基于单片机的太阳能热水器控制系统研究（Research on control system of solar water heater based on single chip microcomputer）

基于单片机的太阳能热水器控制系统研究（Research on control system of solar water heater based on single chip microcomputer） 基于单片机的太阳能热水器控制系统研究(Research on control system of solar water heater based on single chip microcomputer) Twenty-eighth volume, fifth issue Vol.28 No.5 2007, Journal of Qingdao Technological University, Journal, of, Qingdao, Technological, University Research on control system of solar water heater based on single chip microcomputer Wen Sheng Bao (College of normal education, Qiingdao University, Qingdao 266071) Abstract: the solar water heater is affected by season and weather, and the amount of hot water provided is not enough, so that it can not be normal throughout the year In order to realize the intelligent and complementary function of light and heat and electric heating, a digital temperature sensor and a single chip microcomputer are designed The solar water heater control system realizes the measurement and display of water temperature, water quantity, photoelectric heating, intelligent complementation, automatic and manual water supply, and complementary The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, high reliability, low cost and easy expansion of functions Key words: single chip microcomputer; digital temperature sensor; water heater control system CLC number: TP 212, literature mark code: A, article number: 1673 - 4602 (2007) 05 - 0079 - 02 Solar water heater has been favored by the vast numbers of consumers for its safety, economy, energy saving, environmental protection and simple use, and has been developed rapidly And it is widely used. However, there are still many deficiencies in the solar water heater market, such as the impact of season and weather, The normal use of the whole year can not be achieved, and the quantity of hot water supplied is not enough By using sensors and SCM, a control system for intelligent control of light and heat and electric heating is established. The main functions are as follows: 1. Water temperature and water quantity Measurement and display; to achieve the normal use of the four seasons, when the sun is sufficient, do not consume conventional energy; when the sun is insufficient, the electric heating is automatically started to realize the photoelectric Heating function complementary function; 3. According to the user's different settings, automatic / manual water can be realized 1 system hardware design According to the functional requirements of the hot water controller, and combined with the resource analysis of PIC16C5X series singlechip [1], the main type of this series is adopted No. PIC16C57 is the control core of the circuit system. The overall layout of the electric hot water controller is shown in Figure 1 Figure 1 overall layout (1) water temperature measuring circuit. The temperature measuring element adopts the single line number of DALLAS The word temperature sensor DS1820.DS1820 provides 9 bit temperature readings, [2], and measurements Range -55~125 degrees, using a unique 1-WIRE bus protocol, only one The root line realizes bidirectional communication with MCU, and has the advantages of simple connection and high precision It provides power to the bus through the bus when it is working The machine sends out the instruction code to read the temperature value (2) keyboard and water measuring circuit, because in this system, as long as The water quantity of 5 stalls is shown, so the water sensor adopts on-off type transmission When the water quantity reaches a certain file, the gear level is lowered, and the interface circuit is pressed Thus, in the circuit design, the water level shift signal is communicated with the push-button Pass a 74HC148 priority encoder to connect to the I/O port of the microcontroller The priority of the key is higher than the water quantity signal, and the priority signal of the high-grade signal is higher than the low position signal so as to ensure the priority response to the keystroke (3) display circuit. Temperature adopts two bit seven segment digital display, display range 0~99 Celsius. Water use a seven segment digital display, display 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,5 file water level, the temperature and water cycle scanning, show.3 LED for the current key function settings (4) the water temperature and water quantity control circuit. The single chip microcomputer controls the relay by photoelectric coupling, and it is used to cut off or connect the heating tube power supply Received date: 2007 - 03 - 23 twenty-eighth volumes of Journal of Qingdao Technological University Turn off or turn on the water valve so as to control the temperature and water 2 system software design The system software uses PIC16C5X to simplify the instruction to write [3]., because PIC16C57 does not have the interruption function, therefore this system keyboard scanning process The sequence is realized by inquiry, and the operation time of the instruction is calculated and designed accurately by adopting the 4 MHz clock frequency, so as to ensure the reliability of the software Property and stability. The main block diagram of the system is shown in Figure 2 Fig. 2 flow chart of the system 2.1 button and display program function In this system, there are 3 function keys: manual water adding, manual heating and automatic control; 3 Seven sections of digital display and 3 LED lights. Under normal circumstances, the two seven paragraph digital display Shows the current water temperature, and the other shows the current water level (1) manual water adding program: press manual water button, execute manual water adding program, right Manually add water, LED indicator light, water inlet pipe, solenoid valve open, and begin to add water In the process of adding water, press again to cancel the water. When the water is full, the system automatically closes the solenoid valve (2) manual heating program: press the manual heating button, manual heating, LED light The electric heating pipe is switched on and electrical heating is started. If the water level is less than a file, add water to the first gear Once the heating is canceled, the water temperature is greater than 90 degrees, then automatically cut off (3) automatic control program: press the automatic control button to start this program, when the system will At 8: 00 daily, automatically feed water to 40% water level, set minimum temperature of 50 degrees When the water temperature is greater than 50 degrees, continue to add water to the set temperature until the full water level After the water level drops, the above water inlet procedure is carried out, and the process is carried out again. In addition, in this mode, the system will also control the electric heating tube, 15: 00 When the water temperature is lower than 35 degrees and the temperature is below 40 degrees centigrade, when the temperature is below 16 degrees centigrade, and the temperature is lower than 40 degrees centigrade, the temperature is below 45 degrees, and the temperature is 16 to 00 when the temperature is below 00 DEG C, and the temperature is 17 to 00, and 17 to 00 When the water temperature is lower than 45 degrees Celsius and the temperature is lower than 18 degrees centigrade, when the temperature is below 00 degrees centigrade, and the temperature is below 50 DEG C, the water temperature is lower than 00 DEG C when the temperature is below 55 DEG C and the temperature is lower than 18 DEG C, and the temperature is up to 50 DEG C. The practice certificate is 19 to 00 Ming: when the sunshine is enough (15: 00 - 16 - 00), the water temperature of the solar water heater must be higher than 35 degrees centigrade. If the temperature is below 35, the illumination is insufficient When it is cloudy and rainy, the electric heating is automatically converted, and so on. When the sun is insufficient or rainy, the time will be 15 to 00, 16 to 00, and 17 to 00 At that time, the water temperature was automatically preheated, so that the use of hot water on rainy days and sunny days was no difference, and it can effectively prevent waste of energy 2.2 water temperature measurement procedure Temperature reading is accomplished by communicating with the DS1820. The.DS1820 communication function is time shared and has a strict slot concept The various operations of DS1820 must be carried out in accordance with the protocol. The operation protocol is: initialization DS1820 (reset pulse, send ROM function command) Send memory operation commands to process data Figure 3 DS1820 operation flow chart The operating instructions required in this program are as follows: SKIPROM command code [CCH]: after this command is executed, the subsequent memory is indicated The operation command will be aimed at all DS1820 on line, because there is only one DS1820 in this system, Therefore, after this command is issued, it can be operated CONVERT command code [44H]: start online DS1280 for temperature A/D transfer Change. The READSCRATCHPA command code [BEH] reads the temperature of the temperature register Value. The overall flow chart for the DS1820 operation is shown in Figure 3 3 conclusion With the development of micro electronics technology, the function of single chip microcomputer is increasing day by day and the price is low The application of single chip microcomputer in water heater controller has the advantages of simple design, high reliability and easy expansion The design of the control system is in a leading position in the domestic similar products, and some of the methods are also applicable to electric water heaters and refrigerators, Computer control design for household appliances such as air conditioning (turn 110th pages) 80 Journal of Qingdao Technological University Vol. twenty-eighth Concrete, wall, plastering, wall, plaster, surface Cleaning construction technology LIU, Gang1, XU, Ying-jun2, JI, Zhi-quan1 (1., Qingdao, Construction, Group, Company, Qingdao 266071, China, 2.Jiangsu, China-Soviet, Union Construction, Group, Company, Nantong 226600, China) Abstract:Because, of, the, phenomena, of, hollowing, cracking, easily, produced, by,, the, traditional, concrete Wall, plastering, this, paper, adopts, the, wall, plaster, leveling, construction,, methods., The, project, practice Indicates, that, this, construction, plastering, not, only, is, convenient, in, construction, low, in, construction Cost, and, patching, is, easier, than, the, traditional, mortar, cement, plastering, moreover, it, greatly, shortens The, time, limit, of, a, project, and, has, a, better,, project, application, prospect. Key, words:whitewashes, the, gypsum; hollowing; construction; time Brief introduction to author: Liu Gang (1980-), male, assistant engineer of Shandong City, Qingdao. Research direction: building painting project (up to eightieth pages) Reference: [1] Lin Ling, Li Gang, Ding Ru, et al. New interface devices and technologies for single chip microcomputer [M]. Xi'an: Xi'an Electronic and Science University press, 2005:40-55. [2] Xu. IFRC sensor and [M]. detection technology in Beijing: Electronic Industry Press, 2004:77-81. [3] Wang Youxu, Xu Jie, Li Lacheng design [M]..PIC Series MCU interface technology and application. Beijing: Beihang University press, 2000:61-70. [4], Li Chunguang, Sun Zhaoxia. Design of embedded microprocessor and DSP6412 interface [J]. Journal of Qingdao Technological University, 2006,27 (2): 82-85. [5] Ma Gang, Jiang Mei, Liu Guixiang. Simulation and implementation of multisensor acoustic target data fusion system [J]. Journal of Qingdao Technological University, 2006,27 (2): 91-94. 在基于单片机的太阳能热水器控制系统的研究 鲍温升 (青岛大学，青岛266071，中国师范学院) 摘要:由于季节和天气的影响，太阳能热水器不能提供足够的热水， 因此，它不能实现全年正常使用。这一缺陷，本文建立了一个多— 用数字温度传感器和单片机实现的太阳能热水器控制系统— 实现知识的补充光加热和电加热。它可以显示温度和 水的数量，也可以实现光加热和电加热的补充。 对供水的自动和手动方式的补充。该电路简单可靠，且 费用低。 关键词:单片机;数字温度传感器;热水器控制系统 作者简介:鲍文胜(1969 -)，男，山东青岛人。助理研究员，研究方向:软件工程。 一百一十