交流电压控制器电路翻译

交流电压控制器电路翻译 AC VOLTAGE CONTROLLER CIRCUITS (RMS VOLTAGE CONTROLLERS) AC voltage controllers (ac line voltage controllers) are employed to vary the RMS value of the alternating voltage applied to a load circuit by introducing Thyristors between the load and a constant voltage ac source. The RMS value of alternating voltage applied to a load circuit is controlled by controlling the triggering angle of the Thyristors in the ac voltage controller circuits. In brief, an ac voltage controller is a type of thyristor power converter which is used to convert a fixed voltage, fixed frequency ac input supply to obtain a variable voltage ac output. The RMS value of the ac output voltage and the ac power flow to the load is controlled by varying (adjusting) the trigger angle ‘,’ V0(RMS) ACACVVariable AC sInputVoltageRMS O/P VoltagefVoltagesController sffS There are two different types of thyristor control used in practice to control the ac power flow , On-Off control , Phase control These are the two ac output voltage control techniques. In On-Off control technique Thyristors are used as switches to connect the load circuit to the ac supply (source) for a few cycles of the input ac supply and then to disconnect it for few input cycles. The Thyristors thus act as a high speed contactor (or high speed ac switch). PHASE CONTROL In phase control the Thyristors are used as switches to connect the load circuit to the input ac supply, for a part of every input cycle. That is the ac supply voltage is chopped using Thyristors during a part of each input cycle. The thyristor switch is turned on for a part of every half cycle, so that input supply voltage appears across the load and then turned off during the remaining part of input half cycle to disconnect the ac supply from the load. By controlling the phase angle or the trigger angle ‘,’ (delay angle), the output RMS voltage across the load can be controlled. The trigger delay angle ‘,’ is defined as the phase angle (the value of ,t) at which the thyristor turns on and the load current begins to flow. Thyristor ac voltage controllers use ac line commutation or ac phase commutation. Thyristors in ac voltage controllers are line commutated (phase commutated) since the input supply is ac. When the input ac voltage reverses and becomes negative during the negative half cycle the current flowing through the conducting thyristor decreases and falls to zero. Thus the ON thyristor naturally turns off, when the device current falls to zero. Phase control Thyristors which are relatively inexpensive, converter grade Thyristors which are slower than fast switching inverter grade Thyristors are normally used. For applications upto 400Hz, if Triacs are available to meet the voltage and current ratings of a particular application, Triacs are more commonly used. Due to ac line commutation or natural commutation, there is no need of extra commutation circuitry or components and the circuits for ac voltage controllers are very simple. Due to the nature of the output waveforms, the analysis, derivations of expressions for performance parameters are not simple, especially for the phase controlled ac voltage controllers with RL load. But however most of the practical loads are of the RL type and hence RL load should be considered in the analysis and design of ac voltage controller circuits. TYPE OF AC VOLTAGE CONTROLLERS The ac voltage controllers are classified into two types based on the type of input ac supply applied to the circuit. , Single Phase AC Controllers. , Three Phase AC Controllers. Single phase ac controllers operate with single phase ac supply voltage of 230V RMS at 50Hz in our country. Three phase ac controllers operate with 3 phase ac supply of 400V RMS at 50Hz supply frequency. Each type of controller may be sub divided into , Uni-directional or half wave ac controller. , Bi-directional or full wave ac controller. In brief different types of ac voltage controllers are , Single phase half wave ac voltage controller (uni-directional controller). , Single phase full wave ac voltage controller (bi-directional controller). , Three phase half wave ac voltage controller (uni-directional controller). , Three phase full wave ac voltage controller (bi-directional controller). APPLICATIONS OF AC VOLTAGE CONTROLLERS , Lighting / Illumination control in ac power circuits. , Induction heating. , Industrial heating & Domestic heating. , Transformer tap changing (on load transformer tap changing). , Speed control of induction motors (single phase and poly phase ac induction motor control). , AC magnet controls. PRINCIPLE OF ON-OFF CONTROL TECHNIQUE (INTEGRAL CYCLE CONTROL) The basic principle of on-off control technique is explained with reference to a single phase full wave ac voltage controller circuit shown below. The thyristor switches and are TT12 turned on by applying appropriate gate trigger pulses to connect the input ac supply to the load for ‘n’ number of input cycles during the time interval . The thyristor switches and are TtTON12 turned off by blocking the gate trigger pulses for ‘m’ number of input cycles during the time interval . The ac controller ON time usually consists of an integral number of input ttOFFON cycles. = Load Resistance RR,L Fig.: Single phase full wave AC voltage controller circuit Vsnm wt Vo io wtiGate pulse of Tg11 wt Gate pulse of Ti2g2 wt Fig.: Waveforms 交流电压控制器电路 ( RMS的电压控制器) 交流电压控制器(的交流线电压控制器)是受雇于不同的RMS值的交流电压适用于一个负载电路采用晶闸管之间的负荷和恒定电压交流电源。均方根值交流电压适用于一个负载电路控制，通过控制触发角的晶闸管在交流电压控制器的电路。 简单来说，一个交流电压控制器是一个类型的晶闸管电源转换器是用来转换成一个固定的电压，固定频率的交流电输入供应，以获得可变电压AC输出。 RMS中的价值，交流输出电压和交流电源流向负荷控制不同(调整)触发角 “,” V0(RMS) ACACVVariable AC sInputVoltageRMS O/P VoltagefVoltagesController sffS 有两种不同类型的晶闸管控制使用，在实践中，以控制交流电源流 •对小康控制 •相位控制 这些都是两国的交流输出电压控制技术。 在对小康控制技术的晶闸管是用作开关连接负载电路，以交流电供应(源)为几个周期的输入AC供应，然后断开为几个输入周期。该晶闸管，因此作为一种高速接触器(或高速交流开关) 。 相位控制 在第二阶段控制晶闸管是用作开关连接负载电路向输入AC供应，为的一部分，每一个投入周期。这是交流供电电压是切碎的使用期间，晶闸管的一部分，每个输入周期。 晶闸管开关是打开的一个组成部分的每个半周期内，使输入电压供应出现全国负荷，然后关闭期间，其余部分投入的一半周期，以断开交流电供应的负荷。 ,(延迟角) ，输出的RMS电压负荷是可以控制的。,通过控制相位角，或触发角' t, '的定义为相位角(价值,触发延迟角' )在其中晶闸管开启和负载电流开始流动。 晶闸管交流电压控制器使用交流线整流或AC相。晶闸管在交流电压控制器线commutated (第一期commutated )由于输入电源是交流。当输入交流电压和逆转变为负值在负半周期，目前流经进行晶闸管跌幅和下降到零。因此，对晶闸管自然关闭，当该装置目前下降到零。 相位控制晶闸管是相对便宜，转炉级晶闸管是慢快速开关逆变器级的晶闸管是通常使用的。 申请最多400 Hz ，如果triacs可满足电压和电流的评级某一特定的应用， triacs是较常用的。 由于交流线整流或自然整流，所以没有必要额外的整流电路或元件和集成电路的交流电压控制器是很简单的。 由于性质的输出波形，分析，文字 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 达的性能参数不是简单的，尤其是对相位控制的交流电压控制器与研究部主管负荷。然而，大部分的实际荷载的研究部主管的类型和研究部主管负荷，因此应被视为在分析和 设计 领导形象设计圆作业设计ao工艺污水处理厂设计附属工程施工组织设计清扫机器人结构设计 的交流电压控制器的电路。 类型的交流电压控制器 该交流电压控制器可分为两种类型的基础上，类型的输入AC供应适用于电路。 •单三相交流控制器。 •三相交流控制器。 单三相交流控制器与单三相交流电源电压230v的RMS在50赫兹在我们的国家。三相交流控制器与三单相交流供应400 V RMS的供应量在50赫兹的频率。 每种类型的控制器可分为小组 •单向型或半波空调控制器。 •双向定向或全波空调控制器。 在简短的不同类型的交流电压控制器 •单相半波交流电压控制器(单向型控制器) 。 •单相全波交流电压控制器(双定向控制器) 。 •三相半波交流电压控制器(单向型控制器) 。 •三相全波交流电压控制器(双定向控制器) 。 应用交流电压控制器 •照明/照明控制在交流电源电路。 •感应加热。 •工业加热及家庭取暖。 •变压器分接头的变化(负荷的变压器分接头的变化) 。 •速度控制的异步电机(单相和聚三相交流异步电动机的控制) 。 •交流磁铁控制。 原则上小康控制技术(积分周期控制) 的基本原则，对小康控制技术是解释，参考一单相全波交流电压控制器电路如下图所示。晶闸管开关，并打开了运用适当的门触发脉冲，以连接输入AC供应负荷为' '有多少投入周期期间的时间间隔。晶闸管开关和关闭的门挡住了触发脉冲的'米'的数目投入周期期间的时间间隔。空调控制器上的时间通常构成一个不可分割的数目投入周期。 =负载电阻 RR,L 图:单相全波交流电压控制器电路 Vsnm wt Vo io wtiGate pulse of Tg11 wt Gate pulse of Ti2g2 wt 图:波形