《艾凡赫》中的天使和魔女

《艾凡赫》中的天使和魔女 科技信息0本刊重稿oSCIENCEINFORMATION2007年第1期 常长海 (北京航空航天大学外语系中国北京100083) Abstract:erearemanyflatcharactersinScott'shistoricalnovelIvanh~,forexample,thecunningPrinceJohnandtheincompetent Athelstane.Throughthedepictionofthesecharacters.thenovelgivesusapanoramicpictureoftheconflictsbetweenNormannoblesandSaxons.Itis Scott'swishthatviolenceoftheNormansandtheweaknessofS~onsarenotwhatEnglandwants.HecreatesthecharacterIvanhoetoreconcilethe two.Healsoindicatesthatasthehighflowersofthechivalry,Ivanh~andKingRichardarejusttheidealandrightway.Meanwhile,wenoticethatas aromance.Ivanh~followsthelongtraditionofstereotypingfomalecharacters,eitherasangelsormonsters.Thisauthorhavea|lalyzedRebecca'srole asascapegoataswellasthemadwomanUlrica.inordertoprovethatwomenarediscriminatedagainstinthisnove1. Keywords:Scott;Ivanhoe;historicalromance;feminism;scapegoat 《艾凡赫)中的天使和魔女 摘要:斯科特在历史传奇小说《艾凡赫》中刻画了很多"扁平型人物",例如狡猾的 约翰王和无能的萨克逊没落贵族阿索斯坦,通过对这些人 物的描绘.小说再现了诺曼人和萨克逊人之间的矛盾和冲突,也表明了斯科特的理 想,那就是,诺曼贵族的暴行和萨克逊领袖的无力不是英国 未来的发展方向.斯科特创造了艾凡赫这样一个典型的人物来调和诺曼人和萨克 逊人之间的矛盾,也指出,作为骑士精神化身的艾凡赫和勇敢 的狮心王里查正代表着一种理想的发展方向.同时,我们注意到,作为一个传奇小 说,《艾凡赫》延续了一般传奇 故事 滥竽充数故事班主任管理故事5分钟二年级语文看图讲故事传统美德小故事50字120个国学经典故事ppt 对女性的刻画有失公正的 缺点.女性在这些传奇中往往不是漂亮的天使便是邪恶的妖魔,笔者详细分析了小 说中瑞白卡在男权社会中所承担的替罪羊角色以及鸟瑞卡 的疯女人形象,从女权主义的角度对这部作品进行了解读. 关键词:斯科特;艾凡赫;历史传奇小说;女权主叉;替罪羊 TlIispaperwilldiscussIvanhoemainlyintwoparts.Thefirstpart dealswiththenovel'srepresentationofconflictsbetweenNormansand Saxons;thesecondpartchieflyprovidesafeministicreading. I:SocialBackground:ConflictsbetweentwoRaces SirWalterScoR'snovelIvanhoeissetinthetwelfIhcentury England,"fourgenerations"aftertheNormanConquest.Backthen,the tensionsbetweenSaxonsandtheNornlansareintense.asScottdescribes: "Fourgenerationshadnotsu佑cedtoblendthehostilebloodofthe NormansandAnglo-Saxons,ortounite,byacommonlanguageand mutualinterests,twohostileraces,oneofwhichstillfelttheelationof triumph.whiletheothergroanedunderalltheconsequencesofdefeat. ThepowerhadbeencompletelyplacedinthehandsoftheNorman nobility,bytheeventofthebattleofHastings,andithadbeenused??? withnomoderatehand." issynopticopeningchapterofthenovelreallygivesusa|l anatomyandahistoryoftheconflictsbetweentheNornlancon~emrs andthelocalSaxons.Whenthestorybegins.KingRichardisina|l Austrianprisonafterhavingbeencapturedonhiswayhomefromthe Crusades;hisgreedybrotherPrinceJohnsitsonthethroneand,bydoing anythingpossibletopreventKingRichard'scomingback,isreadyto usurpthecrown.Underhisrule,theNormannobleshavebegunroutinely abusingtheirpower.TheirpracticeshaveangeredtheSaxonnobility, particularlythefieryCedricofRotherwood.whoissoloyaltotheSaxon causethathehasdisinheritedhissonIvanhoeforfollowingKingRichard towar.Scottalsoshowstoushisattitudestowardstheseconflicts.Amost 0bviOUSexampleisthatinIvanhoe.hecreatesanumberofflat characters.whoareeithertoogoodortoobad.Thatis.ononehand.he depictstheNormannoblesasvillainous.asisshownbyPrinceJohnand hisparty.Forexample,PrinceJohncaresnothingbutthethroneand thereisnothinggoodinhimwhatsoever;,ontheotherhand,Saxons representedbyCedricandAthelstaneareconsideredasweakand helpless.Forexample,inthesceneofTorquilstone,Athelstanecsl'~s nothingbuteatingandsleeping,besides,heisabouttofightwhenheis beatendownandlosesconsciousness.Inaword.hedefinitelyca|lnotbe afutarestatesmantolcadtheSaxonstowardsliberation. Despitethe8enegativeimagesoftheNornlannoblesanditsSaxon counterparts,Scottneverthelessglvesushisresolutionstotheirconflicts. KingRichardontheNorlllansideiswise.kindandbrave.andaboveaU hewinsthesupportfromthemass.includingthestubbornCedric.While theloyalandbraveIvanhoeontheSaxonsideca|lbeacompromise betweenthetwonationsandsentesasamodelofhowtheSaxomcan adapttolifeinNornlanEngland. However,thisleadssomecriticstopointoutthatthetideofthis noveldoesnotcorrespondtoitsrealcontents.Aswecansee.Ivanhoeas acharacterneverdevelopsfullyinthisnovel:heappearsatfirstase DisinheritedKnight,adisguisedidentity,andthenhewasalmostuever mentioneduntilhestaysinthecnsdeasawoundedmanthatneeds tending.Andalso.Ivanhoe'spresenceinthelastpartdoesnotseemas aRractiveasitshouldbe.fordeBois—Guilbertiskmedbyhisown conflictingpassionsnotbyIvanhoe'8heroicacL .I11isanthorbelievesthatIvanhoe'simportance.andtheFeasonthat heisthetidecharacterofthenove1.isnotsomuchinhisheroiceffect onthestorya8hissymbolicroleinrepresentingthetensionsbetweenthe SaxonsandtheNormans,whichisaneternalthenleandpre~desaframe forthedevelopmentoftheplotinthisnove1. ?:Ivunlme8saRomance A:ScoR'sArtofCreatingSuspension Althoughhistoricalerrorsplaguethisnovel,itisimportantto remenlberthatIvanhoeis.firstandforemost,ahistoricallomance:Above allelse.itisanadventurestorywhichaim8topleasetheremtel~nota painstakingattempttorecreateanothererawitllperfectaccuracy.Asa romance,thiSnovelmainlytalksabouttheimprobableandsurprising adventuresoftheknits.InthisnovelScortshowBtollshisdelicate skillsincreatingvarioussuspensionsduringtheiradventures.111emost importantoneishisuseofmasks.Aswecansee.manycharactersappear atfirstnotastllevare,butinveiIsthatcovertheiridentities.Ivanhoehas returnedhomewitll0utlIi8ftller'shmwledandwitlltllehel口0fa wealtllyJewish眦nn跚edIs阻c,evenpanicip砒esintllecontesthddin tlleAslIby—de—la—Zuche.Intlleoontest'heis黜isledbYanIlIIknown BlackKnigIltandb朗_忸d0Wl1his叩p'舯elIts.Buttllecllri0usthi.lgistllat IvanhoetlleknigIlt|s帅wiuingt0llrIveilhimselfllrItilhe.蝤f_呲edt0do so.esocaIledBlackKni小tatlastreYealshimselfasgmchard lIimseAndwesh0uldn0tfbtlleFriar,am呷mo玎Ikwhobtends ?异mchardinR0binH0od,sfst.HeIss00nrevealedt0ben0ne 0tllert}瑚le1daryarTuck,amember0fR0b.mH00d,shand0f me?ynIen.Tbacertaindeee,tlleseIIlasksalousetllein【erests0ftlle el弓andconH)eltllemt0readonandonllr.tildl6ndtlleir idendties. 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