2011年全国中考英语真题汇编：完成表格型

2011年全国中考英语真 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 汇编：完成 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 格型 2011年全国中考英语真题汇编:完成表格型 【2011广西北海】八、任务型阅读 (本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) Some birthday customs are quite similar in many parts of the world---- birthday candles(蜡烛), birthday games，and birthday cakes. But some customs are more specific to certain countries. Here are some children talking about their customs. Linda---I am fourteen. I come from Aruba. In our country, Children take something special to school for their classmates and all teachers. Each teacher gives the birthday child a small gift like a pencil, an eraser or a postcard. The birthday child is also allowed to wear special clothes instead of the school uniform. Lucy---I am one year older than Linda. Denmark is my country. A flag is flown outside a window to show that someone who lives in that house is having a birthday. Presents are placed around the child's bed while they are sleeping so they will see them at once when they wake up. Tom---I am as old as Linda. I am from Brazil. The birthday child receives a pull on the earlobe(耳垂) for each year in my country. The birthday person also gives the first slice of cake to his/her most special friend or relative, usually mom or dad. 根据短文，完成下面表格，每空不超过4个单词，并将其答案写在答题卡中相应 题号的横线上。 Names Countries Ages Special customs Aruba Linda Each teacher receives something special Fourteen from (96)._________ and gives him or her a small gift. Lucy Denmark (97)________ If you see (98)________ flying outside a window, you may know someone in that house is having a birthday Tom (100)_________ of the birthday cake is usually (99)______ Fourteen given to Mom or Dad. 答案:96. his/her students 97. 15/Fifteen 98. a flag 99. Brazil 100. The first slice 【2011连云港】七、任务型阅读(共6小题;每小题1分，满分6分) 请认真阅读下面短文，在短文后表格中的空白处填上适当的单词(注意:每空1个 单词)。 If you think you are too shy and want to be a little bit braver, just try the following things: 1 Be open to others. Tell people you are shy. There is no need to hide it. When they get to know you are a shy kid, they will understand you better. This also helps you feel more comfortable in talks. Try to smile more. When you smile, people think you are friendly and easy to talk with. Remember that other people have feelings, too; and most people will stay away from an angry-looking face. Learn to be a good talker. If you find it hard to start a conversation, say something nice about people around you. Think about how great you feel when someone says something nice to you. Doesn’t it make you want to keep talking to that person? Get your attention elsewhere. Think more about ways to enjoy parties or games. Don’t waste time worrying about your look or whether people like you or not. You will become relaxed and find it’s not so hard to talk with others. Take one small step at a time. Each time when you say “Hi!” or smile at someone, say to yourself “You can make it.” Keep trying and one day you’ll never feel shy when you talk to others. Title: Advice on 72 to be a little braver Advice Reasons If you tell people you are shy, they will Don’t 73 the fact. understand you better. Smile more. People don’t 74 the one with an angry-looking face. Start a conversation with 75 words. People will feel great and want to talk to you. Pay more attention to ways to enjoy You will become relaxed. 76 or games. Encourage yourself to say “Hi!” or Keep doing this and you’ll be braver to talk to smile at someone. others 77 the future. 【主旨大意】本文介绍了害羞的人如何变得更勇敢一点的方法。 72. how 73.hide 74.like/love 75.nice/good 76.parties 77.in 2 【2011清远】A( 信息归纳(共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) Last Tuesday, a little girl died after eating some fried chicken. Her father bought the chicken for her from a street seller in Fenzhuang Village, Fengtai,Beijing. After testing the girl, the doctor said she was poisoned (中毒) by nitrites (亚硝酸盐). Some experts suggest that we should buy foods with QS signs. They are safer. After hearing about the accident, many people feel more worried about the food safety because there have been many food safety problems in our country these years. For example, poisonous(有毒的) rice, oil, milk and so on have been found out recently. People feel quite afraid because these poisonous foods are rather bad for their health and even kill them. They want the government to do something to stop such poisonous foods and drinks appearing again so that they can have safe and healthy foods and drinks. Information Card 81. The little girl died after she ate __________. 82. Some experts suggest that we should buy foods with __________. 83 Many people feel _______ about the food safety after hearing about the accident. 84. The poisonous foods are _________ for people's health and even kill them. 85. The people want __________ stop such poisonous foods and drinks appearing again. 【主旨大意】本文讲述了一个小女孩死于吃了含亚硝酸盐的炸鸡，引起社会关注食品安 全。 81.some fried chicken 82. QS signs 83.more worried 84.rather bad 85.the government to do something to 【2011内蒙古包头】A(阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，补全表格中所缺的信息。 Many kinds of birds live in the United States, but the number of the birds is becoming smaller every year. One of the leading reasons is the growing number of pet cats. By keeping your pet cats in your home, you can help give birds a better possible chance to live. 3 Of the 90 million pet cats in this country, about two—thirds are allowed to go outside. It is said that these cats kill hundreds of millions of birds each year, as well as billions of small animals such as rabbits and field mice. They can also bring illness to the animals that live in people's yard(院子), further weakening the health of the natural populations. Allowing pet cats to go outside is not just bad for birds and wildlife, it's also bad for the cats themselves. Outdoor cats can get sick very easily. They are in danger from traffic and attacks (攻击) from other animals. In fact, outdoor cats usually don't live past the age of five, while indoor cats often live to be 17 or older. Keep your pet cat inside! If you raise a young cat, it's your duty to let it play inside. Problem The number of birds is becoming 91._______; at the same time, many pet cats are in 92.______ from traffic and attacks from other animals. Reason for the Pet cats are 93._______to go outside freely problem People who 94._______a young cat have the 95. ______ to let it play What to do inside. 91. smaller 92. danger 93. allowed 94. raise 95. duty (2011四川资阳)第六部分 任务型阅读(共5小题;每小题2分，满 分10分) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，补全表格中所缺的信息。每空最多填写三个单词。 The idea of Mother’s Day is a very old idea. It was started by the ancient Egyptians (埃 及人),who celebrated(庆祝) a day to honour (向„„表示敬意) Isis, the mother of the pharaohs. The early Christians(基督教徒) celebrated a day to honour Mary, the mother of Jesus. Later, English Christians celebrated to honour all mothers. This English holiday was called “Mothering Sunday”.When the English came to America, they did not have time for Mothering Sunday, so the holiday was not celebrated in America. In 1914,the 4 U.S passed a law which designated(规定) the second Sunday in May as Mother’s Day to honour the mothers who had lost sons in war. Today, Mother’s Day is celebrated in many other countries for all mothers. In Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Mother’s Day is celebrated on the same day as in the United States—the second Sunday in May. Children give their mothers cards, gifts, and flowers. Schools plan Mother’s Day’s special activities. In China, the holiday is celebrated to show the respect(尊重) the Chinese have for the old people, and the love they have for their parents. Ten top mothers are chosen by the government. People all over the country try different ways to help mothers who are poor. (81)_______________________ People/County Who to Honour Activities in Egyptians Isis ancient early Mary times Christians the English all mothers later mothers who had lost sons the U.S (82)_______________ in war give mothers cards, gifts, Canada, and all mothers Australia, etc flowers;(83)____________ now (84)_____________; choose ten top mothers; China parents (85)_______________ 【主旨大意】本文介绍了母亲节的由来，发展以及今天母亲节在中国和其他国家的庆祝 情况。 81.The Mother’s Day 82. passed a law 83. school’s special activities 84. the old people 5 85. help poor mother 【2011天津】阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成表格。 An American named Crum invented potato chips in 1853, although that was not his intention(意图). He was a chef at a beautiful restaurant in Saratoga Springs, New York. A regular dish on the menu was fried(油炸的) potatoes, which was an idea that had started in France. At that time, French fried potatoes were cut into thick slices(片). One day, a dinner guest at the restaurant sent back his fried potatoes to the chef because he did not like them so thick. So Mr Crum cut the potatoes a little thinner and fried them. The guest did not like those either. That made Mr Crum angry, so he thought he would just show the man. He sliced the potatoes paper-thin and fried them, thinking that the man would say nothing about it. However, to his surprise, the man loved the thin potatoes very much. Other guests tried them and also liked them. So, Mr Crum’s potato chips were added to the menu. They called Saratoga Chips. Finally, Mr Crum opened his own restaurant to sell his famous chips. Now potato chips are packaged (包装)and sold in stores. Who invented 76 ? 77 was an American chef at a restaurant. A dinner guest 78 his fried potatoes to the chef because they were so thick. The chef was probably glad in the end because 79 . Now potato chips are packaged and also sold 80 . 文章大意:本文是一片记叙文，讲述了炸土豆条的发明过程。它由一名厨师偶然发明的， 很快受到欢迎。 76. potato chips 整体理解题 通读全文可知，本文就是讲的炸土豆条的发明经过。 77. Crum 细节理解题 文章开头就告诉我们一个叫Crum的美国人发明了炸土豆条， 他是一名厨师。 78. sent back 细节理解题 从文章的第二段的第一句 “One day, a dinner guest at the restaurant sent back his fried potatoes to the chef because he did not like them so thick.”可知答案。 6 79. He opened his own restaurant to sell chips. 推理判断题 从文中最后一段的 “Finally, Mr Crum opened his own restaurant to sell his famous chips.”推断厨师可能 很高兴。 80. in stores 细节理解题 从文章最后一句 “Now potato chips are packaged (包装) and sold in stores.”可得出答案。 【2011湖南湘潭 完成表格型】第五节 阅读短文，然后在下面的表格中完成内容提要， 每空不超过3个单词。,共4个小题，每小题2分, New Energy in the Twenty-first Century Energy from the wind Wind is a kind of clean energy, and there is lots of it, But, if there's no wind, there is no wind energy. Energy from the water When water moves from a high place to a lower place, it can make electricity(电,without pollution. However, people have to build dams(水坝) to use this energy, and building dams is very expensive. Energy from the earth There is heat in the rocks under the earth. Scientists use the heat to make geothermal(地热的)energy. This kind of energy is cheap, but it is only possible in a few places in the world. Energy from the sun 7 Solar panels (太阳电池板) on the roofs of houses can turn energy from the sun into electricity. Solar power is clean and plentiful(丰富的).but when the weather is bad, It doesn't work. New Energy in Twenty-first Century Advantages Disadvantages Wind Energy Clean .There is a lot. It needs (57) Water Energy (58) It is expensive. Geothermal Energy (59) only possible in a few places Solar Energy Clean and plentiful. It depends too much on (60) 57 wind 58. No pollution 59 Cheap 60. (fine) weather 【2011本溪】Most of you have at least one email account(账户).It is important to keep it safe. If someone broke into it, they could get your personal information, and also send useless messages through your email account. Then how to keep an email account safe? Here are some important tips(提示). ?Change your password(密码) from time to time. ?Check for strange recent activity on your account. ?Check your mail settings(设置) to make sure your mail stays and goes where you want it to. 8 ?Be careful with messages that ask for your username or password. ?Don’t share your password with other websites. ?Keep secrets! Never tell anyone your password. If you do tell someone, change it as soon as possible. The passage mainly tells us 81 . If someone broke into your email account, you might lose 82 . ?You should change it 83 . Dealing with your password correctly ?You shouldn’t share it 84 . ?You can’t 85 . 书 关于书的成语关于读书的排比句社区图书漂流公约怎么写关于读书的小报汉书pdf 面表达 81. how to keep an email account safe. 82. your personal information. 83. from time to time 84. with other websites. 【2011郴州】D) 摘录信息，阅读短文， 然后完成内容摘要。(共5小题，计10分) Sanya is in Hainan Province in southern China. It's still warm in winter. It's about 15? in the afternoon. Sanya has lovely beaches. The price of a hotel room is about 320 yuan a night. Harbin is in northern China. It's very Beijing is not very cold in winter. It's about -10?C. cold in It doesn't often rain or snow. Hotels usually cut winter, sometimes -30?. Tourists their prices in winter. About 200 yuan a night is need to wear warm clothes. There is an Ice and Snow Festival in winter. A enough. hotel room is about 230 yuan a night. 9 City Weather 61. of a hotel room Sanya It's still 62. in winter. About 320 yuan a night 63 . It' s very cold in winter. About 64 yuan a night Beijing It' s not very cold in winter. It doesn't often 65 . About 200 yuan a night 【主旨大意】本文介绍了三处旅行的好地方—三亚、哈尔滨和北京。文章从它们的地理 位置、气候、景观和住宿等方面作了详细说明。 61. Price / The price 归纳概括题。从该表格下方的内容可知答案为Price。 62. warm 细节理解题 由第一个表格中“It’s still warm in winter.”可知。 63. Harbin 推理判断题 由表格后面的内容可知答案为Harbin。 64. 230 细节理解题 由文中“A Hotel room is about 230 yuan a night”可知。 65. rain or snow 细节理解题 由文中“It doesn’t often rain or snow”可知。 【2011河源】请阅读下面有关希望工程帮助失学儿童的报道，根据所提供的信息， 完成信息卡。 Almost every child in cities has the chance to go to school,but not all children in the countryside are so luckly. There is a girl called Xiao Juan.She is ten years old and lives in a small village.When she was seven,she wanted to go to school.But she could not,because her family was too poor to afford the school fees(学费) for her,so her parents had to keep her at home.Instead of studying,Xiao Juan looked after her brother and worked in the fields every day.Then Hope Project heard about Xiao Juan.It agreed to help Xiao Juan to go to school.Her wish of study came true,and now she is studying in a school. Unluckily,there are many thousands of children who can not go to school.You can join in Hope Project and help these chilren.You know all the good work needs money.Hope Project needs yor help. If you give Hope Project ,300 each year,it can pay for one child to go school for a whole year.With more money,Hope Project can build new schools,buy good desks,chairs,blackboards and books.Let’s help the children together and give them a chance to have a good start in life. 10 Information Card The girl’s name (81)____________. Her age (82)____________. The place where she lives In a (83)____________. The reason she couldn’t go to school Her parents couldn't afford (84)___________. Who helped the girl to go to school? (85)____________. 81. Xiao Juan 82. ten years old 83. small village 84. the school fees 85. Hope Project 【2011贵州贵阳】A. 阅读短文，捕捉信息，根据短文内容完成表格，并将答案填写在 答题卡指定的位置。 A new study suggests that the more teenagers watch television, the more likely they are to develop depression (抑郁症) as young adults. The researchers used a national long-term survey of healthy young teenagers of about 13—16 to find out the relationship between media(媒体) use and depression. They based their findings on more than 4000 young teenagers who were not depressed when the survey began in 1995. As part of the survey, the young people were asked how many hours of television or videos they watched daily. They were also asked how often they played computer games and listened to the radio. Here was the result. The young people spent five and a half hours a day using media and more than 2 hours of that was spent watching TV. Seven years later, in 2001, more than 7% of the young people had signs of depression. The average age at that time was 21. Brian Primack at the University of Pittsburgh medical school was the lead author of the new study. He says every extra hour of television meant an 8% increase in the chances of developing signs of depression. The researchers say they did not find any such relationship with the use of other media such as movies, video games or radio. But the study did find that young men were more likely than young women to develop depression given the same amount of media use. 11 Doctor Primack says the study did not find out if watching TV causes depression directly. But one possibility, he says, is that it may take time away from activities that could help prevent depression, like sports and social activities. It might also prevent a person from sleeping well, he says, and that could have an influence. The study was just published in the Archives of General Psychiatry. In December, the journal Social Indicators Research published a study of activities that help lead to happy lives. Researchers from the University of Maryland found that people who describe themselves as happy spend less time watching television than unhappy people. The study found that happy people are more likely to be socially active, to read, attend social services and to vote. Process of the study Details To find out 96 between media use and The purpose of the research depression 97 was made among over 4000 young people At the beginning of the research who were not depressed. These young people spent five and a half hours a day The result of the survey in using media and they spent over 2 hours or that 98 Researchers found 7% of the young people had a Seven years later sign of depression. Every extra hour of watching TV meant an 8% increase in the chances of developing signs of depression. 1. Watching TV might have 99 and it may Results of the study take time away from activities and sports. 2. Young men get more chance than young women to develop depression. 3. The reason some people get depression is that 100 96.relationship 97 A survey 98.watching TV 99. help prevent depression 100 they spend more time watching television 12 【2011邵阳】E)阅读短文，根据短文内容，在表中填入相应信息。(每空不超过三个单 词。共5小题，每小题2分) A big earthquake happened in Japan in March, and it caused tsunami(海啸). Thousands of people died and millions of Japanese lost their homes. Do you know there is an earthquake every thirty seconds in the world? But don I worry because most of them arc so small that they cannot be felt. Only a few hurt people. Many earthquakes happen in China, too. Arc you ready for the next earthquake? We have some advice for you on how to keep safe in an earthquake. When the earthquake happens, protect yourself first. The life is the most important because where there is a life, there is hope. Don't go back to get your money or other things. If you are at home, hide under a desk. Stay away from windows because anything may fall on you. If you are outdoors, try to move away from buildings and streetlights. They may fall on you. If you are in a shop and far from the door, don't run outside. Everyone will run outside so that people may hurt each other. Hide under a desk. Don't get into a lift during an earthquake. If you are in a moving car, drive to the side of the road, stop as quickly as possible, and stay in the car. Do not try to drive across bridges. It’s dangerous. When an earthquake has ended, be careful because aftershocks(余震) may still happen. They are just as dangerous as the earthquakes, so stay under the desk until you think it is really safe for getting out. Make sure you wear shoes after an earthquake. There may be broken glass on the ground. Remember, these tips are very important. We should always hope for the best but prepare for the worst. 13 【主旨大意】 本文介绍了日本发生的地震海啸和核泄漏。以及应对地震财害的一些应急 措施 《全国民用建筑工程设计技术措施》规划•建筑•景观全国民用建筑工程设计技术措施》规划•建筑•景观软件质量保证措施下载工地伤害及预防措施下载关于贯彻落实的具体措施 。 61. earthquake 62. has ended 63. away from 64. in the car 65. safe 【2011浙江丽水】六、任务型阅读(共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分) 假设你和父母去纽约度假，阅读A、B、C三则房屋出租广告，完成阅读任务。 A(根据上述广告内容，填写信息表。 Ads A B C Price/ week $ 650 $ 800 76. $__________ Location (位置) In the country 77. __________ Near transportation 14 Bedrooms 78. __________ One Two B(从A、B、C三则广告中选出最适合你们的房子，并写出一条理由。 We will choose 79__________ because 80__________ 76. 400 77. near the city centre 78. Four 79. C 80. It is easy for my parents to go to work. 五、阅读填空(2011?南京) A 注意:每个空格只填一个单词。 What is a hurricane? You may already know that hurricanes are storms that can cause devastating(毁灭性的) waves, wind, and rain. They happen during “Hurricane Season,” which is from June 1st until November 30th in the Atlantic Ocean and from May 15th until November 30th in the Pacific Ocean. Categories(类别)of Hurricanes There are five categories of hurricanes, which are based on wind speeds. The categories help people know how much damage(危害) a hurricane may cause because the greater the wind speed, the more dangerous the storm. For example, a Category 5 hurricane has winds over 155 miles per hour, which are strong enough to destroy the buildings along the shorelines completely. Hurricane Dangers When a hurricane happens together with heavy rainfall, there can be a devastating flood. The centre of a hurricane is called the eye. While most of a hurricane has dangerously strong winds, the eye is actually(事实上) a calm area in the storm. When the eye of a hurricane passes over land, people might think that it’s over, but before long the wind and rain increase again as the second part of the hurricane moves through. Hurricane Safety Tips There is no way to stop a hurricane or make it change direction, so if you ever find yourself in the path of a hurricane, be sure to remember the following safety tips. ?Be sure you have a radio, batteries, fresh dinking water, and enough food. 15 ?Tell neighbours, friends, and family members your emergency plans. Tell them where you’ll go if you need to leave your home. ?If you live near the ocean, leave your home and travel to a safe place. You could stay with a friend or a family member, in a hotel/motel, or in an emergency shelter area. ?Stay inside during the storm. You could be seriously injured(受伤) if you go outside. Hurricanes CharacteristiHurricane Season usually 1 about 6 months in the Atlantic Ocean and 6.5 cs months in the Pacific Ocean. Devastating waves, wind, and rain are usually the 2 of hurricanes. Hurricanes have been 3 into five categories by scientists, based on wind Categories speeds. A Category 5 hurricane can destroy all the 4 along the shorelines. When a hurricane comes together with heavy rainfall, a terrible 6 may 5 happen. The eye is the 7 of a hurricane. Soon after it passes, the wind and rain increase again. Safety Tips It’s 8 to stop a hurricane or change its direction. Don’t 9 the safety tips if you find yourself in the path of a hurricane. Stay inside during the storm, 10 you could be seriously injured. 1. lasts 2. results 3. divided 4. buildings 5. Dangers 6. flood 7. centre/center 8. impossible 9. forget 10. or/otherwise 【2011四川内江】第一节 任务型阅读(本节5个小题，每小题2分，共10分) 阅读下列短文，完成短文后面的表格内容(各小题不超过5词) George Stephenson was born in 1781 in a poor family. He had to start work when he was only eight. When George was fourteen, he became his father's helper. He spent a lot of time learning about engines. On holidays, he often took engines into pieces and 16 studied each piece carefully. Soon he became a very good worker though he could not read or write. He began to learn the English letters when he was seventeen years old. Every day after he did twelve hours of hard work, he walked a long way to have lessons from a young teacher. On his eighteenth birthday, he wrote his own name for the first time in his life. George invented many things in his life. The train was the greatest one among them. Today when we watch or take trains from one place to another, we will think of this great man — George Stephenson. Great Inventor — 71.________________ In 72.________________ He started work. Inl795 He spent much time 73. ________________. In 1798 He began to learn the English letters. In 1799 He could 74. ________________ for the first time. In his life He invented many things, including 75.________________. Keys: 71. George Stephenson 72. 1789 73. learning about engines. 74. write his own name 75. the train (2011江苏宿迁)七、任务型阅读(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填写表格 (每空限填一词)。 How to beat sadness We all have days when we are down, tired and unhappy. That’s OK. You need days like this, or how would you know you are happy? You’ll enjoy your good days even more when you have a few bad days. Even if sadness is a part of life, let’s try to make it small. Here are a few simple ways to help you feel better when you are feeling sad. 1. Stand up straight and this helps your energy flow (流动). When your energy is flowing freely, you can flow too. 17 2. Smile! It’s easy to do and have good results. This way can not only leave you in a good mood but also bring others a good mood. 3. Listen to music. It can be your favourite music. Some kinds of music work better than others, so try and find out what kind of music works the best for you. 4. Take some “me” time. You can find pleasure in reading a book, watching a sunrise or having a hot bath, or something like that. 5. Exercise. Even something as simple as taking a walk will get your blood flowing. It is a great way to clear your mind of anything that makes you sad. These ways will cheer you up when you are down, but don’t just use them when you are sad. Try and practice them every day to make them a habit. You will be surprised to learn that these simple ways will keep your sadness away. But if you are in a deep depression (沮丧), go to see a doctor. Title: How to beat sadness Opinions ? It is OK to feel down, 76. ? and unhappy. ? It is possible to make sadness a small 77. ? of life. ? Stand up straight so that your 79. ? can flow freely. ? 80. ? at others because it can bring you and Simple 78. ? others a good mood. to cheer you up ? Listen to your 81. ? music because it works the best. ? 82. ? pleasure in everyday life, such as watching a sunrise. ? Takea walk and you can clear your 83. ? of sad things. Suggestions ? Try to make these simple ways a 84. ? . ? Go to see a 85. ? when you are in a deep depression. 18 答案:76. tired 77. part 78. ways 79. energy 80. Smile 81. favourite 82. Find 83. mind 84. habit 85. doctor 【2011 山东烟台】C Bill Gates is head of the software company Microsoft and one of the world’s richest men. He was born on October 28, 1955 and grew up in Seattle with his two sisters. He was a very bright boy. Science and math were his two favorite subjects at school. And he dreamed of being a scientist. Bill first started to play on computers at the age of 13. At that time, a computer was a very large machine. Once he was interested in a very old computer. He and some of his friends spent as much time as possible on computers. In the end, they worked out a software program. Bill sold it for 4,200 dollars when he was only 17. In 1973, Bill went to Harvard University. In 1975, Bill and his partners developed a software program called BASIC. This was not the first program ever created, but its inventors were the first to decide that people who wanted to use it should pay for it. BASIC was a success. Then Bill left Harvard to work for Microsoft, a company he started in 1975 with his boyhood friend Paul Allen. They thought the computer would come into every office and every home soon. So they began developing software for personal computers. They improved the software to make it easier for people to use computers. After many years of hard work, Microsoft becomes one of the most successful companies. And Bill Gates also becomes one of the richest businessmen in the world. 根据文章内容将信息卡补充完整。 Information about Bill Gates Date of birth: October 28, 1955 Official position: Head of Microsoft Dream job in the childhood: 66. _________________________ Thing first done in 1968: 67. ____________________________ Name of the software program: 68. ______________________ Reason for developing personal software: 69. _______________ 19 Achievements: 70. ____________________________________ 【主旨大意】本文介绍了著名的微软公司的创始人比尔盖茨。比尔在13岁开始接触电 脑，并立即对之产生了浓厚的兴趣，17岁赚了创业的第一桶金。1975年大学还未毕业 的比尔盖茨毅然放弃学业，和儿时好友保罗艾伦合作成立了微软公司，经过他们数十年 不懈的努力，微软公司获得了巨大的成功。 66. (a) scientist 解题思路:根据文章第一段最一句话“And he dreamed of being a scientist.”可以得到正确答案。 67. He/Bill (first ) started to play on computers./ starting to play on computers 解题思 路:文章第一段中的句子“He was born on October 28, 1955…”和第三段第一句话 “Bill first started to play on computers at the age of 13.”可以得到本题的正确答案。 68. (The name of the software programe is) Basic/ BASIC 解题思路:由第三段第二句 话“In 1975, Bill and his partners developed a software program called BASIC.”可得到 正确答案。 69. They thought the computer would come into every office and every home soon. 解题思路:由第三段的句子“They thought the computer would come into every office and every home soon. So they began developing software for personal computers.”可 以找到正确答案。 70. Microsoft becomes one of the most successful companies. (Bill Gates also becomes) one of the richest businessmen in the world. 解题思路:根据文章倒数第二段中的 句子“After many years of hard work, Microsoft becomes one of the most successful companies.”可得到正确答案。 五、【2011•扬州】任务型阅读(共10空;每空1分，计10分) 阅读下列短文，根据短文中的信息完成文后表格。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写 出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。(每空一词) ‘USA? Britain? Which country is better to study in?’ We often hear such discussions. As China opens its door, it is a dream for many Chinese students to study abroad. They want to learn about the outside world. It’s true that studying abroad can help students develop themselves. Their foreign language skills will be improved and it may be easier to find jobs. But there are problems that should be considered. Language is the first. Students must spend a lot of time learning another language. Students must also learn to live without parents’ care and deal with all kinds of things they haven’t had to do before, like looking after themselves. There are reports about 20 Chinese students abroad running into an ocean of difficulties and giving up finally. When they have to take care of themselves, it is hard for students to study well. Finally, studying abroad brings a heavy burden(负担)to the family. For most Chinese parents, the cost of studying abroad is very high. But is it worth it? We know that there are many famous people who have achieved success through their hard work in China. Liu Xiang is a good example. Once an American teacher invited him there, but he refused. He kept training hard with his Chinese teacher. He surprised the world when he won a gold medal at the Athens Olympic Games. So when you wonder which country is better to study in, think again. Title: Studying at 56 or abroad Phenomenon(现Studying abroad has become a 57 for Chinese students. 象) ? It is helpful to the future 58 of Chinese students. ? It helps to 59 foreign language skills. Advantages ? It enables Chinese students to find jobs more 60 . ? It 62 Chinese students too much time to learn a foreign language. ? It’s hard for Chinese students to get used to the life 61 abroad 63 parents’ care. ? Parents may be under pressure(压力)because the cost of studying abroad is very 64 . Purpose: To tell us studying abroad is not the only way to be 65 by describing Liu Xiang’s example. 答案:56. home 57. dream 58. development 59. improve 60. easily 61. Disadvantages 62. takes 63. without 64. high 65. successful 21 【2011湖北黄冈】(4) K. L. Rothey, 71, from the United States, a retired lawyer Rothey has given himself the Chinese name of Luqi or "roadside beggar(乞丐) ". In his eyes, beggars are doing important work collecting rubbish. What they do is not dirty. Littering the street is, he adds. Rothey first visited China in 1984 and soon he became interested in Chinese culture. Married to a Chinese calligrapher (书法家) , he lived in Huangshi, Hubei Province. Many people know him because he often shows up in the street collecting rubbish. " Huangshi is my home so I hope it becomes cleaner and more beautiful," says Rothey. He has also organized volunteers to collect rubbish in other cities, including Wuhan. Rothey says he'll continue collecting rubbish, as long as he is able to. Jill Robinson, 50, from Britain, founder{f创立者) and CEO of Animals Asia Foundation. She has been working for nearly 20 years to stop people from getting the bile( 胆 汁)from moon bears for use in traditional medicine. She began working for the International Fund for Animal Welfare in Hong Kong in the mid -1980s. A business trip to a bear farm in the mainland in 1993 changed her life. She saw so many moon bears killed by people. That made her cry. She said she would be back to set them free. In 1998, she set up the Animal Foundation. In July 2000, the foundation agreed to free 500 farmed moon bears. In 2002, the Moon Bear Rescue(救援) Center was set up in Chengdu, capital of Sichuan. Now, hear farms have been stopped in the area of two - thirds of China. "As much as we rescue them, they rescue us. These bears rescue us every single day and they teach us to be better people," Robinson says. 任务:请阅读上面的短文，根据短文内容完成下面表格中的有关信息。 Name K. L. Rothey Jill Robinson Nationality 77. ________________________ British Age 71 50 22 ?He first visited China in ? She began working for the Events 1984 and became interested International Found for Animal in Chinese culture.Welfare in the mid-1980s. ?He often 78._____________ in ? 79. ___________ in the mainland changed her life in the street in Huangshi. 1993. ?He has also organized volunteers to collect rubbish ? She set up the Animal in other cities. Foundation in 1998. ? In 2002, the Moon Bear Rescue Center was set up in Chengdu, capital of Sichuan. The two passages are about two foreigners who have helped improve Chinese lives with their contributions (贡献). We should 80.____them and do what we can to protect the environment. 77. The United States. 根据“K. L. Rothey, 71, from the United States, a retired lawyer” 可以判断。 78. collects rubbish 根据句子“Many people know him because he often shows up in the street collecting rubbish.”可以填出答案。 79. A business trip to a bear farm 根据句子“ A business trip to a bear farm in the mainland in 1993 changed her life.”可以填出答案。 80. learn from 根据句意“我们应该向他们学习。” 【2011湖北十堰】第三节:阅读下面短文，按要求补全表格，每空词数不限(5 分) Almost all of us have unpleasant habits. We all want to get rid of(摆脱) them, but we don’t know proper ways. Here’s some advice. ?Write down all the reasons why you want to stop some behavior. Look at the reasons very often. ?It’s clever to do something else when you want to stop your bad habits. If you get angry easily, for example, you can go out for a walk. 23 ?Decide what you’ll do to reward(奖励) yourself if you really get rid of your bad habits. ?If you get too heavy, keep junk food out of your house. ?Bad habits develop over years, so you can’t get rid of them very soon. So you should be patient. ?Don’t be afraid to ask others for support. You can talk to your friends, family or other people. When you talk to them, they might be able to provide some advice that you can’t get from yourself. How to Get Rid of Bad Habits Write down ____________(66) you want to get rid of your Make a list bad habits. You’d better do something else when you want to stop Join in some activities your bad habits. Decide how to reward yourself if you ___________(67) in Give yourself a reward getting rid of your bad habits. Keep off your bad Stay away from _____________(68) if you want to be habits thinner. It’s ___________(69) to get rid of a bad habit in a short Be patient time. Ask for help When you talk to others, they may give you ________(70) 【主旨大意】本文列出几点如何改掉自己的不良习惯方法。 Keys: 66. (all the reasons) why 67. succeed / are successful / get success 68. junk food 69. hard / difficult / not easy /impossible… 70. some advice / some ideas / some suggestions / support /help… 【2011湖北黄石】(填表题)D Big ocean fish have almost been endangered since the start of business fishing in the 24 1950s. The scientists found that the number of large fish has dropped by 90 percent in the past fifty years. The study took ten years. The researchers collected records from fishing businesses and governments around the world. The magazine Nature published(发 表)the findings. The scientists say the common way called longline fishing is especially harmful to large fish. This way includes many fishing lines that are connected(连接) to one boat. If these lines are joined together, they can reach one hundred kilometers. They hold thousands of sharp metal hooks(钩) to catch fish. Longline fishing is especially common in the Japanese fishing industry. Records showed that Japanese boats used to catch about ten fish for every one hundred hooks. The study says longline fishing boats now might catch one fish per hundred hooks. The scientists say business fishing can destroy groups of fish much faster than in the past. It’s not the only worry that the number of large fish is becoming smaller and smaller. What’s worse, they are smaller in size than their ancestors(祖先). 根据短文内容完成表格，每空一词。 What is happening to ocean fish? Items (项目) Situations Results The number of ocean fish 71. The number of fish 72. . has dropped by 90% in Smaller and of ocean fish the past fifty years. smaller. Big ocean fish have The size of ocean fish is The size of ocean fish almost been 73. not since the start of business 74.____ _____ as that in fishing in the 1950s. 25 the past. Long-line fishing can be Business fishing can The way of fishing(捕鱼) especially had to 75._____ destroy _____. fish groups a lot faster than in the past. 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了longline fishing这种捕鱼方式对鱼类的危害。 71. business fishing 细节理解题 由第一段的“Big ocean fish have almost been endangered since the start of business fishing in the1950s.”可得出答案。 72. is becoming 细节理解题 由最后一段的“It’s not the only worry that the number of large fish is becoming smaller and smaller.”可得出答案。 73. much fewer 细节理解题 由第一段的“Big ocean fish have almost been endangered since the start of business fishing in the1950s.”可得出答案。 74. as(so) big 细节理解题 由最后一段的“What’s worse, they are smaller in size than their ancestors(祖先).”可得出答案。 75. catch fish 综合理解题 根据文章中对捕鱼方式的介绍可知longline fishing这 种捕鱼方式特别适合捕鱼。 【2011广东】六、读写综合(本大题分为A、B两部分，共20分) A. 信息归纳 (本题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) 请阅读某网站论坛上关于“地球一小时”的文章，根据所提供的信息，完成下列表 格，把答案写在答题卡指定的位置上。 From 8:30pm to 9:30 pm on Saturday, March 26th, 2011, a great number of people around the world turned off the lights for Earth Hour. It is a bit like an environmental New Year, providing a chance to help care for our earth and make people around the world learn how important it is to do that. What can do during this hour? We can do lots of run things in the dark, such as planning a candlelight dinner for our family or a group of friends, telling stories and singing songs with the kids and neighbors. 26 What did you do for Earth Hour this year? Let’s share the Earth Hour stories. Emma I was on one of the mountains near the city and took photos of my city. It was great to watch the stars and the moon after a busy day so that I could enjoy this relaxing moment. Albert I work as a waiter in a restaurant. Our restaurant was still open even for Earth Hour as we got lots of reservations (预定) that night. So we spent the hour working by candlelight. And guess what? Our customers loved that and promised to come for next Earth Hour. Brandon I turned off the main power to my house and went for a walk for Earth Hour. It was a little strange to walk in the dark, but it was only for one hour. Just think of what it must have been like before the invention of the light bulb! Mary I invited my friends who know and support Earth Hour activities. We actually had a candlelight concert and we talked about the old happy days that we spent together in college. Information Card The date of Earth Hour in 2011 81 Albert’s job 82 What Brandon did when it was dark 83 Who stayed with Mary during the hour 84 The number of people who talked about their 85 stories 81. March 26th 【解析】由第一段第一句可知。 82. A waiter 【解析】由句“I work as a waiter in a restaurant”可知 83. He went for a walk 【解析】由句“I turned off the main power to my house and went for a walk Earth Hour”可知。 27 84. Her friends【解析】由句“I invited my friends……”可知。他和他的朋友在一起。 85. Four/4【解析】阅读全文可知由四个人。 【2011湖南永州】 Happiness is important for everyone. Most people want to be happy, but few know how to find happiness. Money and success alone do not bring lasting happiness. Happiness depends on ourselves. In other words, we make our own happiness. Here are a few ways to help you be happier. The first secret of happiness is to enjoy the simple things in life. Too often, we spend so much time thinking about the future—for example, getting into college or getting a good job-that we fail to enjoy the present. You should enjoy life's simple pleasures, such as reading a good book, listening to your favorite music, or spending time with close friends. People who have several close friends tend(有……打算) to live happier and healthier lives. The second secret to leading a happy life is to be active. Many people experience this, dancing or playing a sport. You can forget about your problems, and only think about the activity. Finally, many people find happiness in helping others. According to studies, people feel good when they volunteer their time to do many meaningful things for other people. If you want to feel happier, do something nice for someone. Title; 66. _ What happiness depends Happiness depends on 67. ______ on? 68._ to be happy ,- To enjoy 69._____in life. To be active. 70._. Happiness is important for everyone and we make Conclusion happiness by ourselves. 66. How to get happiness! 67. ourselves 68. How 69. the simple things 70. To help others 五、阅读填空 28 【2011•盐城】四、任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成表格中所缺信息，每空一词。 We all need a healthy environment, but we produce waster every day and it does harm to our environment. Though we are young, we can still do something to help. In fact, even the simplest everyday activities can make a real difference to the environment. Here are some ideas for you to live a green life. Remember these three words; reduce, reuse and recycle. Reduce means “ use less”. Don't waste things. This saves money and reduces pollution and waste going into the environment. Before we buy something new, think if it is really necessary or maybe the old one will be just as good! When we do buy thing, choose local products if possible, and try not to buy too many things from abroad. Reuse mean “ use again”. Use things for as long as possible. When we buy things, make sure that they last a long time. We should take care of them so that they will last, and we should repair them if we can instead of throwing them away and buying new ones. Don't use a paper cup or a paper bag. It's better to use a china cup and a lunch box because you can use them again. Recycle means “ change things into something else”. Although it takes energy to change something into something else, it's better than throwing things away or burning them. Find out what can be recycled in your neighbourhood and take part in recycling programmes. We should also buy products made from recycled materials, such as recycled paper, to help save trees. Title: 46 to Live a Green Life We produce waste every day and it is 47 to us. We can do something to help. Ideas Does Don'ts Use less * Don't buy too many things To 48 from foreign 49 . * Try to save something Use 50 * Don't use 52 cups * Use things for us long as possible. To reuse or bags. * Buy things that last long. * Take care of things or 51 the old 29 things. Change things into something 53 To Don't 55 things * Join in recycling programmes. recycle away or burn them. * Buy 54 made from recycled materials. 【主旨大意】文章主要讲了为保护环境，建议我们大家应该过“3R”生活:reduce, reuse and recycle (减量、再使用和再循环)。 答案:46. How 47. harmful 48. reduce 49. countries 50. again 51. repair 52. paper 53. else 54. products 55. Throw 【2011•四川成都】B. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容，完成表格中所缺的信息。(共5 小题，每小题1分;计5分) What makes a successful speech? First, you should have a good speech script (稿子) so that your ideas and language can attract people's attention. And some skills are necessary, too. Here are some suggestions on giving great speeches: ?Beat nerves Relax yourself before and when making a speech. Practice your opening sentence three or four times. This will help make a sure start and a successful speech. When you stand on the stage, think of the audience(观众) as your family members and friends. ?Keep it natural Natural body languages will help your speech: smile, stand straight and look at the audience. Do not drop your head or play with a pen. Also, dressing yourself nicely will help the audience feel respected. ?Pace and pause (节奏和停顿) Pace and pause add color to your speech. Speak fast enough to keep people excited and slowly enough for people to fully understand you. After an important point, pause for a moment. It'll change the atmosphere (气氛)in the audience. Tips on giving speeches 30 Main tips Things to do Advantage People's attention is Speech script Have good 6 . attracted. A: This can give you a sure Suggested 7 A: Practice opening sentence three start. or four times. B: This can help 8 . B: Think of the audience as your family members and friends. A: Smile, stand straight and look at the A: These 9 will help audience. your speech. B: The audience will feel B: Dress yourself formally. respected. A: Speak fast enough sometimes and A: People are kept 10 slowly enough other times. and can 10 you. B; The atmosphere in the B: Pause after an important point. audience will be changed. 【主旨大意】这是一篇说明文。文章就如何做成功的演讲提出了几点中肯的建议。 答案:6. ideas and language 7. skills 8. relax yourself/beat nerves 9. natural body languages 10. excited; fully understand 【2011新疆阜康】六、任务型阅读(共5小题，计10分) 阅读下面短文，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。(必要时应加助动词或情态动 词) A solar-powered (太阳能动力的) plane has passed an important test on the way to travel around the world. The plane took off from an airport in Switzerland at 45km an hour. It slowly rose above the fields and into the sky. During the 90-minute flight, the plane did several turns. It climbed nearly 1.6km above the countryside. “There has never been an airplane of that kind that could fly — never an airplane so big, so light, using so little energy,” said Bertrand Piccard, a leader of the project. Engineers plan to test a night flight soon. They plan to travel around the world in that plane in 2012. “We want to fly it day and night with no fuel (燃料),” Piccard said. 31 Piccard and pilot Andre Borschberg will take the plane around the world. They will make a few stops to change places and rest after a long time in the air — and to show off their aircraft. The plane flies at 70 kilometers per hour on average. That is faster than a bike. The pilots will keep the plane in the air for up to five days at a time. 根据短文内容，完成表格 Plane uses sun's power to fly where The plane took off from an airport in ___1___. how The airplane is big, light and using little ___2___. when It will travel around the world in___3___. how fast It can fly at ___4___ kilometers per hour. how long The plane can fly for ___5___ days at a time. 1. Switzerland 细节理解题 由文中第一段第二句“The plane took off from an airport in Switzerland at 45km an hour.”可知正确答案。 2. energy 细节理解题 由文中第二段“— never an airplane so big, so light, using so little energy,”可知正确答案。 3. 2012 细节理解题 由文中第二段“They plan to travel around the world in that plane in 2012.”可知正确答案。 4. 70/seventy细节理解题 由文中第六段第一句话“The plane flies at 70 kilometers per hour on average.”可知正确答案。 5. 5/five 细节理解题 由文中第六段第三句话“The pilots will keep the plane in the air for up to five days at a time.”可知正确答案。 32 下面红色字体部分是赠送的散文欣赏摘自网络，不需要的朋友下载后可以编辑删除～～～谢谢～～～ 可依靠的唯有自己 这是发生在一个普通犹太人家庭里，父亲和儿子的故事: 儿子叫约翰，在他4岁那年，有一天他和姐姐在客厅玩捉迷藏。他们玩得正高兴，父亲抱起小约翰，把他放在沙发椅上面，然后伸出双手做出接的姿势，叫他往下跳。小约翰毫不犹豫地往下跳，在即将抓住父亲的瞬间，父亲缩回了双手，约翰摔到了地板上，他号啕大哭起来。小约翰向坐在沙发上的妈妈求助，妈妈若无其事地坐着，并不去扶他，只是微笑着说:“呵，好坏的爸爸～”父亲站在一边，以嘲弄的眼光望着上当受骗的小约翰。 这便是犹太家庭教子的方法之一，这样做的目的是灌输给孩子一个理念:社会是复杂的，不要轻信他人，唯一可依赖的就是自己。 犹太家庭的孩子都要回答这样一个问题:“假如有一天房子被烧着了，你将带着什么东西逃跑,”如果孩子回答是钱财，母亲会进一步问:“有一种没有形状、没有颜色、没有气味的宝贝，你知道是什么吗,”如果孩子回答不出来， 33 母亲会告诉他:“孩子，你要带走的不是钱财，而是智慧。因为智慧是任何人都抢不走的，你只要活着，智慧就永远跟着你。” 你对爸爸的爱，远远胜过那部车 一个犹太家庭的父亲，存钱存了很久，终于买了一辆自己向往已久的新车。新车开到家后，他珍爱有加，每天都要洗车打蜡。他5岁的儿子见父亲这么爱车，也常常乐此不疲地帮爸爸一起洗车。 有一天，这位父亲开车回到家后，累得一动也不想动。于是他 决定 郑伟家庭教育讲座全集个人独资股东决定成立安全领导小组关于成立临时党支部关于注销分公司决定 破一次例，改天再洗车，尽管自己的爱车因淋了雨，而显得脏乱不堪。 这时，5岁的儿子见父亲这么累，就自告奋勇地要帮爸爸洗车，见他这么小的年纪，就知道体谅自己，心里甚感欣慰，便放手让儿子去洗。 儿子要动手洗车了，却找不到洗车用的毛巾。于是他走进厨房，立刻便想到母亲平时煮菜洗锅时，都是用钢刷使劲刷才刷干净的，所以既然没有毛巾，就用钢刷吧～他拿起钢刷用力地洗起车来，一遍又一遍，像刷锅一样地刷车。 等他洗完之后，听见“哇”的一声，他失声大哭起来，车子怎么都花了,这下可闯大祸了，他急忙跑去找父亲，边哭边说:“爸爸，对不起，爸爸，你来看～”父亲疑惑地跟着儿子走到车旁，他也“哇”的一声，“我的车，我的车～” 这位父亲怒气冲冲地走进房间，气急败坏地跪在地上祷告:“上帝呀，请你告诉我，我该怎么做,那是我新买的车，一个月不到，就变成这样，我该怎么处罚我的孩子,” 他才祷告完，耳边忽然出现一个声音“世人都是看表面，而我却是看内心～”突然间，他彻悟了。 他走出房门，儿子正害怕地流着泪，动也不敢动。 父亲走上前去，把孩子紧紧地拥在怀里，亲切地说:“谢谢你帮爸爸洗车，爸爸对你的爱，远远胜过对那部车子。” 凡事要透过表面去看本质，当家人或朋友无意间做错了某件事时，我们要理智对待，不要只看事情的表面，而忽略他们内心真实的想法。学会用爱心去包容爱心，家会让你感觉自己的周围，时时洋溢温暖的阳光。 小饭馆的生意很好，因为物美价廉，因为他的谦和和妻子的热情。每天早晨，三四点钟他就早早起来去采购，直到天亮才把所需要的蔬菜、鲜肉拉回家。没有雇人手，两个人忙得像陀螺。常常，因为缺乏睡眠，他的眼睛红红的。 不久，一个推着三轮车的老人来到他门前。她驼背，走路一跛一跛的，用手比划着，想为他提供蔬菜和鲜肉，绝对新鲜，价格还便宜。老人是个哑巴，脸上满是灰尘，额角和眼边的几块疤痕让她看上去面目丑陋。妻子不同意，老人的样子，看上去实 34 在不舒服。可他却不顾妻子的反对，答应下来。不知怎的，眼前的老人让他突然想起了母亲。 老人很讲信用，每次应他要求运来的蔬菜果然都是新鲜的。于是，每天早晨六点钟，满满一三轮车的菜准时送到他的饭馆门前。他偶尔也请老人吃碗面，老人吃得很慢，很享受的样子。他心里酸酸的，对老人说，她每天都可以在这儿吃碗面。老人笑了，一跛一跛地走过来。他看着她，不知怎的，又想起了母亲，突然有一种想哭的冲动。 一晃，两年又过去了，他的饭馆成了酒楼，他也有了一笔数目可观的积蓄，买了房子。可为他送菜的，依旧是那个老人。 又过了半个月，突然有一天，他在门前等了很久，却一直等不到老人。时间已经过了一个小时，老人还没有来。他没有她的联系方式，无奈，只好让工人去买菜。两小时后，工人拉回了菜，仔细看看，他心里有了疙瘩，这车菜远远比不上老人送的莱。老人送来的菜全经过精心挑选，几乎没有干叶子，棵棵都清爽。 只是，从那天后，老人再未出现。 春节就要到了，他包着饺子，突然对妻子说想给老人送去一碗，顺便看看她发生了什么事。怎么一个星期都没有送菜,这可是从没有过的事。妻子点头。 煮了饺子，他拎着，反复打听一个跛脚的送菜老人，终于在离他酒楼两个街道的胡同里，打听到她了。 他敲了半天门，无人应答。门虚掩着，他顺手推开。昏暗狭小的屋子里，老人在床上躺着，骨瘦如柴。老人看到他，诧异地睁大眼，想坐起来，却无能为力。他把饺子放到床边，问老人是不是病了。老人张张嘴，想说什么，却没说出来。他坐下来，打量这间小屋子，突然，墙上的几张照片让他吃惊地张大嘴巴。竟然是他和妈妈的合影～他5岁时，10岁时，17岁时……墙角，一只用旧布包着的包袱，包袱皮上，绣着一朵梅花。他转过头，呆呆地看着老人，问她是谁。老人怔怔地，突然脱口而出:儿啊。 他彻底惊呆了～眼前的老人，不是哑巴,为他送了两年菜的老人，是他的母亲, 那沙哑的声音分明如此熟悉，不是他母亲又能是谁,他呆愣愣地，突然上前，一把抱住母亲，号啕痛哭，母子俩的眼泪沾到了一起。 不知哭了多久，他先抬起头，哽咽着说看到了母亲的坟，以为她去世了，所以才离开家。母亲擦擦眼泪，说是她让邻居这么做的。她做工的爆竹厂发生爆炸，她侥幸活下来，却毁了容，瘸了腿。看看自己的模样，想想儿子进过监狱，家里又穷，以后他一定连媳妇都娶不上。为了不拖累他，她想出了这个主意，说自己去世，让他远走他乡，在异地生根，娶妻生子。得知他离开了家乡，她回到村子。辗转打听，才知道他来到了这个城市。她以捡破烂为生，寻找他四年，终于在这家小饭馆里找到他。她欣喜若狂，看着儿子忙碌，她又感到心痛。为了每天见到儿 35 子，帮他减轻负担，她开始替他买菜，一买就是两年。可现在，她的腿脚不利索，下不了床了，所以，再不能为他送菜。 这种信任和理解真的很重要。 这个故事对于众多家长来说有很强的的启迪和警示作用:“你到底爱的是孩子，还是孩子努力的结果,如果是后者，那说明你不会爱～”亦或是“你到底是爱自己的孩子，还是爱那个你心目中的孩子,如果是后者，那说明你不会爱～”，往往，在和孩子互动过程中，我们关注自己的感受，关注孩子是否改错，关注孩子是否优秀，而我们忽略了关注孩子本身，这些都是打着爱的旗号伤害着孩子，但我们往往认为这就是爱。请牢记，孩子本身最重要～ 让孩子去开辟自己的天空 《一个犹太人的家庭教育》讲的是一个伟大的犹太母亲把三个孩子培养成才的理念和方法。这位母亲生在上海，父亲是犹太人，在她12岁那年去世了，随后母亲也离她而去，她成了孤儿。长大后在上海铜厂做女工，结婚后生下三个孩子，但不久后丈夫又离她而去了。为了逃避痛苦，她成为中以建交后第一批回到以色列的犹太后裔。 为了生存，也为了三个孩子能早日回到以色列，她先发奋学习希伯来语，然后，在路边摆了个小摊卖春卷。以色列的官方货币是谢克尔，一谢克尔兑换人民币2块钱，更小的币值是雅戈洛，一谢克尔等于100雅戈洛。她的春卷小摊每天只能赚到十来个谢克尔…… 1993年，她接回了三个孩子，大儿子14岁，二儿子13岁，小女儿11岁。开始她一直秉承再苦不能苦孩子的原则，依旧做着合格的中国式妈妈。把孩子送去学校读书，她卖春卷，孩子放学，她就停止营业，在小炉子上面给他们做馄饨或者面条。这一幕被邻居看到了，就来训斥大儿子:“你已经是大孩子了，你应该学会去帮助你的母亲，而不是看着你母亲忙碌，自己就像废物一样。”然后转过头训斥母亲:“不要把那种落后的中国式教育带到以色列来……” 大儿子和她都很难受，但他们都在慢慢地改变，大儿子不但学会了做春卷，还把春卷带到学校卖，每天，三个小孩子能赚到10个谢克尔，回家交给母亲。母亲觉得很心酸，让他们小小年纪就担起生活的担子，但犹太人不这么认为，在犹太家庭里，孩子们没有免费的食物和照顾，任何东西都是有价格的，每个孩子都必须学会赚钱，才能获得自己需要的一切。 于是妈妈不再提供免费的餐食和服务，同时也给他们赚钱的机会，以每个春卷30雅戈洛的价钱批发给他们，带到学校后，可自行加价出售，利润部分自由支配。 36 三个孩子卖春卷的方式竟然截然不同。小女儿最老实，按老价钱50雅戈洛一个零售;二儿子则以40雅戈洛的价钱批发给学校餐厅，每天让他送100个春卷;大儿子则举办了一个“带你走进中国”的讲座，讲座的噱头就在于可以免费品尝美味的中国春卷，但需要买入场券，每人10雅戈洛，结果收入1500雅戈洛。 随后他们琢磨出了更多更新颖的赚钱方法，他们很努力地去学习和思考，学业并没有受到任何影响。 同样作为父母，是不是应该引起我们的反思,我们每天一睁开眼睛就为了孩子忙活，做饭、洗衣服、接送、辅导作业，然后才是做自己的事情，每天忙的团团转，累得筋疲力尽。一发牢骚，孩子还会心生厌烦，根本不理解我的付出。再回头看看，每一位中国母亲不都是这样吗,这样我们就很伟大吗,我们付出了很多，却造就了一个又一个“小皇帝”、“小公主”…… 我们希望孩子成才，却又过度的保护他们，使得孩子变得无能无法自立;过分的溺爱，带来孩子的无情;过多的干涉，让孩子多了很多无奈;过多的指责，让孩子变得不知所措，找不到前进的方向…… 想要为孩子创造一个无忧无虑，快乐成长的天空，但却发现自己完完全全的占据了创造者的位置，其实，这个位置也要有一部分让孩子承担。现在的照顾，也许会暂时保护着他们，但是他们总有一天会长大，会在长大后遇到许许多多的困难，那个时候，我们是如何也帮不了他们的……也许，让孩子过早的面对金钱面对名利面对社会，会有不舍和心疼，但他们总有一天要面对，总有一天要承担。 我们为何不像那位犹太母亲那样，放开手，让孩子自己去开辟属于他们自己的天空呢, 37