人教版初中物理教材--八年级（Human education edition junior middle school physics textbook - eighth grade）

人教版初中物理教材--八年级（Human education edition junior middle school physics textbook - eighth grade） 人教版初中物理教材--八年级(Human education edition junior middle school physics textbook - eighth grade) Doc documents may have a poor browsing experience at the WAP end. It is recommended that you choose TXT, or download the source file to the native view. Human education edition junior high school physics textbook - eighth grade teaching edition junior high school physics textbook - eighth grade grade decomposition - science tour Content standards (" contains the sample and activity Suggestions ", similarly hereinafter) : protestant and P9 wrote: "the introduction of this part of the book, the purpose has two, one is to let the students recognize the content is interesting, useful, and second, the preliminary understanding to learn physics should pay attention to the things". According to the regulations of "curriculum standard" in the "objective", we formulate the teaching requirements of this section, we formulate the teaching requirements of this section are: we have formulated the teaching requirements of this section and do things to let the students through the process of observation of physical phenomena. Step by step teach students "the physics can be observed by a brief description as the main characteristic of" the preliminary understanding "intuition are not reliable, only for scientific research, in order to well know the law of nature", gradually cultivate the students "the scientific attitude of seeking truth from facts and respect the laws of nature" and "establish correct science". Do the preliminary training students "physical phenomena can be observed in" "found some problems in the process of" and "have to see the solution of open and communicate with others". Do the preliminary training students "scientific curiosity, to explore the natural phenomena and physics principle" in everyday life. A funny first chapter of the sound Content standards: do a preliminary understanding of sound through the experiment conditions of production and propagation. Understand the characteristics of music. To understand the application of modern technology related to sound. Know the way of prevention and control of noise. ", put some on the raised cabinet, tap on a raised, make its voice, watching the movement of confetti. Tapping sound fork, observed with light touch of table tennis movement. Cases ", and put the clock in the glass, the smoke to the air, then barely hear voices. Slowly into the air, the sound from scratch, since the childhood. Example of telecommunications, collection of ultrasonic application examples. Example of telecommunications, illustrate how building in prevention and control of noise. Example, ling know. How do people hear Suggestions: delta survey community (or school) in the prevention and control of noise pollution situation and has taken measures, puts forward Suggestions for the further prevention cure noise. Do know that the world is in constant movement. To illustrate the nature there are various forms of exercise. Use language, words or diagrams describe the physical characteristics of the common material. Can from the Angle of life and social application, classify the material. The second chapter of the colorful light phenomenon Content standard: through experiments, the propagation characteristics of light in homogeneous medium are explored. The reflection and folding of light are studied and understood one Shot. Example of telecommunications, demo laser beam (or the sun beam) on the flat mirror reflection (laser laser with the toy, laser with smoke show that attention can't direct the eye), the incident beam and flat mirror Angle increases, the reflected beam and flat mirror Angle is increased. Example of telecommunications, demo laser beam (or the sun beam) from air into water occurs when bending. Through the experiment, to explore the relationship and things like when the plane mirror imaging. Through observation and experimentation, know that white light is made up of colored light. More light mixed with pigment hybrid phenomenon. ", Observe two flashlight respectively penetrate the color of red and blue light overlap on a white wall. Watch is red, the color of the green pigment mixed. Do know that the world is in constant movement. To illustrate the nature there are various forms of exercise. Use language, words or diagrams describe the physical characteristics of the common material. Can from the Angle of life and social application, classify the material. Chapter 3 lens and its application Content standards: can use language, words or diagrams describe the physical characteristics of the common material. Can from the Angle of life and social application, classifying material. The divergence of a recognized the convergence effect of convex and concave lens being. Investigate and know the law of the convex lens imaging. Understanding of convex lens imaging applications. Cases ", and understand the application of convex lens magnifying glass, camera, projector. Example of telecommunications, to understand the human eye imaging principle, causes and correct way to understand the nearsightedness and farsightedness. Suggestions: delta reading projector or camera specification, through manual learning to use a projector or camera. Delta made with two different focal length lens telescope. Example of telecommunications, use telescope to observe objects. Use language, words or diagrams describe the physical characteristics of the common material. Can from the Angle of life and social application, classify the material. Material changes in the fourth chapter of the material world Content standards: can use language, words or diagrams describe the physical characteristics of the common material. Can from the Angle of life and social application, classifying material. Example of telecommunications, investigating the nature, in daily life, some materials list summarized similarities and with the point of these material. According to different materials on the physical properties (form, elastic, color) and USES the difference of classification. Oblivious to the difference between solid, liquid and gas are three states of matter. Can describe the basic characteristics of the three states of matter. ", observe the surrounding material, according to the shape and volume stability and liquidity, solid, liquid, and the different characteristics of the gas. Enumerate all sorts of different nature and daily life state of matter. 2 Can say living being is common in the environment temperature. The understanding of the principle of operation of liquid thermometer. Will measure temperature. Try of opinions to the problem of environmental temperature. Note: should let students learn some basic physical quantity measurement method, to make them realize the feeling is not reliable. Should also let the student to the physical unit size have a perceptual knowledge, develop their ability to estimate. Example of telecommunications, investigation of life common thermometer, understand the working principle of the thermometer, explain why the liquid in the thermometer will have different. Cases ", try to the greenhouse effect, of opinions heat island effect, etc. Through the experiment, to explore the changes of state process. Try to live and some phenomena in the nature and the melting point of material or boiling point. ", using the knowledge of the change of state, to understand the principle of the pressure cooker. Note: students will learn the physical knowledge and technology and the consciousness of life closely related. In the course of seepage through science and technology of the society is one of the basic concept of "standard" advocates. Oblivious to the three states of water change explain some of the natural water cycle. Have the consciousness of saving water. ", Check the data, compare conductors, semiconductors, insulators. The activity suggestion: deltax through the experiment to explore the factors affecting the resistance of metal conductor. Chapter vii ohm's law Content standards: do things will use ammeter and voltmeter. With language, writing or chart to describe the physical characteristics of the common material. From the Angle of life and social application, classifying material. Being able to describe some of the properties of matter. Try to these attributes associated with substance use in everyday life. Read, simple circuit. To connect a simple series circuit and parallel circuit. Can say life, simple in production instance of series or parallel circuit. Through experiments to explore the current, voltage and resistance. Understanding of ohm's law, and can perform a simple calculation. Suggestions: delta measuring the resistance of the small bulbs work, draw a picture of the resistance with the voltage change line, and discussion. Do family circuit and the safe knowledge. Have a safe consciousness. Chapter viii electric power Content standards: do things from the perspective of energy conversion and the role of power supply and electrical appliances. Do the concept of knowledge work. Know the process is the process of energy conversion or transfer of doing work. Do understand that there is a different forms of energy and through an example. Can a brief description of the energy and various relations of our lives. 4 Understanding of ohm's law, and can perform a simple calculation. Understand the power and current, the relationship between the voltage, and can perform a simple calculation. To distinguish with electrical power rating and actual power. Nurture will use ammeter and voltmeter. Do know must have, in the current conductor of electric power consumption is proportional to the resistance of a conductor. ", explain: family circuit conductor joint if contact is not good, often fever, there appear dangerous. Nurture family circuit and the safe knowledge. Have a safe consciousness. Suggestions: delta investigate common appliances nameplate, compare their power. Delta to learn reading household watt-hour meter, electricity. Through the calculation of watt-hour meter delta to investigate local changes in electricity consumption per capita in recent years, discussed its relationship with the local economic development. Delta research refrigerator inside and outside of the relationship between temperature difference and less able to energy saving measures are put forward. With language, writing or chart describe the physical characteristics of the common material. Can from the Angle of life and social application, classify the material. Chapter ix electricity and magnetism Content standards: through the experiment, to explore the direction of the electric solenoid external magnetic field. Delta with insulation wire, iron nails, iron and other home-made telegraph cable. Delta in teachers under the guidance of learning to use electromagnetic relay. Do know wire through the experiment would be to force in the magnetic field, the direction of the force and the direction of current and magnetic field. Do know that the world is in constant movement. To illustrate the nature there are various forms of exercise. Can do experiments confirmed that the electromagnetic interaction. ", to explore the principle of the dc motor commutator. Fostered by common examples or experiment effect of cognition. Knowing the cause of the object motion changes. Example of telecommunications, experiments to explore the magnet can change the direction of motion of the ball. Delta using a magnet and a few needles, compass, and verify the same poles repel, heteropolar attraction is like. Case ", through the magnet magnetic materials, such as Perceptive material of magnetic and magnetic phenomenon, magnetic materials in life purpose. Through the experiment, to explore the conductor in magnetic field movement when produce induced current condition. ", by inserting coil magnet ammeter pointer movement instance, between different sport forms that have touch. Example of telecommunications, understanding of the structure and principle of the moving-coil speaker. Delta in under the guidance of teachers studying whether dynamic loudspeaker can be used as a moving coil microphone. Example of telecommunications, collect electromagnetic induction in the production, application examples in the life. Example of telecommunications, understand: grid with ac power supply in our country, the frequency is 50 hz, the voltage is 220 v. fostered by understanding energy can be transferred from one object to another object, different forms of energy can convert each other. 5 Can use language, words or diagrams describe the physical characteristics of the common material. Can from the Angle of life and social application, classifying material. The problem of scientific inquiry to cardiac science inquiry examples can be proposed by the students, also can be put forward by the teacher, can be required by the "standard" scientific content, can also be related to "standard" the scientific content of interdisciplinary. The content of the scientific inquiry in the form of exploratory activities within the classroom and extracurricular experiment, family social survey and other learning activities. Case 2. The factors influencing the magnetic intensity of ferromagnetic In class the teacher ask: solenoid magnetic strength and what factors? If you change the current of the electromagnet or the number of turns of an electromagnet, will its magnetic strength change? Student: let's say that the current of the electromagnet is increased from 1A to 2A. What is the magnetism of the electromagnet? Whether it can be speculated that: 2 a current in the conductor is two 1 a current convergence, and a current produces a magnetic field, the two together, the same magnetic field magnet magnetic enhanced. If the electromagnet constant current, coil increased from 100 turns to 100 turns, its magnetic? Whether it can be speculated that: 200 turn coil is made up by two groups of 100 turn coils, each coil produces a magnetic field, the two together, the same magnetic field magnet magnetic enhanced. Through the above speculation can think: the electromagnet coil number of turns, the more by the current, the greater the magnet magnetic will be stronger. Through what kind of experiments to test the above hypothesis? This experiment needs to solve three problems. The students discuss various possible ways to solve these three problems: how to measure the magnetic strength of electromagnet? Student A: look at how much it can suck up pins or small nails. Student B: see how much it can suck up the iron filings (in) balance. Student C: watch it appeals to an iron (with spring ergometer by electromagnet to absorb iron away the spring dynamometer readings). How to change and measurement by electromagnet coil of current? Student D: changing the current in the coil with slide rheostat, with the size of the current meter to measure current. Student E: table with increase or decrease in batteries to change the current in the coil, with series small the brightness of the light bulb to compare current size. 3. How to change the number of turns electromagnet coil? Student F: there is a tap in the middle, which can change the number of turns of the coil of the electric magnet. Student G: temporarily make the electromagnet coil, side experiment, and the side system. F method of inquiry experiment scheme. According to the teacher's advice, students work in experiment operation: switch, slide rheostat, ammeter, electromagnet together from the actuators to a power supply, when slide rheostat take different values measured current and electromagnet attraction of iron, the measurement data to fill in the table below (table 1). 6 turn The number The attraction of electromagnet for iron (N) change the coil number of turns, adjust the slide rheostat, made the current remain unchanged, the charm of electromagnet when measuring different number of turns for iron, the experiment data to fill in the table below (table 2) number of turns Electromagnet for iron gravity (N) groups see from the experimental data in table 1, when the electromagnet coil number of turns is changeless, current gradually enlarged (note: this sentence should be amended as: at constant when the number of turns of electromagnet, the charm of electromagnet for iron, is along with the increase of the current is strong or reduced and synchronous change. Other pragmatically not suggest modify); See from the data in table 2, under the same current, the number of electromagnet coil circle number increases, the increase of electromagnet attraction of iron is synchronization. Which confirmed: solenoid magnetic strength and electromagnet coil number of turns, through the electromagnet coil current, the electromagnet coil number of turns, the more the greater the current, the stronger the magnetism. Review the above operations, see what's good: when change the coil number of turns, whether does the shape of the current in the coil and the coil is the same? When measuring the attraction of an electromagnet, do you use the same piece of iron? Are there other factors that affect the results? If all of these factors in the experiment for the test and the results should be reliable. Each group write experiment report, experimental process and results and the experimental results report groups in the class, discuss and exchange. Chapter x transmission of information Content standards: do know light is electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic wave propagation speed in a vacuum. ", for example the existence of electromagnetic wave. ", according to the radio emission wavelength frequency calculation. Do understand the application of electromagnetic wave and its impact on human life and social development. Being able to illustrate the application of electromagnetic wave in the daily life. ", to understand the principle of microwave oven. Example of telecommunications, to understand the role of the mobile communication base stations. Example of telecommunications, understanding of digital signal and analog signal. The basic difference between cases ", simply introduced the optical cable communication and satellite communication. Suggestions: delta investigation of electromagnetic wave is widely used in modern society. Do know wavelength, frequency and wave velocity relationship. Understanding of wave in the role of information dissemination. With language, writing or chart describe the physical characteristics of the common material. Can from the Angle of life and social application, classify the material. 7 one