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2016北京丰台区高考英语完形填空和阅理阅理选练及答案1.doc

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2016北京丰台区高考英语完形填空和阅理阅理选练及答案1.doc2016北京丰台区高考英语完形填空和阅理阅理选练及答案1.doc 阅读下列四篇短文,从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。 Grown- ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since. A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years ca...

2016北京丰台区高考英语完形填空和阅理阅理选练及答案1.doc
2016北京丰台区高考英语完形填空和阅理阅理选练及答案1.doc 阅读下列四篇短文,从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。 Grown- ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since. A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins “Twinkle, twinkle, little star” or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears. One explanation is the law of overlearning, which can be stated as follows: Once we have learned something, additional learning trials increase the length of time we will remember it. In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as “Twinkle, twinkle, little star”and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks. We not only learn but overlearn. The multiplication tables (乘法口诀表) are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood. The law of overlearning explains why cramming (突击学习) for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning, on the other hand, is really necessary for one’s future development. 1. What is the main idea of Paragraph 1? A. People remember well what they learned in childhood. B. Children have a better memory than grown- ups. C. Poem reading is a good way to learn words. D. Stories for children are easy to remember. 2. The author explains the law of overlearning by . A. presenting research findings B. setting down general rules C. making a comparison D. using examples 3. According to the author, being able to use multiplication tables is . A. a result of overlearning B. a special case of cramming C. a skill to deal with math problems D. a basic step towards advanced studies 4. What is the author’s opinion on cramming? A. It leads to failure in college exams. B. It’s helpful only in a limited way. C. It’s possible to result in poor memory. D. It increases students’learning interest. 【参考答案】1—4、ADAB 阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。 (2013皖南八校第三次联考,C) BEIJING—China's Beijing and Shanghai cities and Guangdong Province on Sunday published plans to gradually allow migrant workers'(外来务工人员) children to enter senior high schools and sit college entrance exams locally. They are the latest in a total of 13 provinces and municipalities(市) to formulate plans to ensure that rural children who have followed their parents to cities can enjoy the same rights as their urban peers in education. Beijing will allow migrant workers' children to attend local vocational schools in 2013 and allow them to be matriculated by universities after graduating from the vocational programs in 2014, said a statement from the city's commission of education. Shanghai took a step further, saying it will allow migrant children in the city to enter local senior high schools, vocational schools and sit college entrance exams (commonly known as gaokao) locally starting in 2014. Guangdong has asked its cities to start recruiting(招收)migrant workers' children in local senior high schools in 2013. The province will allow these children to sit gaokao and compete with local residents on an equal feeting in college entrance starting in 2016, Luo said the restrictions would be relaxed gradually and “step by step” as the province must solve the conflict between its gigantic migrant population and a scarcity of education resources. Migrant workers, whose children could be benefited by the new plans of the three regions, must have residential permits, stable jobs and incomes, and meet other local requirements, according to the plans. China's hukou, or household registration system, used to confine children to attending schools in their home provinces. A 2003 regulation amended this by allowing migrant workers' children to receive the nineyear compulsory education in cities where their parents work. Official figures show that China has more than 250 million farmersturnedworkers living in cities. An estimated 20 million children have migrated with their parents to the cities. 文章大意:在北京、上海和广东的务工子女~能够就地入学或高考了。 12(What's the best title of this passage? A.China's educational reform on the way B.Migrants' dreams come true C.Reform plans published for migrant children's education D.Migrants ask for equal rights in education 答案:C 主旨大意题。 这是一篇新闻报道,第一段就是新闻的主要内容。C项很好地 概括了新闻的主要内容,并符合标题的特点。 13(Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A.Beijing,Shanghai and Guangdong took the lead in making plans for migrant children's education. B.There are altogether 13 provinces and municipalities that have made plans for migrant children's education. C.Beijing will allow migrant workers' children to enter the local school in 2013. D.Migrant workers' children began to receive senior high school education in cities where their parents work in 2003. 答案:B 细节理解题。由第二段的第一句得知B正确、A错误;由第三段得知C错误; 由第七段中的A 2003 regulation ...to receive the nineyear compulsory education in cities where their parents work.得知D错误。 14(Which of the following words can the underlined word“confine” be replaced by? A.limit B(prevent C(protect D(resist 答案:A 词义猜测题。根据所在句子的意思:“中国的户口过去_______了孩子们只能在 他们家乡省份上学。”,并结合上下文,可知是“限制”,而不是“阻止”、“保护”或是“抵制”。 15(Which of the following statements can be inferred according to the passage? A.Guangdong will allow migrant workers' children to sit gaokao locally in 2016. B.China's hukou is now no longer important and should be cancelled. C.The Chinese government should continue deepening the educational reform. D.It is likely that not all migrant workers' children can enter senior high schools or sit gaokao in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangdong with the new plans polished. 答案:D 推理判断题。由第六段得知:在北京、上海和广东,能够就地入学或高考的孩 子的父母必须符合几个条件。言外之意:不符合条件的就不能享受这一政策。故D正确;A 项为事实,而非推断;B、C文中无依据。 阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。 (2013?深圳市二模,D) Expensive perfumes (香水) come in tiny bottles, but many hide a whalesized secret. To perfect a particular smell, perfumemakers often use an ingredient that comes from sperm whales, called ambergris. But using ambergris, which helps a perfume last longer, is strongly opposed by many people who think it is wrong to kill whales just so we can smell sweet. Joerg Bohlmann is neither a perfumer nor a whale expert. He's a plant biologist at the University of British Columbia in Canada. But his discovery of a new plant gene (基因) might push whales out of the perfume business. The gene comes from fir trees, found throughout North America and commonly used as Christmas trees. The trees produce a chemical that can be used in perfume in place of ambergris—but with_a_catch. “There's a problem that many people wouldn't consider. In the tree, the chemical is mixed with many others. That makes separation a challenge,” Bohlmann says. “It's like trying to isolate sugar from a biscuit.” This is where science becomes useful. When Bohlmann learned that fir trees produce the ambergrislike chemical, he decided to use his gene knowhow to find the instructions for how to make the ambergrissubstitute. Bohlmann found that gene and took it out of the tree cells. Then he did something that might sound strange to someone who doesn't work in genetics: Bohlmann put the gene from the tree into yeast (酵母) cells. Yeast may sound familiar because it's used to make things like bread, wine and beer. Biologists like to work with yeast because it easily adopts new genes and changes its features and behaviour. When Bohlmann put the fir tree gene into the yeast, the yeast started making the same chemical that had been produced by the tree. Perfumers pay big money for ambergris because it is a fixative, which means it holds a smell in place on a person's body. “Cheap perfumes smell good in the first hour or so and then everything is gone,” explains Bohlmann. “But expensive perfumes are much more stable. Their smell lasts much longer, for hours or even a day after you apply them.” The new chemical, made from the tree genes, can be used as a fixative, too. And using yeast to make it is far cheaper than acquiring ambergris. Bohlmann admits he never thought he'd get into the perfume business. But now, he says, producers have been calling to find out how to use his technology in new perfumes. 文章大意:本文是一篇科普说明文。介绍了一种使香水香味持久的物质——龙涎香~因 这一物质来自于鲸~所以遭到人们的反对。科学家们发现一些树中的化学物质可以用来取代 它~他们利用酵母菌成功制造出了这些化学物质。 16(It can be inferred from the passage that if a perfume contains ambergris, ________. A(its user probably supports whale hunting B(its smell will last for about an hour C(there will be a whale symbol on the bottle D(it is probably very expensive 答案:D 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句中“But using ambergris, which helps a perfume last longer...”以及倒数第三段中“But expensive perfumes are much more stable.”可知,含有龙涎香的 香水价格昂贵,故D项正确;根据倒数第三段中“Their smell lasts much longer, for hours or even a day after you apply them.”可知,B项错误;根据第二段第二句中“is strongly opposed by many people who think it is wrong to kill whales...”可知,A项错误;C项文中未提及相关信息。 17(The underlined expression “with a catch” in Paragraph 3 means ________. A(being difficult to hold B(having a hidden problem C(needing further testing D(being too similar 答案:B 词义猜测题。根据第四段中“There's a problem that many people wouldn't consider.” 可知,该词组意为“有隐含的问题”,故B项正确。 18(According to the passage, why are yeast cells often used in genetic research? A(They can take on the characteristics of other genes. B(They can reproduce much faster than other cells. C(They share some of the qualities of plant genes. D(They're much cheaper to use than ambergris. 答案:A 细节理解题。根据第七段第二句中“it easily adopts new genes and changes its features and behaviour.”可知,由于酵母菌容易吸收其他基因,并将目的基因成功表达出来,故 常被用于基因 工程 路基工程安全技术交底工程项目施工成本控制工程量增项单年度零星工程技术标正投影法基本原理 研究中,故A项正确。 19(What can we learn about Joerg Bohlmann from the passage? A(He is opposed to whale hunting. B(He made his discovery during Christmas. C(He has worked in the perfume industry for many years. D(He has previously done genetic research. 答案:D 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“But his discovery of a new plant gene (基因)(.. the perfume business.”及第三段表达的语境可知,Joery Bohlmann已经意识到,这些树中某些 基因所产生的化学物质可以被用于香水中以代替龙涎香,但是这些化学物质和其他物质混合 在一起,难以分离,故可以断定,Joerg Bohlmann曾经做过基因研究,故D项正确。 20(What is the best title for the passage? A(The Christmas tree's secret. B(The sweet smell of success. C(Whalefree perfume. D(Save the whale. 答案:C 标题概括题。根据文章第一段“Expensive perfumes (香水) come in tiny bottles, but many hide a whalesized secret.”及文章最后一句中“producers have been calling to find out how to use his technology in new perfumes.”可知,本文主要介绍了在香水中使用的龙涎香,这种价格 昂贵的物质,最终被树中的某种化学物质成功取代。故C项为最佳标题。 【2014高考英语福建省联考试卷】 完形填空。阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空 白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 What is it that you love to do but never feel that you get it quite right? Perhaps you don't even try any more because you think what you do is not 36 enough( Discouragement seems to follow us a good part of the time, 37 however hard we work, it seems that there is 38 someone else who can do it much better( I have always enjoyed music and it is 39 to me that every musician has a 40 of their own(My father _ 41 several instruments and when he played with other people, it was not 42 his sound in a group(Whether it was guitar or another instrument, he had his difficult to own 43 sound( I 44 heard of a music teacher who commented to a discouraged student, " 45 else can make the sound that you make(" The sound that you make may not be the same as someone else's, but who is to say which is 46 (It is said that, " 47 is in the eye of the beholder .” . Perhaps it could be said that a delightful sound is in the ear of the 48 ( Every person has a different tone of voice that 49 only to them, 50 we all know people with an unforgettable laugh or a way of 51 that is unique to them(It might not be the sound of your music or your voice at all(It 52 be the way you whistle or the sound of your footsteps( Each person has a(an) 53 on the world in some way(Someone else can do what you do, but they cannot do it 54 in the same way that you do it(The next time you feel 55 , remember nobody else can make the sound that you make( 36(A(easy B(good C(simple D(hard 37(A(because B(although C(when D(if 38(A(seldom B(always C(never D(sometimes 39(A(satisfying B(convincing C(inspiring D(interesting 40(A(gift B(sound C(life D(song 41(A(played B(designed C(created D(checked 42(A(turn down B(call up C(pick out D(give off 43(A(loud B(powerful C(perfect D(special 44(A(once B(yet C(even D(still 45(A(Anybody B(Somebody C(Nobody D(Everybody 46(A(bigger B(better C(deeper D(lower 47(A(Beauty B(Interest C(Patience D(Honesty 48(A(speaker B(receiver C(listener D(looker 49(A(devotes B(adds C(adapts D(belongs 50(A(but B(yet C(and D(for 51(A(running B(walking C(jumping D(speaking 52(A(must B(might C(would D(should choice B(opinion C(duty D(effect 53(A( 54(A(exactly B(carefully C(cautiously D(seriously 55(A(annoyed B(puzzled C(discouraged D(bothered 【参考答案】BABDB ACDAC BACDC DBDAC
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