【英语考试 GMAT】四六级写作中绝对用得到的关键词汇及短语汇总 共(9页)
寡人平时仍然坚持读报纸或者书籍时刻积累我将来自己时可以用到的,这个建议希望大家不
光是在应试英语的时候很应试的去这样做,应当养成一种习惯,你会发现,几乎所有同学的
或者问题,都是不知道用哪个词,不知道用什么词,并不是问题,逻辑问题,那么把那些浩
瀚的词库(例如四级要求4500,考研要求6500,托福要求8000,GRE要求12000)加以应
用化,精简化,因为很多同学即便单词都会记住了,依然不知道用什么词,至少不能短期反
应过来,因为你脑中有太浩瀚的非应用性,一定要在脑子里还要有一个词库。下面列举一部
分,很适合各个梯度的考试的用词,第一,直接面向常用的高频意思
表
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达,第二,更加地道。
一些a range of ; a variety of ; a series of ; an array of
无数innumerable ; countless
许多plenty of ; many ; much ; a great deal of ; a lot of ; ample
非常多(大)的tremendous
依序列举list in sequence
时间词
过时的outdated ; antiquated ; outmoded ; obsolete ; anachronistic
短暂的ephemeral ; transitory ; transient ; short-lived
不合时宜的anachronism
可持久的durable ; able to stand wear ; last a long time
一再time after time ; again and again
初始的preliminary
前述的aforementioned ; aforesaid ; former
自古到今from ancient times to the present day ; down through the ages
年轻人young people ; youngster ; youth ; young adult
老式的old-fashioned ; out of date ; dated
偶尔from time to time ; now and then ; once in a while ; at times
时常often ; frequently ; repeatedly
永远的eternal ; perpetual ; lasting throughout life
重整办事优先顺序reshape priorities
目前so far ; by far
一次就可完成的事one-time event
正/反意见(opinion)
骂yell at ; reprimand ; chide ; scold ; reprove
支持support ; endorse ; back up ; uphold
谴责condemn ; express strong disapproval of
错的mistaken ; erroneous ; wrong incorrect
错事wrongdoing ; had acts ; misbehavior
做相反的do the reverse of ; do the opposite
归咎blame…on ; put the blame on … ; …is to blame
瓦解disintegrate ; break up ; separate into small parts
支持某一方in favor of ; on the side of
不会犯错的infallible
意见不和clashes of opinion
一致的unanimous ; in complete agreement
不恰当inappropriate ; improper ; unsuitable ; inadequate
批判criticize ; blame; find fault with ; make judgments of the merits and faults of…
我们想念…we are convinced that…; we are certain that..
我愿意I incline to; I am inclined to; I am willing to; I tend to
有用的useful ; of use; serviceable; good for; instrumental; productive
有意义的meaningful; fulfilling
他们不愿承认这一点they have always been reluctant to admit this…
在大家同意下by common consent of…
否定deny; withhold; negate
承认admit; acknowledge; confess; concede
于事无补of no help; of no avail; no use
使…受益benefit…; do good to…; is good for…; is of great benefit to…
想法frame of mind; mind set; the way one is thinking
想出come up with
找出come up with; find out
利用use; take advantage of
夸耀brag about; boast about; show off; speak too highly of
照顾take care of; take charge of; attend to; watch over
对…很了解have a deep knowledge of…
对抗权威stand up against authority; resisit boldly the authority
对…有信心have confidence in
说清楚articulate; verbalize; put in words; utter
接受…之美意embrace the offer of…
累积amass; accumulate; heap up; assemble
连系tact; get in touch with; contact with
排除这可能性rule out the possibility
等于is equivalent to; equal
选择choose; elect; opt for; pick; single out
发出deliver; give out; hand over
绕路detour; take a detour; take a roundabout way
禁止进入is kept out; is barred from
小看make little of
坏了out of order; on the blink; is not working
分别distinguish between; make a distinction between; tell…from
依靠count on; depend on
忽视neglect; give too little care to
存在come to be; come into existence; come to birth; come into being
考虑consider; take into consideration; take into account
考虑到in consideration of
用尽力气exhaust one’s strength; use up one’s strength
开动initiate; set going
准备…brace for; prepare for
在于lie in; rest on; rest with
主动take the initiative
不算exclusive of; not counting; leaving out
应该得到deserve; have right to; is worthy of
避免avoid; shun; get around; circumvent
幻想fantasy; play of the mind
以此
标准
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来算by this criterion; by this standard
乍看之下at first glance
面对in the face of; in the presence of
以by means of; by virtue of; by the use of
不惜代价at all costs
每况愈下from bad to worse
承受错误造成的后果in reaping the harvest of his mistakes
取得同意…get the go-ahead to
不择手段unscrupulously; by hook or by crook
想法与作法beliefs and practices
内情ins and outs; turns and twists
关键时刻the critical moment
虽然although; notwithstanding; albeit; though
根据according to; on the basis of; on the ground of (that); in the light of; in line with;
in accordance with
逃避问题evade the question
增大enlarge; extend; aggrandize
澄清clarify; make clear
赔偿compensate for; give…as compensation for
实现carry out; implement; realize; make…come true
假定suppose; assume; postulate; hypothesize
极端的radical; extreme
极端的措施drastic measures
剩下的the rest; the remainder; what is left
换言之in other words; put another way
结果result; aftermath; consequence
优点advantage; strength; strong point; merit; benefit
简言之put simply; in short; in brief; in a nutshell
举例而言for instance; for example; to illustrate; let us cite 特别是an illustration; to cite a concrete case
特别是especially; more than others; particularly; in particular
既然…now that…; seeing that…
迹象inkling; hint; clue; a slight suggestion
缺点disadvantage; demerit; shortcoming; drawback; weakness
除去do away with; eliminate; remove; get rid of
缺少for lack of; for a deficiency of
毕竟after all; all in all
范围scope; field; realm
潜力potential;
行为conduct; behavior; doings
隔绝isolate; insulate
分辨出identify; recognize
不易懂的elusive; hard to understand
展开unfold
回馈feedback
主导的人物a dominant figure; a controlling man; the most influential person
观点viewpoint; point of view; perspective; standpoint
正在进行中is underway
只是一种姿态is merely a gesture
立场position; stand; stance
意向inclination; leaning; intention
特权privilege; a special right
来自stem from; come from
一件事的不同说法alternative statements of fact
交织intertwine; interweave
好奇心the eager desire to know; curiosity
尊敬respect; esteem; think highly of
顽固的headstrong; obstinate; stubborn
暗淡的gloomy; dark; dim
巨大的huge; gigantic; colossal; vast; enormous; tremendous
探索explore; fathom
执行carry out; execute; do
现代modern times; modern age; contemporary age
偏见prejudice; bias; partiality; predilection
混乱chaos; commotion; confusion; disturbance; tumult
无弹性(僵硬)rigid
无缺点的flawless; airtight
无药可救incurable
无法避免的unavoidable; inevitable
细密的计划elaborate plan
取消cancel; annul; abolish
解药a cure for…; a remedy for;
谜puzzle; riddle; enigma
机会平等equality of opportunity
较有影响力的国家a predominant country
遵守abide by; conform to; observe; comply with
热情的passionate; ardent; zealous
模糊的ambiguous; vague; obscure
影响长远的far-reaching
失望despair; loss of hope; without hope
幼稚childish; childlike; na飗e
挑剔的picky; choosy; fastidious
破坏destroy; ruin; break to pieces; devasate
技巧的skillful; adept; dexterous
警觉的alert; watchful; on guard; wary of
忍受bear; put up with; endure; stand
证据evidence; facts; proof; grounds; testimony
很容易地easily; with little problem; with little hindrance
令人惊讶的amazing; astonishing; astounding
生动的报导vivid description
争取compete for; try hard to win
遗产heritage; legacy; inheritance
保护protect; safeguard; preserve; shelter
了解understand; comprehend; catch the meaning of; catch on
汇露reveal; make known; disclose
放大amplify; magnify; enlarge
动力impetus; driving force; momentum
自满的complacent
第一流的first-rate; excellent
安全处refuge; asylum; haven; sanctuary
强调emphasize; stress; highlight
短视的决定short-sighted decision
真正的genuine; authentic; real
怪异的eccentric; peculiar; odd
明显的distinct; clear; explicit; obvious
得到…的注意capture one’s attention
事事干涉的meddlesome; interfering
背景setting; background
假的fake; false; counterfeit
夸大报导dramatize
退步setback
古人the ancients
古老的old; ancient; archaeic
逃犯infringe (on); violate
使害怕intimidate; frighten
带来生气enliven
对手rival
吸引人的intriguing
旁观者onlooker
准确地说to be exact; to be precise; precisely
突然醒悟it dawned on me that
仔细思考之后after long deliberation; after careful thought
对比及其相关用词
可互换的interchangeable
可与…相比is comparable with (to)
普遍的prevailing; common; prevalent
是一个对比is a sharp contrast to
比作is likened to; is compared to
多样化的heterogeneous
单一性的homogeneous
一般而言in general; generally speaking; by and large
满于现状be happy with what you are
预测未来project into the future
另一个观点是… another way of looking at the matter is…
不宜取笑… it is not decent to make fun of…
评估社会文化因素 assess (evaluate) sociocultural factors
那并非说… that does not mean that…
那有这回事 there is no such thing as
一个有待克服的困难是… a major hurdle for us to overcome is…
由…造成 caused by; attributable to; due to; resulting from
由…组成 is made up of…; is comprised of; consist
必须从两方面考虑此问题this problem needs to be considered on two dimensions:
限制limit; restrict; refrain; restrain; keep within limits; confine; keep in check
一般人认为… conventional wisdom suggests that…
这方法有陷阱the method had pitfalls:
说服convince; persuade; cause to believe
具体的specific; concrete; tangible
刻意的intentional; on purpose; intended
费时间去了解…take time to acquaint oneself with…
…是此问题的核心 …is at the root of the issue
无法估计is beyond calculation; incalculable
无资格的disqualified
GMAT Reading
1. 4种文章类型
一、新老观点对比(重点在后)
先是老观点:many, most, common, frequently, usually, traditionally, once, old, recently, until
recently 再是新观点:强转折(1段中/2段首)
主题句:明确的新观点。
二、现象解释型(重点在后)--为什么,
先是现象:自然科学:自然现象 社会科学:史实
再是解释:解释原因+提出多个理论+强调主体+评价
主题句: 正确的解释
三、问题解决型:(重点在后)--该怎么去做,
问题:
疑问--------question, puzzle
任务--------difficulty, task, problem, challenge 解决/回答:多个理论+提出主题+作者评价。
主题句: 正确的解决
方案
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/答案
四、结论解释型(开门见山)--有哪些内容
特点:判断句--主题句恰恰是判断句;解释:内容的详细展开
2. 主题题型
一、 对文章的中心思想、写作目的等提问的题目
1. 明确主题句TS
2. 无TS--关键词、细节、新内容
A(关键词:主体动词
Presentation:present,describe, explain, illustrate, point out, etc.
Argumentation: evaluate, criticize, refute, challenge, counter, correct, etc.(非常实用) 3. 含作者态度(少数服从多数)
二、 结构套路
1. organization: 既问文章/段落的结构、套路,注意顺序~
2. 特别套路:专门评述某人理论、著作,多属于结构解释型,少属于现象解释(为什么)。 3. 注意:
A. 先入为主型(从前不从后):前面部分结构已经很完整,但后面部分说了一大段和前面无关的离题内容,不能受后面影响
B. 少数服从多数(从大不从小):TS提出正态度,却在末尾作出转折说一些缺点、毛病,只是为了避免极端而作出的暖和语气。
3. 态度题
就作者对某事件、某理论的态度评价提问的题目。
一边倒评价:正评价、负评价
混合评价:大正小负、 大负小正
?文中判断评价的依据:判断句系动词、情态动词、自由褒贬词(adj ,adv)
1、引号:负评价
2、表示评价的实义动词:主要用于研究类文章
(1)负评价:
fail (to), ignore, overlook, neglect, 忽略,忽视,前一个为主观,后两个为客观
overestimate, underestimate,高估,低估 exaggerate,夸张,夸大
misrepresent, misinterpret错误表达,错误表述,错误解释
(2)正评价:
show, prove, demonstrate证明 find, discover, 发现 determine, confirm,确信,确认
3、让步语气让步语气的三种写法:
前半句(1)it is true/it is correct/ of course(2)no doubt/without doubt/undoubtedly (3)do/ may/ seem/appear
后半句:强转折 以后半句为主要评价。
4、从大不从小
文章开头或主题句中的评价是大评价,其他是小评价。让步和转折除外。 4. 细节题
一、 四种主要类型
1. 罗马数字题2. in order to题型3. 强对比取非题4. 其他
二、 几种常见的错误方式
三、 细节定位
(1)有定位的信息题: of, about, concerning, regarding-"关于"同义变换 (2)无定位的信息题: 只能根据对全文的整体把握来逐个判断选项。 5. 类比题
典型问法: which of the following is most similar to the situation in the sentence?
Similar to, analogous to, parallel
做法:抓住本质特征
客观题做题要求:题型、定位、同义变换
做题注意事项
1、 4种错误选项:混、偏、反、无
混:张冠李戴:A说成B ;偏:以偏盖全;反:与原文相反;无:原文没说/无法判断 2、 慎重对待含有最高级、唯一性和比较句的选项
3、 不要用非出题段落的内容来解答这个题
例外:问某段结尾,可用下段开头;问某段开头,可用上段结尾。
4、 长选项竖读法
纵向比较所有选项,尤其是开头,找到其中相同的语言部分,如果某几个选项中相同的语言部分对这个题有用,那么先看这几个选项或者这几个选项的差异部分。 5、文字定位
基本操作:读文章的时候找出主题词和评价;文:主题题干:主题
特殊情况:
(1)如果题干主题在文中多处出现,一般定位在其首次出现之处。
(2)如果题干主题与文章主题有关,定位在主题句。
6. 逻辑题:(反对+支持题)
(1)反对题:weaken, undermine, call into question, cast doubt on 4种作法:
A、反对原因 反对A-B时可说A不成立。
B、反证法 假设结论成立,推出矛盾、谬误,与现实不符的情况。
C、直接反对结论 欲反对A-B,直接说B不成立。
D、存在其他原因 欲反对A-B,可说C-B。
(2)支持题:support, strengthen 3种作法:
A、补充所缺的条件。 欲支持A--B,补上C,得C-A-B。
B、把B再强调一遍。
C、具体事例法:举文中没有讲过的例子作为正面论据。
(3) IF TRUE原则:不要怀疑5个选项的成立性,一切以他们的成立为前提。 7. 出题点
一、
总结
初级经济法重点总结下载党员个人总结TXt高中句型全总结.doc高中句型全总结.doc理论力学知识点总结pdf
1. 主题:几乎必考;2. 混合评价;3. 强对比;4. 强因果;5. 比较句;6. 举例+列举 二、 补充重要语言点
三、 1、强转折(做记号)
虽然:(al)though, while 但是:but yet however
同义词:in fact和actually,nevertheless和nonetheless, rather和instead,despite和in spite of 实际上...... 然而...... 尽管......却...... 不是......而是......
极端转折:
多重转折:出现多重转折以最后一重为准,前面的千万不要当真~ 2、强因果
因为: because(of), since, for, 冒号(:) 所以: thus, hence, therefore
短语: lead to, result in, result from, lie in
"家族":conclude, conclusion, conclusive, consequent(ly), consequence
*3、强对比
传统对比词:unlike, contrast, on the contrary, on the other hand
文章开头的时间状语:before, prior to, in, (until) recently
取非题:A is unlike B(把文章的内容反过来)
*4、强调词
A 最高级:-est, most, least
顺序最高级(first, last)频率最高级(always, never)程度最高级(foremost, uttermost/utmost) B 唯一性:only, sole(ly), unique(ly),exclusive(ly), alone
example: theory A alone (right)
alone theory A (error)
比较句:more/less...than(与其......不如说......),
as...as/the same as
*5、专有名词:人,物种等, 只需要划出取首字母简称
6、三种标点符号
A引号:
(1)引用某人原话(2)强调(3)负评价-"protecting"
B括号 破折号:插入补充解释
7、判断句
A 系动词:be, remain 情态动词:can, can not, may, might B 自由褒贬词:adj, adv.(词性) 即:当我们把它移开不会改变文章的语法和结构 例:His view changed our attitude.
His view successfully(正)changed our attitude.
His view curiously(负) changed our attitude.
His brazen(负) view changed our attitude.
His penetrating(正) view changed our attitude.