A/G雅思考试出题考点词,考点替换词,同义词汇总:(十分重要实用)
叶毅斌雅思捷径-剑桥
真题
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中同义替换词和考点
雅思阅读题目出题的本质是三种替换:同义词/词组替换,句型替换,语法替换,笔者将从这三方面根据学生课堂笔记进行分类整理。以下是剑桥真题中的考点词,替换词,一次多义总结:
1.rigid/ stiff/ unchanged/ little change 僵硬的,一成不变的
2.significant/enormous/dramatic/tremendous/appreciably/remarkable/crucial/ 巨大的,明显的,程度大的/substantial
3.approximately 将近-nearly, almost
4.proportion/ percentage 比例
5.be involved (in)/ involve in/ involvement [n.] 涉及,卷入,参与
6.given/ considering , in regard to / despite/ although 有鉴于
考虑到,尽管
6.induce [v] 引入,引导,引诱/ inductive [n] 归纳>< deduce /deductive推断
7.fortune/ destiny/ chances
8.deplete 开采完,耗尽/ exhaust –exhaust emission (尾气)排放/ exploit
9.complex 错综复杂的/ complicated/ sophisticated 老奸巨滑的,复杂的
10.capacity能力,容量/ competence (竞争)能力/ ability 能力(笼统的)
11.确保,保障:Secure-security/ ensure (insure)/ guarantee 押金
12.solely/ merely/ only
13.a vast array of 系列/ a great variety of 花样,品种/ a great rang 系列of
14.pesticide 杀虫/ suicide 自杀/ homicide/ murder杀人
15.believe/ assume (responsibility)/ suppose
16.授权,委托:authorize/ commission 佣金/ entitle 头衔+ ment =right (权利)
17.purchase/ buy
18. ethnic 种族的/ ethic 伦理,道德的+ s =[n ]
19. modify/ change [v] shift work 轮班工作[n]
20. insight/knowledge/ learning/ understanding/ knowing
21.constrain拘泥,限制/ restrict 限制/ limit
22. circumstance 环境(社会)/ surroundings/ environment 环境(环保)背景background 后台/ settings后台,布景/ context 上下文(文章中)
23.notorious 臭名昭著的/ flagrant臭的>
generate 生产,制造/ degrade ->grade 等级/ deteriorate 恶化,每况愈下
41. 分类:category-categorize/ class-classify
42. consequence后果->影响/ subsequence紧跟其后/ sequence=order秩序/ frequency频率
43.clash 冲突(民族,种族)/crash 飞机坠毁
44. substitution=> substitute sth for sb /replace
45.alternative=> 选择性,代替性,辅助性
46.孤立:isolate/ alienate/insulate隔绝,排外,孤立->be alien to/insulate (-ior) 绝缘,隔热(体)
47.缺点,不足之处:defect/ flaw/ failing/ disadvantage /drawback
48.创新的,发明的,新颖的,创新的:inventive (-tion)/ innovative (-tion)/ creative (-tion)/ ingenious (ity)/novel (-ty) =>[n]/creative/revolutionary
易错拼写:environment/ convenient
49.neutral 中立的,中性的/negative 否定,消极,阴性的/positive 肯定,积极,阳性的
50.ambiguous->ambiguity 模棱两可的,暧昧的/obscure
51.communicate 沟通,传达,通报
52.accommodate 1供...食宿,2=adapt to 适应,调整,3=hold 容纳,4使…停靠
53.commitment 1 ~ to sth 奉献2 责任,义务
54.contribute to 导致~ result in /account for (占据)导致
54.缺乏的,不足的:inadequate/ insufficient/ deficient/lack (of)/ short (of)
55.强调:emphasize/ stress/ highlight/ focus on/ concentrate on
明显的:apparently 显而易见的/patently 道貌岸然的/ obviously=>evidently
56.对…怀疑:(be) /skeptical/skeptical /dubious/ suspicious (about/of)
57.缺点,缺陷:drawback/ fault/ defect/ imperfection/ failing/ weakness/ shortcoming/ flaw
58.臭命昭著的:notorious->notoriety/ flagrant/ smelly/ odorous
59.机构,组织:association/ structure /organization
60.超过:exceed/ surpass
61.岩浆:molten rock/ lava/ magma
62.语言:linguist ~学家/ lingual和~有关的/ bilingual/ 双语
63.多种多样的:diversity/ variety/ breed/ species
breed:[n]品种,[v]繁殖,培养,引起,造成
64.dialect 方言 accent 腔调
65.开始的,初步的:begin/ launch/ initial (-ly) [v] 首字母,开始的/ initiate开始,发动->initiative 原创性= origin
66.贫穷:poor/ in poverty/ impoverished(被剥夺财产的)
67.杰出:eminence (-t)/ prominence (-t)/unusual
68.gene/ genetic defect ~缺陷/ anatomy解剖/ conceive构思,怀孕/ deliver分娩
69.辅助性:alternative 补充性/ therapist
70.演绎,推理:deduce->deductive / inferential >< induce 引导,引入,归纳-> induction 归纳
71.令人困惑的:bewildering/ puzzling/ perplexing
72.apply:紧靠,涂,将…应用于,适用,专心致力于,献身于
73.subsidize辅助/ subsidy 补助,补贴/ subsidiary
74.a factor in sth/ depend on sth
75.be preferred by/ choice
76.attitude to/ how
77.the present century/ modern society
78.broad/ great
79.in term of 按照,在…方面,关于/with regard to, in spite of 不顾,尽管
80. small-scale 小范围/ marginal 边缘处的
81. physical/ medical
82.negotiation/ agreement 谈判,洽谈/ 商定,
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83.evolve/ develop
84.apartment/ accommodation 公寓/ 住房
85.virtual (love)/ simulate 模拟的(网恋)/ 模拟
86.catastrophe/ disaster 大灾难/ 灾难,不幸
87.innovate/ invent 革新,创新/ 发明,创造
sculpture/ craft 雕刻,雕塑/ 工艺
88.exorbitant/ expensive 过度的,极高的/ 费用大的,昂贵的
89. be participant in/ take part in /participate in
90.labour [美,澳]/work
91.attend to/ take care of
92.dual employment/ dual-worker 双职工(家庭)
93.indicate/ predict 指示,表明,象征/ 预料,预言
A major contributor to/ be central to 来源,起点/ 是…的主要,中心原因
94.expert/ therapist 专家,能手;知识丰富的/ 某个专科的专家
95.lead to/ be associated with 相联系(带来…的好处)
96.balanced/ equitable 平等的
97.handicap/ disabled/primitive 残疾的,落后的
98. could not-and cannot/ has always been unable to
by/ from
99.benefit/ advantage
100.substantial influence/ greater likelihood
101.agree on/ define
102.considered desirable/ effectiveness
103.masquerade/ (in) disguise 伪装
104.insignificant/ didn’t seriously不重要/不严重的
105.inspect/ examine 审核,检查
106.caliber/ criterion
标准
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107.no-one know>< notorious 无人知晓><臭名昭著的
108.dissatisfy/ argue 不满意/厌恶,讨厌
109.pessimism/ negative/ blue>< optimistic 悲观的,忧郁的>< 乐观的110.unsatisfactory/ hardly be looked upon
111.identify/ define
112.turn… into/ beco me
113.urban/ rural/suburban
114.demolish/ knock down/ dismantle 毁坏,拆毁(建筑物)/ 敲,打
115.migration/ move 迁移/ 移动
116.pay/ charge sb for 向某人…猛攻,充电,负责,付费,控诉
117.separate/ split 分开,使隔绝,提取/ 分,劈开
118.fascination/attraction (-e:[v]) 迷住,吸引住
119.not require/ unnecessary 不需要/ 不必要
120.decode/ decipher 译解(密码),解释
121.delay/ drawback= disadvantage 耽误,延迟/ 欠缺,弊端
122.association/ organization 机构,关联/ 组织
123.*recent/ current/ nowadays/present 最近的/ 现代的/ 当今的/现在
124.intensive burst/ explosive release 强烈的爆发/ 爆炸性的释放
125.recognized/ identified 承认,识别,认可/ 识别,鉴别
126.aim to/ focus on 针对,目标,打算/ 集中
127.link…to/ lead to连接/导致,通向
128. inadequate (diet)/ deficiency (in trace minerals) 不充分,不适当的/ 缺乏,不足129.basic/ fundamental 基础的,基本的
130.seize/ catch 捕捉,抓住
131.fatal/ lethal 致命的
132.success on/ running on 成功
133.costly/ be related by 有关系的
134.be obtained in/ be derived in 获得,流行,通用/ 由…产生,起源于
135.high-income/ wealthy 高收入的/富裕的
136.be alike/ be similar to 相同的,相似的
137.indicate/ show 显示,指出,象征
138. eliminate/ lessen ><消除/ 减少
139. not risen significantly/ stagnate 停滞不前的
140.salary/ wage 工资:总称/ 蓝领的
141.create/ gain 创造,造成/ 获得,增加
efficiently/ increased productivity 有效率的/ 上升的生产率
142.economy/ financial 经济
143.administration/ management
144.(be) sympathetic/ understand 同情的,赞同/ 理解
145.introduce/ involve 引入/ 卷入
146.change/ different
147.die>< exist 死亡><存在
148.almost/ approximately
149.be out of date/ be developed
150.solve/ reduce 减少
151.famous/ eminent
152.barrier/ hurdle
153.higher position/ top post
154.Advantage: virtue,merit,benefit, positive aspect, strength, 好处,优点,长处
155.Disadvantage: weakness, failing, weakness,defect,drawback, negative aspect, fault不利,缺点,缺陷
156.Casual: arbitrary, unplanned, unexpected, 随意的
157.Effective: efficient, effectual, fruitful, productive, valid多效的
158.Criticize: reproach, blame, 批评
159.Flaw: weakness, defect 缺点
160.Ability; capability, power, caliber能力
161.Dishonest: deceptive 不诚实的
162.Fair: equitable, equal, impartial, 公平的
163.Success: achievement, feat 成功
164.Reason: factor, contributor, origin, 原因
165.Result: outcome, consequence, implication结果
166.Result from: arise from, originate from, be due to, thanks to, 由于,因为
167.Give rise to: contribute to, lead to, result in, cause, breed, create, incur导致
168.Disaster: catastrophe 灾难
169.Pollute: contaminate 污染
170.Poisonous: toxic 有毒的
171.Decrease; fall, drop, plunge, decline, step back, downward, minimize, abate下降
172.Increase: rise, go up, surge, grow, 上升
173.Growing: increasing, rising, 上升的
剑桥四阅读考点替换词
名词:
1. the destruction of rainforests (原文)--the loss of the rainforests
2. rainforest conservation( 原文)—the rainforests to be protected
3. the geographical location—where the rainforests were
4. courtship ritual—mating
5. feeding—eating
6. young people—teens
7. high standing—high opinion
8. take courses—retrain
9. domestic building—dwellings
10. economic progress—economic growth
形容词:
1. Rudimentary—underdeveloped
2. Well-developed—best developed
3. Surprised—taken aback
4. be loath to/be conservative about —be reluctant to
4. chronic—long-term
5. Awareness—conscious
6. basic--fundamental
动词:
1. Resemble—make similar choices/look like
2. choose entrepreneurship—set up their own business
3.make unbiased statements—comment objectively on
4.deal only with—focus on
5.be derived from—be gained from
6.break records—set new records
7.comprehend—explain
8.be broken down—be subdivided
9.predict—estimate
10.the elderly—elderly people
副词:With tremendous force—violently
AB 相关替换
1. media coverage—Newspaper and television
2. A curve inside the circle—a symbol
3. Government policy—government initiative
4. A growing interest in cultural identity—increasing appreciation
5. Bilingualism—more than one language
6. Facial expression—body language
7. Nutriment—diet
8. Pots, tools and weapons—objects
关系替换:
1.People can learn…-- it can teach people…
2. A depends on B—B affect A
剑桥雅思真题456中的替换关系
Recognize = identify?
? Ethical=Moral
plenty of=Considerable=significant amount of?
?Almost certainly=little doubt
? Modification=change=alteration=adjust
Better=Improve(方向词)?
?Live=residence=inhabitant
first=initial=primary?
? Important=worthy trying=significant=essential
? People=mortal=human=mankind
Reflect=feature=represent?
? Legitimate= have right to
? long term=chronic
? Interest (for borrowing)=slightly more money
? Feasible=practical
? Susceptible =allergic predisposed vulnerable
? mistaken=misconception =confusion=misunderstanding
? have yet to determine =yet not known
? release stress/tension= (psychic tension is) punctured=
? Diversity=variety
? accompanying=with
? Aesthetic=beautiful
? Rigid = not yielding
focus on=emphasize=narrow down
雅思高频同义词
☆artificial
synthetic, fabricated, contrived, fake, mock, bogus, counterfeit, pseudo
☆conventional
traditional, historical, past; accepted, common, regular, routine, mainstream, ordinary
☆demand
request, claim, need, order, require, call for
☆decline
decrease, degeneration, drop, fall, recession, depression, reduction, slump, worsening
☆develop
evolve, advance, grow, improve, progress, flourish
☆difficulty
handicap, hardship, adversity, challenge, complication, dilemma, perplexity, plight, trouble
☆early
first, old, ancient, primitive, previous, former, remote
☆find
discover, come across, encounter, hit on, expose, notice, note, observe, recognize, spot, uncover
☆future
what's next, prospect, approaching, expected, destined, forthcoming
☆how
describe, operate, explain, clarify, demonstrate, eludicate, expound, illustrate, interpret, account for
☆inevitable
unavoidable, certain, destined, fated, inescapable, sure
☆militant
armed, belligerent, army, weapon, warlike
☆objection
commercial challenge, complaint, disapproval, opposition, protest, query, question, remonstration ☆obstacle
bar, barricade, barrier, block, blockage, check, obstruction, problem, snag, hurdle
☆prevalent
common, usual, prevailing, widespread, systematic, collective, general, popular
☆reduce
curtail, cut, decrease, halve, impair, lessen, moderate, trim, slash
☆role
function (provide, support, weaken, smooth, solve), job, position, duty, post, task, contribution
☆recent
modern, current, now, nowadays, today, contemporaneous, new, novel, present, up-to-date
☆simulate
virtual, create, reproduce, pretend, imitate
☆significance
importance, milestone, impact, justification, gist, implication, point, purport, vital business, economic, financial, mercantile, profitable, pecuniary
☆worldwide
international, cosmopolitan, global, universal, ubiquitous, widespread, around the world
解决:solve, resolve, deal with, cope with, handle, tackle
消除:get rid of, eradicate, eliminate
依赖:rely on, depend on, count on
十分:very much, immensely, hugely, largely, greatly, enormously, tremendously
损害:damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair
给予:give, offer, render, impart, provide
发展:develop, cultivate, foster
优势:advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength
缺陷:disadvantage, detect, demerit, drawback, downside,
雅思剑桥5阅读替换词
AB相似替换: 同义词
Time limit—deadline
Confer sth. On—bring sth. To
Be associated with—establishment/be linked to
Built-in—biological
Expect—predict
Help—have a positive effect on
Advantageous trait—positive survival mechanism
Get worse—take a pessimistic view
Slow down—restrict
Provide what … wants—meet …’s expectation
Urgent—most pressing
When heated—under heat
The first—in origin
Extract—remove
Dub—consider
Be punctured by—release of nervous energy
―ah ,ah‖ noise—particular noise
demanding—more difficult
outlook—subjective view
how…works—the operation of
revolution--development
AB关系替换:
Sth. Prevail upon King George III to – be granted sth. By the king
剑5 第一套
Passage 1第二段
compile v.编辑,编纂
write ? compile ? compose
concentrate v.集中,关注
pay attention ? concentrate ? concentration ? keep your mind on ? keep your eyes on ? take notice/not e ? attentive ? attention span
convey v.传达,传递
express ? convey ? communicate ? say ? get something over ? put something into words/find the words to say
第三段
define v.定义……
meaning ? sense ? significance ? definition ? connotation ? define
circumscribe v.限制,约束
To limit power, rights, or abilities [= restrict]:
conquer v.征服
defeat ? overwhelm ? annihilate ? rout ? bring somebody to their knees ? conquer
hold back ? stifle ? suppress ? overcome/conquer
第五段
station v.驻扎,静坐
send ? pack off ? dispatch/despatch ? send in ? send out ? be posted ? be stationed
第六段
file v.把文件或资料归档
keep ? store ? keep something on file ? file ? keep a record/keep records
rival v.对抗,与……抗衡
competitor ? rival ? the competition
第八段
ascertain v.确定
check ? check out ? make sure/make certain ? double-check ? verify ? confirm ? ascertain Passage 2 第一段
obey v.遵守,遵从
obey ? comply with ? abide by ? keep to ? stick to the rules ? conform to ? observe ? respect ? toe the line ? go by the book/do something by the book
第二段
administer v.控制,施加
To manage the work or money of a company or organization
simulate v.模拟
To make or produce something that is not real but has the appearance or feeling of being
real
emit v.释放出,发出……的声音
send out ? give out ? give off ? emit ? radiate ? cast/throw
make a sound/make a n oise ? go ? with ? go off ? emit ? let out
writhe v.因剧痛而蠕动,扭动身体
fidget ? can"t keep still ? squirm ? wriggle ? writhe ? twitch
denounce v.谴责,指责
voice/express/show etc your disapproval ? condemn ? denounce ? deplore
第三段
unfold v.展开
open ? unwrap ? unfold ? unroll
pose v.带来,提出
ask
balk v.畏缩不前,犹豫
To not want to do or try something, because it seems difficult, unpleasant, or frightening question v.质疑
question ? interrogate ? cross-examine ? carry out door-to-door inquiries ? be helping police with their inquiries
第四段
anticipate v.预测
expect ? think ? anticipate
第五段
fluster v.使不安,使紧张,使困惑
To make someone nervous and confused by making them hurry or interrupting them:
第六段
discharge v.放电,释放
If a piece of electrical equipment discharges, or if it is discharged, it sends out electricity
evolve v.演变,进化
develop ? evolve
第七段
evoke v.引发,引起
remind somebody of ? make somebody think of ? bring/call to mind ? be a reminder ? bring back memories/take somebody back ? evoke ? evocative ? come flooding back
第八段
merge v.合并,混合
combin e ? be a mixture of something and something ? bring together ? blend ? mingle ? merge unite ? team up ? get together ? combine ? join forces ? come together ? amalgamate ? merge surrender v.投降,放弃
admit/accept defeat ? give in ? surrender ? concede
第九段
forgo v.放弃
do without/go without ? deny yourself ? abstain ? forgo
dictate v.听写,控制,指挥
tell ? order ? ask somebody to do something ? demand ? insist ? dictate
elucidate v.阐明,
说明
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,解释
To explain something that is difficult to understand by providing more information
Passage 3
第二段
starve v.使……挨饿
starving ? starve ? hungry ? not get enough to eat ? half-starved ? underfed ? malnourished exaggerate v.夸大,夸张
exaggerate ? blow something (up) out of all proportion ? make too much of ? overrated ? overemphasize ? overstate ? be melodramatic ? lay it on
associate v.与……相连
link ? associate ? make a connection ? establish a link
be connected/be related ? be linked ? associated ? have/be something to do with ? be bound up with something/go hand in hand
cure v.治愈
restrict v.限制,约束
limit ? restrict ? set/impose/put a limit ? keep to/keep within ? confine ? fix
accelerate v.加速,加快
go faster ? speed up ? pick up/gather speed ? accelerate ? quicken your pace ? gain/gather momentum
第三段
nurture v.培育,形成
nurture ? fo ster
decline v.下降
go down/come down ? fall/drop ? decrease ? decline ? reduction ? cut ? plummet/plunge ? taper off ? dwindle ? slide ? take a nosedive
第五段
overstate v.夸大
exaggerate ? blow something (up) out of all proportion ? make too much of ? overrated? overemphasize ? overstate ? be melodramatic ? lay it on
第六段
apply v.适用,应用
apply ? claim ? request ? approach ? put in for ? applicant ? claimant
oppose v.反对
be against/be opposed to ? oppose ? not agree with something ? not believe in something ? anti- ? hostile ? antagonistic
第七段
melt v.融化
melt ? dissolve ? thaw ? melt down ? molten ? condense ? soluble
diminish v.消失,减少
To become or make something become smaller or less [= reduce]:
第十段
experience v.经历
happen to ? experience ? go through ? live through ? know
postpone v.推延,延迟
postpone ? put off ? delay ? be pushed/moved/put back ? put something on ice/put something on the back burner ? procrastinate
第十一段
buy v.买,争取(时间)
buy ? get ? purchase ? snap up ? pick up ? splash out on ? acquire
avoid v.避免
avoid ? stay away/keep away ? steer clear of ? make a detour
剑5 第二套
Passage 1第一段
patent v.申请专利
To obtain a special document giving you the right to make or sell a new invention or product
第二段
mould v.铸造,塑造
engineer v.设计,加工
orchestrate ? stage-m anage ? engineer ? contrive
revert v.返回
start again ? go back to/revert to ? slip back into
第四段
abandon v.放弃,抛弃
give up ? quit ? abandon ? drop ? leave it at that
amass v.累计,积累
accumulate ? amass ? gain
manufacture v.制造
make ? produce ? manufacture ? mass-produce ? churn out/turn out ? create ? fashion ? build ? construct ? assemble
第五段
outline v.列举outline ? sketch out
第六段
govern v.受……限制
govern ? run ? rule ? be in power ? be in government ? hold office
extract v.抽取,提取
find out ? get something out of ? get information ? extract ? worm something out of ? drag something out of
taper v.逐渐变细,变尖
get/grow thinner get narrower ? taper
第七段
relish v.欣赏,品味
revel in ? get a kick out of ? relish ? gloat ? wallow in ? take pleasure in ? delight in
despise v.鄙视,轻视
hate ? hate somebody"s guts ? can"t stand ? detest ? loathe ? despise ? abhor
Passage 2
第一段
tempt v.引发
attract ? tempt ? seduce
dub v. 称作
call ? christen ? dub
第二段
rely v.依靠,依赖
To trust or depend on someone or something to do what you need or expect them to do [ reliable, reliance]:
puncture v. 戳破,化解
make a hole in ? pierce ? puncture ? punch ? drill a hole
第五段
trigger v. 引发,触发
set off ? trigger/spark ? precipitate
amuse v. 使愉快,开心
make somebody laugh ? crack somebody up ? raise a laugh ? have somebody in hysterics/stitches ? amuse
第七段
track v. 追踪
follow ? tail ? be/sit on somebody"s tail ? shadow ? track/trail ? hound ? stalk ? stalker accompany v. 伴随
with ? together ? along with ? come with ? accompanying
第八段
tuck v. 隐藏,蜷缩
put ? slide ? tuck ? insert
第十段
milk v. 挤奶,猎取
To take milk from a cow or goat
第十一段
distort v. 扭曲,歪曲
twist ? misrepresent ? distort ? falsify ? put words into somebody"s mouth ? cook the books ? rewrite history
Passage 3
第一段
dominate v.统治,在……中拥有重要的位置
dominate ? monopolize ? monopoly ? stranglehold? have total/complete control ? hold sway
第二段
renew v.重新开始,使复活,使更新
continue ? start again ? go on ? go back to/return to ? resume ? take something up again ? pick up/take up where you left off ? reopen ? renew
第三段
adopt v.接受,采纳
adopt ? foster ? guardian ? in care
publicize v.出版
advertise ? promote ? publicize ? market ? hype/hype up ? plug ? sell ? push ? announce ? report promote v.促进,加强
help ? encourage ? promote ? aid ? benefit ? advance/further ? be conducive to ? give something a boost ? be favourable for/to
第六段
exploit v.探索
use ? exploit ? make use of ? take advantage of ? play on ? capitalize on
deposit v.储存,堆积,放置,存放
put ? place ? leave ? abandon ? position ? plant a bomb/explosives etc ? plant ? lay ? set down ? deposit
seal v.盖戳
block up ? plug/plug up ? seal
restrict v.限制
limit ? restrict ? set/impose/put a limit ? keep to/keep within ? confine ? fix
第七段
delay v.拖延,延迟
delay ? hold-up/holdup ? bottleneck
第八段
engage v.参与,参加
To be doing or to become involved in an activity
foster v.促进,加强
promote
第九段
inaugurate v.创立
To open a building or start an organization, event etc for the first time:
第十段
estimate v.估计
guess ? estimate ? guesswork ? speculation ? speculative ? conjecture
oppose v.反对,抵制
be against/be opposed to ? oppose ? not agree with something ? not believe in something ? anti- ? hostile ? antagonistic
institute v.建立
To introduce or start a system, rule, legal process etc
剑5 第三套
Passage 1
A段
argue v.争辩,坚决主张,认为
argue ? quarrel ? fight ? have a fight ? fall out with ? be at each other"s throats ? cl ash
B段
claim v.宣称,表示
claim ? maintain ? assert ? confirm ? testify ? swear ? certify ? insist ? protest ? deny
expand v.扩充,扩展
get bigger ? grow ? expand ? swell up ? stretch
C段
acknowledge v.认可,承认
accept ? recognize ? acknowledge
observe v.注意到,观察到
notice ?can see/can tell ? I see ? spot ? become aware/conscious ? catch somebody"s eye ? detect ? note ? observe ? perceive
launch v.发起,进行
start ? begin ? get down to ? start on ? set about/set to work ? proceed to do something ? settle down to ? launch into ? embark on/upon ? come to/grow to/get to ? get cracking
involve v.包括,涵盖,使……参与进来
involve ? drag somebody into ? bring in
D段
bypass v.绕过……
To go around a town or other busy place rather than through it:
foster v.促进
promote
E段
evaluate v.评估,评价
judge ? assess ? evaluate ? critique
solve v.解决
solve ? work out/figure out
F段
perpetuate v.延续,保持
continue/carry on ? maintain ? perpetuate ? keep up ? preserve
outline v.罗列,列举
summary ? outline ? overview ? rundown ? precis ? synopsis
indicate v.表明,暗示
point ? indicate ? gesture at/towards ? point out
Passage 2
A段
erode v.腐蚀,侵蚀
wear away ? erode ? corrode ? rust/rust away
scour v.用力擦洗,冲刷
brush ? scrub ? sweep ? scour
B段
deposit v.沉积,堆积
put in ? deposit
accumulate v.累计,聚集
accumulate ? build up ? pile up ? mount up ? collect ? gather
C段
indicate v.表明,暗示
point ? indicate ? gesture at/towards ? point out
replenish v.补充,添加
refill ? replenish ? top up
D段
divert v.转移,使转向
not draw attention ? draw attention away from ? divert/distract attention ? put somebody off ? keep a low profile
E段
rest v.休息,存留在
rest ? take a rest ? relax ? take a break ? lie down ? put your feet up ? laze ? take it easy ? chill/chill out
concur v.同意,赞同
agree ? be in agreement ? be of the same opinion ? share the view that ? subscribe to ? concur affect v.影响
hav e an effect ? have an impact ? affect ? take effect ? make a difference ? impact
stimulate v.刺激,激发
To encourage or help an activity to begin or develop further
upset v.使……不安
upset ? hurt ? hurt somebody"s feelings ? distress
F段
devise v.设计,制定出
invent ? create ? come up with/think up ? devise ? make up ? conceive ? dream up ? coin
Passage 3
引子
perform v.表演,执行
perform ? appear ? be in something
A段
vanish v.消失,突然不见
disappear ? vanish ? become extinct ? extinction ? die out ? cease to exist
ignite v.点燃,引发
set f ire to something/set something on fire ? light ? torch ? ignite
B段
launch v.建立,发布
start ? launch ? open ? initiate ? spark off ? set in motion ? get/start/set the ball rolling ? get things moving ? (let"s) get this show on the road
coin v.创造
invent ? create ? come up with/think up ? devise ? make up ? conceive ? dream up ? coin encompass v.包含,涵盖
cover ? encompass ? embrace ? span
capture v.捕捉,占领,再现
capture ? round up ? take somebody prisoner ? recapture
mimic v.模仿
imitate ? do an impression/imitation ? mimic ? a take-off of somebody/something
C段
peak v.达到全盛
To reach the highest point or level:
rear v.培养,养育,培育
To look after a person or animal until they are fully grown [= raise]:
imply v.暗示
suggest ? imply ? say ? implication ? undertone
solve v.解决
solve ? find/come up with a solution ? resolve ? put right ? cure ? remedy ? sort out ? sort ? iron out materialize v.变为现实
happen ? come true ? be realized ? be fulfilled ? materialize
opt v.选择
decide on ? settle on ? plump for ? opt
align v.与……同列,与……结盟
To publicly support a political group, country, or person that you agree with
D段
Characterize v. 描绘,描述……的特征
Describe something/somebody as ? characterize somebody/something as ? label ? portray/represent ? depict ? paint a pictur
joke v.开玩笑
make a joke/crack a joke ? tell a joke ? joke ? wisecrack
implement v.实施
carry out ? execute ? implement ? put something into practice ? deliver the goods/come up with the goods
E段
back v.支持
To support someone or something, especially by giving them money or using your influence reckon v.认为
think ? believe ? feel ? figure ? reckon ? consider ? regard/see ? think of somebody/something as/look on somebody/something as ? take the view that/be of the opinion that ? be recognized/acknowledged as
spot v.发现
notice ? can see/can tell ? I see? spot ? become aware/conscious ? catch somebody"s eye ? detect ? note ? observe ? perceive
camouflage v.伪装
disguise ? camouflage
extract v.提取,抽取
find out ? get something out of ? get information ? extract ? worm something out of ? drag something out of
F段
boost v.促进,加强
help ? encourage ? promote ? aid ? benefit ? advance/further ? be conducive to ? give something a boost ? be favourable for/t
differentiate v.区别开
can tell the difference ? can tell somebody/something apart ? distinguish ? differentiate ? dr aw/make a distinction ? discriminate
exacerbate v.恶化
make things worse/make it worse ? to make matters/things worse ? aggravate ? exacerbate ? compound ? to add insult to injury
filter v.过滤
To remove unwanted substances from water, air etc by passing it through a special substance or piece of equipment:
categorize v.将……分类
sort ? categorize ? classify ? be grouped ? class ? grade
emerge v.开始出现
appear ? become visible ? come into view/come into sight ? come out ? emerge ? loom/loom up ? reappear
G段
Lip- read v. 观察人的嘴唇动作来理解话意
To understand what someone is saying by watching the way their lips move, because you cannot hear them
encapsulate v.涵盖,概括
To express or show something in a short way [= sum up]
transcribe v.记录,用音标记下……的语音
copy ? copy out ? copy down ? tran scribe
剑5 第四套
Passage 1
A段
promote v. 促进, 发扬,提拔
help ? encourage ? promote ? aid ? benefit ? advance/further ? be conducive to ? give something a boost ? be favourable for/to
boom v. 发出)轰轰声
boom/boom out ? roar ? thunder ? blare/blare out ? blast/blast out
isolate v. 隔离, 孤立, 绝缘
separate ? keep somebody apart ? isolate ? cut somebody off from ? segregate ? segregation ? apartheid ? in quarantine
prevail v. 流行, 盛行, 获胜
win ? come out on top ? prevail ? carry the day ? win the day
B段
undermine v. 破坏
spoil ? ruin ? mess up ? undermine ? screw up ? sabotage ? throw a spanner in the works ? pour cold water on
associate v. 联系, 交往
link ? associate ? make a connection ? establish a link
be connected/be related ? be linked ? associated ? have/be something to do with ? be bound up with something/go hand in hand
fuel v. 加燃料
increase ? strengthen ? heighten ? add to ? raise ? fuel
C段
ensure v. 保证,确保
make sure/make certain ? insure/ensure ? see that/see to it that
exploit v. 开拓, 开发
use ? take advantage of ? exploit ? manipulate ? can wrap/wind somebody around your little finger integrate v. 成整体,结合
If two or more things integrate, or if you integrate them, they combine or work together in a way that makes something more effective
demonstrate v. 示范,
证明
住所证明下载场所使用证明下载诊断证明下载住所证明下载爱问住所证明下载爱问
prove ? show ? demonstrate ? confirm ? support ? back up ? bear out ? substantiate ? validate ? corroborate
penetrate v. 穿透, 渗透, 刺入
enter ? penetrate ? seep in ? permeate
repatriate v. 遣返
expel ? deport ? extradite ? repatriate ? exile/send into exile ? banish
Passage 2
第一段
analyze v. 分析, 分解
examine ? look carefully/closely ? take/have a look at ? analyze ? study ? check ? check over ? inspect ? go through/go over ? look over ? scrutinize
第二段
insist v.坚持, 强调
To keep doing something, especially something that is inconvenient or annoying:
第三段
disagree v. 不一致, 不赞同
disagree ? not agree ? not see eye to eye ? take issue with ? differ ? agree to disagree ? dissent consult v.商量, 咨询
ask somebody"s advice ? seek advice ? get/obtain advice ? consult
第四段
shelter v. 掩蔽,,躲避
shelter ? give somebody shelter/refuge ? asylum
第五段
solidify v. 凝固,巩固
harden ? solidify ? set ? freeze ? stiffen
exert v. 尽(力), 施加(压力等)
To work very hard and use a lot of physical or mental energy:overcome v. 战胜, 克服
hold back ? stifle ? suppress ? overcome/conquer
第六段
create v. 创造, 产生
invent ? create ? come up with/think up ? devise ? make up ? conceive ? dream up ? coin
contain v. 包含, 容纳, 容忍
include ? contain ? among ? range from something to
第八段
expand v.膨胀,扩张,发展
get bigger ? grow ? expand ? swell up ? stretch
elapse v.(时间)过去, 消逝
pass/go by ? elapse ? the passage/passing of time
第十段
scan v. 扫描,浏览,
skim ? scan ? have a look at
complete v.完成
finish ? have done something ? complete ? get something finished ? be through ? conclude Passage 3
第一段
assist v. 援助, 帮助
help ? give/lend a hand ? assist ? do something for ? do somebody a favour ? help out ? do somebody a good turn ? do your bit ? come to somebody"s aid/assistance ? give help/assistance/support
第二段
occur v. 发生, 出现
happen ? take place ? there is ? be ? occur ? come about ? crop up ? come up ? be coming up ? turn up ? arise ? strike
fluctuate v. 变动, 波动
keep changing ? vary ? fluctuate ? be in flux/be in a state of flux
exceed v.超越, 胜过
be more than ? exceed ? outnumber ? be up ? pass
impact v. 碰撞, 冲击,影响
have an effect ? have an impact ? affect ? take effect ? make a difference ? impact
increase v. 增加, 增大
increase ? step up ? expand ? broaden ? extend ? intensify
differ v.不一致, 不同
different ? not like ? not the same ? vary ? differ ? contrast with ? be a departure from ? diverse
第三段
evolve v. 发展,进展,进化
develop ? evolve
reserve v. 储备, 保存
reserve/book ? reservation ? booking
assure v. 断然地说, 确告, 保证
promise ? assure ? give somebody your word ? swear ? vow ? guarantee ? commit to ? pledge
第四段
maximize v. 最大值, 最佳化
increase ? raise ? put up ? jack up ? push up/drive up/force up ? boost ? double/triple/quadruple ? maximize
ripen v. 成熟
To become ripe or to make something ripe
第五段
delay v.耽搁, 延迟
delay ? hold up ? set back ? get bogged down
remain v. 保持, 逗留, 剩余
left ? be left over ? remain ? survive ? be still standing/be left standing ? to spare ? to go
escape v. 逃脱, 避开
escape ? get out ? run away/run off ? bolt ? run for it/make a run for it ? flee ? make your
escape ? take to your heels ? break free/break away ? bail out
第六段
convert v. 转变, 转换
adapt ? modify ? convert ? customize
第七段
divide v.划分, 分开, 隔开
separate ? divide ? split ? break up ? break down ? take apart ? dismantle ? take something to pieces prevent v.防止, 预防
prevent ? stop ? keep somebody from doing something ? restrain ? hold back ? get in the way of ? discourage ? avoid ? avert ? head off ? guard against
survive v.幸免, 幸存
survive ? survivor ? come through ? get through
雅思剑桥5阅读替换词
AB相似替换: 同义词
Time limit—deadline
Confer sth. On—bring sth. To
Be associated with—establishment/be linked to Built-in—biological
Expect—predict
Help—have a positive effect on
Advantageous trait—positive survival mechanism Get worse—take a pessimistic view
Slow down—restrict
Provide what … wants—meet …’s expectation
Urgent—most pressing
When heated—under heat
The first—in origin
Extract—remove
Dub—consider
Be punctured by—release of nervous energy ―ah ,ah‖ noise—particular noise demanding—more difficult outlook—subjective view how…works—the operation of
revolution--development
AB关系替换:
Sth. Prevail upon King George III to – be granted sth. By the king 雅思多频同义词替换
Advantage: benefit, positive aspect, strength, 好处Disadvantage: weakness, drawback, negative aspect, fault不利Casual: arbitrary, unplanned, unexpected, 随意的
Effective: efficient, effectual, fruitful, productive, valid多效的Criticize: reproach, blame, 批评
Flaw: weakness, defect 缺点
Ability; capability, power, caliber能力
Dishonest: deceptive 不诚实的
Fair: equitable, equal, impartial, 公平的
Success: achievement, feat 成功
Reason: factor, contributor, origin, 原因
Result: outcome, consequence, implication结果
Result from: arise from, originate from, be due to, thanks to, 由于,因为Give rise to: contribute to, lead to, result in, cause, breed, create, incur导致Disaster: catastrophe 灾难
Pollute: contaminate 污染
Poisonous: toxic 有毒的
Decrease; fall, drop, plunge, decline, step back, downward, minimize, abate下降
Increase: rise, go up, surge, grow, 上升
Growing: increasing, rising, 上升的
2008 雅思阅读常见替换词总结1
abide by be faithful to, obey 忠于, 遵守
absence of mind being absent-minded 心不在焉
absorb take up the attention of 吸引… 的注意力
abundant in be rich in,
富于, 富有
be well supplied with
by accident by chance 偶然地, 意外
of one’s own accord w ithout being asked,
自愿地, 主动地
freely
in accordance with in agreement with 依照,根据
take…into account consider 把… 考虑进去
account for give an explanation or reason for 解释, 说明
on account of because of 由于, 因为
adapt oneself to adjust oneself to 使自己适应于
adjacent next to 毗邻的
admit of leave room for 留有余地
in advance before in time 预告, 事先
above all especially 尤其是, 最重要的agree on define 认同
in all altogether 总共, 总计allow for take into consideration,
考虑到, 估计到
take into account
amount to to be equal to 总计, 等于ambiguity obscure 暧昧的
answer for undertake responsibility for,
对… 负责
be liable for
apparently patently 显而易见的approve of consent to,
赞成
be in favor of
arise from be caused by 由… 引起attach to fix,
缚, 系
fasten
attend to give one’s attention,
注意, 照顾
care and thought
aware of be conscious of,
意识到, 知道
having knowledge or consciousness
a vast array of a great variety of 系列
at one’s back supporting or favoring 支持, 维护
turn one’s back on in an impolite way 背弃, 抛弃
on behalf of as the representative of 以… 名义
be accustomed to be in the habit of, 习惯于
be used to
be acquainted with to have knowledge of,
了解,熟悉
to have met socially
be ashamed of guilt or sorrow because of 以… 为羞耻be obtained in be derived in 获得believe in have faith or trust in 依赖, 信仰caliber criterion 标准catastrophe disaster 灾难categorize classify 分类complex complicated,
复杂的
sophisticated
2008 雅思阅读常见替换词总结2
contributor to be central to 中心原因
constrain restrict 限制
chronic long-term 长期的
deplete exhaust 耗尽
defect flaw 缺点,不足之处
decode decipher 译解
delay drawback 耽误
demolish dismantle 毁坏
divine heavenly 神圣的
eliminate lessen 减少
emphasize stress 强调exorbitant expensive 过度的fascination attraction 迷住,吸引住fatal lethal 致命的
get the better of d efeat 打败, 胜过handicap primitive 残疾的,落后的inadequate insufficient 缺乏的,不足的in any case for love or money,
无论如何
whatever happens
in brief in as few words as possible 简言之
indicate predict 表明inadequate deficiency 不充分,不适当的intensive burst explosive release 强烈的爆发introduce involve 引入
in case for fear that 万一
innovate invent 革新,创新inspect examine 审核,检查
lead to be associated with 相联系
look like resemble 类似于masquerade disguise 伪装
modify change 改变,修改molten rock lava,
岩浆
magma
negotiation agreement 谈判,洽谈notorious flagrant 臭的
no-one know notorious 无人知晓
not require unnecessary 不需要,不必要pessimism negative 悲观的,忧郁的prosperous thriving 兴旺,繁荣poisonous toxic 有毒的poverty poor 贫穷
rigid stiff 僵硬的rudimentary underdeveloped 初级的separate split 分开
seize catch 捕捉skeptical dubious 对…怀疑sympathetic understand 同情,赞同virtual simulate 模拟
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