2016届新课标高考英语语法填空及书面表达范例

语篇型语法填空题对高中英语教学的启示 语篇型语法填空题旨在考查考生在阅读理解的基础上对语法和语用知识的掌握情况,着重考查考生的综合语言运用能力。其“突出语篇,强调运用”的命题思路,不仅充分体现了语言测试的交际性原则,也很好地体现了高中英语课程改革的教学理念,与《课程标准》所提出的英语课程的性质完全吻合。 ?首先,要转变态度。改变中学英语教学中存在的过分强调语法规则而忽视其语用功能,过分重视接受性技能的学习而忽视产出性语言技能培养的现象。要敦促学生加强听、说、读、写综合能力的发展,多给学生创造进行语言产出和交际的机会,将学生学习英语的关注点转移到语言的社会功能和实际运用上来。 ?其次,要加强对学生语篇逻辑分析能力和精细阅读能力的培养。可以通过精读教学、课外阅读、写作练习等方式,促进学生的语篇分析能力和对语言的理解力和控制力的发展。 ?再次,应该继续重视语言的准确性。语法和词汇知识是综合语言运用能力的基础,因此巩固学生对语言基本知识的掌握依然重要。但语法和词汇不是孤立的语言项目,语法和词汇知识的学习要和真实的交际场景和语篇运用紧密结合起来。 ?最后,进行恰当的适应性训练有助于增强考生应对此题型的能力。语篇型语法填空题取代单句型语言知识运用题之后,基于语篇的针对性练习势必比句子层次的语言知识练习更能满足考生的需求和测试的要求。 ? ?2016年高考英语语法填空范例 ?(1)短文体 ?One of my father's favorite 1 (say) as I was growing up was “Try it!” I couldn't say I didn't like something, 2 it might be, until after I tried it. Over the years I've come to realize how much of my success I owe to my 3 (accept) of those words as one of my values. My first job was just one I decided to try for a couple of years until I determined what I wanted to do as a career (职业). 4 (actual) I believed I would work for a few years, get 5 (marry), stay home and raise a family, so I didn't think the job I took mattered that much. I couldn't 6 more mistaken. I mastered the skills of that 7 (begin) level position and I was given the opportunity (机会) to move up through the company into 8 (differ) positions. I accepted each new opportunity with the thought, “Well, I'll try it; 9 I don't like it I can always go back to my 10 (early) position.” But I was with the same company for the past 28 years. 1. sayings 2. whatever 3. acceptance 4. Actually 5. married 6. have been 7. beginning 8. different 9. if 10. earlier 第二节语法填空(共10小题,每小题1.5分,满分15分) 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 It was a sunny day. A little boy's father was sitting on the couch, drinking a beer while watching__61__basketball match. Seeing this, the boy rushed to his father and shouted,“Daddy, show me how,to play catch!” The father, staring__62__the television screen,replied,“Let me finish watching the match. Play outside and come back in five minutes.” “Okay, Daddy!” said the boy, running out of the room. Five minutes later, the boy returned, __63__(scream),“Daddy, let's play catch now!” By this time, the father had opened another cold beer and another match was beginning.__64__(patient) with the boy's interruption, the dad brought a magazine to his son. On the cover of the magazine was a large picture of the world. The father, who was angry and__65__(bother), began tearing the magazine cover into small__66__.Then, the father turned to his boy and said, “Son, once you put this picture back together, we can play catch, but do not interrupt me again__67__you finish.” A few minutes later, the boy returned and said,“I__68__(finish),Daddy! Can we play catch now?”Surprised, the lather glanced towards his child, and__69__lay the magazine with the world pieced perfectly together in his small hands. The dad asked his child how he put the world together so quickly. “__70__was simple,” said the boy.“On the back of the world was the picture of a person, and once I put the person together, that's when the world came together.” 61.________62.________63.________64.________ 65.________66.________67.________68.________ 69.________70.________ 【文章大意】这是一个小故事,孩子不断打断父亲,要父亲陪他出去玩球,在看电视的父亲是如何支开孩子的,孩子又做了些什么呢? 61.解析:考查冠词。语境表示父亲正在看一场篮球比赛,故应在basketball match前加冠词a,泛指“一场篮球比赛”。 答案:a 62.解析:考查介词。stare at表示“盯着……看”。 答案:at 63.解析:考查非谓语动词。本空所在句子的两个动词return和scream之间没有连词,又the boy与scream之间是主谓关系,因此本空用觋在分词作伴随状语。 答案:screaming 64.解析:考查形容词。从语境的连贯看,这里应该用形容词短语impatient with...作状语,表示“对……不耐烦”。 答案:Impatient 65.解析:考查非谓语动词。语境表示父亲很生气,很恼火,故用botherered“烦恼的”。 答案:bothered 66.解析:考查名词搭配。这里用tear...into pieces表示“把……撕成碎片”。 答案:pieces 67.解析:考查状语从句。语境表示“在你做完之前不要来打扰我”,故用until或before 引导时间状语从句。 答案:until/before 68.解析:考查时态。孩子说他把事情做完了,故用现在完成时表示从说话时为止已经完成了的动作。 答案:have finished 69.解析:考查句式。这里用there lay句式表示“……就在那里放着”。 答案:there 70.解析:考查代词。这里用代词It,That或This指代前面提到的“把这张图画粘贴到一起”这件事。 答案:It/That/This 第二节语法填空(共10小题,每小题1.5分,满分15分) 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last summer, my friend and I hired a car and headed for Toronto. We didn't book a hotel room as it was at the beginning of September and we thought it would be easy for us__61__(find) a hotel. we__62__(drive) for five hours when the weather changed and it looked like a thunderstorm was coming. We got lost and both Were exhausted__63__I saw an old lady parking het car. I stopped and asked if she knew a hotel nearby. She said there was a hotel down the road,__64__it woulld have been closed. The__65__(love)old lady looked at me—I must have had a really anxious look on my face, and said,“Why don't you girls just stay the night at__66__house? I'll cook for you.” We ended up going to__67__little island in Lake Muskoka, where her husband was just working on his boat. We slept in the comfortable beds they built__68__their kids and grandchildren, and they cooked for us. We stayed at their house for three nights__69__all and also met their friends.Those days were the__70__(good) part of our three-week trip! We were glad that we got lost and met the old lady. 61.________62.________63.________64.________ 65.________66.________67.________68.________ 69.________70.________ 【文章大意】两位女士在多伦多旅游,在连续开车5个小时寻找旅馆无果时得到了一位陌生的热心考太太的帮助。 61.解析:考查非谓语动词。不定式短语to find a hotel是真正的主语,it是形式主语。 答案:to find 62.解析:考查动词的时态。根据语境可知,天气变了,雷雨要来时,作者和她的朋友已经连续开车达5个小时,并且还要继续开下去,故用过去完成进行时。 答案:had been driving 63.解析:考查连词。作者和她的朋友迷了路,并且都已筋疲力尽,这时作者看到一位老太太正在泊车。 答案:when 64.解析:考查连词。空处前后是转折关系,故用but。老太太说沿着公路就有个旅馆,但这个旅馆可能已经歇业了。 答案:but 65.解析:考查词性转换。根据空后的“old lady”可知这里应填形容词。lovely是形容词,意为“亲切的,可爱的”,用来修饰人。 答案:lovely 66.解析:考查代词。根据上文内容可知,老太太建议作者和她的朋友住在她的家里。 答案:my 67.解析:考查冠词。这里指“一个小岛”,表泛指,故用不定冠词。 答案:a 68.解析:考查介词。“我们”睡在他们为自己的孩子和孙子们建造的舒服的床上。for 意为“给,对”,表示对象。 答案:for 69.解析:考查固定短语。in all“合计,总共”。作者和朋友在老太太的家里“总共”住了三个晚上。 答案:in 70.解析:考查形容词的最高级。作者认为在老太太家的那三天是她们三周旅行中“最美好的”时光。 答案:best ?(2)对话体 ?Mum: (putting on her coat) I'm going to have to go down to the shop for more bread. ?Alan: Why? ?Mum: I'm not sure what 1 (happen). I made some sandwiches earlier and left them on the table 2 I went to answer the phone. But someone must have taken them because they're 3 (go). ?Alan: Oh, it must have been Dad. I'm sure he was in the kitchen 4 (early). ?Mum: No, he went off to his tennis match before I finished 5 (make) them, so he couldn't have done it. 6 , he couldn't carry a plate of sandwiches as well as all his tennis stuff, so I'm sure 7 wasn't him. ?Alan: (opening the fridge door) Well, it wasn't me. But Mum, look! Are these your sandwiches here on the bottom shelf of 8 fridge? ?Mum: Are they there? Oh, my goodness. I 9 (put) them in there when the phone rang. Oh, dear. I really must be losing my 10 . Now, why did I put on my coat? 1.happened 2.when 3. gone 4. earlier 5. making 6. Anyway 7. it 8. the 9. must have put 10. mind/memory 第二节语法填空(共10小题,每小题1.5分,满分15分) 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 White:British railways are a nationalized industry.There's only one railway system in the country.If you don't like a particular kind of big beans,you can go and buy__61__. But if you don't like a particular railway, you can't go and use another. Marine:I don't think we do anything on purpose to upset our customers. Since 1946,__62__the Transport Act came in, we have been nationalized. White:Has it been a good thing for the railways nationalized? Marine:Oh, I think__63__,yes. Let's face__64__fact.The car arrived and would stay. There is no question about that. White:So what are you saying then? Does__65__mean that if the railways are nationalized, they would simply disappear? Marine:Oh, I think so. They__66__(disappear) fast in America.Er, the French railways lose I billion pounds a year.The German railways lose 2 billion pounds a year.__67__you see,those governments are preparing to pour money into the transport system to keep it__68__(go). White:So in a sense, you are__69__two extremes. On the one hand, you're trying not to lose too much money. And on the other hand, you've got to provide__70__(good)service. Marine:Yes, yon are right. 61.________62.________63.________64.________ 65.________66.________67.________68.________ 69.________70.________ 【文章大意】双方谈论的话题是英国的铁路系统。他们认为铁路国有化不利于铁路的发展,尽管政府会投资,但铁路公司依然会赔钱。 61.解析:考查不定代词。根据下文暗示“you can't go and use another”可知答案。句意:如果你不喜欢某种豆子,你可以去买另外一种。 答案:another 62.解析:考查定语从句的关系词。此处when指代先行词1946,并在定语从句中充当时间状语。 答案:when 63.解析:考查代词。在动词think后,指代前面所提到的内容,用代词so。 答案:so 64.解析:考查冠词。此处the fact表示铁路系统国有化这一特定事实。 答案:the 65.解析:考查it的用法。此处it指代上文对方所说的内容。 答案:it 66.解析:考查时态。根据上下文语境可知此处应用现在进行时,强调正在进行或发生的动作。 答案:are disappearing 67.解析:考查逻辑关系。上下文之间存在逻辑上的转折关系,因此用hut。 答案:But 68.解析:考查现在分词作宾语补足语keep...going“使……运转”,该结构用现在分词作宾语补足语。 答案:going 69.解析:考查介词。从某种意义上说,你处于两种极端之间。 答案:between 70.解析:考查形容词的最高级。根据上文语境“two extrenles”可知,此处指最好的服务。 答案:the best 第二节书面表达(满分25分) 假如你是新华中学的学生李华,你的外籍教师Mr Smith征求你们对他所授 的英语课的意见。请你用英语给他写一封信,内容包括: 1. 感谢老师的付出; 2. 指出老师教学的优点; 3. 提出一至两条建议。 答案: Dear Mr Smith, I'd like to take this opportunity to express my gratitude to you for your generous help, without which I wouldn't make such rapid progress. In my eyes, you are a qualified teacher as well as a close friend. Patient, humorous and energetic, you are always making the class lively and interesting. It was your devotion and enthusiasm that inspired us and aroused our thirst for English. Meanwhile, I have some suggestions for you. If possible, I hope you can introduce more Western cluture, which can enrich our life and broaden our horizons. Besides, I would appreciate it if you could organize some activities, for example, the English speech contest, through which we can make better use of what we have learned. I hope you will find these suggestions practical. Best wishes. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节书面表达(满分25分) 近日,是否要在中学进行英语口语考试的话题引起了学生们的热议,某中学生英语报也举办了以“Spoken English Test in Middle Schools”为主题的征文活动。请你根据下面提示的内容,用英语写一篇短文向该报投稿。 1. 简要介绍你们班同学目前的英语口语水平; 2. 说明你对中学进行英语口语考试的态度,并给出至少两个支持(或反对)的理由。 注意:1. 词数120左右。短文的开头已给出(不计入总词数); 2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 答案: Recently there has been a heated discussion among students about whether it's necessary to have spoken English tests in middle schools. As far as I know, most of my classmates can read English aloud fluently and only a few of us find it difficult to read long words correctly. Some of them are lack of confidence when speaking English in public. I strongly believe it a necessity to hold a test of spoken English in middle schools because students will have more time and opportunities to practise their listening and speaking in English classes. What's more, the ability to speak fluent English vill bring us a wide variety of chances. We could become successful applicants for some posts by talking directly to experts from English-speaking countries in the future. Whether I'll take the test or not, I wil spare no effort on my spoken English. 第二节书面表达(满分25分) 假定你是学生会主席李华。为提高同学们的阅读兴趣,你校将于寒假过后(3月19日下午2:00)在教学楼201室举行读书交流活动,请用英文写一篇通知,号召全体学生积极准备参加。要点如下: 1. 活动时间、地点; 2. 活动目的; 3. 交流内容; 4. 欢迎参加。 注意:1. 词数100左右,标题和落款已给出,不计入总词数; 2. 可适当加入细节,以使内容充实、行文连贯。 答案: Notice In order to improve the students' interest in reading, our school is to hold an activity in Room 201 of the teaching building at 2:00 pm on March 19. All the students are welcome to the activity, where the participants are expected to exchange views about what they read. Besides, you can recommend books to others to read. It is hoped that all the students should spend more time reading during the coming winter holiday in order to have something to share with other students. Let's seize the chance and make good preparations for it! The Student Union 第二节书面表达(满分25分) 假设你是李华,你市将建一个大型图书馆,考虑到残疾人的需要,请你写一封信给负责该项目的项国设计师,提出一些合理化建议。要点如下: 1. 入口处应建轮椅坡道,馆内应设残疾人专用通道和卫生间; 2. 阅览室应设在一楼,并配置盲人专用软件; 3. 书架高度的设计应考虑坐轮椅的残疾人。 注意:1. 词数120—150; 2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯; 3. 参考词汇:坡道ramp 答案: Dear Sir or Madam, I have heard that you are to he the designer for the new library in our city. Considering the needs of disabled people, I would like to offer several suggestions. First, a ramp for wheelchairs must be designed at the entrance to the library, and special passages and toilets should be built to ensure the disabled can use them easily. Besides, reading rooms should be on the first floor.What's more, all the computers should be equipped with special software for the blind. Thus, they can freely do typing, upload and download information and so on with the help of the sound instructions. In addition, book shelves should be designed to be reached by people in wheelehairs. I hope you will find these suggestions practical. I will highly appreciate your consideration of my proposals. Yours faithfully, Li Hua 第二节书面表达(满分25分) 假设你叫李华,你的英国朋友Crown写信说他打算学习汉语,让你帮他推荐一本汉语词典。请你根据以下题示给他回信。 1. 推荐《现代汉语学习词典》商务印书馆出版(定价:68元) 2. 推荐理由:外观设计精美;大字号,方便查阅;词例丰富实用,适合初级学习者。 3. 希望对方满意。 注意:1. 词数:100左右商务印书馆:the Commerical Press 《现代汉语学习词典》:Contemporary Chinese Learning Dictionary 2. 开头已写好,不计入总词数。 3. 可适当增加细节,使行文连贯。 答案: Possible version: Dear Crown: I'm so glad to learn that you're going to study Chinese. First of all, I should recommend you the Contemporary Chinese Learning Dictionary, which is published by the Commercial Press. For it is intended for Chinese learning beginners and it will suit you fine. Its beautiful design in big letters makes it convenient for you to look up the words. More importantly, the entries are abundant and practical. Last but not the least it is cheap at a price of 68 RMB. I hope the Contemporary Chinese Learning Dictionary will meet your needs and be of great help to you. Best wishes. Yours, Li Hua 第二节书面表达(满分25分) 假设你是李华,得知一家国际贸易发展公司现招聘经理秘书,你有意应聘此职位。请按要求用英语给该公司写一封求职信。内容包括: 1. 个人情况:年龄、性别、学历等; 2. 个人优势:英语好、善于交往,喜欢具有挑战性的工作,有两年保险公司秘书工作经验。 注意: 1. 词数120左右(开头和结尾已为你写好,但不计入总词数); 2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯; 3. 参考词汇:保险公司insurance company 答案: Dear Sir or Madam, I'm w riting to express my interest in your recently ad v ertised position for a secretary to the general manager. I am fully confident that I am the right person for the job. I am Li Hua, a girl of 23, I graduated from Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, able to communicate with foreigners in English freely. What's more, I can get along with others easily. I know that a secretary has to deal with a lot of problems each day; however, it is exactly the challenge in my future job that attracts me and makes me apply for this position. I have worked as a secretarty in an insurance company for two years and gained much experience. I believe my ability and work experience will combine to produce an excellent work performance. I hope to have the opportunity of an interview. I can be reached at 5369-95188. Thank you for considering my application. Yours faith fully, Li Hua