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Lesson 6 The Summer Palace Situated in western outskirts of ...

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Lesson 6 The Summer Palace Situated in western outskirts of ...Lesson 6 The Summer Palace Situated in western outskirts of ... Lesson 6 The Summer Palace Situated in western outskirts of Beijing, the Summer Palace is 10 kilometers from the central city. It is the best-preserved imperial garden in the world and the larg...

Lesson 6 The Summer Palace Situated in western outskirts of ...
Lesson 6 The Summer Palace Situated in western outskirts of ... Lesson 6 The Summer Palace Situated in western outskirts of Beijing, the Summer Palace is 10 kilometers from the central city. It is the best-preserved imperial garden in the world and the largest of its kind still in existence in China today. The Summer Palace has a history of over 800 years. It goes back to ththe Jin Dynasty and was first built at the beginning of the 12 century. In the history this imperial palace was changed many times in different dynasties, especially in Qing Dynasty. With the Qing Dynasty entering it’s flourishing period, the building of imperial gardens reached its culmination. At that time the garden was called the Garden of Clear Ripples, here most of the buildings, pavilions, towers and courtyards are imitation of the southern scenery of our country. Emperor Qianlong made six trips to the South of the Yangtze River for inspection in his lifetime. He loved the small and exquisite gardens of southern style architecture so much, therefore, he described himself as a true lover of gardens. Wherever he saw a beautiful place, a scenic spot or a garden that suited his fancy, he would order the court painters accompanying him on the trip to draw a sketch picture of the place, later to be used as the reference for the construction of the garden in Beijing. That is why people can see the architectures in the Summer Palace with the southern ideas and skills combined with the northern traditions. It was really an embodiment of another climax in the development of Chinese landscape gardening. In 1860, the Anglo-French Allied Forces invaded Beijing. The invaders entered the Imperial Garden just like robbers. They did nothing but plundering the treasures from the imperial gardens and setting fire on the buildings. In 1888, during the Qing Emperor Guangxu’s reign, Empress Dowager Cixi spent a fabulous sum of money having the Garden of Clear Ripples rebuilt, the money she spent to rebuild the Garden was pinched from the navy fund, which intended for the development of Chinese navy, and then she renamed it the Summer Palace. In 1900, the Allied Forces of Eight Powers invaded Beijing. The Summer Palace was once again severely damaged. Empress Dowager Cixi escaped to Xi’an together with Emperor Guangxu. So the invaders occupied the Summer Palace for almost one year. They took everything valuable and destroyed most of the buildings, temples and halls, even the stone statues in the temple on the wall. In 1902, Empress Dowager Cixi returned from Xi’an back to Beijing. She ordered the garden rebuilt immediately. Fabulous sum of money was spent to have the Summer Palace reconstructed the second time. After that Empress Dowager Cixi came to live in the Summer Palace from April to October every year for the rest of her life. The Summer Palace became not only her Summer Resort and pleasure garden for her birthday celebration, but also the secondary imperial palace for the administration. The Summer Palace today is more or less the same as the Summer Palace was rebuilt in 1903. The Summer Palace was opened to the public in 1924 and included in the UNESCO world heritage list in 1998. The Summer Palace occupies a total area of over 290 hectares. It is formed mainly with Longevity Hill and Kunming Lake. The Longevity Hill is an extension of the Western Hill, which belongs to Yanshan Mountain Range. Kunming Lake, with an exquisite building in the middle, covers three-fourths of the total area. The garden consists of three parts: the political activity area, the empress's living quarter and the scenic area which separately centers on the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity, the Hall of Jade Ripples and the Hall of Happiness and Longevity, and Longevity Hill and Kunming Lake. The groups of buildings, hills and lakes, together with the background of West Hills, give an ever changing scene. The buildings on the southern slope of Longevity Hill are characteristic of the garden. Cloud-Dispelling Hall, the Pavilion of the Buddhist Incense and the Wisdom Sea on the axis line are flanked by the Wheel Hall, Wufang Pavilion and Baoyun Pavilion and are major attractions. The Pavilion of the Buddhist Incense is 41 meters high and stands on a 20-meter-high terrace. At the foot of Longevity Hill is the 728-meter-long passageway which links the three areas together. The passageway is famous for its paintings and at its western end is a 36-meter-long Marble Boat. The bridges of the western causeway of Kunming Lake are replicas of the bridges of famous Su and Bai causeways on West Lake in Hangzhou. The marble Seventeen-Arch Bridge which spans the Eastern Causeway to South Lake Island has balusters topped by 540 carved lions in different poses. Back Lake at the northern foot of Longevity Hill is natural and peaceful. On its bank is Suzhou Street, a replica of a commercial street in the old days. At the northeastern corner of the garden there is the Garden of Harmonious Interest which imitates the famous Jichang Garden in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province. Diminutive and elegant, it is known as a garden within a garden. Notes: 1. the best-preserved imperial garden:保留最完好的皇家园林 2. flourishing period:繁荣鼎盛时期 3. reached its culmination:达到顶点 4. the Garden of Clear Ripples:清漪园 5. Emperor Qianlong made six trips to the South of the Yangtze River for inspection:乾隆皇帝六下江南 6. the court painters:宫廷画师 7. with the southern ideas and skills combined with the northern traditions:南方创意和技巧与北方传统相结合 8. the Anglo-French Allied Forces:英法联军 9. Empress Dowager Ci Xi:慈禧太后 10. a large sum of money which had been appropriated to build a Chinese navy:一大笔用来建中国海军的经费 11. the Allied Forces of Eight Powers:八国联军 12. the UNESCO world heritage list:世界文化遗产名录 13. the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity :仁寿殿 14. the Hall of Jade Ripples: 玉澜堂 15. the Hall of Happiness and Longevity :乐寿堂 16. the Longevity Hill :万寿山 17. the Pavilion of the Buddhist Incense:佛香阁 18. the Wisdom Sea:智慧海 19.Su and Bai causeways on West Lake:西湖苏堤和白堤 20. Seventeen-Arch Bridge:十七孔桥 21. the Marble Boat :石舫 22. Jichang Garden :寄畅园 Exercises: I.Answer the following questions according to the passage: 1. When was the Summer Palace first built and how long does it have a history? 2. In 1860, who invaded Beijing? What did the invaders entered the Imperial Garden just like? 3. How long did Cixi came to live in the Summer Palace every year for the rest of her life? 4. Which buildings on the southern slope of Longevity Hill are characteristic of the garden? 5. What is the passageway famous for? II. Translation: 1. Put Chinese into English: 1) 这里被誉为“避暑仙境”,是理想的游览和度假胜地。 2) 此地自然风景优美,气候宜人,生态保持平衡,自古就被视为世 外桃源。 3) 多美的景色~这湖面就是一幅风景画。 4) 有“天下第一奇山”之称的黄山,兼有泰山之雄伟,庐山之飞瀑, 衡山之怪石,峨眉之清凉。 5) 黄山向来以奇松,怪石,云海,温泉“四绝”著称于世。 2. Put English into Chinese: 1) The Summer Palace is the largest and the best preserved of the imperial garden in China. 2) We can go up the Longevity Hill and have a broad view of all the fascinating scenes from there. 3) The gate with one bronze lion by each side looks very grand. 4) High and magnificent, the pavilion was well designed and laid out. Up onto the pavilion and looking far into the distance, you can have a panoramic view of the landscape of the Daming Lake and the Thousand-Buddha Hill and the new looks of Jinan city. 5)At a time, when most other hotels went into bankruptcy, Hilton managed to keep 5 of his hotels.
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