涵洞总体施工方案 郑西铁路客运专线

涵洞总体施工 方案 气瓶 现场处置方案 .pdf气瓶 现场处置方案 .doc见习基地管理方案.doc关于群访事件的化解方案建筑工地扬尘治理专项方案下载 郑西铁路客运专线 1.工程概况 郑西铁路客运专线ZXZQ06标段第三项目经理部路基工区承担DK441+509.94，DIK444+350段综合工程的施工～全长2.84公里～地处陕西省西安市临潼区新丰镇。主要工程:该管段有12座涵洞、4座箱形桥～全部位于新临潼车站站场内。 涵洞结构形式均为单孔框架涵。出入口为无提高节形式～各种孔径均设置八字翼墙。涵身基底按无基设计～出入口翼墙和自洞口向内2m范围内设置1m厚混凝土整体式基础～涵身设置10cm厚混凝土垫层。对于按各类桩基处理的地基～在桩顶铺设0.5m厚三七灰土垫层后再做涵洞基础。其边墙和基础均按耐久性设计。涵身采用钢筋混凝土框架结构～在涵身施工采用跳涵节施工。 2主要工程数量 新临潼车站DK441+509.94-DIK444+350段共有涵洞12座～共计709.62延迷。,具体见 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 一, 表一涵洞工程数量统计 序里程 孔径 结构形式 涵长,横延米, 斜交角度 号 1 DK441+585 4.0×4.7 钢筋混凝土框架涵 54.18 正交 2 DIK442+314 2.0×2.0 钢筋混凝土框架涵 56.22 正交 3 DIK442+780 2.0×2.5 钢筋混凝土框架涵 58.22 正交 4 DIK442+908 6.0×4.5 钢筋混凝土框架涵 64.26 正交 5 DIK443+050 1.5×2.0 钢筋混凝土框架涵 67.26 正交 6 DIK443+090 6.0×4.5 钢筋混凝土框架涵 64.22 正交 7 DIK443+250 2.0×2.5 钢筋混凝土框架涵 67.26 正交 8 DIK443+405 6.0×4.5 钢筋混凝土框架涵 63.22 正交 9 DIK443+520 2.0×2.5 钢筋混凝土框架涵 66.22 正交 10 DIK443+815 6.0×4.5 钢筋混凝土框架涵 52.22 正交 11 DIK443+906 2.0×2.5 钢筋混凝土框架涵 52.20 正交 12 DIK444+239 6.0×4.5 钢筋混凝土框架涵 44.14 正交 3.施工工期、进度 3.1.施工工期 新临潼车站DK441+509.94-DIK444+350段共有涵洞12座～其中有10座涵洞可以施工～ 计划 项目进度计划表范例计划下载计划下载计划下载课程教学计划下载 工期137天。计划2007年8月1日开工～如果房屋拆coefficient of linear expansion for pipe, unit: mm/(m. c); Working temperature of Δt for pipeline and installation the ambient temperature difference of unit: ?; L-pipe length unit: m; Drain pipe, water pipe, steam pipe and high pressure pipe connection or design a clear need to take over seats, should be suitable to take over, weld must have adequate strength. Drain funnel should be located in the line of sight and parts and pipes have bias and does not jeopardize the equipment and personal safety, avoid located close to the main channel, electrical enclosures, power head. DN low pressure pipe systems in ... 6.5.4 cold check shall not without compensating device for thermal pipe 迁不影响施工～于2007年12月20日前完成涵洞施工。为了保证施工工期顺利完成和施工质量涵洞施工分为4个工作段同时开工进行流水施工。 3.2.施工进度 根据施工现场情况和工期要求～将涵洞工程施工进度具体安排如下,具体见表二,。 表二 施工进度安排表 涵洞里程 计划开工时间 计划完成时间 计划工期 备注 DIK442+908 8月1日 10月5日 66 6.0×4.5 DIK443+050 10月4日 11月23日 50 1.5×2.0 DIK443+815 10月10日 12月19日 70 6.0×4.5 DIK443+520 8月10日 10月5日 56 2.0×2.5 DIK442+780 8月6日 10月1日 57 2.0×2.5 DIK443+090 10月7日 12月17日 71 6.0×4.5 DIK443+405 8月3日 10月7日 64 6.0×4.5 DIK443+906 10月8日 12月15日 68 2.0×2.5 DIK442+314 9月1日 11月3日 64 2.0×2.0 DK443+250 10月3日 12月5日 63 2.0×2.5 DIK441+585 4.0×4.7 房屋拆迁和地基处理未完成～未进行工期安排 DIK444+239 6.0×4.5 3.3工序安排 1、DIK442+908涵洞:,一,1、7、11、14 涵节,,二,2、6、8、12涵节,,三,？、,、,、13涵节;,四,,、10涵节。 2、DIK443+405涵洞:,一,1、5、8、12 涵节,,二,2、4、6、10涵节,,三,？、7、9、11涵节。 coefficient of linear expansion for pipe, unit: mm/(m. c); Working temperature of Δt for pipeline and installation the ambient temperature difference of unit: ?; L-pipe length unit: m; Drain pipe, water pipe, steam pipe and high pressure pipe connection or design a clear need to take over seats, should be suitable to take over, weld must have adequate strength. Drain funnel should be located in the line of sight and parts and pipes have bias and does not jeopardize the equipment and personal safety, avoid located close to the main channel, electrical enclosures, power head. DN low pressure pipe systems in ... 6.5.4 cold check shall not without compensating device for thermal pipe 4.劳动力、材料、设备配备 4.1.劳动力组织 4.1.1. 施工组织机构 ,1,.施工管理组织机构 根据本工程施工要求～工区依据施工需要组建了以项目 总工程师 总工程师简历总工程师简历总工程师简历总工程师简历总工程师简历 为技术总指导～工区经理为施工总负责人的施工管理组织机构～下设工程技术、安全质量、试验、测量等业务机构～将责任落实到人。 施工技术人员:牛西宁～陈涛～王满库～张坤。牛西宁桥涵组总负责～张坤桥涵组资料负责～王满库、陈涛负责桥涵施工技术及现场～陈涛负责钢筋加工场,肖佳负责桥涵测量放线。 ,2,施工队伍组织 根据涵洞工程工期紧的特点～计划安排2个涵洞施工队～1个钢筋加工厂～1个混凝土拌和站～1个混凝土运输队。 4.1.2.劳动力配置 根据涵洞工程数量和工期要求～现将施工人员配置及分工情况安排如下,见表四,。 表四 施工人员配置 工 种 数量 职责 钢筋工 30 负责钢筋加工与绑扎 架子工 15 负责涵洞模板支护 混凝土工 15 负责涵洞混凝土施工 焊工 8 负责钢筋焊接、对接 普工 12 配合涵洞施工 in ... 6.5.4 cold check shall not without compensating device for thermal pipe stemsment and personal safety, avoid located close to the main channel, electrical enclosures, power head. DN low pressure pipe systrength. Drain funnel should be located in the line of sight and parts and pipes have bias and does not jeopardize the equip r seats, should be suitable to take over, weld must have adequatepipe length unit: m; Drain pipe, water pipe, steam pipe and high pressure pipe connection or design a clear need to take ove-; L?nd installation the ambient temperature difference of unit: coefficient of linear expansion for pipe, unit: mm/(m. c); Working temperature of Δt for pipeline a3 司机 8 负责混凝土运输和弃土运输 电工 2 负责施工电线路架设与维护 技术员 6 负责测量放线和技术管理 木工 5 负责模板加工 起重工 3 负责操作吊车 机械操作手 8 负责操作挖机和翻斗车 修理工 2 负责机械维修 4.2.施工材料 4.2.1.钢材 涵洞工程钢筋由甲方统一招标供应。钢材进场后经试验检验合格后方可用于施工。 4.2.2.混凝土 混凝土由第二拌和站集中拌和由施工便道运至施工现场～经现场检验合格后可用于浇注施工。 4.2.3.防水材料 防水材料由甲方统一供应～进场后经实验合格即可用于施工。 4.2.4.模板 模板根据涵洞孔径和涵节长度不同～分别制作了2×2.5m涵洞模板:39m、6×4.5m涵洞模板:63m;4×4.7m涵洞模板:12m、2×2.0m涵洞模板:12m～可以满足施工要求。 4.3(机械设备配备 根据涵洞工程施工需要～配备发电机3台～电焊机2台～钢筋弯曲机2台～钢筋切割机2台～钢筋调直机2台～机械翻斗车5台～钢筋对焊机1台～吊车2台～混凝土罐车6台～挖掘机2台～洒水车1台～具体配置见表五。 表五 机械配置表 序名 称 型号 规格 单位 数量 自有/租赁 性能 coefficient of linear expansion for pipe, unit: mm/(m. c); Working temperature of Δt for pipeline and installation the ambient temperature difference of unit: ?; L-pipe length unit: m; Drain pipe, water pipe, steam pipe and high pressure pipe connection or design a clear need to take over seats, should be suitable to take over, weld must have adequate strength. Drain funnel should be located in the line of sight and parts and pipes have bias and does not jeopardize the equipment and personal safety, avoid located close to the main channel, electrical enclosures, power head. DN low pressure pipe systems in ... 6.5.4 cold check shall not without compensating device for thermal pipe 号 1 电焊机 BX1-300 20KW 台 2 自有 良好 2 钢筋弯曲机 WJ-40 40mm 台 2 自有 良好 3 钢筋切断机 QJ-40 40mm 台 2 自有 良好 4 钢筋调直机 GTJ-14 14mm 台 2 自有 良好 5 机动翻斗车 JS-IJ 1.1t 台 5 租赁 良好 6 抽水机 100D-16X 11kw 台 2 自有 良好 7 发电机 110GT 110kw 台 2 租赁 良好 8 发电机 60GT 60kw 台 1 自有 良好 9 钢筋对焊机 台 1 自有 良好 310 混凝土罐车 斯太尔 台 6 租赁 良好 m 8 311 挖掘机 EX220 台 2 租赁 良好 0.7m 12 吊 车 20t 台 1 租赁 良好 13 吊 车 8t 台 1 租赁 良好 13 洒水车 8t 辆 1 自有 良好 14 蛙式打夯机 台 2 自有 良好 15 自卸汽车 15t 台 2 自有 良好 16 插入式振动器 2.2kw 个 8 自有 良好 CA25自行式压17 CA25 台 1 租赁 良好 路机 18 平板震动器 台 2 租赁 良好 19 铁抹 个 10 自有 良好 20 木抹 个 10 自有 良好 不小于21 钢筋运输车辆 辆 1 租赁 良好 18米 5.施工组织 5.1.施工准备 in ... 6.5.4 cold check shall not without compensating device for thermal pipe stemsment and personal safety, avoid located close to the main channel, electrical enclosures, power head. DN low pressure pipe systrength. Drain funnel should be located in the line of sight and parts and pipes have bias and does not jeopardize the equip r seats, should be suitable to take over, weld must have adequatepipe length unit: m; Drain pipe, water pipe, steam pipe and high pressure pipe connection or design a clear need to take ove-; L?nd installation the ambient temperature difference of unit: coefficient of linear expansion for pipe, unit: mm/(m. c); Working temperature of Δt for pipeline a5 5.1.1.施工机械已按施工需要进场～已报验合格可以用于涵洞工程施工。 5.1.2.施工材料储备充足～经试验检测合格可用于施工。 5.1.3.为施工方便～将水准点已全部引至施工现场。经测量水准点符合要求～能满足施工要求。 5.1.4.模板加工制作 涵洞浇筑按跳节进行～模板配置按最长跳开节段需要的模板长度确定。根据涵洞孔径、涵节长度同一孔径同一类型模板按优先采用标准的原则～每个涵洞配置两个涵节钢模板。 5.2.基础 涵洞基底处理与同段路基地基处理形式相同。 5.2.1基础的定位放样 ,1,测定基坑中心线、方向、高程。 在基坑开挖前～先进行基础的定位放线。根据纵、横轴线～推算出基础边线～再用白灰撒出基坑的开挖范围。 5.2.2.基坑开挖 基坑开挖到位后～联系监理及设计单位进行地基承载力试验和地质情况核实～且满足设计要求后按“图一”示意开挖基坑。由于基坑位于CFG桩和水泥土挤密桩区～故不放坡开挖基坑。基坑开挖采用人工配合挖掘机放坡开挖～先用挖掘机开挖～预留20-30cm人工挖除。 原地面原地面D1:0.5 1:0.5基 础 3:7灰土垫层 D+160 基础开挖示意图 coefficient of linear expansion for pipe, unit: mm/(m. c); Working temperature of Δt for pipeline and installation the ambient temperature difference of unit: ?; L-pipe length unit: m; Drain pipe, water pipe, steam pipe and high pressure pipe connection or design a clear need to take over seats, should be suitable to take over, weld must have adequate strength. Drain funnel should be located in the line of sight and parts and pipes have bias and does not jeopardize the equipment and personal safety, avoid located close to the main channel, electrical enclosures, power head. DN low pressure pipe systems in ... 6.5.4 cold check shall not without compensating device for thermal pipe 5.2.3基底处理及基础 ,1,涵洞地基处理由路基地基处理施工已完成～经检验合格。涵洞基础在路基地基处理的基础上设50cm三七灰土垫层。垫层顶面上做涵洞基础。涵洞翼墙和出入口各2米涵身范围内设置C20混凝土基础。涵身设置10cm 厚C20混凝土垫层。场地四周布置纵横向排水沟～基坑采取人工配合挖掘机进行开挖。地基强夯及挤密桩加固处理的施工工艺和方法同路基部分,50cm厚灰土垫层分两层摊铺～用CA-25自行式压路机碾压～压实度应符合设计要求。 ,2,砼基础及垫层施工 基础模板采用标准钢模板～尺寸不小于3015～模板表面必须平滑光顺～不得有缺损及凹凸不平的现象。模板严格按所放基坑位置安装～必须保证涵洞基础各部分设计形状尺寸及沉降缝位置正确。模板具有足够的强度、刚度和稳定性～安装前必须涂抹新机油或脱模剂。模板安装用钢管固定～设立拉筋～支撑要牢固～在浇筑过程中不能变形、跑模,且模板接缝处采用止水带或腻子封闭～保证严密～不得漏浆。安装完毕后～应抄平基础混凝土顶面标高并且在模板上作标记～基础顶面高程的允许误差应符合验标和设计要求。模板加固完毕后报请监理工程师验收～合格后立即进行混凝土灌注。混凝土灌注要分层、连续作业～在垫层部分采用平板振动振捣～在涵洞翼墙和涵洞出入口各2m砼基础采用插入式振动器振捣～在垫层和基础顶面采用木抹收面。基础施工时按设计要求设置沉降缝～并在沉降缝内设沥青木板。 5.2.5基底检验 ,1, 基底平面位置、尺寸大小和基底高程应符合验标和设计要求。 ,2,基底地质情况和承载力应与设计资料相符。 ,3,基底高程容许误差符合下列规定,见表七,: in ... 6.5.4 cold check shall not without compensating device for thermal pipe stemsment and personal safety, avoid located close to the main channel, electrical enclosures, power head. DN low pressure pipe systrength. Drain funnel should be located in the line of sight and parts and pipes have bias and does not jeopardize the equip r seats, should be suitable to take over, weld must have adequatepipe length unit: m; Drain pipe, water pipe, steam pipe and high pressure pipe connection or design a clear need to take ove-; L?nd installation the ambient temperature difference of unit: coefficient of linear expansion for pipe, unit: mm/(m. c); Working temperature of Δt for pipeline a7 表七 基底允许误差 土质 ?50mm 石质 +50mm～-200mm 5.3.钢筋加工及绑扎 钢筋加工由钢筋加工厂统一加工后～加工成品钢筋经检验合格后运至施工现场人工进行绑扎～钢筋绑扎间距严格按照设计、质量验收标准及施工技术指南要求布置和绑扎～绑扎完成经自检合格后报请监理工程师进行验收～监理验收合格后进行模板安装。在钢筋绑扎前1天必须将所用钢筋运至施工现场。 5.4.涵身模板安装及砼施工 墙身模板采用大块组合钢模板～人工安装～钢管方木支撑牢固,拉线调整箱涵侧墙模板～保证墙身顺直,沉降缝位置设塑料泡沫板。 立模前应在基础顶面放线～确定出墙身的位置～其尺寸必须正确无误。在基础顶面墙身范围内～凿毛表层混凝土并将混凝土残渣冲洗干净～然后立模～涵身模板采用组合钢模板～钢模板尺寸不少于6015。墙身模板内穿设拉筋～拉筋纵横向间距不大于60cm～拉筋外套用PVC管～立模后对其进行操平～在模板上标记混凝土面的位置。模板接缝处采用腻子封闭刮平～保证严密～不得漏浆～模板缝之间不能出现大于1mm错台。测量复核墙顶基座标高符合设计及规范要求后～浇筑砼。,模板拼装见图2, 框架涵洞浇筑分为两步进行～第一次浇筑底板至刃脚以上20cm左右～而后立内模、绑扎钢筋、立外模～一次浇筑完成。 砼采用集中拌和～溜槽溜送入模或根据现场情况采用搭设支架就地现浇的方法施工。为了确保施工质量～真正做到内实外美～采用分层浇筑法～插入式振动棒进行振捣～振捣过程中坚持“快插慢拔”的原则～每次振捣时间以砼不再下沉、无气泡上升、表面出现薄层水泥浆、并有均匀的外观和水平面为宜。振捣过程中注意振捣范围的把握～严防漏振、coefficient of linear expansion for pipe, unit: mm/(m. c); Working temperature of Δt for pipeline and installation the ambient temperature difference of unit: ?; L-pipe length unit: m; Drain pipe, water pipe, steam pipe and high pressure pipe connection or design a clear need to take over seats, should be suitable to take over, weld must have adequate strength. Drain funnel should be located in the line of sight and parts and pipes have bias and does not jeopardize the equipment and personal safety, avoid located close to the main channel, electrical enclosures, power head. DN low pressure pipe systems in ... 6.5.4 cold check shall not without compensating device for thermal pipe 偏振、重振～振捣时避免碰撞模板和钢筋。砼初凝之后～模板不得振动。搭设供操作人员行走的操作台～严禁施工人员在受力钢筋或支撑上行走。对要进行检测试验的涵洞～配合科研单位安装试验测试元器件～并积极配合其后续工作。 4×4.7涵洞内模板拼装示意图 对拉螺栓孔 2×2.5涵洞内模板拼装示意图2×2涵洞内模板拼装示意图 对拉螺栓孔 对拉螺栓孔 in ... 6.5.4 cold check shall not without compensating device for thermal pipe stemsment and personal safety, avoid located close to the main channel, electrical enclosures, power head. DN low pressure pipe systrength. Drain funnel should be located in the line of sight and parts and pipes have bias and does not jeopardize the equip r seats, should be suitable to take over, weld must have adequatepipe length unit: m; Drain pipe, water pipe, steam pipe and high pressure pipe connection or design a clear need to take ove-; L?nd installation the ambient temperature difference of unit: coefficient of linear expansion for pipe, unit: mm/(m. c); Working temperature of Δt for pipeline a9 6×4.7涵洞内模板拼装示意图 对拉螺栓孔 5.5.混凝土养生 砼浇筑完成后～应立即对砼进行养生～养生期应至少保持7天或监理工程师指示的天数。养生包括对未拆模的模板进行洒水和在砼表面覆盖不小于25mm厚的细砂或覆盖麻袋等能保持湿润的吸水材料并直接向结构物洒水养护。 5.6.混凝土拆模 混凝土养生七天后开始拆模～拆模顺序为先外模后内模依次拆模～先侧模后顶模。拆模时将模板及时清理干净并刷脱模剂运至下一涵节进行立模施工。 5.7.沉降缝 涵洞基础沉降缝在灌注砼前已填塞沥青木板～涵身沉降缝待墙身砼达到一定强度后即可撬出泡沫板～填塞粘土～外圈缝口先填塞MC-1型橡胶止水带～再填塞沥青浸制麻筋～内圈缝口塞填M10水泥砂浆并勾缝。 coefficient of linear expansion for pipe, unit: mm/(m. c); Working temperature of Δt for pipeline and installation the ambient temperature difference of unit: ?; L-pipe length unit: m; Drain pipe, water pipe, steam pipe and high pressure pipe connection or design a clear need to take over seats, should be suitable to take over, weld must have adequate strength. Drain funnel should be located in the line of sight and parts and pipes have bias and does not jeopardize the equipment and personal safety, avoid located close to the main channel, electrical enclosures, power head. DN low pressure pipe systems in ... 6.5.4 cold check shall not without compensating device for thermal pipe 6.8.防水层 防水层涂刷前～对涵身外表面进行处理～将表面杂物清扫干净。涵洞防水层按照甲种防水层施作。 6.9.出入口及附属工程 基坑用透水性好的材料对称填筑～按每层20cm厚水平对称摊铺～采用冲击夯夯实。涵洞出入口翼墙砼采用大块组合钢模现浇～钢管架支撑加固～帽石砼采用普通组合钢模现浇～砼浇筑完毕后及时覆盖～洒水养护。涵身施工完毕后～及时按设计要求做好涵洞的出入口铺砌及锥体、导流槽等附属工程的施工～确保交通和排水顺畅。 6.10.涵洞施工工艺流程图 基础开挖 原 机械材 设备料进 场 进基底验收 场 测 Y 量 放 线in ... 6.5.4 cold check shall not without compensating device for thermal pipe stemsment and personal safety, avoid located close to the main channel, electrical enclosures, power head. DN low pressure pipe systrength. Drain funnel should be located in the line of sight and parts and pipes have bias and does not jeopardize the equip r seats, should be suitable to take over, weld must have adequatepipe length unit: m; Drain pipe, water pipe, steam pipe and high pressure pipe connection or design a clear need to take ove-; L?nd installation the ambient temperature difference of unit: coefficient of linear expansion for pipe, unit: mm/(m. c); Working temperature of Δt for pipeline a11 抄 平 基础垫层施工 Y Y Y Y 机械C10混凝土垫层 设备Y 钢筋 报 验 加工 钢筋绑扎及立拆模 模 混凝土浇注 混凝土养护 拆模 翼墙及冒石立模 混凝土养护 混凝土浇注 涵洞口铺砌 及边坡护砌 7.质量控制 71.质量保证措施 ,1,涵洞机械挖基时预留20-30cm人工开挖清理,达到设计标高后～检查其断面尺寸、承载力是否满足设计要求～经监理检查合格并签字后才可进入下道工序。 ,2,涵洞所用的钢筋应检查其出厂证明～并进行抽检～合格后方可使用～钢筋在使用前应进行调直、除锈、去氧化皮,电焊工必须持证上岗～焊接头要经过试验合格后才允许正式作业。 ,3,所有进材料必须出场证明～并按《客运专线铁路桥涵工程质量验收标准》规定的试验批次进行试验合格后方可用于施工。 ,4,钢筋在安装时采用钢筋限位～应先划线后绑扎～竖向主筋和横向水平分布钢筋按照设计位置要求绑扎牢固～并保证钢筋的保护层厚度。 ,5,混凝土施工脚手架及支撑要搭设牢固～模板做到横平竖直～杜coefficient of linear expansion for pipe, unit: mm/(m. c); Working temperature of Δt for pipeline and installation the ambient temperature difference of unit: ?; L-pipe length unit: m; Drain pipe, water pipe, steam pipe and high pressure pipe connection or design a clear need to take over seats, should be suitable to take over, weld must have adequate strength. Drain funnel should be located in the line of sight and parts and pipes have bias and does not jeopardize the equipment and personal safety, avoid located close to the main channel, electrical enclosures, power head. DN low pressure pipe systems in ... 6.5.4 cold check shall not without compensating device for thermal pipe 绝跑模现象发生,捣固设专人进行作业～严格控制分层厚度、布点振捣～防止出现蜂窝、麻面。 ,6,涵洞工程砌体圬工施工时～要认真选好石料～砂浆严格按照配合比拌制～采用挤浆法砌筑～层间搭接满足砌体规范要求～砌体要大面平整～砂浆饱满～灰缝统一采用凹缝。 ,7,沉降缝、防水层严格按照设计以及施工规范要求施工～达到无渗漏。若发现渗水应及早返修。 ,8,涵背填土严格按规范要求施工～两侧对称夯填。涵顶填土厚度大于1m时～方可允许施工机械通过～防止混凝土出现开裂等人为破坏。 7.3.高性能混凝土施工质量控制措施 由于是客运专线施工～技术要求高。所以结构物混凝土全部按高性能耐久性设计～这需要混凝土的施工有更高的标准。主要的质量通病有裂缝、材料质量。 7.3.1 高性能耐久混凝土施工防裂控制措施 ,1, 严格监控原材料～对选用的水泥进行试验检测。选择收缩小、放热小的水泥品种～控制水泥的安定性。 ,2, 严格按施工配合比控制水胶比和水泥用量～精确减水剂和掺合料的掺量～控制混凝土的收缩和放热量～避免温度应力和收缩应力引发开裂。 ,3, 精心组织施工～避免高温天气施工～浇筑混凝土时～注意结构物阴阳面的温差不宜过大～防止产生过大的温度应力引发开裂～注意加强养护～特别是早期养护～要及时、充分。 ,4, 拆模时用千斤顶及倒链逐渐加力～严禁锤敲～以防结构物混凝土出现硬伤掉角。 7.3.2 高性能混凝土质量过程控制 in ... 6.5.4 cold check shall not without compensating device for thermal pipe stemsment and personal safety, avoid located close to the main channel, electrical enclosures, power head. DN low pressure pipe systrength. Drain funnel should be located in the line of sight and parts and pipes have bias and does not jeopardize the equip r seats, should be suitable to take over, weld must have adequatepipe length unit: m; Drain pipe, water pipe, steam pipe and high pressure pipe connection or design a clear need to take ove-; L?nd installation the ambient temperature difference of unit: coefficient of linear expansion for pipe, unit: mm/(m. c); Working temperature of Δt for pipeline a13 ,1,原材料按技术质量要求应由专人购买～专人管理～进场前要试验～进场时要进行严格的检验和复检。 ,2,混凝土中掺和料的掺和量应根据设计对混凝土各龄期强度、工作性和耐久性的要求以及施工环境条件特点并经过试验确定。 ,3,在进行混凝土配合比的试配工作中～应重点进行混凝土的抗裂性能的对比试验。根据对比试验结果应选抗裂性能优越的混凝土原材料和配合比～然后进行其他性能试验。 ,4,高性能混凝土搅拌前应严格测定粗细骨料的含水率～准确测定因天气变化引起的粗细骨料含水率变化量～以便及时调整施工配合比。一般情况下每班抽测两次～雨天应随时抽测～并按测定结果调整混凝土施工配合比。 ,5,高性能混凝土应采用强制式搅拌机拌制～混凝土原材料应采用标定合格的电子计量系统进行计量。计量后～先向搅拌机投入砂和石子搅拌均匀后～加水泥和细掺料搅拌均匀～然后再加水和外加剂～并搅拌均匀为止。 ,6,高性能混凝土浇筑完毕后～立即进行覆盖～待初凝后及时进行洒水养护,立面混凝土施工时～可在混凝土浇筑24，48h后略微松开模板～并浇水养护～保持混凝土表面湿润的养护期不少于14d。养护时间～淋注于混凝土表面的养护水温度低于混凝土表面温度时～二者间温差不宜大于15?。高性能混凝土养护期间应注意保温措施～防止混凝土表面温度受环境因素影响(如暴晒、气温骤降等)而发生开裂 coefficient of linear expansion for pipe, unit: mm/(m. c); Working temperature of Δt for pipeline and installation the ambient temperature difference of unit: ?; L-pipe length unit: m; Drain pipe, water pipe, steam pipe and high pressure pipe connection or design a clear need to take over seats, should be suitable to take over, weld must have adequate strength. Drain funnel should be located in the line of sight and parts and pipes have bias and does not jeopardize the equipment and personal safety, avoid located close to the main channel, electrical enclosures, power head. DN low pressure pipe systems in ... 6.5.4 cold check shall not without compensating device for thermal pipe in ... 6.5.4 cold check shall not without compensating device for thermal pipe stemsment and personal safety, avoid located close to the main channel, electrical enclosures, power head. DN low pressure pipe systrength. Drain funnel should be located in the line of sight and parts and pipes have bias and does not jeopardize the equip r seats, should be suitable to take over, weld must have adequatepipe length unit: m; Drain pipe, water pipe, steam pipe and high pressure pipe connection or design a clear need to take ove-; L?nd installation the ambient temperature difference of unit: coefficient of linear expansion for pipe, unit: mm/(m. c); Working temperature of Δt for pipeline a15