌，两者的关系在下图中得 到体现。图中a为风力侵蚀，b为风力搬运，c为流水搬运，d为流水沉 积作用。 (5)地质循环示意图的判读 如何快速 、准确地判断出图中的岩 石种类和岩浆的位置, 方法是:先找出岩浆，后确定岩浆岩，最后确定其它类岩石。这类 示意图无论怎样复杂或简化，只有一个箭头向外的位置必是岩浆，而岩 浆所指向的必然是岩浆岩。很明显，图中d为岩浆，b为岩浆岩。 (6)蝴蝶法求陡崖高度 陡崖相对高度的通用公式为 (,, ,)d? ,,(,， ,)d(N为通过陡崖 的等高 线条数 ，d为等高距)。但其取值范围会随情况不同而缩小，增加了使用的难度 ， 用“蝴蝶”法可化繁为简。如图，根据等高线图的基本知识，可知A、B两点的海拔范围。然后在数字上画“蝴蝶”，交叉相减，得出陡崖相对高度的范围。但要记住其最小值中总有等号。 三、试题研究 考点1:地壳物质循环及地表形态变化的内、外力因素 读下图～完成1，2题。 1 (组成该山体岩石的矿物直接来自 A(地表 B(地壳上部 C(地壳下部 D(地幔 2(在岩石圈物质循环过程中，该山体岩石在地球表层可转 换成 summer of masonry construction, brick requires sufficient moist. 8.6.2.6 you must take the following measures to concrete construction in summer high temperature impact on concrete a. hardening speed up, vibrating difficulties reduced bleeding, fast drying, easy to crack (plastic), high early strength, fast early hydration heat, less cooling, temperature increases rapidly, due to temperature difference cracks. B. pouring daytime high temperatures, due to the high temperature effect of concrete strength, stability, in varying degrees, on mixing processes, perfusion vibration and moisture conservation, effective measures should be taken. 2) main measures taken by a. temperature control the water temperature in your standard mix proportion of concrete 2 degrees, the concrete temperature 0.5 degrees. B. with the controlled addition of retarder agent can reduce the effects of concrete under high temperature, but make some performance degradation of concrete, so when you are using additives must be implemented upon approval by the supervising engineer. C. time control suitable for work at night, should seek to reduce the mixing time and shipping time at high temperatures. D. strengthen the conservation and high temperatures after pouring in the early days of continuous water conservation to prevent surface drying and covering thin-film wet grass bag to make it moist State in 24 hours. 8.6.3 8.6.3.1 winter construction measures in winter construction preparation 1) required winter construction materials, equipment, planning ahead of time comes into 世纪金榜 圆您梦想 www.jb1000.com A(喷出岩 B(侵入岩 C(沉积岩 D(变质岩 【误区分析】:第1题中岩浆来自于软流层，软流层的位置不清楚，加上前3个选项均是地壳部分，对学生干 扰较大。第2题误选A，没有抓住“在地球表层”。 【解题思路】:第1题着重考查岩浆来源。组成该山体岩石的矿物直接来自火山喷发中的岩浆冷凝，而岩浆来 自于上地幔顶部的软流层，因此岩浆仍属地幔部分。第,题，该山体的岩石的确为喷出岩，但在地表经外力作 用后，可转化为沉积岩。 【参考答案】:D C 考点2:各大洲地形、地势概况、主要国家地理概况 下图为某大洲地形剖面示意图～读图回答3题。 3(下列叙述正确的是 A(该剖面穿过的地形以山地为主 B(乙地所在国家工业集中分布在该国西部 C(该剖面走向为西北—东南向 D(乙地所在国农业集中分布在该国北部 【误区分析】: 随着新课程对空间定位和区域 地理知识的要求有所降低，各大洲地形、地势及主要国家的地理概况学生也不太清楚。 【解题思路】: 该题用南美洲地形剖面图考查 区域地理特征的判断、推理及巴西的工业、农业等。该剖面在南美洲自北向南依次经过了奥里诺科平原、圭亚那高原、亚马孙平原、巴西高原，穿过的地形区高原、平原相间summer of masonry construction, brick requires sufficient moist. 8.6.2.6 you must take the following measures to concrete const第7页(共11页) ruction in summer high temperature impact on concrete a. hardening speed up, vibrating difficulties reduced bleeding, fast dryi山东世纪金榜科教文化股份有限公司ng, easy to crack (plastic), high early strength, fast early hydration heat, less cooling, temperature increases rapidly, due t o temperature difference cracks. B. pouring daytime high temperatures, due to the high temperature effect of concrete strength, stability, in varying degrees, on mixing processes, perfusion vibration and moisture conservation, effective measures should be taken. 2) main measures taken by a. temperature control the water temperature in your standard mix proportion of concrete 2 degrees, the concrete temperature 0.5 degrees. B. with the controlled addition of retarder agent can reduce the effects of concrete under high temperature, but make some performance degradation of concrete, so when you are using additives must be implemented upon approval by the supervising engineer. C. time control suitable for work at night, should seek to reduce the mixing time and shipping time at high temperatures. D. strengthen the conservation and high temperatures after pouring in the early days of continuous water conservation to prevent surface drying and covering thin-film wet grass bag to make it moist State in 24 hours. 8.6.3 8.6.3.1 winter construction measures in winter construction preparation 1) required winter construction materials, equipment, planning ahead of time comes into 分布。巴西的工业集中东南沿海，热带经济作物集中分布在巴西高原东南，粮食作物主要分布在中西部的热带草原区。 【答案】: C 考点3:等高线地形图、地图 读下图～回答4~6题。 4(图示区域内最大高差可能为 A(50m B(55m C(60m D(65m 5(图中????附近河水流速最快的是 A(? B(? C(? D(? 6(在图示区域内拟建一座小型水库，设计坝高约13 m。若仅考虑地形因素，最适宜建坝处的坝顶长度约 A(15m B(40m C(90m D(65m 【误区分析】: 第4题将等高线与河流、交通线等线形地物混淆，数不清等高线的条数，也就判断不出最高和最低海拔数值。第6题确定不了建坝位置或找不出另一条50米等高线。 【解题思路】: 第4题，图中最高处海拔在80—85米之间，最低处海拔20—25米，所以最大高差接近65米，但未到65米。第5题，图中四处，?(而非?)处等高线最密集，高差最大，流速最快。第6题，题干要求坝高13米，仅从地形因素考虑，大坝顶端最高与50米等高线持平，不能超过50米等高线，由图例比例尺可知坝顶长约40米。 【答案】:C C B 四、漏洞扫描 summer of masonry construction, brick requires sufficient moist. 8.6.2.6 you must take the following measures to concrete construction in summer high temperature impact on concrete a. hardening speed up, vibrating difficulties reduced bleeding, fast drying, easy to crack (plastic), high early strength, fast early hydration heat, less cooling, temperature increases rapidly, due to temperature difference cracks. B. pouring daytime high temperatures, due to the high temperature effect of concrete strength, stability, in varying degrees, on mixing processes, perfusion vibration and moisture conservation, effective measures should be taken. 2) main measures taken by a. temperature control the water temperature in your standard mix proportion of concrete 2 degrees, the concrete temperature 0.5 degrees. B. with the controlled addition of retarder agent can reduce the effects of concrete under high temperature, but make some performance degradation of concrete, so when you are using additives must be implemented upon approval by the supervising engineer. C. time control suitable for work at night, should seek to reduce the mixing time and shipping time at high temperatures. D. strengthen the conservation and high temperatures after pouring in the early days of continuous water conservation to prevent surface drying and covering thin-film wet grass bag to make it moist State in 24 hours. 8.6.3 8.6.3.1 winter construction measures in winter construction preparation 1) required winter construction materials, equipment, planning ahead of time comes into 世纪金榜 圆您梦想 www.jb1000.com 1(下图中A处代表的地形名称是 A(喀斯特溶洞 B(冲积扇 C(新月形沙丘 D(火山口地貌 【解析】从图中能看出A处为山前一扇面地形～再根据两侧的河流及西北部较陡的山地～可判断A 为冲积扇。冲积扇主要是峡谷中的河流冲积泥沙在山前缓坡堆积的结果。 【答案】B 以下两幅图中～左图为两种地质现象示意图～右图为华北某地区等高线地形图。结合图文材料～回答 2，3题。 471 400 a 图例 300 等高线 山峰 房屋 200 d b c 2(发生左图所示两种地质现象共同的必要条件是 A(突发地震 B(坡度较大的山地 C(连降暴雨 D(地表堆积物较多 3(右图所示的四处房屋，阳光入射时间最长，且受左图所示地质灾害威胁最小的是 A(a B(b C(c D(d 4(有关图中三地的植被、岩层、地质构造及所受的外力作用的判断，正确的是 summer of masonry construction, brick requires sufficient moist. 8.6.2.6 you must take the following measures to concrete const第9页(共11页) ruction in summer high temperature impact on concrete a. hardening speed up, vibrating difficulties reduced bleeding, fast dryi山东世纪金榜科教文化股份有限公司ng, easy to crack (plastic), high early strength, fast early hydration heat, less cooling, temperature increases rapidly, due t o temperature difference cracks. B. pouring daytime high temperatures, due to the high temperature effect of concrete strength, stability, in varying degrees, on mixing processes, perfusion vibration and moisture conservation, effective measures should be taken. 2) main measures taken by a. temperature control the water temperature in your standard mix proportion of concrete 2 degrees, the concrete temperature 0.5 degrees. B. with the controlled addition of retarder agent can reduce the effects of concrete under high temperature, but make some performance degradation of concrete, so when you are using additives must be implemented upon approval by the supervising engineer. C. time control suitable for work at night, should seek to reduce the mixing time and shipping time at high temperatures. D. strengthen the conservation and high temperatures after pouring in the early days of continuous water conservation to prevent surface drying and covering thin-film wet grass bag to make it moist State in 24 hours. 8.6.3 8.6.3.1 winter construction measures in winter construction preparation 1) required winter construction materials, equipment, planning ahead of time comes into A(植被:植被不同主要体现了降水的差异 B(岩层:河床以下的基岩均为沉积岩 C(地质构造:分别是断层、背斜和向斜 D(所受外力:分别是冰川侵蚀、流水侵蚀、流水堆积 【答案】:B 5(如果对该条河流流域进行开发，叙述正确的是 A(A处地势高，可以修建大型水库以开发水能资源 B(B 处是储油构造，一定能够开发出油气资源 C(C 处以下河段流量较大，可考虑开发水能资源 D(流域的自然背景决定了其开发方向和利用方式 【答案】:D 下图是沿106.5?E的地形剖面及相关气候资料图～据图判断6，8题。 6(图中山地?年降水量最多处位于 A(山顶2900米处 B(南坡海拔2200米处 C(南坡海拔2600米处 D(北坡海拔2100米处 【答案】:B summer of masonry construction, brick requires sufficient moist. 8.6.2.6 you must take the following measures to concrete construction in summer high temperature impact on concrete a. hardening speed up, vibrating difficulties reduced bleeding, fast drying, easy to crack (plastic), high early strength, fast early hydration heat, less cooling, temperature increases rapidly, due to temperature difference cracks. B. pouring daytime high temperatures, due to the high temperature effect of concrete strength, stability, in varying degrees, on mixing processes, perfusion vibration and moisture conservation, effective measures should be taken. 2) main measures taken by a. temperature control the water temperature in your standard mix proportion of concrete 2 degrees, the concrete temperature 0.5 degrees. B. with the controlled addition of retarder agent can reduce the effects of concrete under high temperature, but make some performance degradation of concrete, so when you are using additives must be implemented upon approval by the supervising engineer. C. time control suitable for work at night, should seek to reduce the mixing time and shipping time at high temperatures. D. strengthen the conservation and high temperatures after pouring in the early days of continuous water conservation to prevent surface drying and covering thin-film wet grass bag to make it moist State in 24 hours. 8.6.3 8.6.3.1 winter construction measures in winter construction preparation 1) required winter construction materials, equipment, planning ahead of time comes into 世纪金榜 圆您梦想 www.jb1000.com 7(图中?地的气温年较差约为 A(10? B(20? C(30? D(40? 【答案】:C 8(一月，?地气温高于?地的原因除纬度因素外，主要是因为?地 A(海拔较低 B(受夏季风影响较大 C(森林覆盖率高 D(受冬季风影响较小 【答案】:D 读某地区规划示意图，回答9—10题。 9(图中d处的地貌类型是 。形成此地貌的原因是 。 10(该地区准备修建a村到b村的公路，较为合理的是图中?、?两个 方案 气瓶 现场处置方案 .pdf气瓶 现场处置方案 .doc见习基地管理方案.doc关于群访事件的化解方案建筑工地扬尘治理专项方案下载 中的 。相比另一方案， 这一方案的优势是 。 11(河流I、?相比，开发航运潜力更大的是 。此河流开发航运的有利条件有 。 【答案】9(河口三角洲 河流入海口处流速减慢，泥沙沉积。 10(? 线路?沿谷地修建，地势平坦，难度小，成本较低。? 11(? 河流?中下游河道宽，通航里程长，并且能够实现河、海联运 summer of masonry construction, brick requires sufficient moist. 8.6.2.6 you must take the following measures to concrete const第11页(共11页) ruction in summer high temperature impact on concrete a. hardening speed up, vibrating difficulties reduced bleeding, fast dryi山东世纪金榜科教文化股份有限公司ng, easy to crack (plastic), high early strength, fast early hydration heat, less cooling, temperature increases rapidly, due t o temperature difference cracks. B. pouring daytime high temperatures, due to the high temperature effect of concrete strength, stability, in varying degrees, on mixing processes, perfusion vibration and moisture conservation, effective measures should be taken. 2) main measures taken by a. temperature control the water temperature in your standard mix proportion of concrete 2 degrees, the concrete temperature 0.5 degrees. B. with the controlled addition of retarder agent can reduce the effects of concrete under high temperature, but make some performance degradation of concrete, so when you are using additives must be implemented upon approval by the supervising engineer. C. time control suitable for work at night, should seek to reduce the mixing time and shipping time at high temperatures. D. strengthen the conservation and high temperatures after pouring in the early days of continuous water conservation to prevent surface drying and covering thin-film wet grass bag to make it moist State in 24 hours. 8.6.3 8.6.3.1 winter construction measures in winter construction preparation 1) required winter construction materials, equipment, planning ahead of time comes into